Questões de Concurso Sobre vocabulário | vocabulary em inglês

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Q4420147 Inglês
Which Sleep Profile Are You? The Answer Shapes Your Health 



A night of solid rest can feel like a panacea. The quantity and quality of our sleep influence our physical health, our moods, our cognition and our ability to function in almost every aspect of life. Sleep can’t be reduced to a simple binary; researchers are finding it’s more complicated.

In a recent study, scientists analyzed brain scans and data on how shuteye affects many different measures of health. The dataset is based on self-reports from 770 healthy young adults. The researchers used statistical analysis to show that the complex relation between sleep and health can be _________ to five different profiles that describe how certain patterns of sleep are associated with changes in various aspects of our lives.

The profiles point to ways to improve sleep and health. Taking sleeping pills may _________ your memory, for instance, but could benefit your social relationships. And sleeping for at least six to seven hours a night might boost your cognitive performance and _________ your aggression. Sleep is individual, but you can improve it by keeping a regular bedtime, following a routine, and avoiding alcohol before bed.

Fonte: Scientific American. Adaptado.
In “A night of solid rest can feel like a panacea.” (1st paragraph), the underlined word can be substituted without loss of meaning by: 
Alternativas
Q4420146 Inglês
Which Sleep Profile Are You? The Answer Shapes Your Health 



A night of solid rest can feel like a panacea. The quantity and quality of our sleep influence our physical health, our moods, our cognition and our ability to function in almost every aspect of life. Sleep can’t be reduced to a simple binary; researchers are finding it’s more complicated.

In a recent study, scientists analyzed brain scans and data on how shuteye affects many different measures of health. The dataset is based on self-reports from 770 healthy young adults. The researchers used statistical analysis to show that the complex relation between sleep and health can be _________ to five different profiles that describe how certain patterns of sleep are associated with changes in various aspects of our lives.

The profiles point to ways to improve sleep and health. Taking sleeping pills may _________ your memory, for instance, but could benefit your social relationships. And sleeping for at least six to seven hours a night might boost your cognitive performance and _________ your aggression. Sleep is individual, but you can improve it by keeping a regular bedtime, following a routine, and avoiding alcohol before bed.

Fonte: Scientific American. Adaptado.
Select the option that CORRECTLY fills the blanks in the text.
Alternativas
Q4417788 Inglês
The expression "flat out like a lizard drinking" is an Australian idiom and it was first recorded in the 1930s. Here is one example of its use: "Dr Low was the only orthopaedic surgeon working in Townsville over the break and according to hospital sources was flat out like a lizard drinking." What does this idiom mean?
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Q4414293 Inglês

The following text is reference to question.


A professional cornhole player who is a quadruple amputee has been arrested in connection with a fatal shooting


Dayton Webber, 27, is accused of killing a man in the front seat of his car during an argument on Sunday in his hometown of La Plata, Md. – about 30 miles south of Washington, D.C. – according to the Charles County Sheriff’s Office. 


The sheriff’s office said in a press release that passengers in the backseat saw Webber shoot Bradrick Michael Wells, also 27, before he pulled over and asked them “to help pull the victim out of the car”. They refused and left, at which point Webber “fled with the victim still in the car.” All of the passengers knew each other, authorities said.  


Nearly two hours later, a resident _______ Charlotte Hall, Md., about 14 miles away, called the police to report “a body _______ a yard,” the sheriff’s office said. Responders identified Wells and pronounced him dead _______ the scene.  


Available in: https://www.npr.org.  

The underlined sentence “Webber ‘fled with the victim still in the car’”, means he:  
Alternativas
Q4414286 Inglês

The following text is reference to question.


Bats are flying mammals. They are warm blooded creatures that hibernate in winter. Growing warmth from the sun _______ sleep in March or April. In many British gardens, they can be seen at dusk – and occasionally even in daytime – right through to October or even later. Their diet consists entirely of insects which they detect by echolocation, usually in flight. The sound waves issued through their mouths or noses help them to navigate, as well as to find food.  


Britain has 17 different species of bat. A lot of these have been recorded in gardens and several species may roost in houses. In many parts of the world, bat populations have declined dramatically. British bats are under threat and many species are now much less common than they used to be. Some species of British bat are very rare and a few species are close to extinction.  


