Questões de Concurso Comentadas sobre falso cognatos | false cognates em inglês

Foram encontradas 107 questões

Q3524650 Inglês
   Technology has always been at the forefront of human education. From the days of carving figures on rock walls to today, when most students are equipped with several portable technological devices at any given time, technology continues to push educational capabilities to new levels. In looking at where educational methods and tools have come from to where they are going in the future, technology’s importance in the classroom is evident now more than ever.

   In the Colonial years, wooden paddles with printed lessons, called Horn-Books, were used to assist students in learning verses. Over 200 years later, in 1870, technology advanced to include the Magic Lantern, a primitive version of a slide projector that projected images printed on glass plates. By the time World War I ended, around 8000 lantern slides were circulating through the Chicago public school system. By the time the Chalkboard came around in 1890, followed by the pencil in 1900, it was clear that students were hungry for more advanced educational tools.

   Examples of these are: in the 1920s, radio sparked an entirely new wave of learning; on-air classes began popping up for any student within listening range. Next came the overhead projector in 1930, followed by the ballpoint pen in 1940 and headphones in 1950. Videotapes arrived on the scene in 1951, creating a new and exciting method of instruction.

   The pre-computer years were formative in the choices made for computers in the years following. Immediate response-type systems (video, calculator, Scantron) had become necessary, and quick production of teaching materials, using the photocopier, had become a standard. Teachers needed new methods of instruction and testing, and students were looking for new ways to communicate, study, and learn.

   Although the first computers were developed in the ‘30s, everyday use computers were introduced in the ‘80s. When IBM introduced its first personal computer in 1981, the educational world knew that it was on the verge of greatness. The foundation of immediate learning capabilities had been laid. Time magazine declared, “it is the end result of a technological revolution that has been in the making for four decades and is now, quite literally, hitting home.”


(https://education.purdue.edu/. Adaptado)
No fragmento do primeiro parágrafo “technology continues to push educational capabilities to new levels” a palavra em negrito é um falso cognato. É também um falso cognato a palavra em negrito na alternativa
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Q3502707 Inglês
In the sentence “She said she loved swimming, but actually, she is afraid of deep water”, the word false cognate is
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Q3464012 Inglês
Leia o texto para responder à questão.


    In the literature on language learning, one particular process has commonly been singled out for explication: transfer. The term describes the carryover of previous performance or knowledge to subsequent learning. Positive transfer occurs when the prior knowledge benefits the learning task; negative transfer, or interference, occurs when previous performance disrupts the performance of a second task.

    It has been common in second language teaching to stress the role of interference. This is of course not surprising, as native language interference is surely the most immediately noticeable source of error among second language learners. The saliency of interference is strong. For example, a French native speaker might say in English, “I am in New York since January,” a perfectly logical transfer of the French sentence “Je suis a New York depuis Janvier.” Because of the negative transfer of the French verb form to English, the French system has, in this case, interfered with the person’s production of a correct English form.

    It is exceedingly important to remember, however, that the native language of a second language learner is often positively transferred, in which case the learner benefits from the facilitating effects of the first language. In the above sentence, for example, the correct one-to-one word order correspondence, the personal pronoun, and the preposition have been positively transferred from French to English. We often mistakenly overlook the facilitating effects of the native language in our appetite for analyzing errors in the second language and for overstressing the interfering effects of the first language.


(Douglas Brown. Principles of language learning and teaching, 2000. Adaptado)
Enquanto palavras cognatas favorecem a transferência positiva, falsos cognatos frequentemente interferem na compreensão da língua estrangeira. Assinale a alternativa em que a palavra em negrito é um falso cognato no contexto da frase.
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Q3430816 Inglês
Read the text to answer question:


    It is suggested that the field of language teaching has moved away from a reliance on prescriptive methods towards a more nuanced understanding of the complexities of language learning. For example, Richards and Rodgers (1986) note that there have been calls to abandon the search for a single “supermethod” and to instead focus on equipping teachers with “a repertoire of methods and skills that can be used selectively in different contexts”. This reflects a move away from the idea that there is one “right” way to teach language, and towards an approach that values flexibility, adaptability, and a recognition of the diverse contexts in which language learning takes place (Richards, 2001).


    Realistically speaking, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages; up till now, no method has been empirically proven the best for all language educators to blindly adopt without discussion. For example, the current great enthusiasm for (and wide adoption of) the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) method in Egypt can be attributed to the failure of the previously adopted method (i.e. the Grammar-Translation Method) to meet the national language learning goals. It failed to develop a language learner who can communicate properly in English. This does not mean that the CLT will stay forever, especially in this Information and Communication Technology-dominated age (ICT) that has been changing the nature of language and how it should be taught (Abdallah, 2011).


