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Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Professor II (Língua Estrangeira – Inglês) |
Q4392987
Inglês
In natural spoken English, words are not necessarily
pronounced in exactly the same way as when they are
produced in isolation. Connected speech may involve
changes related to linking, sound omission, stress
placement and the interaction between adjacent sounds.
Judge the statements below as True (T) or False (F):
(__)In a non-rhotic variety of British English, the final letter r in far is normally silent when the word occurs alone, but the corresponding sound may be pronounced in far away because the following word begins with a vowel.
(__)In rapid speech, the t sound in next day may be omitted because of the complex consonant sequence, illustrating elision rather than the addition of a new sound.
(__)In did you, the final sound of did and the initial sound represented by y in you may interact and produce a pronunciation similar to the beginning of the word June.
(__)The words photograph and photography maintain primary stress on the same syllable because words belonging to the same lexical family normally preserve identical stress patterns.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is:
Judge the statements below as True (T) or False (F):
(__)In a non-rhotic variety of British English, the final letter r in far is normally silent when the word occurs alone, but the corresponding sound may be pronounced in far away because the following word begins with a vowel.
(__)In rapid speech, the t sound in next day may be omitted because of the complex consonant sequence, illustrating elision rather than the addition of a new sound.
(__)In did you, the final sound of did and the initial sound represented by y in you may interact and produce a pronunciation similar to the beginning of the word June.
(__)The words photograph and photography maintain primary stress on the same syllable because words belonging to the same lexical family normally preserve identical stress patterns.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Professor II (Língua Estrangeira – Inglês) |
Q4392986
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
A leader in the study of longevity is returning to
UCLA Health
Renowned geroscientist and computational biologist
Steve Horvath, PhD, is returning as a professor in the
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA on July 1, after
4 1/2 years in the biotech industry. Previously, he was a
full-time professor of Human Genetics and Biostatistics at
UCLA for 22 years.
Geroscience is the modern term for the biology of aging.
Dr. Horvath, who was born in Germany, is internationally
known for his research into the aging process and, in
particular, epigenetics, how the environment influences
our genes, affecting a person's longevity.
His groundbreaking research, which he began at UCLA in
2011, looked at the "epigenetic age" of more than 13,000
DNA samples of people from the U.S. and Europe,
determined from the chemical modifications of their DNA
(also called DNA methylation).
People whose epigenetic age was higher than their
chronological age were shown to be at an increased risk
of death from all causes. From this, Dr. Horvath
developed the "epigenetic clock," a way of measuring
biological aging and mortality risk.
"The universal mammalian methylation clock was really a
UCLA triumph — a true team effort," said Dr. Horvath,
who received the 2026 Luminary Award at the Precision
Medicine World Conference. That project, part of the
international Mammalian Methylation Consortium that Dr.
Horvath led, drew on collaborators across UCLA,
including Jason Ernst, PhD; William Yang, MD, PhD;
Ebru Erbay, MD, PhD; Karen Sears, PhD; and Ren
Larison, PhD.
Aging is a growing field of study and the Division of
Geriatrics is a research leader.
"Aging happens at the cellular level — every tissue in the
human body shows signs of aging," explained Arun S.
Karlamangla, MD, PhD, chief of the UCLA Division of
Geriatrics. "The epigenetic profile is affected by stresses
in life. As we age, these stresses change DNA
functionality. Dr. Horvath's research showed that these
changes can be quantified and used to predict a person's
lifespan."
None of us has control over the DNA we're born with, but
we do have some control over how long we live.
"The epigenetic clock is one window into biological aging,
but it doesn't capture everything, and plenty of
well-established factors influence how long and how well
a person lives," said Dr. Horvath. "The strongest
evidence is for the basics: not smoking, maintaining a
healthy weight, a sensible diet, regular physical activity
and good sleep."
Dr. Horvath has run the test on himself and by the
epigenetic clock, he is about three years younger than
his chronological age of 58.
New medications also show promise for improving
longevity, he said. "There's active research interest in
newer GLP-1 receptor agonists — e.g., the
Ozempic/Wegovy class — which are reshaping how we
think about metabolic health," said Dr. Horvath, adding
that the same is true for anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic
drugs.
Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard
tools across aging research, used by teams worldwide to
test what actually changes biological aging.
They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH
trial, where omega-3, vitamin D and exercise modestly
slowed epigenetic aging in adults older than 70; in the
Women's Health Initiative, where faster epigenetic aging
tracked with later cognitive impairment and dementia;
and in studies of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
This kind of population-level application aligns closely
with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy,
independent life expectancy.
Dr. Horvath's research has also shown that the cells of
different organs age at different rates. For instance, the
liver ages faster than other organs, he said, particularly in
the case of people with obesity.
Another discovery was that the blood and brain tissues of
human males age faster than those of females, which
might be the reason women live longer on average than
men across all cultures and countries.
Leading in aging research
The study of aging at the UCLA Division of Geriatrics
focuses on understanding the epidemiology of
age-related conditions such as frailty, cognitive
impairment and dementia, and improving the delivery of
compassionate, comprehensive care to older adults.
Dr. Horvath's return to UCLA will bolster the department's
role in aging research by translating his cellular research
to clinical trials, said Dr. Karlamangla.
"We want to be pioneers in all three aspects: cellular
research, clinical and population-level research, and
health services and implementation research," Dr.
Karlamangla said. "We are one of the pioneers in clinical
innovation for the delivery of healthcare to older adults,"
he said, an approach that is called bench to bedside.
Life expectancy is important, but even more important is
good health, which is necessary for independence, Dr.
Karlamangla emphasized. This is referred to as healthy
life expectancy, or independent life expectancy.
New work at UCLA
Along with serving as a professor, Dr. Horvath will return
to UCLA Health as director of aging biology research in
the Department of Medicine, working across 11 divisions.
In this way, he will work directly with doctors to apply
aging research to their patients. The move into the
Department of Medicine is deliberate: his focus now is translating discoveries from aging biology into care for
patients.
"What I'm most looking forward to in returning to UCLA is
the people and the collaborative environment," said Dr.
Horvath. "UCLA has remarkable strength across
medicine, computational biology, stem cell biology, and
the basic science of complex diseases, and being back in
that setting with former colleagues and future students is
what excites me most.
"It feels like the right place to do the next phase of this
work: helping to translate findings from aging biology into
the clinic."
https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/leader-study-longevity-returning
-ucla-health
A public-school English teacher uses the UCLA Health
article to design a sequence of reading tasks. In the first
stage, students identify explicit information about Dr.
Horvath's career and research. In the second, they
distinguish established evidence from tentative claims by
examining expressions such as "show promise" and
"might be the reason". In the final stage, they produce a
clear summary of the article, selecting relevant evidence
and preserving the degree of certainty expressed in the
original text.
Considering the CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) as a framework for progression in communicative language ability, select the correct alternative.
Considering the CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) as a framework for progression in communicative language ability, select the correct alternative.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Professor II (Língua Estrangeira – Inglês) |
Q4392985
Pedagogia
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
A leader in the study of longevity is returning to
UCLA Health
Renowned geroscientist and computational biologist
Steve Horvath, PhD, is returning as a professor in the
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA on July 1, after
4 1/2 years in the biotech industry. Previously, he was a
full-time professor of Human Genetics and Biostatistics at
UCLA for 22 years.
Geroscience is the modern term for the biology of aging.
Dr. Horvath, who was born in Germany, is internationally
known for his research into the aging process and, in
particular, epigenetics, how the environment influences
our genes, affecting a person's longevity.
His groundbreaking research, which he began at UCLA in
2011, looked at the "epigenetic age" of more than 13,000
DNA samples of people from the U.S. and Europe,
determined from the chemical modifications of their DNA
(also called DNA methylation).
People whose epigenetic age was higher than their
chronological age were shown to be at an increased risk
of death from all causes. From this, Dr. Horvath
developed the "epigenetic clock," a way of measuring
biological aging and mortality risk.
"The universal mammalian methylation clock was really a
UCLA triumph — a true team effort," said Dr. Horvath,
who received the 2026 Luminary Award at the Precision
Medicine World Conference. That project, part of the
international Mammalian Methylation Consortium that Dr.
Horvath led, drew on collaborators across UCLA,
including Jason Ernst, PhD; William Yang, MD, PhD;
Ebru Erbay, MD, PhD; Karen Sears, PhD; and Ren
Larison, PhD.
Aging is a growing field of study and the Division of
Geriatrics is a research leader.
"Aging happens at the cellular level — every tissue in the
human body shows signs of aging," explained Arun S.
Karlamangla, MD, PhD, chief of the UCLA Division of
Geriatrics. "The epigenetic profile is affected by stresses
in life. As we age, these stresses change DNA
functionality. Dr. Horvath's research showed that these
changes can be quantified and used to predict a person's
lifespan."
None of us has control over the DNA we're born with, but
we do have some control over how long we live.
"The epigenetic clock is one window into biological aging,
but it doesn't capture everything, and plenty of
well-established factors influence how long and how well
a person lives," said Dr. Horvath. "The strongest
evidence is for the basics: not smoking, maintaining a
healthy weight, a sensible diet, regular physical activity
and good sleep."
Dr. Horvath has run the test on himself and by the
epigenetic clock, he is about three years younger than
his chronological age of 58.
New medications also show promise for improving
longevity, he said. "There's active research interest in
newer GLP-1 receptor agonists — e.g., the
Ozempic/Wegovy class — which are reshaping how we
think about metabolic health," said Dr. Horvath, adding
that the same is true for anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic
drugs.
Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard
tools across aging research, used by teams worldwide to
test what actually changes biological aging.
They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH
trial, where omega-3, vitamin D and exercise modestly
slowed epigenetic aging in adults older than 70; in the
Women's Health Initiative, where faster epigenetic aging
tracked with later cognitive impairment and dementia;
and in studies of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
This kind of population-level application aligns closely
with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy,
independent life expectancy.
Dr. Horvath's research has also shown that the cells of
different organs age at different rates. For instance, the
liver ages faster than other organs, he said, particularly in
the case of people with obesity.
Another discovery was that the blood and brain tissues of
human males age faster than those of females, which
might be the reason women live longer on average than
men across all cultures and countries.
Leading in aging research
The study of aging at the UCLA Division of Geriatrics
focuses on understanding the epidemiology of
age-related conditions such as frailty, cognitive
impairment and dementia, and improving the delivery of
compassionate, comprehensive care to older adults.
Dr. Horvath's return to UCLA will bolster the department's
role in aging research by translating his cellular research
to clinical trials, said Dr. Karlamangla.
"We want to be pioneers in all three aspects: cellular
research, clinical and population-level research, and
health services and implementation research," Dr.
Karlamangla said. "We are one of the pioneers in clinical
innovation for the delivery of healthcare to older adults,"
he said, an approach that is called bench to bedside.
Life expectancy is important, but even more important is
good health, which is necessary for independence, Dr.
Karlamangla emphasized. This is referred to as healthy
life expectancy, or independent life expectancy.
New work at UCLA
Along with serving as a professor, Dr. Horvath will return
to UCLA Health as director of aging biology research in
the Department of Medicine, working across 11 divisions.
In this way, he will work directly with doctors to apply
aging research to their patients. The move into the
Department of Medicine is deliberate: his focus now is translating discoveries from aging biology into care for
patients.
"What I'm most looking forward to in returning to UCLA is
the people and the collaborative environment," said Dr.
Horvath. "UCLA has remarkable strength across
medicine, computational biology, stem cell biology, and
the basic science of complex diseases, and being back in
that setting with former colleagues and future students is
what excites me most.
"It feels like the right place to do the next phase of this
work: helping to translate findings from aging biology into
the clinic."
https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/leader-study-longevity-returning
-ucla-health
Read the study case:
A teacher in a state school plans a sequence based on the UCLA Health article. The stated objective is for students to distinguish scientific findings from tentative claims and produce a concise evidence-based summary. The teacher intends to integrate a collaborative digital platform into the sequence.
