Questões de Vestibular
Sobre vocabulário | vocabulary em inglês
Foram encontradas 557 questões
I. In the sentence “President Lula took part in a ceremony that focused firmly on the future” the relative pronoun that can be replaced by which without changing the meaning of the sentence.
II. In the sentence “We have a chip, we have a level that can be used on frontier control, we can guarantee citizenship, and it can guarantee transactions in the virtual world” the modal verb can indicates an ability.
III. The word currently in the sentence “Currently, Brazilians have to deal with a confusing array of identity numbers” can be substituted by the word nowadays without changing the meaning of the sentence.
Excerpt 01: "Protesters say the poorest are being short-changed while the government spends the large bills on new stadiums and glitzy infrastructure for the soccer competition Brazil is hosting next year and the Olympic Games coming in 2016."
I – There is an example of passive voice.
II – There is an example of comparative of adjectives.
III – The noun phrase “glitzy infrastructure for the soccer competition” is formed by a determiner, a pre modifier, a noun and a post modifier.
IV - “while” indicates simultaneous actions.
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(www.medicalnewstoday.com. Adaptado.)
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Do fat people stay warmer than thin people?
Pack on some extra pounds for winter
By Daniel Engber
01.02.2014
At the yearly Rottnest Channel Swim in Western Australia, participants often smear their bodies with animal fat for insulation against the 70-degree water. But their own body fat also helps to keep them warm, like an extra layer of clothing beneath the skin. When scientists studied aspects of the event in 2006, they found that swimmers with a greater body mass index (BMI) appear to be at much lower risk of getting hypothermia.
The same effect has been demonstrated in hospitals where patients who’ve suffered cardiac arrest are treated with “therapeutic hypothermia” to stave off brain injury and inflammation. Studies have shown that it takes longer to induce hypothermia in obese patients than in their leaner counterparts. The extra fat seems to insulate the body’s core.
Under certain conditions, though, overweight people might feel colder than people of average weight. That’s because the brain combines two signals — the temperature inside the body and the temperature on the surface of the skin — to determine when it’s time to constrict blood vessels (which limits heat loss through the skin) and trigger shivering (which generates heat). And since subcutaneous fat traps heat, an obese person’s core will tend to remain warm while his or her skin cools down. According to Catherine O’Brien, a research physiologist with the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, it’s possible that the lower skin temperature would give fatter people the sense of being colder overall.
But O’Brien points out that many other factors beyond subcutaneous fat help determine the rate at which we chill. Smaller people, who have more surface area compared to the total volume of their bodies, lose heat more quickly. (It’s often said that women feel colder than men; average body size may play a part.) A more muscular physique may also offer some protection against hypothermia, partly because muscle tissue generates lots of heat. “We have a joke around here that the person who’s best-suited for cold is fit and fat,” says O’Brien.
(www.popsci.com)
Texto 1
Call to halve target for added sugar
People need to more than halve their intake of added sugar to tackle the obesity crisis, according to scientific advice for the government in England.
A report by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition
(SACN) says sugar added to food or naturally present in fruit
juice and honey should account for 5% of energy intake.
Many fail to meet the old 10% target. The sugar industry said
“demonizing one ingredient” would not “solve the obesity
epidemic”
The body reviewed 600 scientific studies on the evidence
of carbohydrates – including sugar – on health to develop the
new recommendations. One 330ml can of soft drink would
take a typical adult up to the proposed 5% daily allowance,
without factoring in sugar from any other source.
Prof Ian MacDonald, chairman of the SACN working group
on carbohydrates, said: “The evidence that we have analyzed
shows quite clearly that high free sugars intake in adults is
associated with increased energy intake and obesity. There
is also an association between sugar-sweetened beverages
and type-2 diabetes. In children there is clear demonstration
that sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with obesity.
By reducing it to 5% you would reduce the risk of all of those
things, the challenge will be to get there.”
The target of 5% of energy intake from free sugars
amounts to 25g for women (five to six teaspoons) and 35g
(seven to eight teaspoons) for men, based on the average
diet.
Public Health Minister for England, Jane Ellison, said: “We
know eating too much sugar can have a significant impact on
health, and this advice confirms that. We want to help people
make healthier choices and get the nation into healthy habits
for life. This report will inform the important debate taking
place about sugar.”
