Political cartoons are multimodal genres that combine visual and verbal elements to produce meaning through irony, satire, and caricature. When analyzing a political cartoon in an English class, the teacher should consider the sociocultural context. Choose the correct alternative.

Reading strategies are essential tools for learners to navigate complex texts and achieve comprehension without needing to translate every single word. Considering reading techniques, analyze the statements below:

I.Skimming involves reading a text quickly to get a general overview or the main idea of the content.

II.Scanning is a strategy used when the reader looks for specific information, such as dates, names, or numbers, without reading the entire text.

II.Top-down processing occurs when the reader relies exclusively on decoding individual letters and phonemes to build the meaning of a sentence from scratch.

Regarding these statements, select the correct alternative: 

Education in Brazil: Challenges and Progress

1 Basic Education, particularly at the elementary level, has seen notable improvements in terms of access and enrollment rates over the past few decades. Literacy rates have increased, and the vast majority of children are now in school. However, the primary struggle lies in quality and equity. Standardized tests, like the Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB), frequently reveal that students in many public schools are not achieving adequate proficiency in core subjects like Portuguese and Mathematics. Public schools, which serve the majority of the population, often suffer from inadequate infrastructure, low teacher salaries, and a lack of pedagogical resources, contrasting sharply with the generally higher quality offered by private institutions. Furthermore, the dropout rate, particularly in High School (Ensino Médio), remains a persistent concern.

2 To address these systemic issues, recent reforms have focused on curricular changes, such as the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), which aims to standardize learning objectives across the nation. There is also a continuous push for the professional development and better remuneration of teachers. The future of education in Brazil rests on a concerted effort to improve the quality of public basic schools, ensuring that all students, regardless of their socio-economic status, have a genuine opportunity to succeed. Sustained and equitable funding, coupled with effective, long-term educational planning that addresses the needs of a diverse and large country, will be crucial for Brazil to fully leverage education as a true engine for social mobility and national development.

3 Higher Education in Brazil is highly selective and largely dominated by public universities, which are internationally recognized and offer tuition-free instruction. These institutions, such as the Universidade de São Paulo (USP) and the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), are centers of excellence in research and teaching. Access is primarily gained through the highly competitive National High School Exam (ENEM), which is used to select students for public universities via the Sistema de Seleção Unificada (SiSU). A significant challenge in this sector has been ensuring access for students from underprivileged backgrounds. To combat this, the federal government implemented affirmative action policies (quotas), reserving a percentage of slots in public universities for students from public schools, those with low family incomes, and those of African or Indigenous descent, which has successfully diversified the student body.

4 Education in Brazil is a vast and complex system, undergoing continuous evolution while grappling with significant structural challenges. The country's education is generally divided into three main levels: Basic Education (comprising Early Childhood Education, Elementary School, and High School) and Higher Education. The Brazilian Constitution guarantees the right to education as a duty of the State and the family, making mandatory and free schooling for all children and adolescents aged 4 to 17. The system is highly decentralized, with the federal government, states, and municipalities sharing responsibilities, which often leads to disparities in funding, quality, and management across the different regions, particularly between the more developed South and Southeast and the less developed North and Northeast. 

5 The core issue underpinning the Brazilian educational system is the profound inequity that mirrors the country's social and economic stratification. Students from affluent backgrounds overwhelmingly attend higherquality private basic schools, giving them a considerable advantage in securing spots at the prestigious public universities. The funding mechanism, despite constitutional mandates like the Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação (FUNDEB), often fails to bridge the resource gap between wealthy and poor municipalities. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic severely exacerbated these issues, highlighting the digital divide and the lack of proper tools for remote learning in low-income households, leading to significant learning loss and increased inequality in educational outcomes.

What is the right order of the paragraphs?

The region of prosperity

Petrolina and Juazeiro are charming and prosperous cities that attract not only tourists but also investors due to their beauty and economic potential. In fact, all this success stems from irrigated agriculture, which has provided quality and security in the harvests of both mangoes and grapes. The São Francisco Valley region, including not only the cities of Petrolina and Juazeiro, but also other places with great economic potential such as Vermelhos, Sobradinho, Lagoa Grande, Casa Nova, etc., has been the site of significant financial investments through the production of high-quality wines. 
The São Francisco Valley as a whole has stood out mainly in the production and export of mangoes and grapes of various varieties, including seedless grapes and dry red wine, supplying not only the domestic market but also the foreign market, especially the European, American and Asian markets. Also, tourism is another sector that has been growing significantly in recent years. The city of Petrolina alone, for example, has more than thirty tourist attractions that make any tourist want to return many times. It is worth highlighting Pedrinhas, a bathing resort located very close to the urban area; Ilha do Rodeadouro or Rodeadouro Island, for lovers of crystal-clear, shallow waters in the São Francisco River; the large wineries in the Vermelhos, Santa Maria da Boa Vista, and Lagoa Grande regions, for wine lovers and tasters; the Sobradinho Dam, for those who appreciate the contrast between the natural and the artificial; and Ilha do Fogo or Fire Island, a historical site marking the border between the two states, Pernambuco and Bahia, connected by the Presidente Dutra bridge over the São Francisco River.
In addition, the region has an international airport located in the city of Petrolina with daily flights to various capitals of Brazil connecting the entire region with all the Brazilian cultures and accents, making Petrolina and Juazeiro cosmopolitan cities that are welcoming to all who visit or wish to settle permanently in this region known as "the land of opportunities" or "the Brazilian California".
You can also travel through the history of the region by visiting both the Sertão (backland) Museum located in Petrolina and the São Francisco Regional Museum located in the city of Juazeiro. In short, a visit to the São Francisco Valley region is a must to contemplate and to enjoy a prosperous hinterland rich in beauty and potential.