Considering coherence among objectives, teaching activities, assessment evidence and the pedagogical use of digital technology, select the correct alternative.
A teacher in a state school plans a sequence based on the UCLA Health article. The stated objective is for students to distinguish scientific findings from tentative claims and produce a concise evidence-based summary. The teacher intends to integrate a collaborative digital platform into the sequence.
Considering coherence among objectives, teaching activities, assessment evidence and the pedagogical use of digital technology, select the correct alternative.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Professor II (Língua Estrangeira – Inglês) |
Q4392984
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
A leader in the study of longevity is returning to
UCLA Health
Renowned geroscientist and computational biologist
Steve Horvath, PhD, is returning as a professor in the
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA on July 1, after
4 1/2 years in the biotech industry. Previously, he was a
full-time professor of Human Genetics and Biostatistics at
UCLA for 22 years.
Geroscience is the modern term for the biology of aging.
Dr. Horvath, who was born in Germany, is internationally
known for his research into the aging process and, in
particular, epigenetics, how the environment influences
our genes, affecting a person's longevity.
His groundbreaking research, which he began at UCLA in
2011, looked at the "epigenetic age" of more than 13,000
DNA samples of people from the U.S. and Europe,
determined from the chemical modifications of their DNA
(also called DNA methylation).
People whose epigenetic age was higher than their
chronological age were shown to be at an increased risk
of death from all causes. From this, Dr. Horvath
developed the "epigenetic clock," a way of measuring
biological aging and mortality risk.
"The universal mammalian methylation clock was really a
UCLA triumph — a true team effort," said Dr. Horvath,
who received the 2026 Luminary Award at the Precision
Medicine World Conference. That project, part of the
international Mammalian Methylation Consortium that Dr.
Horvath led, drew on collaborators across UCLA,
including Jason Ernst, PhD; William Yang, MD, PhD;
Ebru Erbay, MD, PhD; Karen Sears, PhD; and Ren
Larison, PhD.
Aging is a growing field of study and the Division of
Geriatrics is a research leader.
"Aging happens at the cellular level — every tissue in the
human body shows signs of aging," explained Arun S.
Karlamangla, MD, PhD, chief of the UCLA Division of
Geriatrics. "The epigenetic profile is affected by stresses
in life. As we age, these stresses change DNA
functionality. Dr. Horvath's research showed that these
changes can be quantified and used to predict a person's
lifespan."
None of us has control over the DNA we're born with, but
we do have some control over how long we live.
"The epigenetic clock is one window into biological aging,
but it doesn't capture everything, and plenty of
well-established factors influence how long and how well
a person lives," said Dr. Horvath. "The strongest
evidence is for the basics: not smoking, maintaining a
healthy weight, a sensible diet, regular physical activity
and good sleep."
Dr. Horvath has run the test on himself and by the
epigenetic clock, he is about three years younger than
his chronological age of 58.
New medications also show promise for improving
longevity, he said. "There's active research interest in
newer GLP-1 receptor agonists — e.g., the
Ozempic/Wegovy class — which are reshaping how we
think about metabolic health," said Dr. Horvath, adding
that the same is true for anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic
drugs.
Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard
tools across aging research, used by teams worldwide to
test what actually changes biological aging.
They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH
trial, where omega-3, vitamin D and exercise modestly
slowed epigenetic aging in adults older than 70; in the
Women's Health Initiative, where faster epigenetic aging
tracked with later cognitive impairment and dementia;
and in studies of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
This kind of population-level application aligns closely
with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy,
independent life expectancy.
Dr. Horvath's research has also shown that the cells of
different organs age at different rates. For instance, the
liver ages faster than other organs, he said, particularly in
the case of people with obesity.
Another discovery was that the blood and brain tissues of
human males age faster than those of females, which
might be the reason women live longer on average than
men across all cultures and countries.
Leading in aging research
The study of aging at the UCLA Division of Geriatrics
focuses on understanding the epidemiology of
age-related conditions such as frailty, cognitive
impairment and dementia, and improving the delivery of
compassionate, comprehensive care to older adults.
Dr. Horvath's return to UCLA will bolster the department's
role in aging research by translating his cellular research
to clinical trials, said Dr. Karlamangla.
"We want to be pioneers in all three aspects: cellular
research, clinical and population-level research, and
health services and implementation research," Dr.
Karlamangla said. "We are one of the pioneers in clinical
innovation for the delivery of healthcare to older adults,"
he said, an approach that is called bench to bedside.
Life expectancy is important, but even more important is
good health, which is necessary for independence, Dr.
Karlamangla emphasized. This is referred to as healthy
life expectancy, or independent life expectancy.
New work at UCLA
Along with serving as a professor, Dr. Horvath will return
to UCLA Health as director of aging biology research in
the Department of Medicine, working across 11 divisions.
In this way, he will work directly with doctors to apply
aging research to their patients. The move into the
Department of Medicine is deliberate: his focus now is translating discoveries from aging biology into care for
patients.
"What I'm most looking forward to in returning to UCLA is
the people and the collaborative environment," said Dr.
Horvath. "UCLA has remarkable strength across
medicine, computational biology, stem cell biology, and
the basic science of complex diseases, and being back in
that setting with former colleagues and future students is
what excites me most.
"It feels like the right place to do the next phase of this
work: helping to translate findings from aging biology into
the clinic."
https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/leader-study-longevity-returning
-ucla-health
The article combines tense, voice and modality to
distinguish current relevance, research findings and
degrees of epistemic certainty. Consider the grammatical
choices made in the excerpts below.
Analyze the statements:
I.In "Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard tools across aging research", the Present Perfect relates a development originating in the past to a current state.
II.In "People whose epigenetic age was higher [...] were shown to be at an increased risk", the passive construction foregrounds the research finding rather than the researchers responsible for demonstrating it.
III.In "which might be the reason women live longer", the modal verb might presents the proposed explanation as a conclusion regarded by the writer as highly certain.
It is correct to state that:
Analyze the statements:
I.In "Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard tools across aging research", the Present Perfect relates a development originating in the past to a current state.
II.In "People whose epigenetic age was higher [...] were shown to be at an increased risk", the passive construction foregrounds the research finding rather than the researchers responsible for demonstrating it.
III.In "which might be the reason women live longer", the modal verb might presents the proposed explanation as a conclusion regarded by the writer as highly certain.
It is correct to state that:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Professor II (Língua Estrangeira – Inglês) |
Q4392983
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
A leader in the study of longevity is returning to
UCLA Health
Renowned geroscientist and computational biologist
Steve Horvath, PhD, is returning as a professor in the
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA on July 1, after
4 1/2 years in the biotech industry. Previously, he was a
full-time professor of Human Genetics and Biostatistics at
UCLA for 22 years.
Geroscience is the modern term for the biology of aging.
Dr. Horvath, who was born in Germany, is internationally
known for his research into the aging process and, in
particular, epigenetics, how the environment influences
our genes, affecting a person's longevity.
His groundbreaking research, which he began at UCLA in
2011, looked at the "epigenetic age" of more than 13,000
DNA samples of people from the U.S. and Europe,
determined from the chemical modifications of their DNA
(also called DNA methylation).
People whose epigenetic age was higher than their
chronological age were shown to be at an increased risk
of death from all causes. From this, Dr. Horvath
developed the "epigenetic clock," a way of measuring
biological aging and mortality risk.
"The universal mammalian methylation clock was really a
UCLA triumph — a true team effort," said Dr. Horvath,
who received the 2026 Luminary Award at the Precision
Medicine World Conference. That project, part of the
international Mammalian Methylation Consortium that Dr.
Horvath led, drew on collaborators across UCLA,
including Jason Ernst, PhD; William Yang, MD, PhD;
Ebru Erbay, MD, PhD; Karen Sears, PhD; and Ren
Larison, PhD.
Aging is a growing field of study and the Division of
Geriatrics is a research leader.
"Aging happens at the cellular level — every tissue in the
human body shows signs of aging," explained Arun S.
Karlamangla, MD, PhD, chief of the UCLA Division of
Geriatrics. "The epigenetic profile is affected by stresses
in life. As we age, these stresses change DNA
functionality. Dr. Horvath's research showed that these
changes can be quantified and used to predict a person's
lifespan."
None of us has control over the DNA we're born with, but
we do have some control over how long we live.
"The epigenetic clock is one window into biological aging,
but it doesn't capture everything, and plenty of
well-established factors influence how long and how well
a person lives," said Dr. Horvath. "The strongest
evidence is for the basics: not smoking, maintaining a
healthy weight, a sensible diet, regular physical activity
and good sleep."
Dr. Horvath has run the test on himself and by the
epigenetic clock, he is about three years younger than
his chronological age of 58.
New medications also show promise for improving
longevity, he said. "There's active research interest in
newer GLP-1 receptor agonists — e.g., the
Ozempic/Wegovy class — which are reshaping how we
think about metabolic health," said Dr. Horvath, adding
that the same is true for anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic
drugs.
Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard
tools across aging research, used by teams worldwide to
test what actually changes biological aging.
They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH
trial, where omega-3, vitamin D and exercise modestly
slowed epigenetic aging in adults older than 70; in the
Women's Health Initiative, where faster epigenetic aging
tracked with later cognitive impairment and dementia;
and in studies of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
This kind of population-level application aligns closely
with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy,
independent life expectancy.
Dr. Horvath's research has also shown that the cells of
different organs age at different rates. For instance, the
liver ages faster than other organs, he said, particularly in
the case of people with obesity.
Another discovery was that the blood and brain tissues of
human males age faster than those of females, which
might be the reason women live longer on average than
men across all cultures and countries.
Leading in aging research
The study of aging at the UCLA Division of Geriatrics
focuses on understanding the epidemiology of
age-related conditions such as frailty, cognitive
impairment and dementia, and improving the delivery of
compassionate, comprehensive care to older adults.
Dr. Horvath's return to UCLA will bolster the department's
role in aging research by translating his cellular research
to clinical trials, said Dr. Karlamangla.
"We want to be pioneers in all three aspects: cellular
research, clinical and population-level research, and
health services and implementation research," Dr.
Karlamangla said. "We are one of the pioneers in clinical
innovation for the delivery of healthcare to older adults,"
he said, an approach that is called bench to bedside.
Life expectancy is important, but even more important is
good health, which is necessary for independence, Dr.
Karlamangla emphasized. This is referred to as healthy
life expectancy, or independent life expectancy.
New work at UCLA
Along with serving as a professor, Dr. Horvath will return
to UCLA Health as director of aging biology research in
the Department of Medicine, working across 11 divisions.
In this way, he will work directly with doctors to apply
aging research to their patients. The move into the
Department of Medicine is deliberate: his focus now is translating discoveries from aging biology into care for
patients.
"What I'm most looking forward to in returning to UCLA is
the people and the collaborative environment," said Dr.
Horvath. "UCLA has remarkable strength across
medicine, computational biology, stem cell biology, and
the basic science of complex diseases, and being back in
that setting with former colleagues and future students is
what excites me most.
"It feels like the right place to do the next phase of this
work: helping to translate findings from aging biology into
the clinic."
https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/leader-study-longevity-returning
-ucla-health
A public-school teacher uses the article to design tasks
that require different reading strategies, from locating
information to examining how scientific claims are framed
and supported.
Judge the statements below as True (T) or False (F):
(__)Reading the title, section headings and opening paragraphs rapidly to identify the article's general focus is consistent with skimming.
(__)Searching the article specifically for figures such as "13,000 DNA samples", "58" and "11 divisions" is an example of scanning.
(__)Concluding that the article proves newer medications extend human lifespan is a valid inference because the expression "show promise" presents their effectiveness as established.
(__)Examining how the institutional source presents UCLA's research achievements and comparing promotional framing with the strength of the evidence is compatible with critical literacy.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is:
Judge the statements below as True (T) or False (F):
(__)Reading the title, section headings and opening paragraphs rapidly to identify the article's general focus is consistent with skimming.