Bats normally remain hidden during the day and their small, black droppings in your roof space often provide the only evidence of their presence. Mice droppings are hard but those of bats consist of insect skeletons and crumble to dust if rubbed between finger and thumb. All bat species and their roosts are protected by law because they are so vulnerable. British bats are quite harmless to humans and should not be disturbed.  


Available in: https://www.esolcourses.com. 

Mark the alternative that fills in the gap. 
Alternativas
Q4414285 Inglês

The following text is reference to question.


Bats are flying mammals. They are warm blooded creatures that hibernate in winter. Growing warmth from the sun _______ sleep in March or April. In many British gardens, they can be seen at dusk – and occasionally even in daytime – right through to October or even later. Their diet consists entirely of insects which they detect by echolocation, usually in flight. The sound waves issued through their mouths or noses help them to navigate, as well as to find food.  


Britain has 17 different species of bat. A lot of these have been recorded in gardens and several species may roost in houses. In many parts of the world, bat populations have declined dramatically. British bats are under threat and many species are now much less common than they used to be. Some species of British bat are very rare and a few species are close to extinction.  


Bats normally remain hidden during the day and their small, black droppings in your roof space often provide the only evidence of their presence. Mice droppings are hard but those of bats consist of insect skeletons and crumble to dust if rubbed between finger and thumb. All bat species and their roosts are protected by law because they are so vulnerable. British bats are quite harmless to humans and should not be disturbed.  


Available in: https://www.esolcourses.com. 

Consider the following expressions:


1. Warm blooded creatures.

2. Insect skeletons.

3. Mice droppings.

4. Flying mammals.


The expression(s) that refer(s) to bats is/are:  

Alternativas
Q4414284 Inglês

The following text is reference to question.


A YouTuber has been banned for life from visiting all Six Flags parks after posting a viral video that appeared to show him eating chicken nuggets while riding one of the country’s most famous roller coasters. 


The video, uploaded in May by content creator Allen Ferrell, shows him attempting to eat McDonald’s chicken nuggets while riding Millennium Force at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio.  


The stunt quickly gained attention online, generating hundreds of thousands of views and prompting a response from park officials.  


The company said food and other loose items are prohibited on rides because they can create safety hazards.  


“Safety is a cornerstone of our business, and we have zero tolerance for inappropriate and unsafe behavior,” a Six Flags spokesperson told Fox News Digital.  

Mark the alternative that contains the correct definition for the underlined expression “safety hazards”. 
Alternativas
Q4414283 Inglês

The following text is reference to question.


A YouTuber has been banned for life from visiting all Six Flags parks after posting a viral video that appeared to show him eating chicken nuggets while riding one of the country’s most famous roller coasters. 


The video, uploaded in May by content creator Allen Ferrell, shows him attempting to eat McDonald’s chicken nuggets while riding Millennium Force at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio.  


The stunt quickly gained attention online, generating hundreds of thousands of views and prompting a response from park officials.  


The company said food and other loose items are prohibited on rides because they can create safety hazards.  


“Safety is a cornerstone of our business, and we have zero tolerance for inappropriate and unsafe behavior,” a Six Flags spokesperson told Fox News Digital.  

The underlined verb “prompting” can be substituted by:
Alternativas
Q4414279 Inglês
The following text is reference to question.

‘He was not a hero’: How the dark, violent medieval origins of Robin Hood were erased

Robin Hood began as an oral tradition in the 12th Century before morphing into a heroic, family-friendly stereotype – here’s how new takes are restoring his dark side.  

When writer and director Michael Sarnoski began shooting his new film, he showed the cast and crew one he has always loved. It was Disney’s 1973 animated Robin Hood, its hero a fox with a feather in his green cap, robbing the rich to give to the poor. 

That beloved version could not be further from The Death of Robin Hood, Sarnoski’s dark, thoughtful drama. Hugh Jackman stars as a grey-haired, battle-weary Robin, reflective at the end of his life and acutely aware of his own legend.  

