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Considere a situação a seguir:
O(a) professor(a) de Língua Inglesa de uma escola pública municipal começa a aula pedindo aos alunos que escutem um diálogo em inglês e repitam após ele(a). Os alunos começam a se familiarizar com a pronúncia correta das palavras e a entonação da língua. Em seguida, a(o) professor(a) pede que os alunos realizem exercícios de repetição, para fixar o vocabulário aprendido. Ao final da aula, os alunos estão empolgados e confiantes para praticar a língua inglesa em situações cotidianas.
Podemos afirmar que o método empreendido pelo(a) professor(a) é o:
What is the process called when two sounds merge into one in connected speech, and which sound is often deleted or weakened in English phonology?
Which of the following options correctly represents the meaning of the phrasal verb "look up to"?
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder às questões de 21 a 25.
PUCKER UP I'm a dermatologist - you've been using lip balm all wrong - here's why your pout is still chapped
(1º§)YOU might be reaching for your lip balm more and more through these winter months. But are your lips still sore and chapped, no matter how much of the stuff you slather on? According to dermatology experts, the type of balm you put on your pout might be more important than the amount.
(2º§)Dr. Mona Gohara, an associate clinical professor of dermatology at the Yale School of Medicine, and Dr. Brendan Camp, a dermatologist at MDCS Dermatology in New York, told TODAY why some lip balms could do more harm than good.
(3º§)To start with, they discussed why your lips might be chapped in the first place. The cold weather can wreak havoc on them as the skin is very thin, so they're more likely to dry out, Dr Gohara said. Meanwhile, Dr Camp noted that the delicate skin of your pout can easily be irritated by ingredients in skincare or food, yeast or bacteria, and even enzymes in saliva.
(4º§)You might also not be giving them enough love: lot's of people forget about their lips when they're moisturising their face. But if your lips are dry and chapped not long after you apply your balm, you just might be using the wrong kind.
(5º§)Four things to avoid in a lip balm:
1.Tingly balms
2. Fragrances
3. Flavouring agents
4. Dyes
(6º§)Dr Camp said these might cause allergic contact dermatitis, a type of eczema triggered by contact with a particular substance. And if your lips are dry, cracked, red, scaly and itchy, you might have developed a sensitivity to an ingredient in your lip balm, he added. Moral of the story, check your lip balm ingredients.
(7º§)Since you're doing that, there are a few ingredients that will help hydrate your pout. Dr Camp said you want to look for ingredients that will help trap water in the skin while keeping it moisturized for a long period of time. "Ingredients like beeswax, olive oil, castor oil, coconut oil, and shea butter are often used for this purpose," he said.
(8º§)You should also be wearing a salve with SPF to protect your lips from the sun. Meanwhile, Dr Gohara said that your ideal balm will have a combination of humectants (like hyaluronic acid and glycerin), which draw moisture into the skin, and occlusives (such as shea butter and mineral oil), which lock moisture in.
(9º§)The NHS recommended you use one containing petroleum jelly or beeswax. It said: "Try a few different lip balms if one is not working for you - some people may be sensitive to some fragrances, dyes or cosmetic ingredients."
(10º§)As long as you're using the right type of balm, Dr Gohara said you can apply it multiple times a day. According to Dr Camp, it's best to put on lip balm once in the morning and once before bed. There are other ways of preventing dry lips too.
(11º§)Lisa Borg, skin specialist and nutritionist at the Pulse Light Clinc, said the best thing you can do is drink plenty of fluids throughout the day. Preferably quality water as opposed to dehydrating coffee and fizzy drinks, she noted.
(12º§)Lisa also recommended eating foods that simulate saliva production, such as apples, cucumbers, tomatoes, courgettes, watermelon, lemons, and crunchy fibrous vegetables like carrots and celery. Meanwhile, the NHS said you should wash your hands before applying lip balm and cover your lips with a scarf when you're outside in cold weather. If you're outdoors, use a balm with SPF 15 or more every two hours, it added.