(__)Searching the article specifically for figures such as "13,000 DNA samples", "58" and "11 divisions" is an example of scanning.
(__)Concluding that the article proves newer medications extend human lifespan is a valid inference because the expression "show promise" presents their effectiveness as established.
(__)Examining how the institutional source presents UCLA's research achievements and comparing promotional framing with the strength of the evidence is compatible with critical literacy.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Professor II (Língua Estrangeira – Inglês) |
Q4392982
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
A leader in the study of longevity is returning to
UCLA Health
Renowned geroscientist and computational biologist
Steve Horvath, PhD, is returning as a professor in the
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA on July 1, after
4 1/2 years in the biotech industry. Previously, he was a
full-time professor of Human Genetics and Biostatistics at
UCLA for 22 years.
Geroscience is the modern term for the biology of aging.
Dr. Horvath, who was born in Germany, is internationally
known for his research into the aging process and, in
particular, epigenetics, how the environment influences
our genes, affecting a person's longevity.
His groundbreaking research, which he began at UCLA in
2011, looked at the "epigenetic age" of more than 13,000
DNA samples of people from the U.S. and Europe,
determined from the chemical modifications of their DNA
(also called DNA methylation).
People whose epigenetic age was higher than their
chronological age were shown to be at an increased risk
of death from all causes. From this, Dr. Horvath
developed the "epigenetic clock," a way of measuring
biological aging and mortality risk.
"The universal mammalian methylation clock was really a
UCLA triumph — a true team effort," said Dr. Horvath,
who received the 2026 Luminary Award at the Precision
Medicine World Conference. That project, part of the
international Mammalian Methylation Consortium that Dr.
Horvath led, drew on collaborators across UCLA,
including Jason Ernst, PhD; William Yang, MD, PhD;
Ebru Erbay, MD, PhD; Karen Sears, PhD; and Ren
Larison, PhD.
Aging is a growing field of study and the Division of
Geriatrics is a research leader.
"Aging happens at the cellular level — every tissue in the
human body shows signs of aging," explained Arun S.
Karlamangla, MD, PhD, chief of the UCLA Division of
Geriatrics. "The epigenetic profile is affected by stresses
in life. As we age, these stresses change DNA
functionality. Dr. Horvath's research showed that these
changes can be quantified and used to predict a person's
lifespan."
None of us has control over the DNA we're born with, but
we do have some control over how long we live.
"The epigenetic clock is one window into biological aging,
but it doesn't capture everything, and plenty of
well-established factors influence how long and how well
a person lives," said Dr. Horvath. "The strongest
evidence is for the basics: not smoking, maintaining a
healthy weight, a sensible diet, regular physical activity
and good sleep."
Dr. Horvath has run the test on himself and by the
epigenetic clock, he is about three years younger than
his chronological age of 58.
New medications also show promise for improving
longevity, he said. "There's active research interest in
newer GLP-1 receptor agonists — e.g., the
Ozempic/Wegovy class — which are reshaping how we
think about metabolic health," said Dr. Horvath, adding
that the same is true for anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic
drugs.
Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard
tools across aging research, used by teams worldwide to
test what actually changes biological aging.
They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH
trial, where omega-3, vitamin D and exercise modestly
slowed epigenetic aging in adults older than 70; in the
Women's Health Initiative, where faster epigenetic aging
tracked with later cognitive impairment and dementia;
and in studies of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
This kind of population-level application aligns closely
with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy,
independent life expectancy.
Dr. Horvath's research has also shown that the cells of
different organs age at different rates. For instance, the
liver ages faster than other organs, he said, particularly in
the case of people with obesity.
Another discovery was that the blood and brain tissues of
human males age faster than those of females, which
might be the reason women live longer on average than
men across all cultures and countries.
Leading in aging research
The study of aging at the UCLA Division of Geriatrics
focuses on understanding the epidemiology of
age-related conditions such as frailty, cognitive
impairment and dementia, and improving the delivery of
compassionate, comprehensive care to older adults.
Dr. Horvath's return to UCLA will bolster the department's
role in aging research by translating his cellular research
to clinical trials, said Dr. Karlamangla.
"We want to be pioneers in all three aspects: cellular
research, clinical and population-level research, and
health services and implementation research," Dr.
Karlamangla said. "We are one of the pioneers in clinical
innovation for the delivery of healthcare to older adults,"
he said, an approach that is called bench to bedside.
Life expectancy is important, but even more important is
good health, which is necessary for independence, Dr.
Karlamangla emphasized. This is referred to as healthy
life expectancy, or independent life expectancy.
New work at UCLA
Along with serving as a professor, Dr. Horvath will return
to UCLA Health as director of aging biology research in
the Department of Medicine, working across 11 divisions.
In this way, he will work directly with doctors to apply
aging research to their patients. The move into the
Department of Medicine is deliberate: his focus now is translating discoveries from aging biology into care for
patients.
"What I'm most looking forward to in returning to UCLA is
the people and the collaborative environment," said Dr.
Horvath. "UCLA has remarkable strength across
medicine, computational biology, stem cell biology, and
the basic science of complex diseases, and being back in
that setting with former colleagues and future students is
what excites me most.
"It feels like the right place to do the next phase of this
work: helping to translate findings from aging biology into
the clinic."
https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/leader-study-longevity-returning
-ucla-health
A public-school English teacher uses the UCLA Health
article to assess whether students can distinguish
established findings from hypotheses and emerging
possibilities. Such distinctions depend on close reading
of lexical choices that indicate different degrees of
certainty.
Based on the text, judge the statements below as True (T) or False (F):
(__)The epigenetic clock is presented as one useful measure of biological aging rather than as a complete explanation of longevity.
(__)The text establishes as a demonstrated causal fact that faster aging of male blood and brain tissues explains the difference in life expectancy between men and women.
(__)Lifestyle practices such as physical activity, adequate sleep and not smoking are presented as supported by stronger evidence than the newer medications discussed.
(__)The expression "bench to bedside" describes a movement from clinical observations toward laboratory research without direct application to patient care.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is:
Based on the text, judge the statements below as True (T) or False (F):
(__)The epigenetic clock is presented as one useful measure of biological aging rather than as a complete explanation of longevity.
(__)The text establishes as a demonstrated causal fact that faster aging of male blood and brain tissues explains the difference in life expectancy between men and women.
(__)Lifestyle practices such as physical activity, adequate sleep and not smoking are presented as supported by stronger evidence than the newer medications discussed.
(__)The expression "bench to bedside" describes a movement from clinical observations toward laboratory research without direct application to patient care.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Professor II (Língua Estrangeira – Inglês) |
Q4392981
Pedagogia
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
A leader in the study of longevity is returning to
UCLA Health
Renowned geroscientist and computational biologist
Steve Horvath, PhD, is returning as a professor in the
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA on July 1, after
4 1/2 years in the biotech industry. Previously, he was a
full-time professor of Human Genetics and Biostatistics at
UCLA for 22 years.
Geroscience is the modern term for the biology of aging.
Dr. Horvath, who was born in Germany, is internationally
known for his research into the aging process and, in
particular, epigenetics, how the environment influences
our genes, affecting a person's longevity.
His groundbreaking research, which he began at UCLA in
2011, looked at the "epigenetic age" of more than 13,000
DNA samples of people from the U.S. and Europe,
determined from the chemical modifications of their DNA
(also called DNA methylation).
People whose epigenetic age was higher than their
chronological age were shown to be at an increased risk
of death from all causes. From this, Dr. Horvath
developed the "epigenetic clock," a way of measuring
biological aging and mortality risk.
"The universal mammalian methylation clock was really a
UCLA triumph — a true team effort," said Dr. Horvath,
who received the 2026 Luminary Award at the Precision
Medicine World Conference. That project, part of the
international Mammalian Methylation Consortium that Dr.
Horvath led, drew on collaborators across UCLA,
including Jason Ernst, PhD; William Yang, MD, PhD;
Ebru Erbay, MD, PhD; Karen Sears, PhD; and Ren
Larison, PhD.
Aging is a growing field of study and the Division of
Geriatrics is a research leader.
"Aging happens at the cellular level — every tissue in the
human body shows signs of aging," explained Arun S.
Karlamangla, MD, PhD, chief of the UCLA Division of
Geriatrics. "The epigenetic profile is affected by stresses
in life. As we age, these stresses change DNA
functionality. Dr. Horvath's research showed that these
changes can be quantified and used to predict a person's
lifespan."
None of us has control over the DNA we're born with, but
we do have some control over how long we live.
"The epigenetic clock is one window into biological aging,
but it doesn't capture everything, and plenty of
well-established factors influence how long and how well
a person lives," said Dr. Horvath. "The strongest
evidence is for the basics: not smoking, maintaining a
healthy weight, a sensible diet, regular physical activity
and good sleep."
Dr. Horvath has run the test on himself and by the
epigenetic clock, he is about three years younger than
his chronological age of 58.
New medications also show promise for improving
longevity, he said. "There's active research interest in
newer GLP-1 receptor agonists — e.g., the
Ozempic/Wegovy class — which are reshaping how we
think about metabolic health," said Dr. Horvath, adding
that the same is true for anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic
drugs.
Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard
tools across aging research, used by teams worldwide to
test what actually changes biological aging.
They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH
trial, where omega-3, vitamin D and exercise modestly
slowed epigenetic aging in adults older than 70; in the
Women's Health Initiative, where faster epigenetic aging
tracked with later cognitive impairment and dementia;
and in studies of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
This kind of population-level application aligns closely
with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy,
independent life expectancy.
Dr. Horvath's research has also shown that the cells of
different organs age at different rates. For instance, the
liver ages faster than other organs, he said, particularly in
the case of people with obesity.
Another discovery was that the blood and brain tissues of
human males age faster than those of females, which
might be the reason women live longer on average than
men across all cultures and countries.
Leading in aging research
The study of aging at the UCLA Division of Geriatrics
focuses on understanding the epidemiology of
age-related conditions such as frailty, cognitive
impairment and dementia, and improving the delivery of
compassionate, comprehensive care to older adults.
Dr. Horvath's return to UCLA will bolster the department's
role in aging research by translating his cellular research
to clinical trials, said Dr. Karlamangla.
"We want to be pioneers in all three aspects: cellular
research, clinical and population-level research, and
health services and implementation research," Dr.
Karlamangla said. "We are one of the pioneers in clinical
innovation for the delivery of healthcare to older adults,"
he said, an approach that is called bench to bedside.
Life expectancy is important, but even more important is
good health, which is necessary for independence, Dr.
Karlamangla emphasized. This is referred to as healthy
life expectancy, or independent life expectancy.
New work at UCLA
Along with serving as a professor, Dr. Horvath will return
to UCLA Health as director of aging biology research in
the Department of Medicine, working across 11 divisions.
In this way, he will work directly with doctors to apply
aging research to their patients. The move into the
Department of Medicine is deliberate: his focus now is translating discoveries from aging biology into care for
patients.
"What I'm most looking forward to in returning to UCLA is
the people and the collaborative environment," said Dr.
Horvath. "UCLA has remarkable strength across
medicine, computational biology, stem cell biology, and
the basic science of complex diseases, and being back in
that setting with former colleagues and future students is
what excites me most.
"It feels like the right place to do the next phase of this
work: helping to translate findings from aging biology into
the clinic."
https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/leader-study-longevity-returning
-ucla-health
Read the study case:
An English teacher in a public secondary school intends to use the UCLA Health article through Task-Based Language Teaching. The students already possess enough linguistic support to work with the text. The teacher wants the lesson to retain a genuine communicative outcome while also creating opportunities for subsequent attention to language.
Considering TBLT (Task-Based Language Teaching) principles, select the correct alternative.
An English teacher in a public secondary school intends to use the UCLA Health article through Task-Based Language Teaching. The students already possess enough linguistic support to work with the text. The teacher wants the lesson to retain a genuine communicative outcome while also creating opportunities for subsequent attention to language.