When he encounters a woman who talks about the virtuous, justice-seeking Robin Hood, he denies who he is and speaks of himself in the third person. “He was not a hero. He robbed and killed for the joy of it, nothing more.” 

Available in: https://www.bbc.com.  
The phrasal verb, underlined in the text, “morphing into” means:  
Alternativas
Q4414278 Inglês
The following text is reference to question.

‘He was not a hero’: How the dark, violent medieval origins of Robin Hood were erased

Robin Hood began as an oral tradition in the 12th Century before morphing into a heroic, family-friendly stereotype – here’s how new takes are restoring his dark side.  

When writer and director Michael Sarnoski began shooting his new film, he showed the cast and crew one he has always loved. It was Disney’s 1973 animated Robin Hood, its hero a fox with a feather in his green cap, robbing the rich to give to the poor. 

That beloved version could not be further from The Death of Robin Hood, Sarnoski’s dark, thoughtful drama. Hugh Jackman stars as a grey-haired, battle-weary Robin, reflective at the end of his life and acutely aware of his own legend.  

When he encounters a woman who talks about the virtuous, justice-seeking Robin Hood, he denies who he is and speaks of himself in the third person. “He was not a hero. He robbed and killed for the joy of it, nothing more.” 

Available in: https://www.bbc.com.  
Mark the alternative that substitutes the word “shooting”, underlined in the text, correctly. 
Alternativas
Q4414275 Inglês

The following text is reference to question.  


        Thanks to the field of linguistics we know much about the development of the 5,000 plus languages in existence today. We ___(1)___ their grammar and pronunciation and ___(2)___ how their spoken and written forms ___(3)___ over time. ___(4)___, we understand the origins of the Indo-European group of languages, which includes Norwegian, Hindi and English, and can trace them back to tribes in eastern Europe in about 3000 BC. 


        So, we have mapped out a great deal of the history of language, but there are still areas we know little about. Experts are beginning to look to the field of evolutionary biology to ___(5)___ how the human species developed to be able to use language. So far, there are far more questions and half-theories than answers.  


Available in: https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org. 

The phrasal verb that correctly fills in the gap (5) is: 
Alternativas
Q4414268 Inglês

The following text is reference to question.

Why strength training advice for women is mostly wrong

        For years, women were told to train differently because of their hormones. New research suggests the fundamentals of building strength and muscle look remarkably similar across sexes.  


        For decades, women have been told they need special workout rules. Don’t lift too heavy. Train around your hormones. Change  your workouts throughout the month. 


        The advice seemed logical. Men have substantially higher testosterone levels, a hormone that plays a major role in muscle growth. “Testosterone increases muscle mass in boys, and so you get an adult 20-year-old man and an adult 20-year-old woman, and there’s going to be differences in baseline muscle size and strength,” says Lauren Colenso-Semple, a researcher and science communicator specializing in female physiology and exercise. 


        ___(1)___ a growing body of research suggests those differences may matter less than many people assume once training begins. A 2025 meta-analysis published in PeerJ found that women have a similar capacity for muscle growth, known as hypertrophy, as men. While men typically start with more muscle mass, women make comparable relative gains in muscle mass through resistance training. 


        Once people start exercising, the sex differences disappear quite quickly: “When you think about lifting weights and the magnitude of muscle size and strength that you can gain in response to training, the trajectory is very, very similar in men and women,” says Semple, a researcher and science specializing in female physiology and exercise.  


        ___(2)___ hormones can influence how exercise feels from day to day, there is little evidence that most women need entirely different training programs to build muscle, strength, or fitness. That matters because resistance training remains one of the most powerful tools for improving cardiovascular health, preserving bone density, and supporting healthy aging. 


Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com. 

In the sentence “A hormone that plays a major role in muscle growth”, the underlined expression means that the hormone:  
Alternativas
Q4405110 Inglês
Read the Text I to answer the question.