(M. Abdallah, 2024. Disponível em: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED660475.pdf. Adaptado) 
A BNCC recomenda chamar a atenção para as semelhanças e diferenças entre a língua inglesa e a língua portuguesa. Um modo de fazê-lo poderia ser destacar cognatos e falsos cognatos. Das palavras a seguir, no contexto do texto, o falso cognato encontra-se em
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Q3259812 Inglês

Read the text below and answer the questions that follow.


Text


Should schools just say no to pupils using phones?


14th July 2024

Natalie Grice – BBC News


“I wouldn’t say it’s a good thing for a child never to have a smartphone. I think it’s part of a balanced life. You’ve got to live in your own time.”


These are not the words you might expect to hear from a teacher at a school that has never in its history allowed pupils under sixth form age to use a mobile phone on the premises.


But Sarah Owen, deputy head at Stanwell School in Penarth, Vale of Glamorgan, was simply expressing a personal opinion, rather than the school’s view about a young person’s wider life.


It is clear that she and the school have very firm opinions on what is best for children while they are on school grounds.


For Stanwell pupils in years 7 to 11, that has always meant no phones. Not in lessons, not in the corridor, not at breaktimes.


It is such a long-established rule that it presumably comes as no surprise to pupils and parents when they join the school, which is starting to seem as if it may have been ahead of a growing curve.


In the past few years, a number of schools across Wales and further afield have introduced total bans on mobiles. While Stanwell only asks pupils to keep phones switched off in their bags, others require the devices to be handed in at the start of the day.


Llanidloes High School in Powys is one which has implemented this policy in the past few years and Ysgol Penrhyn Dewi in St Davids, Pembrokeshire, followed suit at the start of this year.


Sarah Owen has been at Stanwell School since 2000 and says that there has always been a no phone policy in the school. For Sarah, it is a question not of trying to impinge on their students’ freedom, but of giving them vital time away from mobile life, for welfare as well as educational reasons.


“We genuinely believe this is in their best interests,” she said. “Phone addiction and screen addiction and scrolling, the loss of concentration, the loss of soft skills around listening and interacting with others, that’s something we need to be concerned about as a society generally.”


“We want children to be interacting with each other, having conversations, playing football, having those connections and interactions with other people.”


Sarah also believes it gives pupils relief from the possibility of being “photographed, filmed, mocked in some way – that’s not a nice way for children to live”. She said she wanted her pupils to have “some sanctuary from the anxiety of feeling so scrutinised and looked at”. 


Adapted from: https://www.bbc.com/news/articles



Choose the option which presents the correct translation for the word in parentheses.
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Q3215228 Inglês

Read the text to answer the question from. 


    It happens that the publication of this edition of the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary comes 250 years after the appearance of the first comprehensive dictionary of the English language, compiled by Samuel Johnson. Much has changed since then. The English that Johnson described in 1755 was relatively well defined, still essentially the national property of the British. Since then, it has dispersed and diversified, has been adopted and adapted as an international means of communication by communities all over the globe. English is now the name given to an immensely diverse variety of different usages. This obviously poses a problem of selection for the dictionary maker: which words are to be included in a dictionary, and thus granted recognition as more centrally or essentially English than the words that are left out?

   

     Johnson did not have to deal with such diversity, but he too was exercised with this question. In his Plan of an English Dictionary, published in 1747, he considers which words it is proper to include in his dictionary; whether ‘terms of particular professions’, for example, were eligible, particularly since many of them had been derived from other languages. ‘Of such words,’ he says, ‘all are not equally to be considered as parts of our language, for some of them are naturalized and incorporated, but others still continue aliens...’. Which words are deemed to be sufficiently naturalized or incorporated to count as ‘parts of our language’, ‘real’ or proper English, and thus worthy of inclusion in a dictionary of the language, remains, of course, a controversial matter. Interestingly enough, even for Johnson the status of a word in the language was not the only, nor indeed the most important consideration. For being alien did not itself disqualify words from inclusion; in a remark which has considerable current resonance he adds: ‘some seem necessary to be retained, because the purchaser of the dictionary will expect to find them’. And, crucially, the expectations that people have of a dictionary are based on what they want to use it for. What Johnson says of his own dictionary would apply very aptly to The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (OALD): ‘The value of a work must be estimated by its use: It is not enough that a dictionary delights the critic, unless at the same time it instructs the learner...’.