(13º§)Common causes of dry lips: cold weather, dry air or wind; damage from the sun; dehydration; a lip injury; allergies; and lack of vitamins and minerals. If you have sore or dry lips, you should avoid: picking or biting any flaky skin on your lips - this can slow down healing; licking dry or cracked lips - this can make them sore; and sharing lip balms with other people - this can spread germs.
(adapted) -wwrongg-pu--chappeed .uk/health/21661055/dermatologist-using-lip-balm-wrong-pout-chapped/
Choose the alternative that presents an example of anaphora.
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder às questões de 21 a 25.
PUCKER UP I'm a dermatologist - you've been using lip balm all wrong - here's why your pout is still chapped
(1º§)YOU might be reaching for your lip balm more and more through these winter months. But are your lips still sore and chapped, no matter how much of the stuff you slather on? According to dermatology experts, the type of balm you put on your pout might be more important than the amount.
(2º§)Dr. Mona Gohara, an associate clinical professor of dermatology at the Yale School of Medicine, and Dr. Brendan Camp, a dermatologist at MDCS Dermatology in New York, told TODAY why some lip balms could do more harm than good.
(3º§)To start with, they discussed why your lips might be chapped in the first place. The cold weather can wreak havoc on them as the skin is very thin, so they're more likely to dry out, Dr Gohara said. Meanwhile, Dr Camp noted that the delicate skin of your pout can easily be irritated by ingredients in skincare or food, yeast or bacteria, and even enzymes in saliva.
(4º§)You might also not be giving them enough love: lot's of people forget about their lips when they're moisturising their face. But if your lips are dry and chapped not long after you apply your balm, you just might be using the wrong kind.
(5º§)Four things to avoid in a lip balm:
1.Tingly balms
2. Fragrances
3. Flavouring agents
4. Dyes
(6º§)Dr Camp said these might cause allergic contact dermatitis, a type of eczema triggered by contact with a particular substance. And if your lips are dry, cracked, red, scaly and itchy, you might have developed a sensitivity to an ingredient in your lip balm, he added. Moral of the story, check your lip balm ingredients.
(7º§)Since you're doing that, there are a few ingredients that will help hydrate your pout. Dr Camp said you want to look for ingredients that will help trap water in the skin while keeping it moisturized for a long period of time. "Ingredients like beeswax, olive oil, castor oil, coconut oil, and shea butter are often used for this purpose," he said.
(8º§)You should also be wearing a salve with SPF to protect your lips from the sun. Meanwhile, Dr Gohara said that your ideal balm will have a combination of humectants (like hyaluronic acid and glycerin), which draw moisture into the skin, and occlusives (such as shea butter and mineral oil), which lock moisture in.
(9º§)The NHS recommended you use one containing petroleum jelly or beeswax. It said: "Try a few different lip balms if one is not working for you - some people may be sensitive to some fragrances, dyes or cosmetic ingredients."
(10º§)As long as you're using the right type of balm, Dr Gohara said you can apply it multiple times a day. According to Dr Camp, it's best to put on lip balm once in the morning and once before bed. There are other ways of preventing dry lips too.
(11º§)Lisa Borg, skin specialist and nutritionist at the Pulse Light Clinc, said the best thing you can do is drink plenty of fluids throughout the day. Preferably quality water as opposed to dehydrating coffee and fizzy drinks, she noted.
(12º§)Lisa also recommended eating foods that simulate saliva production, such as apples, cucumbers, tomatoes, courgettes, watermelon, lemons, and crunchy fibrous vegetables like carrots and celery. Meanwhile, the NHS said you should wash your hands before applying lip balm and cover your lips with a scarf when you're outside in cold weather. If you're outdoors, use a balm with SPF 15 or more every two hours, it added.
