Questões Militares Comentadas para aspirante da polícia militar (médio)

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Q965817 Direito Administrativo
No que concerne ao Direito Administrativo, assinale a alternativa correta.
Alternativas
Q965816 Direito Administrativo

Nos termos do Decreto-Lei nº 200/67, a Administração Federal é composta pela Administração Direta, que se constitui dos serviços integrados na estrutura administrativa da Presidência da República e dos Ministérios, e pela Administração Indireta, que compreende as Autarquias, as Empresas Públicas, as Sociedades de Economia Mista e as Fundações Públicas, todas dotadas de personalidade jurídica própria.


Em relação à temática, assinale a alternativa correta.

Alternativas
Q965815 Direito Administrativo
Pode-se conceituar ato administrativo como a declaração do Estado ou de quem o represente, a qual produz efeitos jurídicos imediatos, com observância da lei, sob regime de direito público e sujeita a controle pelo Poder Judiciário. Nesse contexto, assinale a alternativa INCORRETA considerando os diversos critérios para classificar os atos administrativos.
Alternativas
Q965814 Direito Administrativo

Licitação remete à ideia de disputa isonômica, ao fim da qual será selecionada a proposta mais vantajosa aos interesses da administração com vistas à celebração de um contrato administrativo entre ela e o particular vencedor do certame, para a realização de obras, serviços, concessões, permissões, compras, alienações ou locações.


Sobre o assunto e considerando as disposições da Lei nº 8.666/93, assinale a alternativa correta.

Alternativas
Q965813 Legislação Estadual
Referente à Constituição do Estado de Santa Catarina, assinale a alternativa correta.
Alternativas
Q965812 Legislação Estadual
Assinale a alternativa correta considerando a Constituição do Estado de Santa Catarina.
Alternativas
Q965811 Direito Constitucional
De acordo com a Constituição Federal, assinale a alternativa correta.
Alternativas
Q965810 Direito Constitucional
Consoante às disposições contidas na Constituição Federal acerca do estado de defesa e estado de sítio, assinale a alternativa correta.
Alternativas
Q965809 Direito Constitucional
Assinale a alternativa correta tendo em vista a Constituição Federal.
Alternativas
Q965808 Direito Constitucional

Nacionalidade é o vínculo jurídico político que liga um indivíduo a um certo e determinado Estado, fazendo desse indivíduo um componente do povo, da dimensão pessoal desse Estado, capacitando-o a exigir sua proteção e sujeitando-o ao cumprimento de deveres impostos.


Em relação à nacionalidade, assinale a alternativa correta.

Alternativas
Q965807 Direito Constitucional

O Supremo Tribunal Federal, órgão máximo do Poder Judiciário brasileiro, compõe-se de onze Ministros, escolhidos dentre cidadãos com mais de trinta e cinco e menos de sessenta e cinco anos de idade, de notável saber jurídico e reputação ilibada, os quais são nomeados pelo Presidente da República, depois de aprovada a escolha pela maioria absoluta do Senado Federal.


Concernente às competências do STF, incumbe-lhe processar e julgar, originariamente, EXCETO

Alternativas
Q965806 Direito Constitucional

A Constituição Federal, visando, principalmente, evitar o arbítrio e o desrespeito aos direitos fundamentais do homem, previu a existência dos Poderes do Estado e da Instituição do Ministério Público, independentes e harmônicos entre si, repartindo entre eles as funções estatais e prevendo prerrogativas e imunidades para que bem pudessem exercê-las, bem como criando mecanismos de controles recíprocos, sempre como garantia da perpetuidade do Estado democrático de Direito.


No tocante à organização dos poderes, assinale a alternativa correta.

Alternativas
Q949372 Inglês
O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

Ancient dreams of intelligent machines: 3,000 years of robots

    The French philosopher René Descartes was reputedly fond of automata: they inspired his view that living things were biological machines that function like clockwork. Less known is a strange story that began to circulate after the philosopher’s death in 1650. This centred on Descartes’s daughter Francine, who died of scarlet fever at the age of five.
    According to the tale, a distraught Descartes had a clockwork Francine made: a walking, talking simulacrum. When Queen Christina invited the philosopher to Sweden in 1649, he sailed with the automaton concealed in a casket. Suspicious sailors forced the trunk open; when the mechanical child sat up to greet them, the horrified crew threw it overboard.
    The story is probably apocryphal. But it sums up the hopes and fears that have been associated with human-like machines for nearly three millennia. Those who build such devices do so in the hope that they will overcome natural limits – in Descartes’s case, death itself. But this very unnaturalness terrifies and repulses others. In our era of advanced robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), those polarized responses persist, with pundits and the public applauding or warning against each advance. Digging into the deep history of intelligent machines, both real and imagined, we see how these attitudes evolved: from fantasies of trusty mechanical helpers to fears that runaway advances in technology might lead to creatures that supersede humanity itself.