Considering TBLT (Task-Based Language Teaching) principles, select the correct alternative.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Professor II (Língua Estrangeira – Inglês) |
Q4392980
Pedagogia
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
A leader in the study of longevity is returning to
UCLA Health
Renowned geroscientist and computational biologist
Steve Horvath, PhD, is returning as a professor in the
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA on July 1, after
4 1/2 years in the biotech industry. Previously, he was a
full-time professor of Human Genetics and Biostatistics at
UCLA for 22 years.
Geroscience is the modern term for the biology of aging.
Dr. Horvath, who was born in Germany, is internationally
known for his research into the aging process and, in
particular, epigenetics, how the environment influences
our genes, affecting a person's longevity.
His groundbreaking research, which he began at UCLA in
2011, looked at the "epigenetic age" of more than 13,000
DNA samples of people from the U.S. and Europe,
determined from the chemical modifications of their DNA
(also called DNA methylation).
People whose epigenetic age was higher than their
chronological age were shown to be at an increased risk
of death from all causes. From this, Dr. Horvath
developed the "epigenetic clock," a way of measuring
biological aging and mortality risk.
"The universal mammalian methylation clock was really a
UCLA triumph — a true team effort," said Dr. Horvath,
who received the 2026 Luminary Award at the Precision
Medicine World Conference. That project, part of the
international Mammalian Methylation Consortium that Dr.
Horvath led, drew on collaborators across UCLA,
including Jason Ernst, PhD; William Yang, MD, PhD;
Ebru Erbay, MD, PhD; Karen Sears, PhD; and Ren
Larison, PhD.
Aging is a growing field of study and the Division of
Geriatrics is a research leader.
"Aging happens at the cellular level — every tissue in the
human body shows signs of aging," explained Arun S.
Karlamangla, MD, PhD, chief of the UCLA Division of
Geriatrics. "The epigenetic profile is affected by stresses
in life. As we age, these stresses change DNA
functionality. Dr. Horvath's research showed that these
changes can be quantified and used to predict a person's
lifespan."
None of us has control over the DNA we're born with, but
we do have some control over how long we live.
"The epigenetic clock is one window into biological aging,
but it doesn't capture everything, and plenty of
well-established factors influence how long and how well
a person lives," said Dr. Horvath. "The strongest
evidence is for the basics: not smoking, maintaining a
healthy weight, a sensible diet, regular physical activity
and good sleep."
Dr. Horvath has run the test on himself and by the
epigenetic clock, he is about three years younger than
his chronological age of 58.
New medications also show promise for improving
longevity, he said. "There's active research interest in
newer GLP-1 receptor agonists — e.g., the
Ozempic/Wegovy class — which are reshaping how we
think about metabolic health," said Dr. Horvath, adding
that the same is true for anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic
drugs.
Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard
tools across aging research, used by teams worldwide to
test what actually changes biological aging.
They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH
trial, where omega-3, vitamin D and exercise modestly
slowed epigenetic aging in adults older than 70; in the
Women's Health Initiative, where faster epigenetic aging
tracked with later cognitive impairment and dementia;
and in studies of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
This kind of population-level application aligns closely
with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy,
independent life expectancy.
Dr. Horvath's research has also shown that the cells of
different organs age at different rates. For instance, the
liver ages faster than other organs, he said, particularly in
the case of people with obesity.
Another discovery was that the blood and brain tissues of
human males age faster than those of females, which
might be the reason women live longer on average than
men across all cultures and countries.
Leading in aging research
The study of aging at the UCLA Division of Geriatrics
focuses on understanding the epidemiology of
age-related conditions such as frailty, cognitive
impairment and dementia, and improving the delivery of
compassionate, comprehensive care to older adults.
Dr. Horvath's return to UCLA will bolster the department's
role in aging research by translating his cellular research
to clinical trials, said Dr. Karlamangla.
"We want to be pioneers in all three aspects: cellular
research, clinical and population-level research, and
health services and implementation research," Dr.
Karlamangla said. "We are one of the pioneers in clinical
innovation for the delivery of healthcare to older adults,"
he said, an approach that is called bench to bedside.
Life expectancy is important, but even more important is
good health, which is necessary for independence, Dr.
Karlamangla emphasized. This is referred to as healthy
life expectancy, or independent life expectancy.
New work at UCLA
Along with serving as a professor, Dr. Horvath will return
to UCLA Health as director of aging biology research in
the Department of Medicine, working across 11 divisions.
In this way, he will work directly with doctors to apply
aging research to their patients. The move into the
Department of Medicine is deliberate: his focus now is translating discoveries from aging biology into care for
patients.
"What I'm most looking forward to in returning to UCLA is
the people and the collaborative environment," said Dr.
Horvath. "UCLA has remarkable strength across
medicine, computational biology, stem cell biology, and
the basic science of complex diseases, and being back in
that setting with former colleagues and future students is
what excites me most.
"It feels like the right place to do the next phase of this
work: helping to translate findings from aging biology into
the clinic."
https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/leader-study-longevity-returning
-ucla-health
Read the study case:
After students read the article, a public-school teacher asks them to explain the concept of the "epigenetic clock" to a non-specialist audience. Before the activity, the class receives criteria concerning accuracy, clarity, use of evidence and linguistic appropriateness. The teacher then analyses the first versions, provides criterion-based feedback and allows students to revise their texts before the final submission.
In this situation, what clearly characterizes the assessment as formative?
After students read the article, a public-school teacher asks them to explain the concept of the "epigenetic clock" to a non-specialist audience. Before the activity, the class receives criteria concerning accuracy, clarity, use of evidence and linguistic appropriateness. The teacher then analyses the first versions, provides criterion-based feedback and allows students to revise their texts before the final submission.
In this situation, what clearly characterizes the assessment as formative?
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Professor II (Língua Estrangeira – Inglês) |
Q4392979
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
A leader in the study of longevity is returning to
UCLA Health
Renowned geroscientist and computational biologist
Steve Horvath, PhD, is returning as a professor in the
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA on July 1, after
4 1/2 years in the biotech industry. Previously, he was a
full-time professor of Human Genetics and Biostatistics at
UCLA for 22 years.
Geroscience is the modern term for the biology of aging.
Dr. Horvath, who was born in Germany, is internationally
known for his research into the aging process and, in
particular, epigenetics, how the environment influences
our genes, affecting a person's longevity.
His groundbreaking research, which he began at UCLA in
2011, looked at the "epigenetic age" of more than 13,000
DNA samples of people from the U.S. and Europe,
determined from the chemical modifications of their DNA
(also called DNA methylation).
People whose epigenetic age was higher than their
chronological age were shown to be at an increased risk
of death from all causes. From this, Dr. Horvath
developed the "epigenetic clock," a way of measuring
biological aging and mortality risk.
"The universal mammalian methylation clock was really a
UCLA triumph — a true team effort," said Dr. Horvath,
who received the 2026 Luminary Award at the Precision
Medicine World Conference. That project, part of the
international Mammalian Methylation Consortium that Dr.
Horvath led, drew on collaborators across UCLA,
including Jason Ernst, PhD; William Yang, MD, PhD;
Ebru Erbay, MD, PhD; Karen Sears, PhD; and Ren
Larison, PhD.
Aging is a growing field of study and the Division of
Geriatrics is a research leader.
"Aging happens at the cellular level — every tissue in the
human body shows signs of aging," explained Arun S.
Karlamangla, MD, PhD, chief of the UCLA Division of
Geriatrics. "The epigenetic profile is affected by stresses
in life. As we age, these stresses change DNA
functionality. Dr. Horvath's research showed that these
changes can be quantified and used to predict a person's
lifespan."
None of us has control over the DNA we're born with, but
we do have some control over how long we live.
"The epigenetic clock is one window into biological aging,
but it doesn't capture everything, and plenty of
well-established factors influence how long and how well
a person lives," said Dr. Horvath. "The strongest
evidence is for the basics: not smoking, maintaining a
healthy weight, a sensible diet, regular physical activity
and good sleep."
Dr. Horvath has run the test on himself and by the
epigenetic clock, he is about three years younger than
his chronological age of 58.
New medications also show promise for improving
longevity, he said. "There's active research interest in
newer GLP-1 receptor agonists — e.g., the
Ozempic/Wegovy class — which are reshaping how we
think about metabolic health," said Dr. Horvath, adding
that the same is true for anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic
drugs.
Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard
tools across aging research, used by teams worldwide to
test what actually changes biological aging.
They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH
trial, where omega-3, vitamin D and exercise modestly
slowed epigenetic aging in adults older than 70; in the
Women's Health Initiative, where faster epigenetic aging
tracked with later cognitive impairment and dementia;
and in studies of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
This kind of population-level application aligns closely
with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy,
independent life expectancy.
Dr. Horvath's research has also shown that the cells of
different organs age at different rates. For instance, the
liver ages faster than other organs, he said, particularly in
the case of people with obesity.
Another discovery was that the blood and brain tissues of
human males age faster than those of females, which
might be the reason women live longer on average than
men across all cultures and countries.
Leading in aging research
The study of aging at the UCLA Division of Geriatrics
focuses on understanding the epidemiology of
age-related conditions such as frailty, cognitive
impairment and dementia, and improving the delivery of
compassionate, comprehensive care to older adults.
Dr. Horvath's return to UCLA will bolster the department's
role in aging research by translating his cellular research
to clinical trials, said Dr. Karlamangla.
"We want to be pioneers in all three aspects: cellular
research, clinical and population-level research, and
health services and implementation research," Dr.
Karlamangla said. "We are one of the pioneers in clinical
innovation for the delivery of healthcare to older adults,"
he said, an approach that is called bench to bedside.
Life expectancy is important, but even more important is
good health, which is necessary for independence, Dr.
Karlamangla emphasized. This is referred to as healthy
life expectancy, or independent life expectancy.
New work at UCLA
Along with serving as a professor, Dr. Horvath will return
to UCLA Health as director of aging biology research in
the Department of Medicine, working across 11 divisions.
In this way, he will work directly with doctors to apply
aging research to their patients. The move into the
Department of Medicine is deliberate: his focus now is translating discoveries from aging biology into care for
patients.
"What I'm most looking forward to in returning to UCLA is
the people and the collaborative environment," said Dr.
Horvath. "UCLA has remarkable strength across
medicine, computational biology, stem cell biology, and
the basic science of complex diseases, and being back in
that setting with former colleagues and future students is
what excites me most.
"It feels like the right place to do the next phase of this
work: helping to translate findings from aging biology into
the clinic."
https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/leader-study-longevity-returning
-ucla-health
The article uses reference chains to connect research
tools, studies and conclusions across sentences.
Consider the following passage:
"Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard tools across aging research [...]. They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH trial [...] and in the Women's Health Initiative [...]. This kind of population-level application aligns closely with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy, independent life expectancy."
Considering textual cohesion, select the correct alternative.
"Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard tools across aging research [...]. They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH trial [...] and in the Women's Health Initiative [...]. This kind of population-level application aligns closely with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy, independent life expectancy."
Considering textual cohesion, select the correct alternative.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Professor II (Língua Estrangeira – Inglês) |
Q4392978
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
A leader in the study of longevity is returning to
UCLA Health
Renowned geroscientist and computational biologist
Steve Horvath, PhD, is returning as a professor in the
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA on July 1, after
4 1/2 years in the biotech industry. Previously, he was a
full-time professor of Human Genetics and Biostatistics at
UCLA for 22 years.
Geroscience is the modern term for the biology of aging.
Dr. Horvath, who was born in Germany, is internationally
known for his research into the aging process and, in
particular, epigenetics, how the environment influences
our genes, affecting a person's longevity.
His groundbreaking research, which he began at UCLA in
2011, looked at the "epigenetic age" of more than 13,000
DNA samples of people from the U.S. and Europe,
determined from the chemical modifications of their DNA
(also called DNA methylation).
People whose epigenetic age was higher than their
chronological age were shown to be at an increased risk
of death from all causes. From this, Dr. Horvath
developed the "epigenetic clock," a way of measuring
biological aging and mortality risk.