Text I

Students using A.I. over humans to learn English (23rd December 2024)

    More and more students in Japan are using artificial intelligence (AI) to learn English and other languages. The languagelearning app Duolingo conducted a survey on how students study languages. More than 4,700 Japanese students answered questions about their language-learning habits. The survey found that the number of people using ChatGPTand other AI tools increased by more than 80 per cent in 2024. AI was particularly popular with younger people. The researchers said more young people used AI than took face-to-face lessons. However, some people in their 20s were not totally happy with AI lessons. They said AI lacked natural responses and was a little boring.
    Duolingo said: "We're in the midst of an AI revolution.…Technology has long had an impact on language learning." It found that apps were the most popular method in Japan to learn languages. English was the most studied language, followed by Korean. People are studying Korean "to understand the language as spoken by…favourite artists and celebrities." Duolingo said around 58 per cent of people who took the survey used language-learning apps. This was followed by video streaming platforms like YouTube and Netflix (37%), textbooks (36%) and online lessons (16%). The number of people going to a language school is decreasing. Just 13.8 per cent of people went to classes with a teacher.

Sources: https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20241218/p2a/00m/0li/017000c; https://blog.duolingo.com/2024-duolingo-language-report/
In the phrase “We're in the midst of an AI revolution”, the expression “in the midst of” can be best replaced, without changing the original meaning of the text, by: 
Alternativas
Q4396510 Inglês
Text 2


Reading as an Active Process


Many people assume that reading is simply the ability to recognize words and understand their literal meanings. However, proficient readers know that comprehension is a far more sophisticated process. Rather than passively absorbing information, skilled readers actively construct meaning by interacting with the text, questioning the author’s ideas, and integrating new information with their existing knowledge.

One of the most effective reading strategies is prediction. Before beginning a text, readers examine titles, headings, visuals, and introductory paragraphs to anticipate its content and purpose. These predictions are continuously revised as new information emerges, demonstrating that reading is a dynamic rather than linear process.

Another essential strategy is monitoring comprehension. Expert readers constantly evaluate whether they understand what they are reading. When comprehension breaks down, they employ repair strategies such as rereading, slowing their reading pace, consulting context clues, or summarizing key ideas before moving forward. Less experienced readers, by contrast, often continue reading despite confusion, which limits their overall understanding.

Critical reading extends beyond comprehension     encouraging readers     evaluate the credibility, assumptions, and intentions     a text. Instead of accepting every statement as factual, critical readers consider the author’s perspective, identify possible bias, and compare the information with other reliable sources. In today’s digital environment, where misinformation can spread rapidly, these analytical skills have become increasingly important.

Furthermore, effective readers recognize that every text is written for a particular audience and purpose. A scientific article, a newspaper editorial, and a social media post all require different reading approaches. Adjusting one’s strategy according to genre, purpose, and context enables readers to extract relevant information more efficiently.

Finally, reading should be viewed as an ongoing dialogue between the reader and the author. Meaning does not reside solely in the words printed on the page; instead, it is constructed through the interaction between textual evidence, the reader’s prior knowledge, cultural background, and personal experiences. Consequently, two readers may develop different—but equally valid—interpretations of the same  text, provided that their conclusions are supported by evidence.

Ultimately, becoming a proficient reader involves much more than increasing reading speed. It requires conscious strategy use, critical thinking, and a willingness to question, reflect, and make meaningful connections throughout the reading process.
Match Column 2 with the correct meanings of the words from text 2 in Column 1.

Column 1 Words

1. purpose
2. clues
3. factual
4. solely
5. consequently

Column 2 Meanings

( ) therefore.
( ) true.
( ) a piece of evidence.
( ) the reason for which something is done.
( ) only, exclusively.

Choose the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.
Alternativas
Q4395896 Inglês
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão:


    Central to an approach or method in language teaching is a view of the nature of language, and this shapes teaching goals, the organization of the curriculum, and the emphasis given in classroom teaching. A lexical approach in language teaching refers to one derived from the belief that the building blocks of language learning and communication are not grammar, functions, notions or some other unit of planning and teaching but lexis, that is, words and word combinations. The lexical view holds that only a minority of spoken sentences are entirely novel creations and that multiword units functioning as ‘chunks” or memorized patterns form a high proportion of the fluent stretches of speech heard in everyday conversations.