(13º§)Common causes of dry lips: cold weather, dry air or wind; damage from the sun; dehydration; a lip injury; allergies; and lack of vitamins and minerals. If you have sore or dry lips, you should avoid: picking or biting any flaky skin on your lips - this can slow down healing; licking dry or cracked lips - this can make them sore; and sharing lip balms with other people - this can spread germs.
(adapted) -wwrongg-pu--chappeed .uk/health/21661055/dermatologist-using-lip-balm-wrong-pout-chapped/
Based on the text, what is the main cause of chapped lips during the winter months?
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder às questões de 21 a 25.
PUCKER UP I'm a dermatologist - you've been using lip balm all wrong - here's why your pout is still chapped
(1º§)YOU might be reaching for your lip balm more and more through these winter months. But are your lips still sore and chapped, no matter how much of the stuff you slather on? According to dermatology experts, the type of balm you put on your pout might be more important than the amount.
(2º§)Dr. Mona Gohara, an associate clinical professor of dermatology at the Yale School of Medicine, and Dr. Brendan Camp, a dermatologist at MDCS Dermatology in New York, told TODAY why some lip balms could do more harm than good.
(3º§)To start with, they discussed why your lips might be chapped in the first place. The cold weather can wreak havoc on them as the skin is very thin, so they're more likely to dry out, Dr Gohara said. Meanwhile, Dr Camp noted that the delicate skin of your pout can easily be irritated by ingredients in skincare or food, yeast or bacteria, and even enzymes in saliva.
(4º§)You might also not be giving them enough love: lot's of people forget about their lips when they're moisturising their face. But if your lips are dry and chapped not long after you apply your balm, you just might be using the wrong kind.
(5º§)Four things to avoid in a lip balm:
1.Tingly balms
2. Fragrances
3. Flavouring agents
4. Dyes
(6º§)Dr Camp said these might cause allergic contact dermatitis, a type of eczema triggered by contact with a particular substance. And if your lips are dry, cracked, red, scaly and itchy, you might have developed a sensitivity to an ingredient in your lip balm, he added. Moral of the story, check your lip balm ingredients.
(7º§)Since you're doing that, there are a few ingredients that will help hydrate your pout. Dr Camp said you want to look for ingredients that will help trap water in the skin while keeping it moisturized for a long period of time. "Ingredients like beeswax, olive oil, castor oil, coconut oil, and shea butter are often used for this purpose," he said.
(8º§)You should also be wearing a salve with SPF to protect your lips from the sun. Meanwhile, Dr Gohara said that your ideal balm will have a combination of humectants (like hyaluronic acid and glycerin), which draw moisture into the skin, and occlusives (such as shea butter and mineral oil), which lock moisture in.
(9º§)The NHS recommended you use one containing petroleum jelly or beeswax. It said: "Try a few different lip balms if one is not working for you - some people may be sensitive to some fragrances, dyes or cosmetic ingredients."
(10º§)As long as you're using the right type of balm, Dr Gohara said you can apply it multiple times a day. According to Dr Camp, it's best to put on lip balm once in the morning and once before bed. There are other ways of preventing dry lips too.
(11º§)Lisa Borg, skin specialist and nutritionist at the Pulse Light Clinc, said the best thing you can do is drink plenty of fluids throughout the day. Preferably quality water as opposed to dehydrating coffee and fizzy drinks, she noted.
(12º§)Lisa also recommended eating foods that simulate saliva production, such as apples, cucumbers, tomatoes, courgettes, watermelon, lemons, and crunchy fibrous vegetables like carrots and celery. Meanwhile, the NHS said you should wash your hands before applying lip balm and cover your lips with a scarf when you're outside in cold weather. If you're outdoors, use a balm with SPF 15 or more every two hours, it added.
(13º§)Common causes of dry lips: cold weather, dry air or wind; damage from the sun; dehydration; a lip injury; allergies; and lack of vitamins and minerals. If you have sore or dry lips, you should avoid: picking or biting any flaky skin on your lips - this can slow down healing; licking dry or cracked lips - this can make them sore; and sharing lip balms with other people - this can spread germs.
