Questões Militares Sobre inglês

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Q3736274 Inglês
TEXT II


Read the text below and answer question.


Chinese divers surrounded by sharks


Jan 03, 2025 


[1] Nine Chinese individuals, including seven tourists and two diving instructors, went missing while diving in Palau on December 26.


[2] Experienced diving instructor Liu Xin and another diving guide took seven Chinese tourists to dive on December 26 around 9:30 am. As the dive was coming to an end, Liu sent a signal to the surface. Typically, after seeing the signal, the captain would slowly maneuver the boat to follow the divers, allowing them to board once they floated off. __________ when they surfaced, they could not locate the boat.


[3] They couid only float in the sea for nearly three hours, believing that someone would come to rescue them, but the ocean current changed direction, and they were swept by currents into an area between two islands. At that point, a new threat emerged. The underwater terrain shifted, and the most physically fit diver among the nine felt as if he had stepped on something. Liu looked down and noticed that a bull shark was circling around his feet, along with six other sharks nearby.

[4] Liu swiftly assembled everyone to make themselves appear larger as most wild animals typically target creatures that are smaller and tend to avoid approaching larger groups. Fortunately, with Liu and the entire team huddled together, the sharks refrained from acting aggressively, and they avoided any danger.


[5] By evening, they had gone nearly 11 hours without food. To conserve their energy, they used their diving masks to collect rainwater and drank it to stay hydrated. After spending too much time in the water, they started to feel cold, so they used their buoyancy devices to hold each other to stay together and preserve warmth. And, to prevent falling asleep and risking hypothermia, they took turns calling out their numbers every 30 minutes to stay alert.


[6] After drifting in the water for about 27 hours, a rescue boat located the nine individuals.


[7] "Alli nine Chinese citizens who went missing while diving in Palau have been rescued and are reported to be in stable condition", the Chinese Embassy in the Federated States of Micronesia said on Friday.


[8] Liu said that the key reasons for their safe return included the selfless assistance from fellow travelers, the favorable ocean currents that kept them in proximity to their initial location, and, most importantly, the excellent physical condition and positive attitude of the group. "Throughout those 20-plus hours, we maintained a lighthearted atmosphere, chatting and laughing without any complaints," Liu said.


(Adapted from https://www.globaltimes.cn)
Mark the option that completes the following sentence from text II correctly: ___________, when they surfaced, they could not locate the boat." (paragraph 2).
Alternativas
Q3736273 Inglês
TEXT II


Read the text below and answer question.


Chinese divers surrounded by sharks


Jan 03, 2025 


[1] Nine Chinese individuals, including seven tourists and two diving instructors, went missing while diving in Palau on December 26.


[2] Experienced diving instructor Liu Xin and another diving guide took seven Chinese tourists to dive on December 26 around 9:30 am. As the dive was coming to an end, Liu sent a signal to the surface. Typically, after seeing the signal, the captain would slowly maneuver the boat to follow the divers, allowing them to board once they floated off. __________ when they surfaced, they could not locate the boat.


[3] They couid only float in the sea for nearly three hours, believing that someone would come to rescue them, but the ocean current changed direction, and they were swept by currents into an area between two islands. At that point, a new threat emerged. The underwater terrain shifted, and the most physically fit diver among the nine felt as if he had stepped on something. Liu looked down and noticed that a bull shark was circling around his feet, along with six other sharks nearby.

[4] Liu swiftly assembled everyone to make themselves appear larger as most wild animals typically target creatures that are smaller and tend to avoid approaching larger groups. Fortunately, with Liu and the entire team huddled together, the sharks refrained from acting aggressively, and they avoided any danger.


[5] By evening, they had gone nearly 11 hours without food. To conserve their energy, they used their diving masks to collect rainwater and drank it to stay hydrated. After spending too much time in the water, they started to feel cold, so they used their buoyancy devices to hold each other to stay together and preserve warmth. And, to prevent falling asleep and risking hypothermia, they took turns calling out their numbers every 30 minutes to stay alert.


[6] After drifting in the water for about 27 hours, a rescue boat located the nine individuals.


[7] "Alli nine Chinese citizens who went missing while diving in Palau have been rescued and are reported to be in stable condition", the Chinese Embassy in the Federated States of Micronesia said on Friday.


[8] Liu said that the key reasons for their safe return included the selfless assistance from fellow travelers, the favorable ocean currents that kept them in proximity to their initial location, and, most importantly, the excellent physical condition and positive attitude of the group. "Throughout those 20-plus hours, we maintained a lighthearted atmosphere, chatting and laughing without any complaints," Liu said.


(Adapted from https://www.globaltimes.cn)
Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F) according to text II. Then, mark the option that contains the right sequence.

( ) The nine people who went missing were inexperienced divers.
( ) Despite the difficulties, the divers were able to collect and drink rainwater.
( ) The divers were surrounded by a dozen sharks.
( ) The sharks did not injure the divers.
( ) After about 27 hours, the divers were finally rescued by the captain of their boat.
Alternativas
Q3736272 Inglês
TEXT II


Read the text below and answer question.