According to the text "The region of prosperity," what is the main factor driving the economic success of the cities of Petrolina and Juazeiro, and what products stand out in this scenario, supplying both the domestic and international markets?

A inferência lexical é uma estratégia de leitura crucial quando o aluno se depara com vocabulário desconhecido. Analise o seguinte trecho: 'The ornithologist spent hours observing the sparrow through his binoculars.' Mesmo sem saber o significado exato de 'sparrow', o aluno pode inferir sua categoria semântica baseando-se no contexto. Assinale a alternativa que indica a inferência correta sobre a palavra destacada, baseada nas pistas contextuais (ornithologist, observing, binoculars). 

The development of reading strategies is essential for students to become autonomous and proficient readers in the English language. Two fundamental strategies are skimming and scanning. Therefore, analyze the following statements:

I.Skimming consists of a rapid reading to grasp the general idea or the essence of the text (gist), without focusing on specific details.
II.Scanning is the strategy used when the reader seeks to locate specific information in the text, such as a date, a name, or a number, ignoring the remaining content.
III.Both strategies require word-by-word translation of the text to ensure full comprehension before proceeding.
IV.Skimming should be used exclusively with literary texts, while scanning is restricted to technical texts.

Select the alternative that presents only the CORRECT statements:

Study these sentences and decide if they are true ( T ) or false ( F ), according to vocabulary, structure and grammar use.

( ) The following words from the text support, expert and data mean in Portuguese, respectively: suportar, esperto and data.
( ) In the sentence Another key aspect of the criminal expert’s work is evidence preservation, the apostrophe s (’s), indicates that the work is related to the expert.
( ) In the sentence They also play a vital role in criminal investigations… the underlined word means to have a crucial function in something’s success.
( ) The indirect speech of the following sentence from the text This ensures that the conclusions presented in forensic reports are reliable and can be used in court. is This ensured that the conclusions presented in forensic reports were reliable and could be used in court.
( ) The words impartiality (second paragraph) and carefully (fourth paragraph) are examples of adverbs.

Choose the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.

Study these sentences and decide if they are true ( T ) or false ( F ), according to structure and grammar use.

( ) The word their in the first paragraph: Their work aims to reconstruct events and provide reliable…, refers to Forensic experts.
( ) The underlined word in the second paragraph, must, is an example of a modal verb and it expresses strong duty.
( ) The expression the most important… is an example of the comparative of equality degree.
( ) The negative form of the sentence This ensures that the conclusions presented in forensic reports are reliable and can be used in court. is This don’t ensure that the conclusions presented in forensic reports are not reliable and couldn’t be used in court.
( ) The word key in Another key aspect of the criminal expert’s work is evidence preservation. can be replaced by essential without changing its meaning.

Choose the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to botton.

According to the passage, which of the following affirmatives can be inferred from the text?

1. The main purpose of criminal forensics is to provide scientific and technical evidence for legal proceedings.
2. A forensic expert is primarily responsible for representing the prosecution in court.
3. Forensic professionals must be impartial, which means they should analyze evidence objectively and scientifically.
4. Evidence preservation at a crime scene is important because it speeds up the trial process.
5. DNA analysis in forensic science is mainly used to replace fingerprint analysis.

Choose the alternative which contains the correct affirmatives.

Which alternative presents the correct prepositions that are missing in the third paragraph of the text?

The characteristics of English as a Lingua Franca listed in Harmer’s text can be said to exemplify

In the context of the two cartoons, the utterances “He seems awfully interested in my shoes” and “He seems a bit unfriendly”, reveal

Read the two excerpts from the text:

“Gholson and Stumpf (2005) believe that folklore might help promote cultural dialogue”.

“Akpinar and Ozturk (2009) suggest that folklore can be taught in an L2 classroom through an inquiry approach.”

In the two excerpts, the bolded modal verbs carry the idea of

Para sua aula de leitura, determinado professor escolhe trabalhar com contos populares originários de países de língua inglesa.

Uma proposta de atividade, segundo as perspectivas apresentadas no texto, incluiria: