Questões Militares
Comentadas sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês
Foram encontradas 1.577 questões
Ano: 2025
Banca:
INSTITUTO AOCP
Órgão:
CBM-PR
Prova:
INSTITUTO AOCP - 2025 - CBM-PR - Cadete Bombeiro Militar |
Q3864370
Inglês
Texto associado
Use text I for question
Text I
Helping Others Helps Ourselves
By Victoria - Pineville, Missour
I believe helping others is a way to help ourselves. Helping a friend, family, a neighbor, or even a stranger does not necessarily mean fixing their car, or buying them lunch. Helping someone could be as simple as waving or smiling when walking past them. Helping a person could be a small thing such as listening to their problems, offering support and advice, and walking them through an otherwise hard time. Honestly, a person can help another without realizing helping is what they are doing.
Even though I am only eighteen years of age, I have helped many people and I will continue to do so for the rest of my life. In helping others I have become a better person. Offering assistance to others is the best way to leave a good impression on someone. Maybe it is the alleged “bum” on the side of the road; no one can truly know if he is sincerely poor or not except him/her. Still, stopping to give him/her a happy meal or a cup of coffee can show him/her that there are good people left in the world. You may not remember his/her face, but I can guarantee that he/she will remember your kindness forever.
Maybe you have a family member that is in trouble, and even though you agree with the punishment that has been given, you still feel the need to lend a helping hand. In my book everyone deserves a second chance, however if they blow that chance, then they are one their own. I also believe that everyone deserves the chance not to be judged. There are several people that are cold hearted, but seeing the good or best in them could help them to change into a better person. This is why I believe in helping other people.
I am soon going into the medical field to become a doctor. I chose this field in order to make the most out of helping people. I would be able to save someone’s life and in turn heal a family’s anguish. Besides healing others, I can deliver a child and make a family come together despite their differences and celebrate the joy of a newborn. I can in turn use my knowledge to discover a cure for cancer or lupus, thus helping many families realize there is still hope. Mostly, however, I would be helping myself in knowing that I have helped so many people for one small act of kindness. I hope that my belief will have a lasting effect on those who read it, and that you too will see the joy in helping others and do the same.
VICTORIA. Helping others helps ourselves. This I Believe, Pineville, Missouri, [s.d.]. Available at: https://thisibelieve.org/essay/. Accessed on: June 1, 2025.
In relation to the Text I, judge the following
statements and mark the correct alternative.
I. In the sentence “Besides healing others, I can deliver a child and make a family come together despite their differences and celebrate the joy of a newborn”, the modal verb “can” expresses an obligation, and could be replaced by “must” without changing the intended meaning.
II. In the sentence “I have helped many people and I will continue to do so for the rest of my life”, the author uses the present perfect tense to refer to past experiences with relevance to the present, and the simple future tense to express intention.
III. In the sentence “I would be able to save someone’s life and in turn heal a family’s anguish”, the term “would be able to” expresses a hypothetical or projected future scenario, associated with a desired profession.
IV. In the sentence “Maybe you have a family member that is in trouble, and even though you agree with the punishment that has been given, you still feel the need to lend a helping hand”, the expression “even though” could be replaced by “although” without changing the intended meaning.
I. In the sentence “Besides healing others, I can deliver a child and make a family come together despite their differences and celebrate the joy of a newborn”, the modal verb “can” expresses an obligation, and could be replaced by “must” without changing the intended meaning.
II. In the sentence “I have helped many people and I will continue to do so for the rest of my life”, the author uses the present perfect tense to refer to past experiences with relevance to the present, and the simple future tense to express intention.
III. In the sentence “I would be able to save someone’s life and in turn heal a family’s anguish”, the term “would be able to” expresses a hypothetical or projected future scenario, associated with a desired profession.