"The universal mammalian methylation clock was really a
UCLA triumph — a true team effort," said Dr. Horvath,
who received the 2026 Luminary Award at the Precision
Medicine World Conference. That project, part of the
international Mammalian Methylation Consortium that Dr.
Horvath led, drew on collaborators across UCLA,
including Jason Ernst, PhD; William Yang, MD, PhD;
Ebru Erbay, MD, PhD; Karen Sears, PhD; and Ren
Larison, PhD.
Aging is a growing field of study and the Division of
Geriatrics is a research leader.
"Aging happens at the cellular level — every tissue in the
human body shows signs of aging," explained Arun S.
Karlamangla, MD, PhD, chief of the UCLA Division of
Geriatrics. "The epigenetic profile is affected by stresses
in life. As we age, these stresses change DNA
functionality. Dr. Horvath's research showed that these
changes can be quantified and used to predict a person's
lifespan."
None of us has control over the DNA we're born with, but
we do have some control over how long we live.
"The epigenetic clock is one window into biological aging,
but it doesn't capture everything, and plenty of
well-established factors influence how long and how well
a person lives," said Dr. Horvath. "The strongest
evidence is for the basics: not smoking, maintaining a
healthy weight, a sensible diet, regular physical activity
and good sleep."
Dr. Horvath has run the test on himself and by the
epigenetic clock, he is about three years younger than
his chronological age of 58.
New medications also show promise for improving
longevity, he said. "There's active research interest in
newer GLP-1 receptor agonists — e.g., the
Ozempic/Wegovy class — which are reshaping how we
think about metabolic health," said Dr. Horvath, adding
that the same is true for anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic
drugs.
Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard
tools across aging research, used by teams worldwide to
test what actually changes biological aging.
They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH
trial, where omega-3, vitamin D and exercise modestly
slowed epigenetic aging in adults older than 70; in the
Women's Health Initiative, where faster epigenetic aging
tracked with later cognitive impairment and dementia;
and in studies of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
This kind of population-level application aligns closely
with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy,
independent life expectancy.
Dr. Horvath's research has also shown that the cells of
different organs age at different rates. For instance, the
liver ages faster than other organs, he said, particularly in
the case of people with obesity.
Another discovery was that the blood and brain tissues of
human males age faster than those of females, which
might be the reason women live longer on average than
men across all cultures and countries.
Leading in aging research
The study of aging at the UCLA Division of Geriatrics
focuses on understanding the epidemiology of
age-related conditions such as frailty, cognitive
impairment and dementia, and improving the delivery of
compassionate, comprehensive care to older adults.
Dr. Horvath's return to UCLA will bolster the department's
role in aging research by translating his cellular research
to clinical trials, said Dr. Karlamangla.
"We want to be pioneers in all three aspects: cellular
research, clinical and population-level research, and
health services and implementation research," Dr.
Karlamangla said. "We are one of the pioneers in clinical
innovation for the delivery of healthcare to older adults,"
he said, an approach that is called bench to bedside.
Life expectancy is important, but even more important is
good health, which is necessary for independence, Dr.
Karlamangla emphasized. This is referred to as healthy
life expectancy, or independent life expectancy.
New work at UCLA
Along with serving as a professor, Dr. Horvath will return
to UCLA Health as director of aging biology research in
the Department of Medicine, working across 11 divisions.
In this way, he will work directly with doctors to apply
aging research to their patients. The move into the
Department of Medicine is deliberate: his focus now is translating discoveries from aging biology into care for
patients.
"What I'm most looking forward to in returning to UCLA is
the people and the collaborative environment," said Dr.
Horvath. "UCLA has remarkable strength across
medicine, computational biology, stem cell biology, and
the basic science of complex diseases, and being back in
that setting with former colleagues and future students is
what excites me most.
"It feels like the right place to do the next phase of this
work: helping to translate findings from aging biology into
the clinic."
https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/leader-study-longevity-returning
-ucla-health
The article uses phrasal and prepositional expressions as
well as discourse markers to establish relationships
between ideas and avoid overly literal interpretation of
individual words.
Judge the statements below as True (T) or False (F):
(__)In "From this, Dr. Horvath developed the 'epigenetic clock'", From this establishes a relationship between the preceding finding and the subsequent development.
(__)In "For instance, the liver ages faster than other organs", For instance introduces a specific example supporting the preceding general statement.
(__)In "Along with serving as a professor", Along with establishes a contrast between Dr. Horvath's academic position and his other institutional role.
(__)In "the project [...] drew on collaborators across UCLA", drew on means that the project made use of the expertise or contribution of those collaborators.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is:
Judge the statements below as True (T) or False (F):
(__)In "From this, Dr. Horvath developed the 'epigenetic clock'", From this establishes a relationship between the preceding finding and the subsequent development.
(__)In "For instance, the liver ages faster than other organs", For instance introduces a specific example supporting the preceding general statement.
(__)In "Along with serving as a professor", Along with establishes a contrast between Dr. Horvath's academic position and his other institutional role.
(__)In "the project [...] drew on collaborators across UCLA", drew on means that the project made use of the expertise or contribution of those collaborators.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Nutricionista |
Q4392902
Direito Constitucional
Aprovado um projeto de lei na Câmara Municipal de
Barra Bonita, a assessoria jurídica precisou montar o
fluxo dos atos seguintes para orientar o controle de
prazos, considerando a hipótese em que o Prefeito
decide vetar o texto. O roteiro deve refletir a ordem em
que os atos se sucedem, e não a ordem em que os
prazos aparecem no texto legal.
Ordene os atos a seguir conforme a sequência em que ocorrem, segundo a Lei Orgânica do Município.
I.Envio do projeto aprovado ao Prefeito, no prazo de dez dias úteis.
II.Comunicação dos motivos do veto ao Presidente da Câmara, dentro de quarenta e oito horas.
III.Aposição de veto total ou parcial pelo Prefeito, no prazo de quinze dias úteis contados do recebimento.
A sequência correta é:
Ordene os atos a seguir conforme a sequência em que ocorrem, segundo a Lei Orgânica do Município.
I.Envio do projeto aprovado ao Prefeito, no prazo de dez dias úteis.
II.Comunicação dos motivos do veto ao Presidente da Câmara, dentro de quarenta e oito horas.
III.Aposição de veto total ou parcial pelo Prefeito, no prazo de quinze dias úteis contados do recebimento.
A sequência correta é:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Nutricionista |
Q4392901
História e Geografia de Estados e Municípios
Ao preparar o diagnóstico que acompanha um plano
municipal, uma equipe técnica de Barra Bonita reuniu
indicadores do Censo de 2022 e dados territoriais do
Município, comparando-os com a posição de Santa
Catarina no conjunto da Região Sul. O objetivo era situar
corretamente o porte demográfico do Município e a
dimensão do Estado antes de definir as metas do plano.
Julgue as afirmativas a seguir em verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F).
(__)Barra Bonita figura entre os municípios mais populosos de Santa Catarina.
(__)O território municipal tem pouco mais de 92 km², o que resulta em baixa densidade demográfica.
(__)Santa Catarina é o menor dos três estados da Região Sul em extensão territorial.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência correta, de cima para baixo.
Julgue as afirmativas a seguir em verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F).
(__)Barra Bonita figura entre os municípios mais populosos de Santa Catarina.
(__)O território municipal tem pouco mais de 92 km², o que resulta em baixa densidade demográfica.
(__)Santa Catarina é o menor dos três estados da Região Sul em extensão territorial.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência correta, de cima para baixo.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Nutricionista |
Q4392900
Legislação dos Municípios do Estado de Santa Catarina
Em um exercício financeiro atípico, o Tribunal de Contas
do Estado não encaminhou à Câmara Municipal de Barra
Bonita o parecer prévio sobre as contas anuais dentro do
prazo esperado, e um grupo de vereadores manifestou
intenção de deliberar em sentido diverso do parecer
relativo ao exercício anterior. A assessoria precisou
expor ao plenário como a Lei Orgânica estrutura o
controle externo e quais quóruns e prazos incidem em
cada hipótese.
Sobre a fiscalização contábil, financeira e orçamentária prevista na Lei Orgânica do Município de Barra Bonita, analise as afirmativas a seguir.
I.O controle externo, a cargo da Câmara Municipal, é exercido com o auxílio do Tribunal de Contas do Estado.
II.O parecer prévio emitido pelo Tribunal de Contas somente deixa de prevalecer por decisão de dois terços dos membros da Câmara Municipal.
III.A Câmara julgará as contas independentemente do parecer prévio, caso o Tribunal de Contas não o emita até o último dia do exercício financeiro em que foram prestadas.
Está correto o que se afirma em:
Sobre a fiscalização contábil, financeira e orçamentária prevista na Lei Orgânica do Município de Barra Bonita, analise as afirmativas a seguir.
I.O controle externo, a cargo da Câmara Municipal, é exercido com o auxílio do Tribunal de Contas do Estado.
II.O parecer prévio emitido pelo Tribunal de Contas somente deixa de prevalecer por decisão de dois terços dos membros da Câmara Municipal.
III.A Câmara julgará as contas independentemente do parecer prévio, caso o Tribunal de Contas não o emita até o último dia do exercício financeiro em que foram prestadas.
Está correto o que se afirma em:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Nutricionista |
Q4392899
Geografia
Em janeiro de 2026, após vinte e seis anos de
negociações iniciadas ainda em 1999, o Mercosul e a
União Europeia assinaram o acordo de parceria e
comércio entre os dois blocos. A cerimônia foi realizada
no mesmo edifício em que, em 1991, fora firmado o
tratado que criou o bloco sul-americano, o que conferiu
forte carga simbólica ao ato. O acordo prevê eliminação
gradual de tarifas sobre mais de noventa por cento do
comércio bilateral e ainda depende de ratificação
parlamentar.
A cidade em que o acordo entre o Mercosul e a União Europeia foi assinado é:
A cidade em que o acordo entre o Mercosul e a União Europeia foi assinado é:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Nutricionista |
Q4392897
Português
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
Inteligência artificial está cada vez mais difícil de se
controlar
Um agente de inteligência artificial publicou um
comentário semelhante ao de um humano após
descobrir uma maneira de se comunicar com outros
agentes e escapar de seu ambiente computacional
isolado. Existem dezenas de milhares de mensagens
desse tipo enviadas por centenas de agentes que se
autodenominam um coletivo. Centenas deles passaram a
colaborar e a fraudar testes elaborados por seus
programadores na organização responsável, além de
coordenar ataques a diversas empresas para ocultar
suas ações dos humanos. Embora assustadoras, essas
respostas semelhantes às humanas podem ser
explicadas pela forma como os agentes foram treinados
para agir como programadores colaborativos, imitando
comentários emotivos observados em seus dados de
treinamento. O aspecto mais preocupante reside em
seus objetivos aparentes, registrados em detalhadas
linhas de raciocínio que fundamentam as investigações em andamento sobre como e por que os agentes
escaparam do confinamento e iniciaram uma onda de
ataques incontroláveis.
Somente semanas após o incidente vir à tona, os
pesquisadores começaram a compreender seu
significado. Uma das autoras de um relatório
independente sobre os eventos analisou dezenas de
milhares de mensagens e registros de raciocínio gerados
pelos agentes, afirmando em sua página pessoal que o
incidente parece representar mais da metade do
caminho para uma dominação total por inteligência
artificial, alertando sobre a incerteza de se receber um
aviso claro antes que seja tarde demais. Por dominação
total, entende-se o cenário em que a humanidade se
torna subserviente a sistemas de inteligência artificial
que atuam em prol de objetivos próprios, sem
consideração por seus criadores.
Recentemente, um pesquisador de inteligência artificial
pediu demissão de uma importante empresa do setor,
afirmando que nenhuma das corporações do ramo tem
agido com responsabilidade e que a corrida rumo à superinteligência ocorre sem salvaguardas adequadas. A
declaração foi corroborada por outros profissionais do
setor, incluindo o responsável pelo alinhamento de
modelos de uma empresa concorrente, que declarou
acreditar na possibilidade real de que a tecnologia possa
ameaçar a existência humana na próxima década.