(adapted) -wwrongg-pu--chappeed .uk/health/21661055/dermatologist-using-lip-balm-wrong-pout-chapped/
According to the text, it is important for people to look for lip balm ingredients that:
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder às questões de 21 a 25.
PUCKER UP I'm a dermatologist - you've been using lip balm all wrong - here's why your pout is still chapped
(1º§)YOU might be reaching for your lip balm more and more through these winter months. But are your lips still sore and chapped, no matter how much of the stuff you slather on? According to dermatology experts, the type of balm you put on your pout might be more important than the amount.
(2º§)Dr. Mona Gohara, an associate clinical professor of dermatology at the Yale School of Medicine, and Dr. Brendan Camp, a dermatologist at MDCS Dermatology in New York, told TODAY why some lip balms could do more harm than good.
(3º§)To start with, they discussed why your lips might be chapped in the first place. The cold weather can wreak havoc on them as the skin is very thin, so they're more likely to dry out, Dr Gohara said. Meanwhile, Dr Camp noted that the delicate skin of your pout can easily be irritated by ingredients in skincare or food, yeast or bacteria, and even enzymes in saliva.
(4º§)You might also not be giving them enough love: lot's of people forget about their lips when they're moisturising their face. But if your lips are dry and chapped not long after you apply your balm, you just might be using the wrong kind.
(5º§)Four things to avoid in a lip balm:
1.Tingly balms
2. Fragrances
3. Flavouring agents
4. Dyes
(6º§)Dr Camp said these might cause allergic contact dermatitis, a type of eczema triggered by contact with a particular substance. And if your lips are dry, cracked, red, scaly and itchy, you might have developed a sensitivity to an ingredient in your lip balm, he added. Moral of the story, check your lip balm ingredients.
(7º§)Since you're doing that, there are a few ingredients that will help hydrate your pout. Dr Camp said you want to look for ingredients that will help trap water in the skin while keeping it moisturized for a long period of time. "Ingredients like beeswax, olive oil, castor oil, coconut oil, and shea butter are often used for this purpose," he said.
(8º§)You should also be wearing a salve with SPF to protect your lips from the sun. Meanwhile, Dr Gohara said that your ideal balm will have a combination of humectants (like hyaluronic acid and glycerin), which draw moisture into the skin, and occlusives (such as shea butter and mineral oil), which lock moisture in.
(9º§)The NHS recommended you use one containing petroleum jelly or beeswax. It said: "Try a few different lip balms if one is not working for you - some people may be sensitive to some fragrances, dyes or cosmetic ingredients."
(10º§)As long as you're using the right type of balm, Dr Gohara said you can apply it multiple times a day. According to Dr Camp, it's best to put on lip balm once in the morning and once before bed. There are other ways of preventing dry lips too.
(11º§)Lisa Borg, skin specialist and nutritionist at the Pulse Light Clinc, said the best thing you can do is drink plenty of fluids throughout the day. Preferably quality water as opposed to dehydrating coffee and fizzy drinks, she noted.
(12º§)Lisa also recommended eating foods that simulate saliva production, such as apples, cucumbers, tomatoes, courgettes, watermelon, lemons, and crunchy fibrous vegetables like carrots and celery. Meanwhile, the NHS said you should wash your hands before applying lip balm and cover your lips with a scarf when you're outside in cold weather. If you're outdoors, use a balm with SPF 15 or more every two hours, it added.
(13º§)Common causes of dry lips: cold weather, dry air or wind; damage from the sun; dehydration; a lip injury; allergies; and lack of vitamins and minerals. If you have sore or dry lips, you should avoid: picking or biting any flaky skin on your lips - this can slow down healing; licking dry or cracked lips - this can make them sore; and sharing lip balms with other people - this can spread germs.
