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Q3826611 Inglês
In which sentence is the pronoun reference ambiguous?
Alternativas
Q3826610 Inglês
“During the 1970s, the so-called audiolingual method, based on behaviorist and structuralist assumptions, was still considered the only scientific way of teaching a foreign language. Its emphasis on the oral skills and on the exhaustive repetition of structural exercises seemed to work well in the contexts of private language institutes. Those contexts were characterized by the gathering of small numbers of highly motivated students per class, a weekly time-table superior in the number of hours to the one adopted in regular schools, and plenty of audiovisual resources. Questionable in itself, both because of its results (which in time were revealed to be less efficient than believed, especially in terms of fluency) and its theoretical assumptions, the method ended up being adopted by regular schools due to its positive reputation at the time. The failure of the methodology in this context would soon become evident, generating extreme frustration both amongst teachers and students.

From the 1980s on, with the spread of ideas connected to the so-called communicative approach and the growth of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), the community of researchers and teachers interested in the context of regular schools started reviewing the assumptions and logic of English Language Teaching(ELT). Recognizing that each and every school discipline needs to justify its presence in the curriculum socially and educationally, this movement identified the skill of reading as the most relevant one for the students attending the majority of Brazilian regular schools. This understanding was achieved by considering not only the possibility of real use outside school, but also the role this approach could play in the achievement of other educational goals, such as the improvement of student's reading abilities in Portuguese as a mother tongue (see MOITA LOPES, 1996). This movement reached its climax with the publication of the Brazilian National Curricular Parameters (PCN) for the teaching of foreign languages at basic education level by the end of the 1990s. The document recommended the focus on the teaching of reading within a view of language as discourse. However, it did not close the door on the teaching of any other skill, as long as the context made it possible and relevant.
It is important at this point to clarify a few things about the emergence of this educational policy. First of all, it was not formulated apart from the community of teachers and researchers and then imposed upon them. On the contrary, great names in Brazilian Applied Linguistics, such as Luiz Paulo da Moita Lopes and Maria AntonietaCelani among others, were involved in the formulation of the Parameters. Even more important than that, a lot of teachers, individually or collectively, with or without supervision, were already trying the focus on reading as an alternative to the failure of previous practices before the Parameters were elaborated. Two well-known examples are those from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the late 1980s and early 1990s. In São Paulo, The Catholic University (PUC-SP) became a national center for foreign language teacher education, through the development of a Brazilian ESP project focusing on reading (CELANI, 2005). In Rio de Janeiro, a discussion conducted by the city educational authorities and the teachers in public schools (concerning the contents and methodology of each school discipline), during the administrations of Saturnino Braga and Marcelo Alencar, led to the proposition that the focus on reading for foreign language teaching reflected the will of most teachers who participated in the discussion. [...]

(Adapted from: https://www.scielo.br/j/rbla/a/nNz3Jtj85xmms8MnNfwRpMn/?lang=e n)
The connector “On the contrary” in the third paragraph establishes with the previous paragraph a relation of:
Alternativas
Q3826609 Inglês
“During the 1970s, the so-called audiolingual method, based on behaviorist and structuralist assumptions, was still considered the only scientific way of teaching a foreign language. Its emphasis on the oral skills and on the exhaustive repetition of structural exercises seemed to work well in the contexts of private language institutes. Those contexts were characterized by the gathering of small numbers of highly motivated students per class, a weekly time-table superior in the number of hours to the one adopted in regular schools, and plenty of audiovisual resources. Questionable in itself, both because of its results (which in time were revealed to be less efficient than believed, especially in terms of fluency) and its theoretical assumptions, the method ended up being adopted by regular schools due to its positive reputation at the time. The failure of the methodology in this context would soon become evident, generating extreme frustration both amongst teachers and students.

