Questões de Concurso Comentadas sobre teorias e práticas para o ensino de língua estrangeira em pedagogia

Foram encontradas 612 questões

Q3140148 Pedagogia
As Diretrizes Curriculares para o Ensino Fundamental de 9 anos preconizam que o ensino de Língua Estrangeira, como componente curricular obrigatório, deve visar: 
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Q3140147 Pedagogia
A etapa de pós-leitura é uma fase essencial no trabalho com textos em Espanhol, pois permite aprofundar a análise e relacionar os conteúdos abordados a outros contextos ou áreas do conhecimento. Essa etapa vai além da compreensão básica do texto, promovendo reflexões críticas, debates e atividades que estimulem o desenvolvimento de habilidades linguísticas e interpretativas dos alunos.

A etapa de pós-leitura em Espanhol tem como objetivo:
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Q3140146 Pedagogia
Ao abordar os temas transversais nas aulas de Espanhol, o professor contribui para: 
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Q3140145 Pedagogia
O ensino de leitura em Espanhol, ou em qualquer língua estrangeira, deve priorizar estratégias que auxiliem os alunos a desenvolver habilidades de compreensão e interpretação. Durante essa etapa, o professor desempenha um papel fundamental ao propor atividades que estimulem a identificação de ideias principais, vocabulário contextualizado e a relação entre informações, favorecendo o desenvolvimento da autonomia na leitura.

Durante a etapa de leitura de um texto em Espanhol, é importante que o professor:
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Q3140144 Pedagogia
No processo de compreensão de um texto em Espanhol, os alunos mobilizam diferentes tipos de conhecimento. Assinale a alternativa que descreve corretamente o conhecimento sistêmico:
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Ano: 2024 Banca: INEP Órgão: INEP Prova: INEP - 2024 - INEP - Letras - Português e Inglês |
Q4158884 Pedagogia
Joana, a pre-service English teacher, has been taking part in several teaching and researching projects since the beginning of her course. It provided her with strong theoretical and methodological basis related to the specific contents of the course. However, it was only during the supervised internship in a public school when she realized that being a teacher requires more than mastering contents and techniques. During her permanence at school she had to deal with lack of interest in English classes, great amount of bureaucratic work, conflicts among students and precarious working conditions. She was not prepared for those issues.

Concerning all the issues mentioned, Joana could benefit from the supervised internship because it
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Ano: 2024 Banca: INEP Órgão: INEP Prova: INEP - 2024 - INEP - Letras - Português e Inglês |
Q4158879 Pedagogia
In the context of Foreign Language (FL) teaching, there has been an emphasis on understanding the underlying causes of errors, which may include the transfer of patterns from the native language to the foreign language. In FL learning, what we believe to be or not to be an error is often related to our own way of acting in the situations we experience in our daily lives. In this sense, it is important to consider the fact that learners and teachers are individuals who have their particular ways of thinking and acting regarding what constitutes an error within the teaching and learning process, as well as regarding why, how, and when to correct it.
SILVA, S. V. D.; FIGUEIREDO, F. J. Q. D. Erro e correção: as crenças de dois professores de escola pública e de alguns de seus alunos. Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada, n. 6, p. 113-141, 2006 (adaptado).

In a Brazilian English classroom, a student says, “I am going to the shopping.” The teacher interrupts and corrects the student, saying, “No, in English, we say ‘I am going to the mall,’ not ‘shopping’.” By doing this correction, the teacher assumed his own dialect or regional variation of English as the standard or correct one. However, in Brazilian Portuguese, it’s common to use the term “shopping” to refer to a shopping mall.

Considering the text, we can infer the purpose behind the correction demonstrated in this case stud
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Ano: 2024 Banca: INEP Órgão: INEP Prova: INEP - 2024 - INEP - Letras - Português e Inglês |
Q4158870 Pedagogia
TEXT 1
Critical literacy refers to the ability to actively and critically engage with texts, media, and information in order to understand, question, and analyze underlying power structures, ideologies, and assumptions. It goes beyond basic reading comprehension to involve a deeper examination of the social, political, and cultural contexts in which texts are produced and interpreted.

TEXT 2
The earliest accounts describe The Handmaid’s Tale (by Margaret Atwood) as a feminist dystopia: (a) it contrasts the present with an envisioned idealized society (separated from the present by time or space); (b) it offers a comprehensive critique of present values/conditions; (c) it sees men or male institutions as a major cause of present social ills; (d) it presents women not only as at least the equals of men but also as the sole arbiters of their reproductive functions.

