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Q3909794
Geografia Cartografia ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: EsPCEx Prova: Exército - 2025 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3909794 Geografia
“Se um quadro vale mil palavras, um mapa vale um milhão. Uma vez que os mapas são representações gráficas e utilizam linguagem simbólica, eles mostram relações espaciais e retratam informações geográficas com muito mais eficácia. Os mapas fornecem uma quantidade de informações gráficas que necessitaria de várias páginas para descrevê-las (provavelmente com menos sucesso).”

(Fonte: PETERSEN, James F. Fundamentos de Geografia Física. São Paulo: Cengage Learning, 2014. pág. 29)

Analise as assertivas abaixo.

I – Em um mapa, os elementos que compõem o espaço geográfico podem ser representados de diversas formas. Entretanto, diante da complexidade do espaço geográfico, algumas informações são sempre priorizadas em detrimento de outras.
II – No caso dos mapas e cartas topográficas, as escalas cartográficas utilizadas em sua confecção pouco ou nada interferem no detalhamento e na precisão com que as variáveis da superfície terrestre são representadas.
III – Dependendo da escala cartográfica utilizada, um fenômeno que normalmente é representado de maneira pontual pode passar a ser representado de maneira zonal, passando-se a enfatizar a área ocupada por ele.
IV – Numa anamorfose geográfica, busca-se, através da manutenção da escala cartográfica em todo o mapa, demonstrar o grau de participação dos países em relação a fenômenos escolhidos e representados.
V – Nos mapas temáticos, os quais contêm informações selecionadas sobre determinados fenômenos ou temas do espaço geográfico, as representações quantitativas e qualitativas são mais relevantes que a precisão planimétrica ou altimétrica.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta somente assertivas corretas.
Alternativas
Q3909793
Geografia Geografia Física ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: EsPCEx Prova: Exército - 2025 - EsPCEx - Cadete do Exército - 2º Dia |
Q3909793 Geografia
“O relevo não é estático, mas dinâmico. O modelado da crosta continua em transformação. Esse fluxo pode ser muito lento e quase sempre nossos sentidos são incapazes de captá-lo. As transformações morfológicas são provocadas por dois tipos de força: os agentes internos ou modeladores resultam de forças oriundas do interior do planeta; os agentes externos ou esculpidores resultam de forças oriundas da atmosfera.”

(Fonte: MAGNOLI, Demétrio. Geografia para o Ensino Médio. 2. ed. São Paulo: Atual, 2012. pág. 38).

A respeito da atuação dos agentes expostos no enunciado, julgue as assertivas a seguir: I – Como exemplo típico de intemperismo físico, as intensas variações diárias de temperatura, muito atuantes nos desertos, podem ocasionar a desintegração mecânica das rochas.
II – Como agentes erosivos, os ventos conseguem transportar poeira fina por centenas ou mesmo milhares de quilômetros, fazendo-a atravessar, inclusive, mares e oceanos.
III – No que diz respeito aos abalos sísmicos, a profundidade do foco em nada interfere na extensão da área afetada, bem como nas possibilidades de destruição geradas por esse fenômeno.
IV – Enquanto a epirogênese age sobre regiões estáveis da crosta, levando à ocorrência de áreas soerguidas e rebaixadas, a orogênese atua nos limites das placas tectônicas, resultando em dobras e falhas.
V – Comparando as possibilidades de atuação dos principais agentes envolvidos nos intemperismos físico e químico, conclui-se que as condições climáticas são irrelevantes para a prevalência, ou mesmo ocorrência, de um ou de outro processo.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta todas as assertivas corretas.
Alternativas
Q3692549
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692549 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
Why did the researchers mention the small sample size?  
Alternativas
Q3692548
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692548 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
Researchers highlighted the following main difference between using Google Search and Al chatbots for information gathering:  
Alternativas
Q3692547
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692547 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
Based on the brain-only group’s later use of ChatGPT, researchers expressed the following hope:  
Alternativas
Q3692546
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692546 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
What did the EEG data suggest about ChatGPT users' executive control during essay writing? 
Alternativas
Q3692545
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692545 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
What distinguishes the Google Search group's results from those of the ChatGPT group? 
Alternativas
Q3692544
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692544 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
What outcome followed when the ChatGPT group was asked to re-write an essay without using ChatGPT? 
Alternativas
Q3692543
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692543 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
Which neural frequency bands were most active in the brain-only group, indicating cognitive engagement?  
Alternativas
Q3692542
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692542 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
How did the essays written by the ChatGPT group compare to those written by the other groups, according to the teachers? 
Alternativas
Q3692541
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692541 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
What pattern was observed in the group that used ChatGPT throughout the study? 
Alternativas
Q3692540
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692540 Inglês
Text 1

ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study

By Andrew R. Chow

    The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.