IV. In the sentence “Maybe you have a family member that is in trouble, and even though you agree with the punishment that has been given, you still feel the need to lend a helping hand”, the expression “even though” could be replaced by “although” without changing the intended meaning.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
INSTITUTO AOCP
Órgão:
CBM-PR
Prova:
INSTITUTO AOCP - 2025 - CBM-PR - Cadete Bombeiro Militar |
Q3864368
Inglês
Texto associado
Use text I for question
Text I
Helping Others Helps Ourselves
By Victoria - Pineville, Missour
I believe helping others is a way to help ourselves. Helping a friend, family, a neighbor, or even a stranger does not necessarily mean fixing their car, or buying them lunch. Helping someone could be as simple as waving or smiling when walking past them. Helping a person could be a small thing such as listening to their problems, offering support and advice, and walking them through an otherwise hard time. Honestly, a person can help another without realizing helping is what they are doing.
Even though I am only eighteen years of age, I have helped many people and I will continue to do so for the rest of my life. In helping others I have become a better person. Offering assistance to others is the best way to leave a good impression on someone. Maybe it is the alleged “bum” on the side of the road; no one can truly know if he is sincerely poor or not except him/her. Still, stopping to give him/her a happy meal or a cup of coffee can show him/her that there are good people left in the world. You may not remember his/her face, but I can guarantee that he/she will remember your kindness forever.
Maybe you have a family member that is in trouble, and even though you agree with the punishment that has been given, you still feel the need to lend a helping hand. In my book everyone deserves a second chance, however if they blow that chance, then they are one their own. I also believe that everyone deserves the chance not to be judged. There are several people that are cold hearted, but seeing the good or best in them could help them to change into a better person. This is why I believe in helping other people.
I am soon going into the medical field to become a doctor. I chose this field in order to make the most out of helping people. I would be able to save someone’s life and in turn heal a family’s anguish. Besides healing others, I can deliver a child and make a family come together despite their differences and celebrate the joy of a newborn. I can in turn use my knowledge to discover a cure for cancer or lupus, thus helping many families realize there is still hope. Mostly, however, I would be helping myself in knowing that I have helped so many people for one small act of kindness. I hope that my belief will have a lasting effect on those who read it, and that you too will see the joy in helping others and do the same.
VICTORIA. Helping others helps ourselves. This I Believe, Pineville, Missouri, [s.d.]. Available at: https://thisibelieve.org/essay/. Accessed on: June 1, 2025.
In “I can in turn use my knowledge to discover a
cure for cancer or lupus, thus helping many
families realize there is still hope,” the term
“realize” means
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
COLÉGIO NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - COLÉGIO NAVAL - Aluno - 1° dia |
Q3832797
Inglês
Texto associado
Read text VII to answer question.
TEXT VII
"Divergent" is a dark and thrilling series of young adult
science fiction books by American novelist Veronica Roth.
The trilogy consists of "Divergent" (2011), "Insurgent"
(2012), and "Allegiant" (2013), which were later adapted
into 3 films.
It is set in a post-apocalyptic dystopian Chicago that has
separated its population into five Factions, each defined by
certain values. The Factions are Dauntless (the brave),
Amity (the kind), Erudite (the intelligent), Abnegation (the
selfless), and Candor (the honest). Each year, teenagers
of a certain age take a placement test and then choose the
Faction to which they will devote the rest of their lives. In
Chapter 1, we are introduced to Beatrice Prior, who later
changes her name to Tris, the protagonist and narrator of
the story. As she sits in front of a mirror while her mother
cuts her hair, she reflects on the life challenges she will
have to face soon.
Chapter 1
THERE IS ONE mirror in my house. It is behind a sliding
panel in the hallway upstairs. Our faction allows us to
stand in front of it on the second day of every third month,
the day my mother cuts my hair.
I sit on the stool and my mother stands behind me with the
scissors, trimming. The strands fall on the floor in a dull,
blond ring.
When she finishes, she pulls my hair away from my face
and twists it into a knot. I note how calm she looks and
how focused she is. She is well-practiced in the art of
losing herself. I can't say the same of myself.
I sneak a look at my reflection when she isn't paying
attention-not for the sake of vanity, but out of curiosity. A
lot can happen to a person's appearance in three months.
In my reflection, I see a narrow face, wide, round eyes, and
a long, thin nose -I still look like a little girl, though
sometime in the last few months I turned sixteen. The
other factions celebrate birthdays, but we don't. It would be
self-indulgent.