The quotation also applies to dystopia, except that it deals with a negative society rather than an idealized one. Unlike a negative utopia or anti-utopia, [The Handmaid’s Tale] includes the promise of a return to our norm or to a more desirable state.
LECLAIRE, J. The Handmaid’s Tale: a Feminist Dystopia? In: LACROIX, J. M. et al. The Handmaid’s Tale, roman protéen. Presses universitaires de Rouen et du Havre, p. 85, 1999 (adapted).

Considering the texts, select the alternative that justifies why The Handmaid’s Tale is a viable option for a pedagogical activity involving critical literacy and the thematic of dystopia.
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Q4152865 Pedagogia
Una profesora de español de una escuela de Enseñanza Media, impartió clases por primera vez para la Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos (EJA). Aunque muy contenta, se dio cuenta que tenía que adecuarse al nuevo grupo. Por ello, empezó a hacer cambios en sus estrategias pedagógicas para reducir la evasión escolar, considerando las características de los estudiantes. Delante de esa cuestión, la profesora decidió enfocar en la comprensión de textos literarios, pues esta, para una formación orientada a la ciudadanía, se convierte en un componente sustancial en la educación de estos alumnos.

Considerando la situación explicitada, señala la estrategia adecuada a ser utilizada con ese grupo.
Alternativas
Q4152862 Pedagogia
Preocupado con formar al lector crítico, un profesor de español llevó a su aula de Enseñanza Media el siguiente texto que se volvió viral en las redes sociales durante la pandemia de Covid-19:

Mensaje de Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.

“Para todos mis pacientes:

Me gustaría llamar su atención con urgencia sobre cuestiones importantes relacionadas con la próxima vacunación contra el Covid-19. Por primera vez en la historia de la vacunación, las llamadas vacunas de ARNm de última generación intervienen directamente en el material genético del paciente y, por lo tanto, cambian el material genético individual, que representa la manipulación genética, algo que ha sido prohibido y hasta ahora considerado criminal.

Ésta intervención se puede comparar con la de los alimentos manipulados genéticamente, lo cual también es muy controvertido.

Incluso si los medios y los políticos actualmente trivializan el problema e incluso claman sin pensar un nuevo tipo de vacuna para volver a la normalidad, esta vacunación es problemática en términos de salud, moral y ética y también en términos de daño genético que, a diferencia del daño causado por las vacunas anteriores ahora será irreversible e irreparable.

Estimados pacientes, después de una vacuna ARNm sin precedentes, ya no podrán tratar los síntomas de la vacuna de forma complementaria. Tendrán que vivir con las consecuencias, porque ya no se pueden curar simplemente eliminando toxinas del cuerpo humano, así como no puedes curar a una persona con un defecto genético como el síndrome de Down, el síndrome de Klinefelter, el síndrome de Turner, la enfermedad cardíaca genética, hemofilia, fibrosis quística, síndrome de Rett etc., ¡porque el defecto genético es para siempre!”

Disponible en: https://radios.ucr.ac.cr/2020/10/doblecheck/vacunas-contra-covid-19-no-podran-modificar-el-adn-de-las-personas/. acceso en: 14 jun. 2024.

El “mensaje” en cuestión es un texto de desinformación sobre la ciencia, con elementos que actualmente han proliferado en las redes sociales. En este ambiente, se han naturalizado palabras como antivacunas. El objetivo del docente, al proponer su lectura, es que los estudiantes desarrollen una visión crítica de los textos que circulan en las redes.

Para lograr su objetivo, el docente, en el aula, debe
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Q4152858 Pedagogia
Para su clase sobre pronunciación en español, un profesor solicitó que los alumnos brasileños, en parejas, analizacen sonidos semejantes en portugués y en español, dando énfasis a las diferencias fónicas, para que pudieran comprender que en español la consonante oclusiva /b/ tiene una forma alofónica que no existe en portugués, es decir, la aproximante [β]. Luego, trabajó con una actividad de evaluación de audios en los que los estudiantes brasileños tuvieron que manifestarse acerca de esa forma inexistente en su lengua materna. El plan de clase tenía como objetivo desarollar la autonomía de los alumnos en su percepción acerca de los sonidos de la lengua, basándose en la propuesta para la enseñanza comunicativa de la pronunciación de Celce-Murcia et al., en su obra Teaching pronunciation: a course book and reference guide, 2010.