Chinese divers surrounded by sharks


Jan 03, 2025 


[1] Nine Chinese individuals, including seven tourists and two diving instructors, went missing while diving in Palau on December 26.


[2] Experienced diving instructor Liu Xin and another diving guide took seven Chinese tourists to dive on December 26 around 9:30 am. As the dive was coming to an end, Liu sent a signal to the surface. Typically, after seeing the signal, the captain would slowly maneuver the boat to follow the divers, allowing them to board once they floated off. __________ when they surfaced, they could not locate the boat.


[3] They couid only float in the sea for nearly three hours, believing that someone would come to rescue them, but the ocean current changed direction, and they were swept by currents into an area between two islands. At that point, a new threat emerged. The underwater terrain shifted, and the most physically fit diver among the nine felt as if he had stepped on something. Liu looked down and noticed that a bull shark was circling around his feet, along with six other sharks nearby.

[4] Liu swiftly assembled everyone to make themselves appear larger as most wild animals typically target creatures that are smaller and tend to avoid approaching larger groups. Fortunately, with Liu and the entire team huddled together, the sharks refrained from acting aggressively, and they avoided any danger.


[5] By evening, they had gone nearly 11 hours without food. To conserve their energy, they used their diving masks to collect rainwater and drank it to stay hydrated. After spending too much time in the water, they started to feel cold, so they used their buoyancy devices to hold each other to stay together and preserve warmth. And, to prevent falling asleep and risking hypothermia, they took turns calling out their numbers every 30 minutes to stay alert.


[6] After drifting in the water for about 27 hours, a rescue boat located the nine individuals.


[7] "Alli nine Chinese citizens who went missing while diving in Palau have been rescued and are reported to be in stable condition", the Chinese Embassy in the Federated States of Micronesia said on Friday.


[8] Liu said that the key reasons for their safe return included the selfless assistance from fellow travelers, the favorable ocean currents that kept them in proximity to their initial location, and, most importantly, the excellent physical condition and positive attitude of the group. "Throughout those 20-plus hours, we maintained a lighthearted atmosphere, chatting and laughing without any complaints," Liu said.


(Adapted from https://www.globaltimes.cn)
The word "selfless" (paragraph 8) means:
Alternativas
Q3736271 Inglês
TEXT I


Read the text below and answer question.


Is peanut butter a good source of protein? Nutrition experts explain.


[1] Protein is the macronutrient du jour. Discussions about nutrition online as of late are all about making sure you're consuming enough protein every day.


[2] The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein is currently 0.36 grams of protein per pound, according to Harvard Health, or about 54 grams daily for a person who weighs 150 pounds.


[3] But diet experts are increasingly pushing for consuming higher amounts of protein: upwards of 60 to 90 grams daily. Registered dietitian Jamie Nadeau previously told USA TODAY that she recommends getting "at least 20 grams of protein per meal for satiety," though she notes everyone has different needs.


[4] To what extent can peanut butter help you reach those goals? Nutrition experts explain.


[5] A two-tablespoon serving of peanut butter contains about 7 grams of protein, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) food database.


[6] That doesn't mean you shouldn't eat peanut butter - experts say it just means peanut butter is meant to be a small part of more well-rounded meals. Thomason suggests pairing a serving of peanut butter with a carb, protein and a fruit or vegetable. Some favorite combos include peanut butter and an apple, peanut butter and banana toast and a smoothie or oatmeal with peanut butter.


[7] "Those things are going to help you balance it out and not feel like it's easy to overeat,"she says.


[8] To hit that recommended 20-gram goal, you'd have to eat about 6 tablespoons - nearly three servings of peanut butter - which amounts to nearly 600 calories. While experts say eating more than the serving size isn't harmful, per se, there are much easier (and less calorie-dense) food options to get more protein.


(Adapted from https://www.usatoday.com)
According to text I:
Alternativas
Q3736270 Inglês
TEXT I


Read the text below and answer question.


Is peanut butter a good source of protein? Nutrition experts explain.


[1] Protein is the macronutrient du jour. Discussions about nutrition online as of late are all about making sure you're consuming enough protein every day.


[2] The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein is currently 0.36 grams of protein per pound, according to Harvard Health, or about 54 grams daily for a person who weighs 150 pounds.


[3] But diet experts are increasingly pushing for consuming higher amounts of protein: upwards of 60 to 90 grams daily. Registered dietitian Jamie Nadeau previously told USA TODAY that she recommends getting "at least 20 grams of protein per meal for satiety," though she notes everyone has different needs.


[4] To what extent can peanut butter help you reach those goals? Nutrition experts explain.


[5] A two-tablespoon serving of peanut butter contains about 7 grams of protein, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) food database.