From the 1980s on, with the spread of ideas connected to the so-called communicative approach and the growth of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), the community of researchers and teachers interested in the context of regular schools started reviewing the assumptions and logic of English Language Teaching(ELT). Recognizing that each and every school discipline needs to justify its presence in the curriculum socially and educationally, this movement identified the skill of reading as the most relevant one for the students attending the majority of Brazilian regular schools. This understanding was achieved by considering not only the possibility of real use outside school, but also the role this approach could play in the achievement of other educational goals, such as the improvement of student's reading abilities in Portuguese as a mother tongue (see MOITA LOPES, 1996). This movement reached its climax with the publication of the Brazilian National Curricular Parameters (PCN) for the teaching of foreign languages at basic education level by the end of the 1990s. The document recommended the focus on the teaching of reading within a view of language as discourse. However, it did not close the door on the teaching of any other skill, as long as the context made it possible and relevant.
It is important at this point to clarify a few things about the emergence of this educational policy. First of all, it was not formulated apart from the community of teachers and researchers and then imposed upon them. On the contrary, great names in Brazilian Applied Linguistics, such as Luiz Paulo da Moita Lopes and Maria AntonietaCelani among others, were involved in the formulation of the Parameters. Even more important than that, a lot of teachers, individually or collectively, with or without supervision, were already trying the focus on reading as an alternative to the failure of previous practices before the Parameters were elaborated. Two well-known examples are those from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the late 1980s and early 1990s. In São Paulo, The Catholic University (PUC-SP) became a national center for foreign language teacher education, through the development of a Brazilian ESP project focusing on reading (CELANI, 2005). In Rio de Janeiro, a discussion conducted by the city educational authorities and the teachers in public schools (concerning the contents and methodology of each school discipline), during the administrations of Saturnino Braga and Marcelo Alencar, led to the proposition that the focus on reading for foreign language teaching reflected the will of most teachers who participated in the discussion. [...]

(Adapted from: https://www.scielo.br/j/rbla/a/nNz3Jtj85xmms8MnNfwRpMn/?lang=e n)
 In the sentence “the failure of the methodology in this context would soon become evident”, the word evident most nearly means:
Alternativas
Q3826608 Inglês
“During the 1970s, the so-called audiolingual method, based on behaviorist and structuralist assumptions, was still considered the only scientific way of teaching a foreign language. Its emphasis on the oral skills and on the exhaustive repetition of structural exercises seemed to work well in the contexts of private language institutes. Those contexts were characterized by the gathering of small numbers of highly motivated students per class, a weekly time-table superior in the number of hours to the one adopted in regular schools, and plenty of audiovisual resources. Questionable in itself, both because of its results (which in time were revealed to be less efficient than believed, especially in terms of fluency) and its theoretical assumptions, the method ended up being adopted by regular schools due to its positive reputation at the time. The failure of the methodology in this context would soon become evident, generating extreme frustration both amongst teachers and students.

From the 1980s on, with the spread of ideas connected to the so-called communicative approach and the growth of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), the community of researchers and teachers interested in the context of regular schools started reviewing the assumptions and logic of English Language Teaching(ELT). Recognizing that each and every school discipline needs to justify its presence in the curriculum socially and educationally, this movement identified the skill of reading as the most relevant one for the students attending the majority of Brazilian regular schools. This understanding was achieved by considering not only the possibility of real use outside school, but also the role this approach could play in the achievement of other educational goals, such as the improvement of student's reading abilities in Portuguese as a mother tongue (see MOITA LOPES, 1996). This movement reached its climax with the publication of the Brazilian National Curricular Parameters (PCN) for the teaching of foreign languages at basic education level by the end of the 1990s. The document recommended the focus on the teaching of reading within a view of language as discourse. However, it did not close the door on the teaching of any other skill, as long as the context made it possible and relevant.
It is important at this point to clarify a few things about the emergence of this educational policy. First of all, it was not formulated apart from the community of teachers and researchers and then imposed upon them. On the contrary, great names in Brazilian Applied Linguistics, such as Luiz Paulo da Moita Lopes and Maria AntonietaCelani among others, were involved in the formulation of the Parameters. Even more important than that, a lot of teachers, individually or collectively, with or without supervision, were already trying the focus on reading as an alternative to the failure of previous practices before the Parameters were elaborated. Two well-known examples are those from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the late 1980s and early 1990s. In São Paulo, The Catholic University (PUC-SP) became a national center for foreign language teacher education, through the development of a Brazilian ESP project focusing on reading (CELANI, 2005). In Rio de Janeiro, a discussion conducted by the city educational authorities and the teachers in public schools (concerning the contents and methodology of each school discipline), during the administrations of Saturnino Braga and Marcelo Alencar, led to the proposition that the focus on reading for foreign language teaching reflected the will of most teachers who participated in the discussion. [...]