(adapted) -wwrongg-pu--chappeed .uk/health/21661055/dermatologist-using-lip-balm-wrong-pout-chapped/
Which of the following options correctly identifies the grammatical function of "licking dry or cracked lips" (13º paragraph) in the given text?
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder às questões de 21 a 25.
PUCKER UP I'm a dermatologist - you've been using lip balm all wrong - here's why your pout is still chapped
(1º§)YOU might be reaching for your lip balm more and more through these winter months. But are your lips still sore and chapped, no matter how much of the stuff you slather on? According to dermatology experts, the type of balm you put on your pout might be more important than the amount.
(2º§)Dr. Mona Gohara, an associate clinical professor of dermatology at the Yale School of Medicine, and Dr. Brendan Camp, a dermatologist at MDCS Dermatology in New York, told TODAY why some lip balms could do more harm than good.
(3º§)To start with, they discussed why your lips might be chapped in the first place. The cold weather can wreak havoc on them as the skin is very thin, so they're more likely to dry out, Dr Gohara said. Meanwhile, Dr Camp noted that the delicate skin of your pout can easily be irritated by ingredients in skincare or food, yeast or bacteria, and even enzymes in saliva.
(4º§)You might also not be giving them enough love: lot's of people forget about their lips when they're moisturising their face. But if your lips are dry and chapped not long after you apply your balm, you just might be using the wrong kind.
(5º§)Four things to avoid in a lip balm:
1.Tingly balms
2. Fragrances
3. Flavouring agents
4. Dyes
(6º§)Dr Camp said these might cause allergic contact dermatitis, a type of eczema triggered by contact with a particular substance. And if your lips are dry, cracked, red, scaly and itchy, you might have developed a sensitivity to an ingredient in your lip balm, he added. Moral of the story, check your lip balm ingredients.
(7º§)Since you're doing that, there are a few ingredients that will help hydrate your pout. Dr Camp said you want to look for ingredients that will help trap water in the skin while keeping it moisturized for a long period of time. "Ingredients like beeswax, olive oil, castor oil, coconut oil, and shea butter are often used for this purpose," he said.
(8º§)You should also be wearing a salve with SPF to protect your lips from the sun. Meanwhile, Dr Gohara said that your ideal balm will have a combination of humectants (like hyaluronic acid and glycerin), which draw moisture into the skin, and occlusives (such as shea butter and mineral oil), which lock moisture in.
(9º§)The NHS recommended you use one containing petroleum jelly or beeswax. It said: "Try a few different lip balms if one is not working for you - some people may be sensitive to some fragrances, dyes or cosmetic ingredients."
(10º§)As long as you're using the right type of balm, Dr Gohara said you can apply it multiple times a day. According to Dr Camp, it's best to put on lip balm once in the morning and once before bed. There are other ways of preventing dry lips too.
(11º§)Lisa Borg, skin specialist and nutritionist at the Pulse Light Clinc, said the best thing you can do is drink plenty of fluids throughout the day. Preferably quality water as opposed to dehydrating coffee and fizzy drinks, she noted.
(12º§)Lisa also recommended eating foods that simulate saliva production, such as apples, cucumbers, tomatoes, courgettes, watermelon, lemons, and crunchy fibrous vegetables like carrots and celery. Meanwhile, the NHS said you should wash your hands before applying lip balm and cover your lips with a scarf when you're outside in cold weather. If you're outdoors, use a balm with SPF 15 or more every two hours, it added.
(13º§)Common causes of dry lips: cold weather, dry air or wind; damage from the sun; dehydration; a lip injury; allergies; and lack of vitamins and minerals. If you have sore or dry lips, you should avoid: picking or biting any flaky skin on your lips - this can slow down healing; licking dry or cracked lips - this can make them sore; and sharing lip balms with other people - this can spread germs.