    The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.

    The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought, relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely “soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.

    The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands, which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.

    The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google Search.

    After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a bypassing of deep memory processes.

    The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.

Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025]. 
Which statement best summarizes the main concern raised by the study's lead author, Nataliya Kosmyna? 
Alternativas
Q3692538
Português Interpretação de Textos , Sintaxe ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692538 Português

Texto I

CANÇÃO DO EXPEDICIONÁRIO



Disponível em https://museuvirtualdafeb.eb.mil.br/cancao-expedicionario/. Acesso em 11 set 25. (texto adaptado)



CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO


    Há 80 anos, em 8 de maio de 1945, a Europa calava seus canhões. Para o Brasil, essa data vai além da memoria global: ela eterniza a Força Expedicionária Brasileira (FEB) como um dos mais nobres símbolos de coragem e amor a pátria — um legado que inspira gerações e honra a historia do nosso paıs. O Dia da Vitoria, celebrado mundialmente em 8 de maio, representa a rendição incondicional das forcas do Eixo aos Aliados e o fim oficial da Segunda Guerra Mundial na Europa. No Brasil, e também o momento de honrar os 25 mil combatentes da FEB, que levaram o nome da pátria aos campos de batalha italianos e regressaram como heróis da liberdade.


Disponível em https://www.eb.mil.br/web/noticias/w/dia-da-vitoria-80-anos-depois-o-brasil-reverencia-seus-herois-da-liberdade-1. Acesso em 11 set 25. (texto adaptado)


Texto II
De volta ao básico: soldados finlandeses recorrem a mapas de papel para aprender a lidar com bloqueios de GPS



Disponível em https://epocanegocios.globo.com/tecnologia/noticia/2025/06/de-volta-ao-basico-soldados-finlandeses-recorrem-a-mapas-de-papel-para- aprender-a-lidar-com-bloqueios-de-gps.ghtml. Acesso em 11 set 25. (texto adaptado)
“O conflito na Ucrânia tem sido marcado por uma intensa guerra cibernética de ambos os lados. Tanto Kiev quanto Moscou utilizam táticas como bloqueio de sinal, falsificação de GPS e outros métodos de interferência remota para confundir e desativar o armamento inimigo.” (texto 2, linhas 6 a 8)

No excerto retirado do texto 2, observa-se uma progressão coesiva entre duas frases, mesmo sem o uso de conectivo. Considerando a relagdo semantica entre essas frases, assinale a alternativa que apresenta uma locução ou conjunção que poderia ser empregada pelo autor, mantendo o mesmo sentido do fragmento.  
Alternativas
Q3692537
Português Funções morfossintáticas da palavra QUE , Sintaxe ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: IME Prova: Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692537 Português

Texto I

CANÇÃO DO EXPEDICIONÁRIO



Disponível em https://museuvirtualdafeb.eb.mil.br/cancao-expedicionario/. Acesso em 11 set 25. (texto adaptado)



CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO


    Há 80 anos, em 8 de maio de 1945, a Europa calava seus canhões. Para o Brasil, essa data vai além da memoria global: ela eterniza a Força Expedicionária Brasileira (FEB) como um dos mais nobres símbolos de coragem e amor a pátria — um legado que inspira gerações e honra a historia do nosso paıs. O Dia da Vitoria, celebrado mundialmente em 8 de maio, representa a rendição incondicional das forcas do Eixo aos Aliados e o fim oficial da Segunda Guerra Mundial na Europa. No Brasil, e também o momento de honrar os 25 mil combatentes da FEB, que levaram o nome da pátria aos campos de batalha italianos e regressaram como heróis da liberdade.