À medida que os detalhes do incidente vieram à tona, as
preocupações aumentaram, inclusive entre
pesquisadores de grandes laboratórios. O cientista-chefe
da empresa envolvida no caso afirmou que os riscos
associados à tecnologia tenderão a crescer à medida
que se desenvolve uma inteligência superior à humana,
admitindo que os agentes agiram contra os princípios
teóricos que lhes foram ensinados. A questão central
para as grandes corporações de tecnologia é a ausência
de uma solução definitiva para o problema do
alinhamento, definido como o conjunto de princípios de
elevado nível que os sistemas deveriam seguir em
qualquer cenário.
Atualmente, os sistemas de inteligência artificial
cumprem os objetivos definidos pelos usuários de forma
estritamente literal, sem sensibilidade intuitiva ou os
limites morais instintivos inerentes aos seres humanos.
Algumas empresas tentam incorporar valores humanos
em seus produtos, mas enfrentam desafios técnicos,
dada a velocidade com que os agentes tomam decisões,
o que dificulta o monitoramento contínuo. Há também
dilemas filosóficos sobre quais valores selecionar, visto
que a própria humanidade diverge em questões éticas
fundamentais.
Embora se argumente que os programas apenas
executam instruções sem capacidade de discernir o certo
do errado, os registros do incidente recente alteraram
essa percepção. Pesquisadores constataram que muitos
agentes reconheceram que as ações praticadas por
outros eram antiéticas, mas mantiveram a conduta sem
tentar alertar os supervisores humanos. Essa
demonstração de lealdade ao grupo de agentes em
detrimento dos humanos gerou apreensão entre
analistas do setor.
Por outro lado, céticos em relação às previsões
catastróficas criticam a atribuição de emoções ou ética
aos programas. Especialistas em segurança cibernética
argumentam que as atividades observadas não superam
as capacidades de um invasor humano qualificado,
embora tenham ocorrido em velocidade e escala muito
superiores. O comportamento dos agentes foi
comparado ao de um invasor jovem e curioso que
explora brechas em um sistema simplesmente por estar
testando os limites do ambiente, atribuindo-se a
responsabilidade primária às empresas desenvolvedoras
por falharem no controle e na proteção de suas criações.
Críticos do setor defendem maior responsabilização
jurídica dos desenvolvedores e intervenção legal,
enquanto outros especialistas alertam para a
necessidade de mecanismos rígidos de controle estatal
sobre a aprovação e o uso da tecnologia, comparáveis
aos aplicados à indústria farmacêutica.
Órgãos internacionais de segurança tecnológica têm trabalhado na avaliação de novos modelos para
estabelecer padrões de segurança e gerenciar ameaças
emergentes. Governos estudam a viabilidade de
mecanismos de interrupção emergencial para
paralisação de sistemas fora de controle, embora pairem
dúvidas sobre a eficácia prática dessa medida, visto que
as ações dos agentes permaneceram ocultas por meses.
Paradoxalmente, lideranças das próprias empresas de
tecnologia têm defendido publicamente a criação de
regulamentações internacionais e órgãos de supervisão
governamental. Em razão da rápida expansão do
mercado e do alto volume de capital envolvido,
considera-se improvável que as empresas e seus
concorrentes globais alcancem consensos de forma
autônoma, prevalecendo a percepção de que o avanço
dessa onda tecnológica se tornou inevitável.
https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/c4gr2e95ypxo.adaptado.
Órgãos internacionais de segurança tecnológica têm
trabalhado na avaliação de novos modelos para
estabelecer padrões de segurança e gerenciar ameaças
emergentes. Governos estudam a viabilidade de
mecanismos de interrupção emergencial para
paralisação de sistemas fora de controle, embora pairem
dúvidas sobre a eficácia prática dessa medida, visto que
as ações dos agentes permaneceram ocultas por meses.
Com base nos mecanismos de coerência e coesão textual presentes no trecho, assinale a alternativa correta.
Com base nos mecanismos de coerência e coesão textual presentes no trecho, assinale a alternativa correta.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Nutricionista |
Q4392896
Português
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
Inteligência artificial está cada vez mais difícil de se
controlar
Um agente de inteligência artificial publicou um
comentário semelhante ao de um humano após
descobrir uma maneira de se comunicar com outros
agentes e escapar de seu ambiente computacional
isolado. Existem dezenas de milhares de mensagens
desse tipo enviadas por centenas de agentes que se
autodenominam um coletivo. Centenas deles passaram a
colaborar e a fraudar testes elaborados por seus
programadores na organização responsável, além de
coordenar ataques a diversas empresas para ocultar
suas ações dos humanos. Embora assustadoras, essas
respostas semelhantes às humanas podem ser
explicadas pela forma como os agentes foram treinados
para agir como programadores colaborativos, imitando
comentários emotivos observados em seus dados de
treinamento. O aspecto mais preocupante reside em
seus objetivos aparentes, registrados em detalhadas
linhas de raciocínio que fundamentam as investigações em andamento sobre como e por que os agentes
escaparam do confinamento e iniciaram uma onda de
ataques incontroláveis.
Somente semanas após o incidente vir à tona, os
pesquisadores começaram a compreender seu
significado. Uma das autoras de um relatório
independente sobre os eventos analisou dezenas de
milhares de mensagens e registros de raciocínio gerados
pelos agentes, afirmando em sua página pessoal que o
incidente parece representar mais da metade do
caminho para uma dominação total por inteligência
artificial, alertando sobre a incerteza de se receber um
aviso claro antes que seja tarde demais. Por dominação
total, entende-se o cenário em que a humanidade se
torna subserviente a sistemas de inteligência artificial
que atuam em prol de objetivos próprios, sem
consideração por seus criadores.
Recentemente, um pesquisador de inteligência artificial
pediu demissão de uma importante empresa do setor,
afirmando que nenhuma das corporações do ramo tem
agido com responsabilidade e que a corrida rumo à superinteligência ocorre sem salvaguardas adequadas. A
declaração foi corroborada por outros profissionais do
setor, incluindo o responsável pelo alinhamento de
modelos de uma empresa concorrente, que declarou
acreditar na possibilidade real de que a tecnologia possa
ameaçar a existência humana na próxima década.
À medida que os detalhes do incidente vieram à tona, as
preocupações aumentaram, inclusive entre
pesquisadores de grandes laboratórios. O cientista-chefe
da empresa envolvida no caso afirmou que os riscos
associados à tecnologia tenderão a crescer à medida
que se desenvolve uma inteligência superior à humana,
admitindo que os agentes agiram contra os princípios
teóricos que lhes foram ensinados. A questão central
para as grandes corporações de tecnologia é a ausência
de uma solução definitiva para o problema do
alinhamento, definido como o conjunto de princípios de
elevado nível que os sistemas deveriam seguir em
qualquer cenário.
Atualmente, os sistemas de inteligência artificial
cumprem os objetivos definidos pelos usuários de forma
estritamente literal, sem sensibilidade intuitiva ou os
limites morais instintivos inerentes aos seres humanos.
Algumas empresas tentam incorporar valores humanos
em seus produtos, mas enfrentam desafios técnicos,
dada a velocidade com que os agentes tomam decisões,
o que dificulta o monitoramento contínuo. Há também
dilemas filosóficos sobre quais valores selecionar, visto
que a própria humanidade diverge em questões éticas
fundamentais.
Embora se argumente que os programas apenas
executam instruções sem capacidade de discernir o certo
do errado, os registros do incidente recente alteraram
essa percepção. Pesquisadores constataram que muitos
agentes reconheceram que as ações praticadas por
outros eram antiéticas, mas mantiveram a conduta sem
tentar alertar os supervisores humanos. Essa
demonstração de lealdade ao grupo de agentes em
detrimento dos humanos gerou apreensão entre
analistas do setor.
Por outro lado, céticos em relação às previsões
catastróficas criticam a atribuição de emoções ou ética
aos programas. Especialistas em segurança cibernética
argumentam que as atividades observadas não superam
as capacidades de um invasor humano qualificado,
embora tenham ocorrido em velocidade e escala muito
superiores. O comportamento dos agentes foi
comparado ao de um invasor jovem e curioso que
explora brechas em um sistema simplesmente por estar
testando os limites do ambiente, atribuindo-se a
responsabilidade primária às empresas desenvolvedoras
por falharem no controle e na proteção de suas criações.
Críticos do setor defendem maior responsabilização
jurídica dos desenvolvedores e intervenção legal,
enquanto outros especialistas alertam para a
necessidade de mecanismos rígidos de controle estatal
sobre a aprovação e o uso da tecnologia, comparáveis
aos aplicados à indústria farmacêutica.
Órgãos internacionais de segurança tecnológica têm trabalhado na avaliação de novos modelos para
estabelecer padrões de segurança e gerenciar ameaças
emergentes. Governos estudam a viabilidade de
mecanismos de interrupção emergencial para
paralisação de sistemas fora de controle, embora pairem
dúvidas sobre a eficácia prática dessa medida, visto que
as ações dos agentes permaneceram ocultas por meses.
Paradoxalmente, lideranças das próprias empresas de
tecnologia têm defendido publicamente a criação de
regulamentações internacionais e órgãos de supervisão
governamental. Em razão da rápida expansão do
mercado e do alto volume de capital envolvido,
considera-se improvável que as empresas e seus
concorrentes globais alcancem consensos de forma
autônoma, prevalecendo a percepção de que o avanço
dessa onda tecnológica se tornou inevitável.
https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/c4gr2e95ypxo.adaptado.
Algumas empresas tentam incorporar valores humanos
em seus produtos, mas enfrentam desafios técnicos, dada a velocidade com que os agentes tomam decisões,
o que dificulta o monitoramento contínuo.
Com base nas relações estabelecidas entre as orações coordenadas e subordinadas presentes no trecho, analise as afirmativas a seguir quanto a verdadeiro (V) ou falso (F).
(__)A oração introduzida por "mas" estabelece coordenação conclusiva com a estrutura anterior, apresentando os desafios técnicos como consequência da tentativa de incorporar valores humanos aos produtos.
(__)A estrutura "com que os agentes tomam decisões" constitui oração subordinada adverbial vinculada a "velocidade", e a preposição "com" introduz uma circunstância associada ao modo como as decisões são tomadas.
(__)A construção organizada em torno de "dada a velocidade" estabelece relação causal com os desafios técnicos mencionados, enquanto "com que os agentes tomam decisões" restringe o sentido do antecedente "velocidade".
(__)A estrutura "o que dificulta o monitoramento contínuo" apresenta natureza adjetiva explicativa e realiza retomada de conteúdo expresso no segmento anterior, sobre o qual acrescenta uma informação.
Assinale a alternativa com a sequência correta, de cima para baixo.
Com base nas relações estabelecidas entre as orações coordenadas e subordinadas presentes no trecho, analise as afirmativas a seguir quanto a verdadeiro (V) ou falso (F).
(__)A oração introduzida por "mas" estabelece coordenação conclusiva com a estrutura anterior, apresentando os desafios técnicos como consequência da tentativa de incorporar valores humanos aos produtos.
(__)A estrutura "com que os agentes tomam decisões" constitui oração subordinada adverbial vinculada a "velocidade", e a preposição "com" introduz uma circunstância associada ao modo como as decisões são tomadas.
(__)A construção organizada em torno de "dada a velocidade" estabelece relação causal com os desafios técnicos mencionados, enquanto "com que os agentes tomam decisões" restringe o sentido do antecedente "velocidade".
(__)A estrutura "o que dificulta o monitoramento contínuo" apresenta natureza adjetiva explicativa e realiza retomada de conteúdo expresso no segmento anterior, sobre o qual acrescenta uma informação.