(...) "So today is the day," she says.
"Yes," I reply.
"Are you nervous?"
I stare into my own eyes for a moment. Today is the day of
the Aptitude test that will show me which of the five
factions I belong in. And tomorrow, at the Choosing
Ceremony, I will decide on a faction; I will decide the rest
of my life; I will decide to stay with my family or abandon
them.
"No," I say. "The tests don't have to change our choices."
"Right." She smiles. "Let's go eat breakfast."
"Thank you. For cutting my hair."
She kisses my cheek and slides the panel over the mirror. I think my mother could be beautiful, in a different world. Her
body is thin beneath the gray robe. She has high
cheekbones and long eyelashes, and when she lets her
hair down at night, it hangs in waves over her shoulders.
But she must hide that beauty in Abnegation.
We walk together to the kitchen. On these mornings when
my brother makes breakfast, and my father's hand skims
my hair as he reads the newspaper, and my mother hums as she clears the table - it is on these mornings that I feel
guiltiest for wanting to leave them.
Adapted from https://genius.com/Veronica-roth-divergent-chapter- 1-annotated
It is correct to state that Tris:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
COLÉGIO NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - COLÉGIO NAVAL - Aluno - 1° dia |
Q3832795
Inglês
Texto associado
Read text VII to answer question.
TEXT VII
"Divergent" is a dark and thrilling series of young adult
science fiction books by American novelist Veronica Roth.
The trilogy consists of "Divergent" (2011), "Insurgent"
(2012), and "Allegiant" (2013), which were later adapted
into 3 films.
It is set in a post-apocalyptic dystopian Chicago that has
separated its population into five Factions, each defined by
certain values. The Factions are Dauntless (the brave),
Amity (the kind), Erudite (the intelligent), Abnegation (the
selfless), and Candor (the honest). Each year, teenagers
of a certain age take a placement test and then choose the
Faction to which they will devote the rest of their lives. In
Chapter 1, we are introduced to Beatrice Prior, who later
changes her name to Tris, the protagonist and narrator of
the story. As she sits in front of a mirror while her mother
cuts her hair, she reflects on the life challenges she will
have to face soon.
Chapter 1
THERE IS ONE mirror in my house. It is behind a sliding
panel in the hallway upstairs. Our faction allows us to
stand in front of it on the second day of every third month,
the day my mother cuts my hair.
I sit on the stool and my mother stands behind me with the
scissors, trimming. The strands fall on the floor in a dull,
blond ring.
When she finishes, she pulls my hair away from my face
and twists it into a knot. I note how calm she looks and
how focused she is. She is well-practiced in the art of
losing herself. I can't say the same of myself.
I sneak a look at my reflection when she isn't paying
attention-not for the sake of vanity, but out of curiosity. A
lot can happen to a person's appearance in three months.
In my reflection, I see a narrow face, wide, round eyes, and
a long, thin nose -I still look like a little girl, though
sometime in the last few months I turned sixteen. The
other factions celebrate birthdays, but we don't. It would be
self-indulgent.
(...) "So today is the day," she says.
"Yes," I reply.
"Are you nervous?"
I stare into my own eyes for a moment. Today is the day of
the Aptitude test that will show me which of the five
factions I belong in. And tomorrow, at the Choosing
Ceremony, I will decide on a faction; I will decide the rest
of my life; I will decide to stay with my family or abandon
them.
"No," I say. "The tests don't have to change our choices."
"Right." She smiles. "Let's go eat breakfast."
"Thank you. For cutting my hair."
She kisses my cheek and slides the panel over the mirror. I think my mother could be beautiful, in a different world. Her
body is thin beneath the gray robe. She has high
cheekbones and long eyelashes, and when she lets her
hair down at night, it hangs in waves over her shoulders.
But she must hide that beauty in Abnegation.
We walk together to the kitchen. On these mornings when
my brother makes breakfast, and my father's hand skims
my hair as he reads the newspaper, and my mother hums as she clears the table - it is on these mornings that I feel
guiltiest for wanting to leave them.