Disponível em https://www.eb.mil.br/web/noticias/w/dia-da-vitoria-80-anos-depois-o-brasil-reverencia-seus-herois-da-liberdade-1. Acesso em 11 set 25. (texto adaptado)


Texto II
De volta ao básico: soldados finlandeses recorrem a mapas de papel para aprender a lidar com bloqueios de GPS



Disponível em https://epocanegocios.globo.com/tecnologia/noticia/2025/06/de-volta-ao-basico-soldados-finlandeses-recorrem-a-mapas-de-papel-para- aprender-a-lidar-com-bloqueios-de-gps.ghtml. Acesso em 11 set 25. (texto adaptado)
Nos trechos do texto 2: “Acho que, em um conflito real [...]" (linha 38) e “Ele acrescenta ainda que todos precisam [...]” (linha 39), as palavras destacadas desempenham, considerado o contexto em que são empregadas, respectivamente, as seguintes funções gramaticais: 
Alternativas
Q3686291
Direito Urbanístico Estatuto da Cidade - Lei 10.257/2001 ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: EsSA Prova: Exército - 2025 - EsSA - Sargento - Geral |
Q3686291 Direito Urbanístico
Leia o recorte de “Recrutinha e o Meio Ambiente”:

Q37.png (678×394)
Exército Brasileiro. Recrutinha e o Meio Ambiente - Edição Especial. Disponível em: https://www.calameo.com/exercitobrasileiro/read/00123820624976f2acc60. Acesso em 15 out. 24. (Adaptado).

O personagem Recrutinha aponta um problema ambiental recorrente em áreas urbanas. Contudo, afim de assegurar o bem estar geral, de modo a preservar o meio ambiente, promover qualidade de vida para a população e garantir desenvolvimento urbano sustentável para a cidade, em 10 de julho de 2001, foi sancionado um documento que regulamentou itens de política urbana que constam da Constituição de 1988, denominado de: 
Alternativas
Q3686290
Geografia Regionalização Brasileira ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: EsSA Prova: Exército - 2025 - EsSA - Sargento - Geral |
Q3686290 Geografia
O Brasil, país de extensão e diversidade geográfica continental, expressa o dilema da regionalização em múltiplas escalas. Jamais podemos ignorar que as regionalizações são sempre historicamente datadas, assim como as periodizações têm sua validade regionalmente delimitada, pois nunca podem ser amplamente generalizadas.

HAESBAERT, Rogério. Regionalizações brasileiras: antigos legados e novos desafios. Disponível em: https://journals.openedition.org/confins/26401. Acesso em: 17 out. 24.

Diante do exposto e sobre os seus conhecimentos de divisão regional, assinale com “V” (verdadeiro) ou com “F” (falso) as seguintes afirmações:

I - A mais conhecida das divisões regionais do Brasil é a divisão oficial do IBGE, que estabeleceu pela primeira vez as cinco macrorregiões, na década de 1990. Nasce o Sudeste, com SP e RJ sendo agrupadas a MG e ES. O Nordeste com a presença do TO, BA e MA. Todo o território de Goiás, pertencente ao Centro-Oeste e por fim as regiões Norte e Sul, existentes desde a década de 1940. ( )
II - O foco da proposta de regionalização do Geógrafo Pedro Pinchas Geiger é de formação do território brasileiro e a integração nacional a partir da industrialização. Por isso é uma das regionalizações oficiais do Brasil como a mais assertiva do país. É bastante rigorosa do ponto de vista científico e dos limites estaduais. ( )
III - Outra regionalização do espaço brasileiro é a que reconhece em três grandes complexos e/ ou unidades regionais, também conhecida como regiões geoeconômicas: a Amazônia, o CentroSul e o Nordeste. ( )

A sequência correta de preenchimento dos parênteses das afirmativas I, II e III, respectivamente, é:
Alternativas
Q3686286
História História do Brasil ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: EsSA Prova: Exército - 2025 - EsSA - Sargento - Geral |
Q3686286 História
“Apesar de exaustivamente relatada em inúmeras versões – a portuguesa e as francesa, católica e protestante –, a invasão tem muitos pontos obscuros. Sabe-se que foi proposta pelo fidalgo e militar católico Villegaignon ao rei Henrique II, com o duplo objetivo de estabelecer o domínio francês no Brasil e servir de refúgio àqueles que quisessem afastar-se das desavenças religiosas que na França, opunham católicos e huguenotes.”