(Adapted from: https://www.scielo.br/j/rbla/a/nNz3Jtj85xmms8MnNfwRpMn/?lang=e n)
What was the main rationale for prioritizing reading skills in regular Brazilian schools during the 1980s and 1990s?
Alternativas
Q3826607 Inglês
“During the 1970s, the so-called audiolingual method, based on behaviorist and structuralist assumptions, was still considered the only scientific way of teaching a foreign language. Its emphasis on the oral skills and on the exhaustive repetition of structural exercises seemed to work well in the contexts of private language institutes. Those contexts were characterized by the gathering of small numbers of highly motivated students per class, a weekly time-table superior in the number of hours to the one adopted in regular schools, and plenty of audiovisual resources. Questionable in itself, both because of its results (which in time were revealed to be less efficient than believed, especially in terms of fluency) and its theoretical assumptions, the method ended up being adopted by regular schools due to its positive reputation at the time. The failure of the methodology in this context would soon become evident, generating extreme frustration both amongst teachers and students.

From the 1980s on, with the spread of ideas connected to the so-called communicative approach and the growth of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), the community of researchers and teachers interested in the context of regular schools started reviewing the assumptions and logic of English Language Teaching(ELT). Recognizing that each and every school discipline needs to justify its presence in the curriculum socially and educationally, this movement identified the skill of reading as the most relevant one for the students attending the majority of Brazilian regular schools. This understanding was achieved by considering not only the possibility of real use outside school, but also the role this approach could play in the achievement of other educational goals, such as the improvement of student's reading abilities in Portuguese as a mother tongue (see MOITA LOPES, 1996). This movement reached its climax with the publication of the Brazilian National Curricular Parameters (PCN) for the teaching of foreign languages at basic education level by the end of the 1990s. The document recommended the focus on the teaching of reading within a view of language as discourse. However, it did not close the door on the teaching of any other skill, as long as the context made it possible and relevant.
It is important at this point to clarify a few things about the emergence of this educational policy. First of all, it was not formulated apart from the community of teachers and researchers and then imposed upon them. On the contrary, great names in Brazilian Applied Linguistics, such as Luiz Paulo da Moita Lopes and Maria AntonietaCelani among others, were involved in the formulation of the Parameters. Even more important than that, a lot of teachers, individually or collectively, with or without supervision, were already trying the focus on reading as an alternative to the failure of previous practices before the Parameters were elaborated. Two well-known examples are those from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the late 1980s and early 1990s. In São Paulo, The Catholic University (PUC-SP) became a national center for foreign language teacher education, through the development of a Brazilian ESP project focusing on reading (CELANI, 2005). In Rio de Janeiro, a discussion conducted by the city educational authorities and the teachers in public schools (concerning the contents and methodology of each school discipline), during the administrations of Saturnino Braga and Marcelo Alencar, led to the proposition that the focus on reading for foreign language teaching reflected the will of most teachers who participated in the discussion. [...]

(Adapted from: https://www.scielo.br/j/rbla/a/nNz3Jtj85xmms8MnNfwRpMn/?lang=e n)
According to the text, why did the audiolingual method initially gain prestige in Brazil?
Alternativas
Q3826606 Inglês
Choose the sentence in which the verb tense is correctly used:
Alternativas
Q3826605 Inglês
Choose the sentence in which the highlighted word is formed through derivation by suffixation:
Alternativas
Q3826604 Inglês
“In an unstable context in social and political fields, the Brazilian government published the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) in 2018, aiming at giving normative directions to basic education. Addressing English teaching, BNCC contains parts related to critical reflection in its introduction, five organizational axis, specific competences, and particular skills for each year. 