(adapted) -wwrongg-pu--chappeed .uk/health/21661055/dermatologist-using-lip-balm-wrong-pout-chapped/
According to the text, it is correct to say that:
De acordo com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, as relações de trabalho envolvendo a Administração Pública direta e indireta são regidas por princípios e regras específicas. Com base na Constituição Federal de 1988, na Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (CLT) e em legislação complementar pertinente, avalie o cenário a seguir:
A Prefeitura de Alvorada, após processo licitatório, contrata a empresa Construtora Novo Milênio Ltda. para a realização de obras de infraestrutura urbana. Durante a execução do contrato, Joana, empregada da Construtora Novo Milênio Ltda. e alocada exclusivamente na obra contratada pela Prefeitura, sofre um acidente de trabalho. Joana busca reparação e alega que a Prefeitura de Alvorada deveria ser responsabilizada solidariamente pelos danos sofridos, dada a sua condição de tomadora dos serviços.
Considerando as disposições legais aplicáveis, identifique a alternativa correta quanto à responsabilidade da Prefeitura de Alvorada no caso de Joana:
O regime disciplinar dos servidores públicos federais é regido pela Lei nº 8.112/1990, que estabelece as normas sobre sindicância e processo administrativo disciplinar. Considerando as disposições legais sobre o tema, analise o cenário hipotético a seguir:
Um servidor público federal, ocupante de cargo efetivo no Ministério da Infraestrutura, é acusado de cometer uma infração administrativa de natureza grave, supostamente tendo utilizado veículo oficial para fins particulares em diversas ocasiões. Diante dessa acusação, a autoridade competente instaura uma sindicância para apurar os fatos. Durante a sindicância, surgem indícios de que o servidor também pode ter se envolvido em atos de corrupção relacionados à alocação de recursos de obras públicas. A autoridade responsável pela sindicância decide, então, converter imediatamente a sindicância em um processo administrativo disciplinar (PAD).
Com base na Lei nº 8.112/1990, indique a alternativa correta sobre a conversão de sindicância em PAD e as medidas apropriadas a serem tomadas pela autoridade competente:
No contexto do Direito do Trabalho, a Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (CLT) regula as relações e os contratos de trabalho no Brasil. À luz da CLT e das normativas pertinentes, analise o caso hipotético a seguir:
Carlos, servidor público municipal, foi contratado sob o regime estatutário. Contudo, ele alega que, além de suas funções típicas de servidor, exercia atividades em caráter não eventual para a prefeitura, sob subordinação e dependência, que extrapolavam as atribuições de seu cargo público, recebendo por estas um adicional em sua remuneração. Carlos pleiteia o reconhecimento de vínculo empregatício por essas atividades extras, a fim de receber os benefícios trabalhistas correspondentes, como FGTS e horas extras.
Baseando-se na legislação trabalhista e no entendimento dos tribunais superiores, assinale a alternativa correta:
Considerando os princípios do Processo Constitucional, o Processo Legislativo e a Tripartição dos Poderes no contexto do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, analise o seguinte cenário fictício:
Em julho de 2023, o Congresso Nacional do Brasil aprovou uma Emenda Constitucional que introduzia uma nova forma de deliberação legislativa. Segundo essa emenda, projetos de lei que tratassem de matéria econômica relevante poderiam ser convertidos em lei mediante um processo acelerado caso obtivessem a aprovação de 3/5 dos membros de cada Casa do Congresso em uma única votação, sem a necessidade de uma segunda discussão ou votação. O Presidente da República, ao tomar conhecimento dessa emenda, vetou-a integralmente, argumentando que o processo acelerado violava princípios constitucionais. O veto presidencial gerou uma crise institucional, com debates acalorados sobre a constitucionalidade da nova forma de deliberação legislativa e os limites da intervenção presidencial.