Teniendo en cuenta los pasos pedagógicos de enseñanza comunicativa de la pronunciación, la actividad propuesta por el profesor corresponde al paso de la
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Q4152854 Pedagogia
Con la intención de bajar el filtro afectivo de sus alumnos, la profesora de español de una escuela de Enseñanza Media eligió la canción Miedo, de Lenine y Julieta Venegas, para una actividad en el aula. Presentó las biografías de los artistas. Luego, en un círculo de conversación, asumiendo una postura de escucha activa, ubicándose en un lugar acogedor, brindando seguridad y confianza a sus alumnos, les preguntó a qué tenían miedo. Luego presentó la letra de la canción a los estudiantes, proyectó el video de la canción, escribió en la pizarra la siguiente frase “Tengo miedo…” y pidió a los estudiantes que escribieran lo discutido al inicio de la clase: ¿A qué tienes miedo?

Basándose en el caso presentado, se concluye que la actividad favorece
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Q4152832 Pedagogia
En un colegio público brasileño de Educación Básica, el profesor adopta un libro didáctico de español adquirido por medio del Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD). Su propuesta está basada en la secuenciación del material, pero, a veces, necesita complementarlo con explicaciones en portugués acerca del funcionamiento gramatical de las lenguas, contrastando los dos sistemas, sin explicitar las reglas, para que los alumnos descubran de forma inductiva posibles explicaciones para los fenómenos lingüísticos.

Con el uso del enfoque inductivo y de la lengua materna, el profesor utilizó la estrategia adecuada para este caso porque los alumnos
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Ano: 2024 Banca: INEP Órgão: INEP Prova: INEP - 2024 - INEP - Letras - Inglês |
Q4151685 Pedagogia
Scenario I: In an Elementary School, we observed a dialogue between the teacher (T) and his students (Ss):
T: Hello, class!
Ss: Hi, teacher.
T: Today, I am going to introduce a new verb tense to you: the simple past. The simple past tense is used to describe actions or events that happened in the past. For example, If I say, “I walked to school yesterday,” what tense am I using?
(The teacher writes the sentences on the blackboard)
Ss: It is easy. It is simple past.
T: Ok, very good. What happened to the verb in the sentence?
Ss: You added “-ed.”
(The teacher underlines “-ed” in a different color)
T: Great. So, to change from the present tense to the past tense, with regular verbs, we simply add “-ed” to the verb. If the verb ends in “-y” preceded by a consonant, we drop the “-e” and add “-ied”, ok? Now let’s practice. Change the verbs below from present to past tense.

Scenario II: An English teacher (T) introduces the simple past tense to a group of 7th-grade students (Ss, S1, S2).
T: Hello, class!
Ss: Hello, teacher.
T: What day is today?
Ss: It is Monday.
T: Excellent. So, can you tell me what you did yesterday?
S1: I watch a movie on TV.
T: You watched a movie on TV, how nice.
S2: I played soccer with my friends.
T: Great. Now let’s practice. Sit in pairs and talk to your friend about things you did last week.
(The teacher observes their performances and assists them when required).

We can state about scenario I and scenario II, respectively, that
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Ano: 2024 Banca: INEP Órgão: INEP Prova: INEP - 2024 - INEP - Letras - Inglês |
Q4151684 Pedagogia
Active teaching methodologies place the student at the center of the learning process, encourage autonomy and motivation, and ensure constant interaction between classmates and the teacher. In this way, students’ experiences, knowledge and opinions are valued as a starting point for learning, thus contributing to the development of a critical and constructive attitude.
MACHADO, L. de P.; SILVA, A. S.; COSTA, R. F. da; FARIA, I. G. Metodologias ativas aplicadas em dois cursos técnicos pelos docentes no IFTO, Câmpus Palmas. Educação: Teoria e Prática, [S. l.], v. 32, n. 65, 2022 (adapted).

In light of the previous information, one activity that aligns with the assumptions of active methodologies is the use of
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Ano: 2024 Banca: INEP Órgão: INEP Prova: INEP - 2024 - INEP - Letras - Inglês |
Q4151682 Pedagogia
TEXT 1
An English teacher analyzes the written work of her class of basic level students and notices that some errors are recurrent, related to orthographic and/or phonological similarities to the mother tongue (L1), such as: (1) the transit in São Paulo is bad; (2) when she was a child, she studied at a public college; (3) I want to study a stranger language. The challenge for the teacher is to find strategies to facilitate the understanding and correction of these errors in order to help her students develop greater autonomy and awareness of them, as well as to promote more effective learning.