These excerpts produce fertile field to appreciations before the consolidation of a curricular system that respects each schools’ specificities. Therefore, BNCC’s critical component is analyzed aiming to denaturalize supremacy and subalternity discourses (MENEZES DE SOUZA, 2011), from critical literacies theories (MONTE MÓR, 2017; 2018; MENEZES DE SOUZA, GUILHERME, 2019), aiming at interpreting how BNCC’s perceptions are presented in the process of critical awareness (FREIRE, 2001) in English teaching/learning. In this context, this research is qualitative, exploratory, and interpretativist, configuring a reading towards BNCC’s critical reflection in a social engaged perspective, projecting education as an agent to social transformation. It is perceived an advance towards critical notions of the subject and language, though the document still reflects globalization and social interactions perspectives that need reflection to demystify notions historically built by a social minority who still possesses privileges.”


(Adapted from: http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1984- 64442023000100233&lng=en&nrm=iso)
The verb “denaturalize” in the text most nearly means:
Alternativas
Q3826603 Inglês
“In an unstable context in social and political fields, the Brazilian government published the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) in 2018, aiming at giving normative directions to basic education. Addressing English teaching, BNCC contains parts related to critical reflection in its introduction, five organizational axis, specific competences, and particular skills for each year. 

These excerpts produce fertile field to appreciations before the consolidation of a curricular system that respects each schools’ specificities. Therefore, BNCC’s critical component is analyzed aiming to denaturalize supremacy and subalternity discourses (MENEZES DE SOUZA, 2011), from critical literacies theories (MONTE MÓR, 2017; 2018; MENEZES DE SOUZA, GUILHERME, 2019), aiming at interpreting how BNCC’s perceptions are presented in the process of critical awareness (FREIRE, 2001) in English teaching/learning. In this context, this research is qualitative, exploratory, and interpretativist, configuring a reading towards BNCC’s critical reflection in a social engaged perspective, projecting education as an agent to social transformation. It is perceived an advance towards critical notions of the subject and language, though the document still reflects globalization and social interactions perspectives that need reflection to demystify notions historically built by a social minority who still possesses privileges.”


(Adapted from: http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1984- 64442023000100233&lng=en&nrm=iso)
In the sentence “These excerpts produce fertile field to appreciations,” the expression fertile field is closest in meaning to:
Alternativas
Q3826601 Saúde Pública
Julgue as afirmativas sobre os dados em vigilância epidemiológica:

I. O uso de dados confiáveis e atualizados é essencial para a tomada de decisões em saúde pública.
II. Isso se deve ao fato de que a qualidade dos dados (completude, precisão e atualidade) influencia diretamente a capacidade de detectar padrões, tendências e riscos de doenças.

Dessa forma, entende-se que a alternativa correta é:
Alternativas
Q3826600 Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária
Analise as afirmações a seguir sobre poluição do solo e seus impactos à saúde humana:

I. O descarte inadequado de resíduos industriais e agrotóxicos no solo pode contaminar lençóis freáticos, ocasionando a presença de metais pesados e nitratos na água consumida pela população, com risco de doenças crônicas.
II. A contaminação do solo por metais pesados e nitratos só representa risco à saúde humana quando a água contaminada é consumida diretamente, não afetando alimentos cultivados na região.