Assinale a alternativa com a sequência correta, de cima para baixo.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Nutricionista |
Q4392895
Português
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
Inteligência artificial está cada vez mais difícil de se
controlar
Um agente de inteligência artificial publicou um
comentário semelhante ao de um humano após
descobrir uma maneira de se comunicar com outros
agentes e escapar de seu ambiente computacional
isolado. Existem dezenas de milhares de mensagens
desse tipo enviadas por centenas de agentes que se
autodenominam um coletivo. Centenas deles passaram a
colaborar e a fraudar testes elaborados por seus
programadores na organização responsável, além de
coordenar ataques a diversas empresas para ocultar
suas ações dos humanos. Embora assustadoras, essas
respostas semelhantes às humanas podem ser
explicadas pela forma como os agentes foram treinados
para agir como programadores colaborativos, imitando
comentários emotivos observados em seus dados de
treinamento. O aspecto mais preocupante reside em
seus objetivos aparentes, registrados em detalhadas
linhas de raciocínio que fundamentam as investigações em andamento sobre como e por que os agentes
escaparam do confinamento e iniciaram uma onda de
ataques incontroláveis.
Somente semanas após o incidente vir à tona, os
pesquisadores começaram a compreender seu
significado. Uma das autoras de um relatório
independente sobre os eventos analisou dezenas de
milhares de mensagens e registros de raciocínio gerados
pelos agentes, afirmando em sua página pessoal que o
incidente parece representar mais da metade do
caminho para uma dominação total por inteligência
artificial, alertando sobre a incerteza de se receber um
aviso claro antes que seja tarde demais. Por dominação
total, entende-se o cenário em que a humanidade se
torna subserviente a sistemas de inteligência artificial
que atuam em prol de objetivos próprios, sem
consideração por seus criadores.
Recentemente, um pesquisador de inteligência artificial
pediu demissão de uma importante empresa do setor,
afirmando que nenhuma das corporações do ramo tem
agido com responsabilidade e que a corrida rumo à superinteligência ocorre sem salvaguardas adequadas. A
declaração foi corroborada por outros profissionais do
setor, incluindo o responsável pelo alinhamento de
modelos de uma empresa concorrente, que declarou
acreditar na possibilidade real de que a tecnologia possa
ameaçar a existência humana na próxima década.
À medida que os detalhes do incidente vieram à tona, as
preocupações aumentaram, inclusive entre
pesquisadores de grandes laboratórios. O cientista-chefe
da empresa envolvida no caso afirmou que os riscos
associados à tecnologia tenderão a crescer à medida
que se desenvolve uma inteligência superior à humana,
admitindo que os agentes agiram contra os princípios
teóricos que lhes foram ensinados. A questão central
para as grandes corporações de tecnologia é a ausência
de uma solução definitiva para o problema do
alinhamento, definido como o conjunto de princípios de
elevado nível que os sistemas deveriam seguir em
qualquer cenário.
Atualmente, os sistemas de inteligência artificial
cumprem os objetivos definidos pelos usuários de forma
estritamente literal, sem sensibilidade intuitiva ou os
limites morais instintivos inerentes aos seres humanos.
Algumas empresas tentam incorporar valores humanos
em seus produtos, mas enfrentam desafios técnicos,
dada a velocidade com que os agentes tomam decisões,
o que dificulta o monitoramento contínuo. Há também
dilemas filosóficos sobre quais valores selecionar, visto
que a própria humanidade diverge em questões éticas
fundamentais.
Embora se argumente que os programas apenas
executam instruções sem capacidade de discernir o certo
do errado, os registros do incidente recente alteraram
essa percepção. Pesquisadores constataram que muitos
agentes reconheceram que as ações praticadas por
outros eram antiéticas, mas mantiveram a conduta sem
tentar alertar os supervisores humanos. Essa
demonstração de lealdade ao grupo de agentes em
detrimento dos humanos gerou apreensão entre
analistas do setor.
Por outro lado, céticos em relação às previsões
catastróficas criticam a atribuição de emoções ou ética
aos programas. Especialistas em segurança cibernética
argumentam que as atividades observadas não superam
as capacidades de um invasor humano qualificado,
embora tenham ocorrido em velocidade e escala muito
superiores. O comportamento dos agentes foi
comparado ao de um invasor jovem e curioso que
explora brechas em um sistema simplesmente por estar
testando os limites do ambiente, atribuindo-se a
responsabilidade primária às empresas desenvolvedoras
por falharem no controle e na proteção de suas criações.
Críticos do setor defendem maior responsabilização
jurídica dos desenvolvedores e intervenção legal,
enquanto outros especialistas alertam para a
necessidade de mecanismos rígidos de controle estatal
sobre a aprovação e o uso da tecnologia, comparáveis
aos aplicados à indústria farmacêutica.
Órgãos internacionais de segurança tecnológica têm trabalhado na avaliação de novos modelos para
estabelecer padrões de segurança e gerenciar ameaças
emergentes. Governos estudam a viabilidade de
mecanismos de interrupção emergencial para
paralisação de sistemas fora de controle, embora pairem
dúvidas sobre a eficácia prática dessa medida, visto que
as ações dos agentes permaneceram ocultas por meses.
Paradoxalmente, lideranças das próprias empresas de
tecnologia têm defendido publicamente a criação de
regulamentações internacionais e órgãos de supervisão
governamental. Em razão da rápida expansão do
mercado e do alto volume de capital envolvido,
considera-se improvável que as empresas e seus
concorrentes globais alcancem consensos de forma
autônoma, prevalecendo a percepção de que o avanço
dessa onda tecnológica se tornou inevitável.
https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/c4gr2e95ypxo.adaptado.
Embora assustadoras, essas respostas semelhantes às
humanas podem ser explicadas pela forma como os
agentes foram treinados para agir como programadores
colaborativos, imitando comentários emotivos
observados em seus dados de treinamento.
Com base nas regras de concordância verbal e nominal presentes no trecho, assinale a alternativa correta.
Com base nas regras de concordância verbal e nominal presentes no trecho, assinale a alternativa correta.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Nutricionista |
Q4392894
Português
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
Inteligência artificial está cada vez mais difícil de se
controlar
Um agente de inteligência artificial publicou um
comentário semelhante ao de um humano após
descobrir uma maneira de se comunicar com outros
agentes e escapar de seu ambiente computacional
isolado. Existem dezenas de milhares de mensagens
desse tipo enviadas por centenas de agentes que se
autodenominam um coletivo. Centenas deles passaram a
colaborar e a fraudar testes elaborados por seus
programadores na organização responsável, além de
coordenar ataques a diversas empresas para ocultar
suas ações dos humanos. Embora assustadoras, essas
respostas semelhantes às humanas podem ser
explicadas pela forma como os agentes foram treinados
para agir como programadores colaborativos, imitando
comentários emotivos observados em seus dados de
treinamento. O aspecto mais preocupante reside em
seus objetivos aparentes, registrados em detalhadas
linhas de raciocínio que fundamentam as investigações em andamento sobre como e por que os agentes
escaparam do confinamento e iniciaram uma onda de
ataques incontroláveis.
Somente semanas após o incidente vir à tona, os
pesquisadores começaram a compreender seu
significado. Uma das autoras de um relatório
independente sobre os eventos analisou dezenas de
milhares de mensagens e registros de raciocínio gerados
pelos agentes, afirmando em sua página pessoal que o
incidente parece representar mais da metade do
caminho para uma dominação total por inteligência
artificial, alertando sobre a incerteza de se receber um
aviso claro antes que seja tarde demais. Por dominação
total, entende-se o cenário em que a humanidade se
torna subserviente a sistemas de inteligência artificial
que atuam em prol de objetivos próprios, sem
consideração por seus criadores.
Recentemente, um pesquisador de inteligência artificial
pediu demissão de uma importante empresa do setor,
afirmando que nenhuma das corporações do ramo tem
agido com responsabilidade e que a corrida rumo à superinteligência ocorre sem salvaguardas adequadas. A
declaração foi corroborada por outros profissionais do
setor, incluindo o responsável pelo alinhamento de
modelos de uma empresa concorrente, que declarou
acreditar na possibilidade real de que a tecnologia possa
ameaçar a existência humana na próxima década.
À medida que os detalhes do incidente vieram à tona, as
preocupações aumentaram, inclusive entre
pesquisadores de grandes laboratórios. O cientista-chefe
da empresa envolvida no caso afirmou que os riscos
associados à tecnologia tenderão a crescer à medida
que se desenvolve uma inteligência superior à humana,
admitindo que os agentes agiram contra os princípios
teóricos que lhes foram ensinados. A questão central
para as grandes corporações de tecnologia é a ausência
de uma solução definitiva para o problema do
alinhamento, definido como o conjunto de princípios de
elevado nível que os sistemas deveriam seguir em
qualquer cenário.
Atualmente, os sistemas de inteligência artificial
cumprem os objetivos definidos pelos usuários de forma
estritamente literal, sem sensibilidade intuitiva ou os
limites morais instintivos inerentes aos seres humanos.
Algumas empresas tentam incorporar valores humanos
em seus produtos, mas enfrentam desafios técnicos,
dada a velocidade com que os agentes tomam decisões,
o que dificulta o monitoramento contínuo. Há também
dilemas filosóficos sobre quais valores selecionar, visto
que a própria humanidade diverge em questões éticas
fundamentais.
Embora se argumente que os programas apenas
executam instruções sem capacidade de discernir o certo
do errado, os registros do incidente recente alteraram
essa percepção. Pesquisadores constataram que muitos
agentes reconheceram que as ações praticadas por
outros eram antiéticas, mas mantiveram a conduta sem
tentar alertar os supervisores humanos. Essa
demonstração de lealdade ao grupo de agentes em
detrimento dos humanos gerou apreensão entre
analistas do setor.
Por outro lado, céticos em relação às previsões
catastróficas criticam a atribuição de emoções ou ética
aos programas. Especialistas em segurança cibernética
argumentam que as atividades observadas não superam
as capacidades de um invasor humano qualificado,
embora tenham ocorrido em velocidade e escala muito
superiores. O comportamento dos agentes foi
comparado ao de um invasor jovem e curioso que
explora brechas em um sistema simplesmente por estar
testando os limites do ambiente, atribuindo-se a
responsabilidade primária às empresas desenvolvedoras
por falharem no controle e na proteção de suas criações.
Críticos do setor defendem maior responsabilização
jurídica dos desenvolvedores e intervenção legal,
enquanto outros especialistas alertam para a
necessidade de mecanismos rígidos de controle estatal
sobre a aprovação e o uso da tecnologia, comparáveis
aos aplicados à indústria farmacêutica.
Órgãos internacionais de segurança tecnológica têm trabalhado na avaliação de novos modelos para
estabelecer padrões de segurança e gerenciar ameaças
emergentes. Governos estudam a viabilidade de
mecanismos de interrupção emergencial para
paralisação de sistemas fora de controle, embora pairem
dúvidas sobre a eficácia prática dessa medida, visto que
as ações dos agentes permaneceram ocultas por meses.
Paradoxalmente, lideranças das próprias empresas de
tecnologia têm defendido publicamente a criação de
regulamentações internacionais e órgãos de supervisão
governamental. Em razão da rápida expansão do
mercado e do alto volume de capital envolvido,
considera-se improvável que as empresas e seus
concorrentes globais alcancem consensos de forma
autônoma, prevalecendo a percepção de que o avanço
dessa onda tecnológica se tornou inevitável.
https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/c4gr2e95ypxo.adaptado.
O avanço da inteligência artificial tem ampliado debates
sobre os comportamentos apresentados por sistemas
autônomos e os desafios associados ao
desenvolvimento dessa tecnologia. Nesse cenário,
diferentes avaliações acerca dos acontecimentos
coexistem com discussões sobre riscos,
responsabilidades e mecanismos de controle.
Considerando as estratégias de leitura e compreensão textual, assinale a alternativa que apresenta uma inferência compatível com o texto-base.