(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)
Texto 2
Eating more fruits and veggies won’t make you lose weight
We’re often told to eat more fruits and vegetables, but the
chances that you’ll lose weight just by eating more of these
foods are slim. New research suggests increased fruit and
vegetable intake is only effective for weight loss if you make
an effort to reduce your calorie intake overall.
In other words, you need to exercise or consume fewer
calories to shed those pounds.
Don’t let that stop you from including more fruits and
veggies in your diet, though. Even if they don’t directly help
you lose weight, these foods still provide a number of health
benefits.
(http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com. Adaptado.)
Texto 1
Call to halve target for added sugar
People need to more than halve their intake of added sugar to tackle the obesity crisis, according to scientific advice for the government in England.
A report by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition
(SACN) says sugar added to food or naturally present in fruit
juice and honey should account for 5% of energy intake.
Many fail to meet the old 10% target. The sugar industry said
“demonizing one ingredient” would not “solve the obesity
epidemic”
The body reviewed 600 scientific studies on the evidence
of carbohydrates – including sugar – on health to develop the
new recommendations. One 330ml can of soft drink would
take a typical adult up to the proposed 5% daily allowance,
without factoring in sugar from any other source.
Prof Ian MacDonald, chairman of the SACN working group
on carbohydrates, said: “The evidence that we have analyzed
shows quite clearly that high free sugars intake in adults is
associated with increased energy intake and obesity. There
is also an association between sugar-sweetened beverages
and type-2 diabetes. In children there is clear demonstration
that sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with obesity.
By reducing it to 5% you would reduce the risk of all of those
things, the challenge will be to get there.”
The target of 5% of energy intake from free sugars
amounts to 25g for women (five to six teaspoons) and 35g
(seven to eight teaspoons) for men, based on the average
diet.
Public Health Minister for England, Jane Ellison, said: “We
know eating too much sugar can have a significant impact on
health, and this advice confirms that. We want to help people
make healthier choices and get the nation into healthy habits
for life. This report will inform the important debate taking
place about sugar.”
(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)
Texto 2
Eating more fruits and veggies won’t make you lose weight
We’re often told to eat more fruits and vegetables, but the
chances that you’ll lose weight just by eating more of these
foods are slim. New research suggests increased fruit and
vegetable intake is only effective for weight loss if you make
an effort to reduce your calorie intake overall.
In other words, you need to exercise or consume fewer
calories to shed those pounds.
Don’t let that stop you from including more fruits and
veggies in your diet, though. Even if they don’t directly help
you lose weight, these foods still provide a number of health
benefits.
(http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com. Adaptado.)
Texto 1
Call to halve target for added sugar
People need to more than halve their intake of added sugar to tackle the obesity crisis, according to scientific advice for the government in England.
A report by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition
(SACN) says sugar added to food or naturally present in fruit
juice and honey should account for 5% of energy intake.
Many fail to meet the old 10% target. The sugar industry said
“demonizing one ingredient” would not “solve the obesity
epidemic”
The body reviewed 600 scientific studies on the evidence
of carbohydrates – including sugar – on health to develop the
new recommendations. One 330ml can of soft drink would
take a typical adult up to the proposed 5% daily allowance,
without factoring in sugar from any other source.
Prof Ian MacDonald, chairman of the SACN working group
on carbohydrates, said: “The evidence that we have analyzed
shows quite clearly that high free sugars intake in adults is
associated with increased energy intake and obesity. There
is also an association between sugar-sweetened beverages
and type-2 diabetes. In children there is clear demonstration
that sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with obesity.
By reducing it to 5% you would reduce the risk of all of those
things, the challenge will be to get there.”
The target of 5% of energy intake from free sugars
amounts to 25g for women (five to six teaspoons) and 35g
(seven to eight teaspoons) for men, based on the average
diet.
Public Health Minister for England, Jane Ellison, said: “We
know eating too much sugar can have a significant impact on
health, and this advice confirms that. We want to help people
make healthier choices and get the nation into healthy habits
for life. This report will inform the important debate taking
place about sugar.”
(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)
Texto 2
Eating more fruits and veggies won’t make you lose weight
We’re often told to eat more fruits and vegetables, but the
chances that you’ll lose weight just by eating more of these
foods are slim. New research suggests increased fruit and
vegetable intake is only effective for weight loss if you make
an effort to reduce your calorie intake overall.
In other words, you need to exercise or consume fewer
calories to shed those pounds.