De acordo com a análise, assinale a alternativa correta:
Alternativas
Q3826599 Direito Sanitário
Sobre a abrangência da Vigilância Sanitária, é correto afirmar que ela:
Alternativas
Q3826598 Direito Sanitário
Nos termos da Legislação Sanitária Federal (Lei nº 6.437/1977), constitui infração sanitária o funcionamento de estabelecimentos que fabriquem ou manipulem alimentos, medicamentos, saneantes ou outros produtos de interesse à saúde pública sem o devido licenciamento sanitário. Nessa situação, a autoridade sanitária poderá aplicar, entre outras, a seguinte penalidade:
Alternativas
Q3826596 Saúde Pública
De acordo com a Portaria de Consolidação GM/MS nº 5/2017, que consolida normas de vigilância em saúde no Brasil, o Anexo XX estabelece as exigências de controle e vigilância da qualidade da água destinada ao consumo humano.
Segundo a norma:
SAA (Sistema de Abastecimento de Água): rede pública de abastecimento coletivo.
SAC (Solução Alternativa Coletiva): abastecimento coletivo por meio de soluções alternativas, como poços comunitários ou pequenos sistemas rurais.
SAI (Solução Alternativa Individual): abastecimento individual, como poços ou cisternas particulares.

Considerando essas definições e as responsabilidades de controle e vigilância previstas no Anexo XX, assinale a alternativa correta: 
Alternativas
Q3826595 Nutrição
O controle sanitário de alimentos no Brasil envolve diferentes setores governamentais, com responsabilidades distribuídas entre as esferas federal, estadual e municipal. No âmbito federal, os órgãos competentes exercem funções de regulação, fiscalização e coordenação dentro de suas áreas de atuação. Considerando isso, assinale a alternativa que apresenta corretamente os setores envolvidos e os órgãos federais responsáveis pelo controle de alimentos:
Alternativas
Q3826594 Saúde Pública
Entre as competências da ANVISA no âmbito do SNVS, assinale a alternativa correta:
Alternativas
Q3826593 Direito Sanitário
Conforme a legislação que institui o SNVS, a Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) é caracterizada como:
Alternativas
Q3826592 Direito Sanitário
A Lei nº 6.437/77, que define as infrações à legislação sanitária federal, estabelece, em seu Artigo 12º, que as infrações sanitárias serão apuradas em processo administrativo próprio, iniciado com a lavratura do auto de infração, observados os ritos e prazos nela estabelecidos (BRASIL, 1977). A instauração do Processo Administrativo Sanitário (PAS) ocorre mediante a lavratura do Auto de Infração Sanitária, que se constitui na peça inaugural do processo. Analise as afirmativas a seguir sobre o PAS como verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F):

( ) A lavratura do Auto de Infração Sanitária é a etapa que inicia formalmente o Processo Administrativo Sanitário.
( ) O infrator poderá apresentar defesa ou impugnação do auto de infração no prazo de 15 (quinze) dias, contados de sua notificação.
( ) A lei obriga ao autuado a apresentação de defesa e/ou impugnação ao Auto de Infração Sanitária.
( ) Finalizadas as etapas de análise e julgamento, ocorre a aplicação da penalidade ou o arquivamento do processo, conforme a decisão final.
( ) As penalidades ao infrator podem ser aplicadas de forma isolada ou cumulativa, conforme a natureza da infração e os impactos que ela ocasionar à saúde.

Com base na análise, a sequência correta é:
Alternativas
Q3826591 Direito Ambiental
A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) criada a partir da Lei nº 12.305/2010, reúne o conjunto de princípios, objetivos, instrumentos, diretrizes, metas e ações para a gestão e o gerenciamento ambientalmente adequado dos resíduos sólidos no Brasil. Considerando as diretrizes dessa política, assinale a alternativa correta:
Alternativas
Q3826590 Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho
A Norma Reguladora 32 (NR-32: Saúde e segurança no trabalho em serviços de saúde) tem por finalidade estabelecer as diretrizes básicas para a implementação de medidas de proteção à segurança e à saúde dos trabalhadores dos serviços de saúde, bem como daqueles que exercem atividades de promoção e assistência à saúde em geral. Com base nas medidas de proteção previstas contra os riscos biológicos, assinale a alternativa correta:
Alternativas
Respostas
181: B
182: D
183: C
184: C
185: C
186: B
187: A
188: B
189: C
190: A
191: A
192: B
193: C
194: E
195: B
196: B
197: E
198: A
199: D
200: D