(Disponível em: <https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05773-y>.)
According to the text, it is correct to say:
Alternativas
Q949371 Inglês
O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

Ancient dreams of intelligent machines: 3,000 years of robots

    The French philosopher René Descartes was reputedly fond of automata: they inspired his view that living things were biological machines that function like clockwork. Less known is a strange story that began to circulate after the philosopher’s death in 1650. This centred on Descartes’s daughter Francine, who died of scarlet fever at the age of five.
    According to the tale, a distraught Descartes had a clockwork Francine made: a walking, talking simulacrum. When Queen Christina invited the philosopher to Sweden in 1649, he sailed with the automaton concealed in a casket. Suspicious sailors forced the trunk open; when the mechanical child sat up to greet them, the horrified crew threw it overboard.
    The story is probably apocryphal. But it sums up the hopes and fears that have been associated with human-like machines for nearly three millennia. Those who build such devices do so in the hope that they will overcome natural limits – in Descartes’s case, death itself. But this very unnaturalness terrifies and repulses others. In our era of advanced robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), those polarized responses persist, with pundits and the public applauding or warning against each advance. Digging into the deep history of intelligent machines, both real and imagined, we see how these attitudes evolved: from fantasies of trusty mechanical helpers to fears that runaway advances in technology might lead to creatures that supersede humanity itself.

(Disponível em: <https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05773-y>.)
In the sentence “Those who build such devices do so in the hope that they will overcome natural limits …”, the underlined word refers to:
Alternativas
Q949370 Inglês
O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

Ancient dreams of intelligent machines: 3,000 years of robots

    The French philosopher René Descartes was reputedly fond of automata: they inspired his view that living things were biological machines that function like clockwork. Less known is a strange story that began to circulate after the philosopher’s death in 1650. This centred on Descartes’s daughter Francine, who died of scarlet fever at the age of five.
    According to the tale, a distraught Descartes had a clockwork Francine made: a walking, talking simulacrum. When Queen Christina invited the philosopher to Sweden in 1649, he sailed with the automaton concealed in a casket. Suspicious sailors forced the trunk open; when the mechanical child sat up to greet them, the horrified crew threw it overboard.
    The story is probably apocryphal. But it sums up the hopes and fears that have been associated with human-like machines for nearly three millennia. Those who build such devices do so in the hope that they will overcome natural limits – in Descartes’s case, death itself. But this very unnaturalness terrifies and repulses others. In our era of advanced robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), those polarized responses persist, with pundits and the public applauding or warning against each advance. Digging into the deep history of intelligent machines, both real and imagined, we see how these attitudes evolved: from fantasies of trusty mechanical helpers to fears that runaway advances in technology might lead to creatures that supersede humanity itself.

(Disponível em: <https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05773-y>.)
A partir das informações apresentadas no texto, considere as seguintes afirmativas:
1. Descartes viajou para a Suécia com um robô escondido. 2. Os marinheiros abriram à força um baú que continha o simulacro de uma criança. 3. A tripulação fez uma apresentação do robô para os passageiros do navio. 4. Chocados com o que viram, os marinheiros jogaram o humanoide ao mar.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
Alternativas
Q949369 Inglês
O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

Ancient dreams of intelligent machines: 3,000 years of robots

    The French philosopher René Descartes was reputedly fond of automata: they inspired his view that living things were biological machines that function like clockwork. Less known is a strange story that began to circulate after the philosopher’s death in 1650. This centred on Descartes’s daughter Francine, who died of scarlet fever at the age of five.
    According to the tale, a distraught Descartes had a clockwork Francine made: a walking, talking simulacrum. When Queen Christina invited the philosopher to Sweden in 1649, he sailed with the automaton concealed in a casket. Suspicious sailors forced the trunk open; when the mechanical child sat up to greet them, the horrified crew threw it overboard.
    The story is probably apocryphal. But it sums up the hopes and fears that have been associated with human-like machines for nearly three millennia. Those who build such devices do so in the hope that they will overcome natural limits – in Descartes’s case, death itself. But this very unnaturalness terrifies and repulses others. In our era of advanced robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), those polarized responses persist, with pundits and the public applauding or warning against each advance. Digging into the deep history of intelligent machines, both real and imagined, we see how these attitudes evolved: from fantasies of trusty mechanical helpers to fears that runaway advances in technology might lead to creatures that supersede humanity itself.