Adapted from https://genius.com/Veronica-roth-divergent-chapter- 1-annotated
It is correct to infer that people from Abnegation:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
COLÉGIO NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - COLÉGIO NAVAL - Aluno - 1° dia |
Q3832794
Inglês
Texto associado
Read text VII to answer question.
TEXT VII
"Divergent" is a dark and thrilling series of young adult
science fiction books by American novelist Veronica Roth.
The trilogy consists of "Divergent" (2011), "Insurgent"
(2012), and "Allegiant" (2013), which were later adapted
into 3 films.
It is set in a post-apocalyptic dystopian Chicago that has
separated its population into five Factions, each defined by
certain values. The Factions are Dauntless (the brave),
Amity (the kind), Erudite (the intelligent), Abnegation (the
selfless), and Candor (the honest). Each year, teenagers
of a certain age take a placement test and then choose the
Faction to which they will devote the rest of their lives. In
Chapter 1, we are introduced to Beatrice Prior, who later
changes her name to Tris, the protagonist and narrator of
the story. As she sits in front of a mirror while her mother
cuts her hair, she reflects on the life challenges she will
have to face soon.
Chapter 1
THERE IS ONE mirror in my house. It is behind a sliding
panel in the hallway upstairs. Our faction allows us to
stand in front of it on the second day of every third month,
the day my mother cuts my hair.
I sit on the stool and my mother stands behind me with the
scissors, trimming. The strands fall on the floor in a dull,
blond ring.
When she finishes, she pulls my hair away from my face
and twists it into a knot. I note how calm she looks and
how focused she is. She is well-practiced in the art of
losing herself. I can't say the same of myself.
I sneak a look at my reflection when she isn't paying
attention-not for the sake of vanity, but out of curiosity. A
lot can happen to a person's appearance in three months.
In my reflection, I see a narrow face, wide, round eyes, and
a long, thin nose -I still look like a little girl, though
sometime in the last few months I turned sixteen. The
other factions celebrate birthdays, but we don't. It would be
self-indulgent.
(...) "So today is the day," she says.
"Yes," I reply.
"Are you nervous?"
I stare into my own eyes for a moment. Today is the day of
the Aptitude test that will show me which of the five
factions I belong in. And tomorrow, at the Choosing
Ceremony, I will decide on a faction; I will decide the rest
of my life; I will decide to stay with my family or abandon
them.
"No," I say. "The tests don't have to change our choices."
"Right." She smiles. "Let's go eat breakfast."
"Thank you. For cutting my hair."
She kisses my cheek and slides the panel over the mirror. I think my mother could be beautiful, in a different world. Her
body is thin beneath the gray robe. She has high
cheekbones and long eyelashes, and when she lets her
hair down at night, it hangs in waves over her shoulders.
But she must hide that beauty in Abnegation.
We walk together to the kitchen. On these mornings when
my brother makes breakfast, and my father's hand skims
my hair as he reads the newspaper, and my mother hums as she clears the table - it is on these mornings that I feel
guiltiest for wanting to leave them.
Adapted from https://genius.com/Veronica-roth-divergent-chapter- 1-annotated
All the statements below are correct about "Divergent"
EXCEPT for:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
COLÉGIO NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - COLÉGIO NAVAL - Aluno - 1° dia |
Q3832792
Inglês
Texto associado
Read text V to answer question.
TEXT V
US considers 'sun blocking' to cool the Earth
It sounds like something out of a sci-fi novel, but some researchers want to cool the earth by reflecting sunlight back into space. Sun blocking' technologies - also known as solar radiation modification (SRM) - could theoretically cool down the earth by reflecting sunlight back into space. One idea involves pumping sun-blocking particles into the upper atmosphere. This process of 'stratospheric aerosol injection' would involve planes spraying an aerosol like sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere. This mist of particles would reflect the sun back upwards, shading the earth. The method has already worked - although accidentally. When Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines erupted in 1991, it released thousands of tons of sulfur dioxide. The global temperature temporarily dropped by 0.5°C. In September 2022, researchers at Yale University argued that the injection method could hypothetically refreeze the poles.