(Widdowson, H. Hornby, A.S. 2010. Adaptado)

Casos de cognatos e falsos cognatos são comumente encontrados entre português e inglês. No contexto do primeiro parágrafo do texto, assinale a alternativa que apresenta um falso cognato.
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Q3161501 Inglês
Cognates can help recognize meanings in English texts, while false cognates require more attention to avoid misinterpretations. Regarding the topic, analyze the following statements:

I.The word important is a true cognate that means "importante" in Portuguese.
II.The word fabric does not mean "fábrica" in Portuguese but rather "tecido."
III.The term eventually is not a true cognate of "eventualmente" because it means "finally" or "in the end."

The correct statements are:
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Q3161498 Inglês
Cognates and false cognates can either facilitate or hinder the understanding of texts in English, depending on the context in which they are used. Regarding the topic, mark T for true statements and F for false ones.

(__)The word library means "livraria" in Portuguese.
(__)The term actually is equivalent to "atualmente" in Portuguese.
(__)The word parents refers to "parentes" in Portuguese.
(__)The word education is a true cognate that means "educação" or "ensino" in Portuguese.

The correct sequence is:
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Q3156510 Inglês
In a TED Talk about space exploration, students understood terms like "constellation," "gravitational," and "atmospheric" without prior teaching. However, they misinterpreted "actually" as "currently" and "pretend" as "intend." The interpretation errors occurred due to:
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Q3153138 Inglês
Understanding texts in English requires the use of efficient reading strategies. Analyze the following statements.

I.Skimming is a reading technique that searches for specific information, such as names and dates, in a text.
II.Scanning is a strategy used to quickly locate specific information without reading the entire text.
III.Inference consists of understanding the meaning of the text solely by identifying cognates.

The correct statements are:
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Q3153130 Inglês
The English vocabulary consists of words with different meanings and contextual uses. Regarding this topic, mark T for the true statements and F for the false ones.

(__)True cognates are words that have similar spelling and meaning in English and Portuguese, such as information.
(__)In English, bored and boring can be used interchangeably to describe people and situations.
(__)In English, actually means "currently" and is synonymous with currently.
(__)The term false friends refers to words that look similar in English and Portuguese but have different meanings, such as pretend and "pretender."

The correct sequence is:
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Q3620067 Inglês
Abaixo segue listados termos cognatos e falsos cognatos. Assinale a alternativa que indica um falso cognato, sendo que a primeira está em inglês e a segunda em português: 
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Q3414587 Inglês
Alguns erros de tradução ocorrem devido aos chamados “false friends”. Sendo assim, assinalar a alternativa em que a tradução para a língua portuguesa está CORRETA: 
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Q3407912 Inglês
Select the pair that represents true cognates, sharing similar meanings in both English and Portuguese.
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Q3400252 Inglês
Mark the alternative in which all three words are NOT false friends.
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Q3380954 Inglês
O verbo “to push” em português é um:
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Q3380953 Inglês

Escolha a alternativa que melhor traduz a palavra em negrito da sentença abaixo.


 My mother is a very sensible woman.

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Q3367745 Inglês
After the lecture, she decided to attend the mayor's appointment at city hall to discuss the community's agenda, which actually focused on the balance between urban development and environmental conservation.
How many false cognates can we find in the sentence above?
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Q3338236 Inglês
Read the following quote from "The Young American", by Ralph Waldo Emerson (1844):

"We must have kings, we must have nobles; nature is always providing such in every society: only let us have the real instead of the titular. In every society some are born to rule, and some to advise. The chief is the chief all the world over, only not his cap and plume. It is only this dislike of the pretender which makes men sometimes unjust to the true and finished man".

Which false cognate did we find in the text?
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Q3338229 Inglês
Read the following quotes from "The Song of Achilles", by Madeline Miller (2011):

"He is known now only because of how his story touches yours. If you go to Troy, your fame will be so great that a man will be written into eternal legend just for having passed a cup to you".
"Nine months later, her womb yielded two sets of twins: Clytemnestra and Castor, children of her mortal husband; Helen and Polydeuces, the shining cygnets of the god. But gods were known to be notoriously poor parents; it was expected that Tyndareus would offer patrimony to all".
"I sat again on the grass, and he resumed his stretches. I watched the breeze stir his hair; I watched the sun fall on his golden skin. I leaned back and let it fall on me as well".
In every quote, a false cognate can be found. Which ones are they?
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Respostas
21: A
22: E
23: C
24: E
25: C
26: B
27: C
28: D
29: B
30: B
31: C
32: B
33: A
34: E
35: C
36: A
37: E
38: C
39: C
40: A