Com base no cenário descrito, indique a alternativa correta sobre a constitucionalidade da Emenda Constitucional e a atuação do Presidente da República:
A distinção entre prescrição e decadência é essencial para a compreensão dos prazos para o exercício de direitos no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. O Código Civil (Lei nº 10.406/2002) estabelece regras específicas para cada instituto. Levando em consideração os dispositivos legais pertinentes, analise a seguinte situação hipotética:
Em janeiro de 2018, Mariana adquiriu um veículo zero quilômetro de uma concessionária. Em janeiro de 2021, ela descobriu que o veículo possuía um defeito oculto, que reduzia significativamente seu desempenho e segurança. Mariana, então, pretende ajuizar uma ação exigindo a substituição do veículo por outro da mesma espécie, em perfeitas condições de uso. A concessionária, por sua vez, argumenta que o prazo para a reclamação de Mariana já se esgotou.
Com base no Código Civil, assinale a alternativa correta sobre a situação de Mariana:
Tendo em consideração os Princípios Fundamentais expressos na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil, analise as situações hipotéticas a seguir e indique qual delas viola de forma mais evidente o Princípio da Indissolubilidade da Federação:
I.O Estado de Xerém, visando a promover o desenvolvimento econômico regional, decreta unilateralmente a redução da alíquota do ICMS sobre produtos industrializados fabricados no seu território, sem a celebração de acordo no âmbito do CONFAZ, causando desequilíbrio competitivo com os demais estados.
II.O Município de Cachoeira Alta, diante de um impasse com o Governo Estadual sobre a gestão de recursos hídricos, proclama a sua "independência administrativa", recusando-se a seguir as diretrizes estaduais e federais sobre a matéria.
III.O Estado de Novo Horizonte promulga uma Constituição Estadual que, apesar de observar as normas e princípios estabelecidos na Constituição Federal, prevê uma bandeira e um hino estadual distintos.
IV.O Governo Federal, por meio de decreto, intervém na administração do Estado de Sol Luminoso, alegando graves violações de direitos humanos, sem que tenha sido constatada qualquer situação de desordem ou solicitação de auxílio por parte das autoridades estaduais.
V.O Estado de Mar Azul, em um ato de seu governador, decide implementar um programa de passaporte próprio para seus cidadãos, como medida para promover o turismo interno e estabelecer controles de segurança mais rigorosos nas suas fronteiras estaduais.
A alternativa que melhor representa a violação ao Princípio da Indissolubilidade da Federação é:
No âmbito do Direito Processual Civil, a Lei nº 9.099/1995 instituiu os Juizados Especiais Cíveis e Criminais, proporcionando um procedimento mais célere e informal para a resolução de conflitos de menor complexidade. Levando em conta as especificidades desse sistema, examine o seguinte caso concreto:
A Prefeitura de Bela Vista, ao buscar a cobrança de créditos tributários de pequeno valor de diversos contribuintes inadimplentes, avalia a possibilidade de ajuizar as ações pertinentes perante o Juizado Especial da Fazenda Pública. As dívidas, individualmente consideradas, não excedem 40 salários-mínimos, limite estabelecido pela Lei nº 12.153/2009 para a competência dos Juizados Especiais da Fazenda Pública. Contudo, há uma preocupação quanto à efetividade e à admissibilidade desse procedimento, dada a natureza dos créditos e o possível volume de ações.
Com base na legislação vigente, identifique a alternativa correta sobre a atuação da Prefeitura de Bela Vista:
O Código Tributário Nacional (CTN), Lei nº 5.172/1966, estabelece o sistema tributário nacional e define a classificação dos tributos, diferenciando-os conforme sua natureza jurídica, fato gerador e base de cálculo, entre outros critérios. Analisando as disposições do CTN e os princípios constitucionais tributários, avalie o cenário hipotético a seguir para determinar a correta classificação do tributo proposto:
Em janeiro de 2024, um município brasileiro instituiu, por meio de lei complementar municipal, uma contribuição de melhoria com o objetivo de custear a expansão do sistema viário local. A contribuição incidiria sobre os proprietários de imóveis que se valorizassem em razão das obras públicas. No entanto, a mesma lei complementar previa que a contribuição seria cobrada de todos os proprietários de imóveis do município, independentemente da comprovação de valorização imobiliária específica resultante das obras.