TEXT 2
Errors, once considered obstacles in behaviorist theory, are now recognized as an essential part of learning. This requires a pedagogical approach that values them as teaching tools and encourages students to learn from them and become autonomous in their correction and learning. If we want our students to become good fishermen, we need to use a correction method that teaches them how to fish without giving them the fish.
FIGUEIREDO, F. J. Q. Aprendendo com os erros – uma perspectiva comunicativa do ensino de línguas. 4ª edição: São Paulo: Parábola, 2023 (adapted).

In view of the information provided, the teacher should
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Ano: 2024 Banca: INEP Órgão: INEP Prova: INEP - 2024 - INEP - Letras - Inglês |
Q4151676 Pedagogia
Corrective feedback is any reaction by the teacher to demonstrate incorrect usage of language. There are six types of feedback corrections:

• explicit correction, which refers to the explicit provision of the correct form; • recast, which involves the teacher’s reformulation of all or part of a student’s utterance, minus the error;
• clarification requests, which indicate to students either that their utterance has been misunderstood by the teacher or that the utterance is ill-formed in some way;
• metalinguistic feedback, which contains either comments, information or questions related to the well-formedness of the student’s utterance;
• elicitation, where the teacher prompts the students to correct themselves by asking questions or pausing to allow them to complete the teacher’s utterance correctly;
• repetition, where the teacher repeats the student’s error, often with a change in intonation to highlight the mistake.

LYSTER, R.; RANTA, L. Corrective feedback and learner uptake: Negotiation of form in communicative classrooms. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, n. 19, p. 37-66, 1997 (adapted).



In an Elementary English class, the teacher asks the students to introduce themselves. The first student stands up and says, “Hi, my name is Carlos. I from Venezuela. I have 12 years old.” The teacher didn’t want to demotivate the students by pointing out the errors because he believes making errors is part of the learning process. So, he used a type of corrective feedback by saying, “I am from Venezuela. I am 12 years old.”
Considering this scenario, to correct the student’s utterance in Text 2, the teacher used a type of corrective feedback known as
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Ano: 2024 Banca: INEP Órgão: INEP Prova: INEP - 2024 - INEP - Letras - Inglês |
Q4151674 Pedagogia
A teacher has decided to focus on improving his students’ speaking skills through group discussions. The teacher believes that language learning is best achieved when students actively use the language in meaningful contexts. Therefore, he organizes activities that encourage interaction and communication among students and provides them with real-life scenarios to discuss and work on together, promoting the use of authentic language.

Which theoretical approach to language learning underlies this teacher’s decisions?
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Ano: 2024 Banca: INEP Órgão: INEP Prova: INEP - 2024 - INEP - Letras - Inglês |
Q4151662 Pedagogia
In a High School class, a group of students from different cultural backgrounds is learning English as an additional language. Among these students are Black English speakers, a dialect with its own grammar and vocabulary. The teacher recognizes the importance of working with linguistic diversity to promote inclusive language learning. As part of a collaborative interdisciplinary project, students were asked to work in pairs to do research about African Literature and texts with Black English expressions and idioms. After this, they would present their findings and discuss their impressions.
GARCÍA, O., FLORES, N., E WOODLEY, H. Transgressing monolingualism and bilingual dualities: education. Bern: Peter Lang, 2012 (adapted).

Based on the approach presented in the case study, we can state that
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Q3504890 Pedagogia
Identifique abaixo as afirmativas verdadeiras ( V ) e as falsas ( F ) sobre as competências específicas de Língua Inglesa, com base na Base Curricular Municipal de Concórdia.

( ) Identificar semelhanças e diferenças entre a Língua Inglesa e a Língua materna, vinculando-as a aspectos sociais, culturais e identitários, em uma relação essencial entre língua, cultura e identidade.
( ) Desenvolver a oralidade como foco central da compreensão do significado entre os falantes do idioma.
( ) Utilizar-se da Língua Inglesa, por meio do uso das variações linguísticas apresentadas pela mídia impressa e digital, como ferramenta de acesso ao mundo do trabalho.
( ) Fazer uso das novas tecnologias, com novas linguagens e modos de interação, para pesquisar, selecionar, compartilhar, posicionar-se e produzir sentidos em prática de letramento na Língua Inglesa.

Assinale a alternativa que indica a sequência correta, de cima para baixo.
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Respostas
201: A
202: C
203: A
204: A
205: B
206: D
207: C
208: C
209: C
210: B
211: B
212: A
213: D
214: C
215: D
216: B
217: A
218: D
219: A
220: B