     Collocations are ‘language chunks’ that form an integral part of any discourse, written or spoken. The term refers to the regular occurrence together of words. For example, compare the following collocations of verbs with nouns:

    Do my hair/ the cooking /the laundry/ my work

    Make my bed/ a promise/ coffee/ a meal


(RICHARDS, Jack C.; RODGERS, Theodore S. Approaches and methods in language teaching. 2. ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Adaptado)
A correct collocation with the verb “make” is found in alternative
Alternativas
Q4395895 Inglês
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão:


    Central to an approach or method in language teaching is a view of the nature of language, and this shapes teaching goals, the organization of the curriculum, and the emphasis given in classroom teaching. A lexical approach in language teaching refers to one derived from the belief that the building blocks of language learning and communication are not grammar, functions, notions or some other unit of planning and teaching but lexis, that is, words and word combinations. The lexical view holds that only a minority of spoken sentences are entirely novel creations and that multiword units functioning as ‘chunks” or memorized patterns form a high proportion of the fluent stretches of speech heard in everyday conversations.

     Collocations are ‘language chunks’ that form an integral part of any discourse, written or spoken. The term refers to the regular occurrence together of words. For example, compare the following collocations of verbs with nouns:

    Do my hair/ the cooking /the laundry/ my work

    Make my bed/ a promise/ coffee/ a meal


(RICHARDS, Jack C.; RODGERS, Theodore S. Approaches and methods in language teaching. 2. ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Adaptado)
Lexical approaches stress the teaching of the lexicon because, under this perspective, words or multiword lexical chunks
Alternativas
Q4390125 Inglês

Reading Comprehension


The use of media and digital technologies has transformed English language teaching and learning in Brazil. Teachers can now use videos, podcasts, digital games, social media, online dictionaries, educational platforms, and interactive applications to create more dynamic learning experiences. These resources can provide students with contact with authentic materials and different varieties of English used around the world.


However, technology itself does not guarantee effective learning. The teacher plays an important role in selecting appropriate resources and connecting them to clear learning objectives. Digital tools should be used as pedagogical resources rather than simply as entertainment. For example, a teacher may use a video to develop listening comprehension, followed by a discussion that encourages students to express their opinions in English.


Technology can also support collaboration and student autonomy. Online projects may allow students to work together, communicate with other learners, and produce multimodal texts combining words, images, sounds, and videos. In addition, students can access English-language materials outside the classroom, creating opportunities for continuous learning.


Despite these possibilities, the use of technology in Brazilian schools also presents challenges. Unequal access to devices and reliable internet connections can create educational inequalities. Teachers may also need training to integrate digital resources effectively into their pedagogical practices.


Therefore, the meaningful use of technology requires not only access to digital tools but also critical planning, teacher mediation, and consideration of students’ social and educational contexts.

Match column 1 with the correct meanings of the words from the text in column 2.



Column 1 Words



1. support


2. resource


3. develop


4. reliable


5. provide



Column 2 Meanings



( ) able to be trusted.


( ) grow or progress.


( ) to hold something up from underneath.


( ) to give something that is needed or wanted.


( ) source of help.



Choose the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.

Alternativas
Q4385297 Inglês
Em inglês, “actually” e “pretend” são cognatos transparentes de “atualmente” e “pretender”, respectivamente, razão pela qual podem ser traduzidos por essas formas portuguesas em qualquer contexto.
Alternativas
Q4385291 Inglês
Situação hipotética: um aluno escreveu “The meeting was put off because the director was ill” e traduziu “put off” como “realizada antecipadamente”. Assertiva: a tradução está correta, pois “put off”, nesse contexto, significa antecipar um evento.
Alternativas
Q4384487 Inglês

https://qcon-assets-production.s3.amazonaws.com/images/provas/161639/41_ing.png


(Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2026/sep/16/expect-more-potholes-uk-roads-summer-
heatwaves-rac - text specially adapted for this test).

In the excerpt “making surfaces more brittle and prone to cracking” (l. 05-06), the underlined expression could be replaced, without a significant change in meaning and with the necessary grammatical changes, by: 
Alternativas
Respostas
21: E
22: D
23: B
24: A
25: C
26: C
27: D
28: B
29: A
30: A
31: E
32: E
33: C
34: E
35: A
36: C
37: D
38: E
39: E
40: A