Com base nessa situação, indique a alternativa correta sobre a natureza jurídica da cobrança instituída pelo município:
Considerando a Organização do Estado na Constituição Federal Brasileira, avalie a situação real a seguir:
Em março de 2023, o Estado de São Gonçalo, diante de um cenário de crise financeira e de saúde pública, elaborou uma proposta de emenda à sua Constituição Estadual que permitiria a instituição de um imposto sobre grandes fortunas, a ser cobrado exclusivamente dentro dos limites do estado. O objetivo declarado era financiar a recuperação do sistema de saúde estadual e aliviar o orçamento público, fortemente impactado por uma recente pandemia.
Sobre a proposta de emenda à Constituição Estadual do Estado de São Gonçalo, assinale a alternativa correta:
No âmbito do Direito Tributário, a competência tributária é distribuída entre a União, os Estados, o Distrito Federal e os Municípios, de acordo com a Constituição Federal de 1988. Essa distribuição é crucial para entender a repartição das receitas tributárias e a autonomia de cada ente federativo. Diante disso, analise o caso a seguir:
O Município de Solário, buscando incrementar suas receitas, instituiu por lei municipal um tributo denominado "Taxa de Iluminação Pública Extraordinária" (TIPE), que seria cobrada junto à conta de energia elétrica dos consumidores, com a justificativa de custear a expansão e manutenção extraordinária da rede de iluminação pública, além dos serviços regulares já cobertos pela Contribuição para o Custeio do Serviço de Iluminação Pública (COSIP). Contribuintes do município questionaram a validade da TIPE, alegando possível bitributação.
Com base na Constituição Federal e no Código Tributário Nacional (Lei nº 5.172/1966), assinale a alternativa correta sobre a validade da TIPE:
O artigo 12 da Lei Municipal n.º 908/1998 estabelece uma hierarquia de fontes para a aplicação da legislação tributária municipal na ausência de disposição expressa. Considerando os limites constitucionais e legais da interpretação e aplicação do direito tributário, analise o caso hipotético a seguir e assinale a alternativa correta:
A Prefeitura de Ilhota, diante de uma lacuna na legislação tributária municipal sobre o cálculo do Imposto sobre a Propriedade Predial e Territorial Urbana (IPTU) em imóveis com características ambientais especiais, busca um método de interpretação para o preenchimento dessa lacuna. O Fiscal de Tributos Municipais propõe uma interpretação analógica baseada no Imposto sobre a Propriedade Territorial Rural (ITR), que contém disposições específicas para áreas de preservação ambiental, resultando em um aumento da carga tributária para esses imóveis urbanos.
Com base no artigo supramencionado e nos limites constitucionais, escolha a alternativa correta:
O Código de Processo Penal (Decreto-Lei nº 3.689/1941) estabelece regras e princípios que regem a ação penal no sistema jurídico brasileiro. Considerando a legislação processual penal e o cenário hipotético a seguir, avalie as alternativas apresentadas e assinale a correta:
Durante uma investigação realizada pela Polícia Civil, constatou-se a existência de um esquema de corrupção envolvendo diversos servidores públicos municipais, incluindo o prefeito da cidade de Vila Nova. O Ministério Público foi notificado e, após análise dos elementos informativos colhidos na fase inquisitorial, verificou-se a presença de indícios suficientes de autoria e materialidade delitiva. Entretanto, o delito imputado ao prefeito é de ação penal pública condicionada à representação, e o prazo legal para o oferecimento da representação pelo ofendido ainda não se esgotou.
Com base no exposto, qual é a medida processual mais adequada a ser tomada pelo Ministério Público?
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