(Disponível em: <https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05773-y>.)
In the sentence “This centred on Descartes’s daughter Francine, who died of scarlet fever …”, the underlined word refers to the:
Alternativas
Q949368 Inglês
O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

Ancient dreams of intelligent machines: 3,000 years of robots

    The French philosopher René Descartes was reputedly fond of automata: they inspired his view that living things were biological machines that function like clockwork. Less known is a strange story that began to circulate after the philosopher’s death in 1650. This centred on Descartes’s daughter Francine, who died of scarlet fever at the age of five.
    According to the tale, a distraught Descartes had a clockwork Francine made: a walking, talking simulacrum. When Queen Christina invited the philosopher to Sweden in 1649, he sailed with the automaton concealed in a casket. Suspicious sailors forced the trunk open; when the mechanical child sat up to greet them, the horrified crew threw it overboard.
    The story is probably apocryphal. But it sums up the hopes and fears that have been associated with human-like machines for nearly three millennia. Those who build such devices do so in the hope that they will overcome natural limits – in Descartes’s case, death itself. But this very unnaturalness terrifies and repulses others. In our era of advanced robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), those polarized responses persist, with pundits and the public applauding or warning against each advance. Digging into the deep history of intelligent machines, both real and imagined, we see how these attitudes evolved: from fantasies of trusty mechanical helpers to fears that runaway advances in technology might lead to creatures that supersede humanity itself.

(Disponível em: <https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05773-y>.)
According to the text, it is correct to say that René Descartes:
Alternativas
Q949367 Inglês
O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

More than 100 South African gold miners treated for smoke inhalation

    JOHANNESBURG (Reuters) – Hundreds of South African gold mine workers were rescued and over 100 treated for smoke inhalation after an underground fire, the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) said on Thursday.
    Safety is a huge issue in South Africa’s dangerous deep-level mines and a focus for investors. A spate of deaths at SibanyeStillwater’s gold operations, including a seismic event that killed seven miners in early May, has highlighted the risks.
    In the latest incident, more than 600 miners were initially trapped after a fire broke out at a mine east of Johannesburg operated by unlisted Gold One, NUM said.
    This comes almost two weeks after five miners died in an underground fire at a South African copper mine operated by unlisted Palabora Mining Company in Limpopo.
    Company officials could not immediately be reached for comment.
    “As the NUM, we vehemently condemn this kind of incident as it is becoming a trend”, the union said in a statement.

(Disponível em: <https://www.reuters.com/article/us-safrica-mining-fire/more-than-100-south-african-gold-miners-treated-for-smoke-inhalation-idUS KBN1KG294>.)
De acordo com o texto, é correto afirmar:
Alternativas
Q949366 Inglês
O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

More than 100 South African gold miners treated for smoke inhalation

    JOHANNESBURG (Reuters) – Hundreds of South African gold mine workers were rescued and over 100 treated for smoke inhalation after an underground fire, the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) said on Thursday.
    Safety is a huge issue in South Africa’s dangerous deep-level mines and a focus for investors. A spate of deaths at SibanyeStillwater’s gold operations, including a seismic event that killed seven miners in early May, has highlighted the risks.
    In the latest incident, more than 600 miners were initially trapped after a fire broke out at a mine east of Johannesburg operated by unlisted Gold One, NUM said.
    This comes almost two weeks after five miners died in an underground fire at a South African copper mine operated by unlisted Palabora Mining Company in Limpopo.
    Company officials could not immediately be reached for comment.
    “As the NUM, we vehemently condemn this kind of incident as it is becoming a trend”, the union said in a statement.

(Disponível em: <https://www.reuters.com/article/us-safrica-mining-fire/more-than-100-south-african-gold-miners-treated-for-smoke-inhalation-idUS KBN1KG294>.)
Gold One and Palabora Mining Company operate South African mines. Both companies have one aspect in common: they are unlisted. This means that these companies:
Alternativas
Q949365 Inglês
O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

More than 100 South African gold miners treated for smoke inhalation

    JOHANNESBURG (Reuters) – Hundreds of South African gold mine workers were rescued and over 100 treated for smoke inhalation after an underground fire, the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) said on Thursday.
    Safety is a huge issue in South Africa’s dangerous deep-level mines and a focus for investors. A spate of deaths at SibanyeStillwater’s gold operations, including a seismic event that killed seven miners in early May, has highlighted the risks.
    In the latest incident, more than 600 miners were initially trapped after a fire broke out at a mine east of Johannesburg operated by unlisted Gold One, NUM said.
    This comes almost two weeks after five miners died in an underground fire at a South African copper mine operated by unlisted Palabora Mining Company in Limpopo.
    Company officials could not immediately be reached for comment.
    “As the NUM, we vehemently condemn this kind of incident as it is becoming a trend”, the union said in a statement.

(Disponível em: <https://www.reuters.com/article/us-safrica-mining-fire/more-than-100-south-african-gold-miners-treated-for-smoke-inhalation-idUS KBN1KG294>.)
According to the information reported by the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM), hundreds of South African mine workers:
Alternativas
Respostas
221: E
222: A
223: B
224: C
225: E
226: E
227: C
228: D
229: A
230: D
231: C
232: B
233: C
234: B
235: E
236: D
237: B
238: D
239: A
240: C