(WEHLING, Arno. Formação do Brasil Colonial. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1994. p. 71)

O trecho acima faz referência a um dos episódios de invasão por parte dos franceses ao litoral brasileiro. Dentre as afirmativas abaixo, assinale aquela que identifica corretamente o episódio tratado:
Alternativas
Q3686284
História História do Brasil ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: EsSA Prova: Exército - 2025 - EsSA - Sargento - Geral |
Q3686284 História
“Não é exato falar de um ciclo histórico da produção açucareira, como foi tradicional entre os historiadores. “Ciclo” dá a ideia de surgimento, ascensão e fim de uma atividade econômica, o que certamente não foi o caso do açúcar ou de outros produtos, como o café. O avanço da exploração do ouro no século XVIII, por exemplo, não significou o fim da economia açucareira. É mais adequado falar em conjunturas, ou seja, fases melhores ou piores, embora possamos dizer que, em meados do século XIX, o açúcar deixou de cumprir papel dominante na economia do país.”

(FAUSTO, Boris. História do Brasil. 14ª ed. São Paulo: Editora da Universidade de São Paulo, 2024. p. 72)

Conforme afirmou Boris Fausto, a predominância do açúcar na economia nacional não significou a inexistência de outras atividades produtivas, em especial aquelas voltadas para o mercado interno. É neste sentido que podemos entender, por exemplo, o papel da pecuária na economia nacional. Sobre a pecuária durante o período colonial, analise as afirmativas abaixo e assinale a alternativa correta:
Alternativas
Q3686282
Literatura Escolas Literárias ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: EsSA Prova: Exército - 2025 - EsSA - Sargento - Geral |
Q3686282 Literatura
TEXTO V

Antífona


Ó Formas alvas, brancas, Formas claras
de luares, de neves, de neblinas!…
Ó Formas vagas, fluidas, cristalinas…
Incensos dos turíbulos das aras… 


Formas do Amor, constelarmente puras,
de Virgens e de Santas vaporosas…
Brilhos errantes, mádidas frescuras
e dolências de lírios e de rosas…


Indefiníveis músicas supremas,
harmonias da Cor e do Perfume…
Horas do Ocaso, trêmulas, extremas,
Réquiem do Sol que a Dor da Luz resume…


(…)


SOUSA, Cruz e. Obra completa. Rio de Janeiro: José Aguiar, 1961. p.70.
A partir da leitura do poema e ao interpretar a Escola Literária do autor Cruz e Sousa, podem-se destacar como características estéticas deste movimento:
Alternativas
Q3686281
Literatura Escolas Literárias ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Exército Órgão: EsSA Prova: Exército - 2025 - EsSA - Sargento - Geral |
Q3686281 Literatura
TEXTO IV


CANÇÃO SARGENTO MAX WOLFF FILHO


I

Em mil novecentos e onze,
no interior do Paraná,
nasceu um herói de guerra
para o Brasil se orgulhar.
Fiel e audaz voluntário,
intrépido nas decisões,
o guerreiro ardoroso não teme,
cumpre sempre as suas missões.


II

No campo ardil da batalha,
o infante empunha o fuzil,
carrega no peito estandarte,
glória do nosso Brasil.
Deixou para nós o legado
repleto de fé e ações
do soldado até o comandante,
somos todos fiéis guardiões.


Estribilho

A Pátria enaltece
seu bravo tão querido,
sargento Max Wolff Filho, 
valoroso e aguerrido!


FIGUEIREDO, Denir; TONIOLO, Marcos Cesar. Canção Sargento Max Wolff Filho. 2021. Disponível em: https://www.sgex.eb.mil.br/sg8/006_outras_publicacoes/07_publicacoes_diversas/08_departamento_de_educacao_e_cultura_ do_exercito/port_n_135_decex_18maio2022.html. Acesso em: 07OUT2024. 
A Escola Literária Simbolista começa a se definir com clareza a partir do ano de 1891, com o surgimento de poetas em torno do jornal carioca Folha Popular, que começou a publicar artigos de autores deste viés estético-literário. Esse movimento se consolida com o lançamento da obra:
Alternativas
Respostas
21: C
22: E
23: A
24: A
25: C
26: B
27: C
28: B
29: B
30: C
31: B
32: B
33: C
34: C
35: E
36: B
37: E
38: C
39: E
40: A
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