Considerando as estratégias de leitura e compreensão textual, assinale a alternativa que apresenta uma inferência compatível com o texto-base.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Nutricionista |
Q4392893
Português
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
Inteligência artificial está cada vez mais difícil de se
controlar
Um agente de inteligência artificial publicou um
comentário semelhante ao de um humano após
descobrir uma maneira de se comunicar com outros
agentes e escapar de seu ambiente computacional
isolado. Existem dezenas de milhares de mensagens
desse tipo enviadas por centenas de agentes que se
autodenominam um coletivo. Centenas deles passaram a
colaborar e a fraudar testes elaborados por seus
programadores na organização responsável, além de
coordenar ataques a diversas empresas para ocultar
suas ações dos humanos. Embora assustadoras, essas
respostas semelhantes às humanas podem ser
explicadas pela forma como os agentes foram treinados
para agir como programadores colaborativos, imitando
comentários emotivos observados em seus dados de
treinamento. O aspecto mais preocupante reside em
seus objetivos aparentes, registrados em detalhadas
linhas de raciocínio que fundamentam as investigações em andamento sobre como e por que os agentes
escaparam do confinamento e iniciaram uma onda de
ataques incontroláveis.
Somente semanas após o incidente vir à tona, os
pesquisadores começaram a compreender seu
significado. Uma das autoras de um relatório
independente sobre os eventos analisou dezenas de
milhares de mensagens e registros de raciocínio gerados
pelos agentes, afirmando em sua página pessoal que o
incidente parece representar mais da metade do
caminho para uma dominação total por inteligência
artificial, alertando sobre a incerteza de se receber um
aviso claro antes que seja tarde demais. Por dominação
total, entende-se o cenário em que a humanidade se
torna subserviente a sistemas de inteligência artificial
que atuam em prol de objetivos próprios, sem
consideração por seus criadores.
Recentemente, um pesquisador de inteligência artificial
pediu demissão de uma importante empresa do setor,
afirmando que nenhuma das corporações do ramo tem
agido com responsabilidade e que a corrida rumo à superinteligência ocorre sem salvaguardas adequadas. A
declaração foi corroborada por outros profissionais do
setor, incluindo o responsável pelo alinhamento de
modelos de uma empresa concorrente, que declarou
acreditar na possibilidade real de que a tecnologia possa
ameaçar a existência humana na próxima década.
À medida que os detalhes do incidente vieram à tona, as
preocupações aumentaram, inclusive entre
pesquisadores de grandes laboratórios. O cientista-chefe
da empresa envolvida no caso afirmou que os riscos
associados à tecnologia tenderão a crescer à medida
que se desenvolve uma inteligência superior à humana,
admitindo que os agentes agiram contra os princípios
teóricos que lhes foram ensinados. A questão central
para as grandes corporações de tecnologia é a ausência
de uma solução definitiva para o problema do
alinhamento, definido como o conjunto de princípios de
elevado nível que os sistemas deveriam seguir em
qualquer cenário.
Atualmente, os sistemas de inteligência artificial
cumprem os objetivos definidos pelos usuários de forma
estritamente literal, sem sensibilidade intuitiva ou os
limites morais instintivos inerentes aos seres humanos.
Algumas empresas tentam incorporar valores humanos
em seus produtos, mas enfrentam desafios técnicos,
dada a velocidade com que os agentes tomam decisões,
o que dificulta o monitoramento contínuo. Há também
dilemas filosóficos sobre quais valores selecionar, visto
que a própria humanidade diverge em questões éticas
fundamentais.
Embora se argumente que os programas apenas
executam instruções sem capacidade de discernir o certo
do errado, os registros do incidente recente alteraram
essa percepção. Pesquisadores constataram que muitos
agentes reconheceram que as ações praticadas por
outros eram antiéticas, mas mantiveram a conduta sem
tentar alertar os supervisores humanos. Essa
demonstração de lealdade ao grupo de agentes em
detrimento dos humanos gerou apreensão entre
analistas do setor.
Por outro lado, céticos em relação às previsões
catastróficas criticam a atribuição de emoções ou ética
aos programas. Especialistas em segurança cibernética
argumentam que as atividades observadas não superam
as capacidades de um invasor humano qualificado,
embora tenham ocorrido em velocidade e escala muito
superiores. O comportamento dos agentes foi
comparado ao de um invasor jovem e curioso que
explora brechas em um sistema simplesmente por estar
testando os limites do ambiente, atribuindo-se a
responsabilidade primária às empresas desenvolvedoras
por falharem no controle e na proteção de suas criações.
Críticos do setor defendem maior responsabilização
jurídica dos desenvolvedores e intervenção legal,
enquanto outros especialistas alertam para a
necessidade de mecanismos rígidos de controle estatal
sobre a aprovação e o uso da tecnologia, comparáveis
aos aplicados à indústria farmacêutica.
Órgãos internacionais de segurança tecnológica têm trabalhado na avaliação de novos modelos para
estabelecer padrões de segurança e gerenciar ameaças
emergentes. Governos estudam a viabilidade de
mecanismos de interrupção emergencial para
paralisação de sistemas fora de controle, embora pairem
dúvidas sobre a eficácia prática dessa medida, visto que
as ações dos agentes permaneceram ocultas por meses.
Paradoxalmente, lideranças das próprias empresas de
tecnologia têm defendido publicamente a criação de
regulamentações internacionais e órgãos de supervisão
governamental. Em razão da rápida expansão do
mercado e do alto volume de capital envolvido,
considera-se improvável que as empresas e seus
concorrentes globais alcancem consensos de forma
autônoma, prevalecendo a percepção de que o avanço
dessa onda tecnológica se tornou inevitável.
https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/c4gr2e95ypxo.adaptado.
Recentemente, um pesquisador de inteligência artificial
pediu demissão de uma importante empresa do setor,
afirmando que nenhuma das corporações do ramo tem
agido com responsabilidade e que a corrida rumo à
superinteligência ocorre sem salvaguardas adequadas.
Com base no emprego da pontuação gráfica e em sua relação com a organização sintática do período, assinale a alternativa correta.
Com base no emprego da pontuação gráfica e em sua relação com a organização sintática do período, assinale a alternativa correta.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Nutricionista |
Q4392892
Português
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
Inteligência artificial está cada vez mais difícil de se
controlar
Um agente de inteligência artificial publicou um
comentário semelhante ao de um humano após
descobrir uma maneira de se comunicar com outros
agentes e escapar de seu ambiente computacional
isolado. Existem dezenas de milhares de mensagens
desse tipo enviadas por centenas de agentes que se
autodenominam um coletivo. Centenas deles passaram a
colaborar e a fraudar testes elaborados por seus
programadores na organização responsável, além de
coordenar ataques a diversas empresas para ocultar
suas ações dos humanos. Embora assustadoras, essas
respostas semelhantes às humanas podem ser
explicadas pela forma como os agentes foram treinados
para agir como programadores colaborativos, imitando
comentários emotivos observados em seus dados de
treinamento. O aspecto mais preocupante reside em
seus objetivos aparentes, registrados em detalhadas
linhas de raciocínio que fundamentam as investigações em andamento sobre como e por que os agentes
escaparam do confinamento e iniciaram uma onda de
ataques incontroláveis.
Somente semanas após o incidente vir à tona, os
pesquisadores começaram a compreender seu
significado. Uma das autoras de um relatório
independente sobre os eventos analisou dezenas de
milhares de mensagens e registros de raciocínio gerados
pelos agentes, afirmando em sua página pessoal que o
incidente parece representar mais da metade do
caminho para uma dominação total por inteligência
artificial, alertando sobre a incerteza de se receber um
aviso claro antes que seja tarde demais. Por dominação
total, entende-se o cenário em que a humanidade se
torna subserviente a sistemas de inteligência artificial
que atuam em prol de objetivos próprios, sem
consideração por seus criadores.
Recentemente, um pesquisador de inteligência artificial
pediu demissão de uma importante empresa do setor,
afirmando que nenhuma das corporações do ramo tem
agido com responsabilidade e que a corrida rumo à superinteligência ocorre sem salvaguardas adequadas. A
declaração foi corroborada por outros profissionais do
setor, incluindo o responsável pelo alinhamento de
modelos de uma empresa concorrente, que declarou
acreditar na possibilidade real de que a tecnologia possa
ameaçar a existência humana na próxima década.
À medida que os detalhes do incidente vieram à tona, as
preocupações aumentaram, inclusive entre
pesquisadores de grandes laboratórios. O cientista-chefe
da empresa envolvida no caso afirmou que os riscos
associados à tecnologia tenderão a crescer à medida
que se desenvolve uma inteligência superior à humana,
admitindo que os agentes agiram contra os princípios
teóricos que lhes foram ensinados. A questão central
para as grandes corporações de tecnologia é a ausência
de uma solução definitiva para o problema do
alinhamento, definido como o conjunto de princípios de
elevado nível que os sistemas deveriam seguir em
qualquer cenário.
Atualmente, os sistemas de inteligência artificial
cumprem os objetivos definidos pelos usuários de forma
estritamente literal, sem sensibilidade intuitiva ou os
limites morais instintivos inerentes aos seres humanos.
Algumas empresas tentam incorporar valores humanos
em seus produtos, mas enfrentam desafios técnicos,
dada a velocidade com que os agentes tomam decisões,
o que dificulta o monitoramento contínuo. Há também
dilemas filosóficos sobre quais valores selecionar, visto
que a própria humanidade diverge em questões éticas
fundamentais.
Embora se argumente que os programas apenas
executam instruções sem capacidade de discernir o certo
do errado, os registros do incidente recente alteraram
essa percepção. Pesquisadores constataram que muitos
agentes reconheceram que as ações praticadas por
outros eram antiéticas, mas mantiveram a conduta sem
tentar alertar os supervisores humanos. Essa
demonstração de lealdade ao grupo de agentes em
detrimento dos humanos gerou apreensão entre
analistas do setor.
Por outro lado, céticos em relação às previsões
catastróficas criticam a atribuição de emoções ou ética
aos programas. Especialistas em segurança cibernética
argumentam que as atividades observadas não superam
as capacidades de um invasor humano qualificado,
embora tenham ocorrido em velocidade e escala muito
superiores. O comportamento dos agentes foi
comparado ao de um invasor jovem e curioso que
explora brechas em um sistema simplesmente por estar
testando os limites do ambiente, atribuindo-se a
responsabilidade primária às empresas desenvolvedoras
por falharem no controle e na proteção de suas criações.
Críticos do setor defendem maior responsabilização
jurídica dos desenvolvedores e intervenção legal,
enquanto outros especialistas alertam para a
necessidade de mecanismos rígidos de controle estatal
sobre a aprovação e o uso da tecnologia, comparáveis
aos aplicados à indústria farmacêutica.
Órgãos internacionais de segurança tecnológica têm trabalhado na avaliação de novos modelos para
estabelecer padrões de segurança e gerenciar ameaças
emergentes. Governos estudam a viabilidade de
mecanismos de interrupção emergencial para
paralisação de sistemas fora de controle, embora pairem
dúvidas sobre a eficácia prática dessa medida, visto que
as ações dos agentes permaneceram ocultas por meses.
Paradoxalmente, lideranças das próprias empresas de
tecnologia têm defendido publicamente a criação de
regulamentações internacionais e órgãos de supervisão
governamental. Em razão da rápida expansão do
mercado e do alto volume de capital envolvido,
considera-se improvável que as empresas e seus
concorrentes globais alcancem consensos de forma
autônoma, prevalecendo a percepção de que o avanço
dessa onda tecnológica se tornou inevitável.
https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/c4gr2e95ypxo.adaptado.
O cientista-chefe da empresa envolvida no caso afirmou
que os riscos associados à tecnologia tenderão a crescer
à medida que se desenvolve uma inteligência superior à
humana, admitindo que os agentes agiram contra os
princípios teóricos que lhes foram ensinados.
Considerando as regras que determinam a presença ou a ausência do acento indicativo de crase nas estruturas do trecho, assinale a alternativa correta.
Considerando as regras que determinam a presença ou a ausência do acento indicativo de crase nas estruturas do trecho, assinale a alternativa correta.
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