[6] That doesn't mean you shouldn't eat peanut butter - experts say it just means peanut butter is meant to be a small part of more well-rounded meals. Thomason suggests pairing a serving of peanut butter with a carb, protein and a fruit or vegetable. Some favorite combos include peanut butter and an apple, peanut butter and banana toast and a smoothie or oatmeal with peanut butter.


[7] "Those things are going to help you balance it out and not feel like it's easy to overeat,"she says.


[8] To hit that recommended 20-gram goal, you'd have to eat about 6 tablespoons - nearly three servings of peanut butter - which amounts to nearly 600 calories. While experts say eating more than the serving size isn't harmful, per se, there are much easier (and less calorie-dense) food options to get more protein.


(Adapted from https://www.usatoday.com)
The pronoun "it" in the sentence "Those things are going to help you balance it out and not feel like it's easy to overeat, [...]" (paragraph 7) refers to:
Alternativas
Q3692556 Inglês

Text 2

  1. The Impact of Electric Vehicles on the Automotive Industry Looking at the environmental, economical, and political impact of electric vehicles.


By Patrick Peterson of GoodCar



Adapted from: unsustainable in [Accessed on 9th July 2025]. 

In the statement "This support for greener brands shows the automotive industry how the future will look" (lines 26 and 27), what does the term "greener" most precisely imply?
Alternativas
Q3692555 Inglês

Text 2

  1. The Impact of Electric Vehicles on the Automotive Industry Looking at the environmental, economical, and political impact of electric vehicles.


By Patrick Peterson of GoodCar



Adapted from: unsustainable in [Accessed on 9th July 2025]. 

What is the closest meaning of the word “volatile” as used in the phrase “the volatility of gas prices” (line 3)? 
Alternativas
Q3692554 Inglês

Text 2

  1. The Impact of Electric Vehicles on the Automotive Industry Looking at the environmental, economical, and political impact of electric vehicles.


By Patrick Peterson of GoodCar



Adapted from: unsustainable in [Accessed on 9th July 2025]. 

According to the text, mark the correct option about the role of geography in the environmental impact of EVs: 
Alternativas
Q3692553 Inglês

Text 2

  1. The Impact of Electric Vehicles on the Automotive Industry Looking at the environmental, economical, and political impact of electric vehicles.


By Patrick Peterson of GoodCar



Adapted from: unsustainable in [Accessed on 9th July 2025]. 

According to the text, mark the option that most accurately reflects the relationship between public perception and electric vehicle adoption:  
Alternativas
Q3692552 Inglês

Text 2

  1. The Impact of Electric Vehicles on the Automotive Industry Looking at the environmental, economical, and political impact of electric vehicles.


By Patrick Peterson of GoodCar



Adapted from: unsustainable in [Accessed on 9th July 2025]. 

In the sentence “However, rising climate concerns and the volatility of gas prices have pushed more people to refresh their understanding of the technology” (lines 3 and 4), the verb tense “have pushed” indicates: 
Alternativas
Q3692551 Inglês

Text 2

  1. The Impact of Electric Vehicles on the Automotive Industry Looking at the environmental, economical, and political impact of electric vehicles.


By Patrick Peterson of GoodCar



Adapted from: unsustainable in [Accessed on 9th July 2025]. 

Mark the option that shows the most accurate meaning of the highlighted word in the sentence below: “Electric vehicles (EVs) have had a remarkable glow-up in a relatively short period.” (line 1) 
Alternativas
Q3692550 Inglês

Text 2

  1. The Impact of Electric Vehicles on the Automotive Industry Looking at the environmental, economical, and political impact of electric vehicles.


By Patrick Peterson of GoodCar



Adapted from: unsustainable in [Accessed on 9th July 2025]. 

Mark the option that best captures the author's tone throughout the article:  
Alternativas
Q3692549 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
Why did the researchers mention the small sample size?  
Alternativas
Q3692548 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
Researchers highlighted the following main difference between using Google Search and Al chatbots for information gathering:  
Alternativas
Q3692547 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
Based on the brain-only group’s later use of ChatGPT, researchers expressed the following hope:  
Alternativas
Q3692546 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
What did the EEG data suggest about ChatGPT users' executive control during essay writing? 
Alternativas
Q3692545 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
What distinguishes the Google Search group's results from those of the ChatGPT group? 
Alternativas
Q3692544 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
What outcome followed when the ChatGPT group was asked to re-write an essay without using ChatGPT? 
Alternativas
Q3692543 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
Which neural frequency bands were most active in the brain-only group, indicating cognitive engagement?  
Alternativas
Q3692542 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
How did the essays written by the ChatGPT group compare to those written by the other groups, according to the teachers? 
Alternativas
Respostas
61: D
62: C
63: A
64: D
65: E
66: D
67: E
68: B
69: C
70: D
71: A
72: B
73: A
74: A
75: C
76: B
77: C
78: B
79: B
80: C