Don’t let that stop you from including more fruits and
veggies in your diet, though. Even if they don’t directly help
you lose weight, these foods still provide a number of health
benefits.
(http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com. Adaptado.)
Monday, 3 March 2014
Monday, 3 March 2014
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) manufacturing index rose to 53.2 from 51.3 in January. A reading above 50 indicates expansion. Separate data showed construction spending rose slightly in January, helped by residential construction.
Manufacturing and construction are key to the US economy and there were fears that severe weather across many parts of the US may have hurt the sectors. Bradley Holcomb, chair of ISM’s survey committee, said that while several manufacturers said severe weather was impacting their business, “other comments reflect optimism in terms of demand and growth in the near term”. Meanwhile, data released by the US Department of Commerce, showed that construction spending rose 0.1% in January, from December. Compared to the same month last year, construction spending was up 9.3%.
However, the bad weather conditions impacted car sales in February with General Motors, Toyota and Ford all posting declines in their deliveries. But the drop in sales was less than expected and manufacturers were upbeat about the prospects in the coming months. “February auto sales emerged from a chill in the second half of the month, positioning the industry for a strong March,” said Bill Fay, general manager at Toyota, which saw a fall in deliveries of 4% during the month. General Motors’ sales fell 1%, compared to analysts’ forecast of a 6% drop. Chrysler and Nissan Motors beat the trend with sales increases of 11% and 16% respectively.
Analysts said that overall car sales during the month had been helped by incentives and discounts offered by dealers to lure customers to showrooms in an attempt to cushion the impact of the severe weather conditions. However, as weather conditions improve, the discounts will reduce.
(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) manufacturing index rose to 53.2 from 51.3 in January. A reading above 50 indicates expansion. Separate data showed construction spending rose slightly in January, helped by residential construction.
Manufacturing and construction are key to the US economy and there were fears that severe weather across many parts of the US may have hurt the sectors. Bradley Holcomb, chair of ISM’s survey committee, said that while several manufacturers said severe weather was impacting their business, “other comments reflect optimism in terms of demand and growth in the near term”. Meanwhile, data released by the US Department of Commerce, showed that construction spending rose 0.1% in January, from December. Compared to the same month last year, construction spending was up 9.3%.
However, the bad weather conditions impacted car sales in February with General Motors, Toyota and Ford all posting declines in their deliveries. But the drop in sales was less than expected and manufacturers were upbeat about the prospects in the coming months. “February auto sales emerged from a chill in the second half of the month, positioning the industry for a strong March,” said Bill Fay, general manager at Toyota, which saw a fall in deliveries of 4% during the month. General Motors’ sales fell 1%, compared to analysts’ forecast of a 6% drop. Chrysler and Nissan Motors beat the trend with sales increases of 11% and 16% respectively.
Analysts said that overall car sales during the month had been helped by incentives and discounts offered by dealers to lure customers to showrooms in an attempt to cushion the impact of the severe weather conditions. However, as weather conditions improve, the discounts will reduce.
(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)
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Healthy choices
How do we reduce waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do?
By Telegraph View
22 Aug 2014
Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health
England, suggests that parents feed their children
from smaller plates. Photo: Alamy
Every new piece of information about Britain’s weight problem makes for ever more depressing reading. Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health England, today tells us that by 2034 some six million Britons will suffer from diabetes. Of course, many people develop diabetes through no fault of their own. But Mr Selbie’s research concludes that if the levels of obesity returned to their 1994 levels, 1.7 million fewer people would suffer from the condition.
Given that fighting diabetes already drains the National Health Service (NHS) by more than £1.5 million, or 10 per cent of its budget for England, the impact upon the Treasury in 20 years’ time from unhealthy lifestyles could be catastrophic. Bad health not only impacts on the individual but also on the rest of the community.
Diagnosis of the challenge is straightforward. The tougher question is what to do about reducing waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do.
It is interesting to note that Mr Selbie does not ascribe to the Big Brother approach of ceaseless legislation and nannying. Rather, he is keen to promote choices – making the case passionately that people should be encouraged to embrace good health. One of his suggestions is that parents feed their children from smaller plates. That way the child can clear his or her plate, as ordered, without actually consuming too much. Like all good ideas, this is rooted in common sense.
(www.telegraph.co.uk. Adaptado.)
The underlined idiomatic expression introduces the idea of:
Conheça nossos planos