A White House report published last Friday confirms that the US is open to researching SRM. "A programme of research into the scientific and societal implications of solar radiation modification (SRM) would enable better-informed decisions about the potential risks and benefits of SRM as a component. of climate policy, alongside the foundational elements of greenhouse gas emissions mitigation and adaptation it says. However, the report also clarifies that no decision has been made to "establish a comprehensive research programme focused on solar radiation modification."
In February, several news outlets reported that the UN wanted to 'explore' this technique. This could give the impression that the organisation had approved sun blocking as a viablé tool to fight climate change. Unfortunately for tech enthusiasts, this is not the case. The UN Environmental Program's recent report into SRM concludes that it is not currently a realistic or wise plan. "UNEP concurs with the panel that, at present, large-scale, or operational deployment of SRM technologies is not necessary, viable, prudent or sufficiently safe, given the limited scientific understanding and uncertainty about the potential impacts and unintended consequences," says UNEP's Chief Scientist Andrea Hinwood. "The review concludes that SRM cannot replace reducing greenhouse gas emissions." Nonetheless, the body doesn't rule out the method altogether, with the report concluding that their assessment of the technique "may change should climate actions remain insufficient".
Adapted from https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/07/05/sunblockers-us-scientists-aim-to-cool-the-earth-by-reflecting-sunlightinto-space
What type of text is it?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
COLÉGIO NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - COLÉGIO NAVAL - Aluno - 1° dia |
Q3832791
Inglês
Texto associado
Read text V to answer question.
TEXT V
US considers 'sun blocking' to cool the Earth
It sounds like something out of a sci-fi novel, but some researchers want to cool the earth by reflecting sunlight back into space. Sun blocking' technologies - also known as solar radiation modification (SRM) - could theoretically cool down the earth by reflecting sunlight back into space. One idea involves pumping sun-blocking particles into the upper atmosphere. This process of 'stratospheric aerosol injection' would involve planes spraying an aerosol like sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere. This mist of particles would reflect the sun back upwards, shading the earth. The method has already worked - although accidentally. When Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines erupted in 1991, it released thousands of tons of sulfur dioxide. The global temperature temporarily dropped by 0.5°C. In September 2022, researchers at Yale University argued that the injection method could hypothetically refreeze the poles.
A White House report published last Friday confirms that the US is open to researching SRM. "A programme of research into the scientific and societal implications of solar radiation modification (SRM) would enable better-informed decisions about the potential risks and benefits of SRM as a component. of climate policy, alongside the foundational elements of greenhouse gas emissions mitigation and adaptation it says. However, the report also clarifies that no decision has been made to "establish a comprehensive research programme focused on solar radiation modification."
In February, several news outlets reported that the UN wanted to 'explore' this technique. This could give the impression that the organisation had approved sun blocking as a viablé tool to fight climate change. Unfortunately for tech enthusiasts, this is not the case. The UN Environmental Program's recent report into SRM concludes that it is not currently a realistic or wise plan. "UNEP concurs with the panel that, at present, large-scale, or operational deployment of SRM technologies is not necessary, viable, prudent or sufficiently safe, given the limited scientific understanding and uncertainty about the potential impacts and unintended consequences," says UNEP's Chief Scientist Andrea Hinwood. "The review concludes that SRM cannot replace reducing greenhouse gas emissions." Nonetheless, the body doesn't rule out the method altogether, with the report concluding that their assessment of the technique "may change should climate actions remain insufficient".
Adapted from https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/07/05/sunblockers-us-scientists-aim-to-cool-the-earth-by-reflecting-sunlightinto-space
It may be inferred from the text that solar radiation
modification:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
COLÉGIO NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - COLÉGIO NAVAL - Aluno - 1° dia |
Q3832784
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text II to answer question.
TEXT II
France to trial ban on mobile phones at school for children
under 15
Kim Willsher - Paris
Tue 27 Aug 2024
France is to trial a ban on mobile phones at school
pupils who are younger than 15, seeking to give children a
"digital pause" that, if judged successful, could be rolled
out nationwide from January.
Just under 200 secondary schools will take place in the
experiment that will require youngsters to hand over
phones on arrival at reception. It takes the prohibition on
the devices further than a 2018 law that banned pupils at
primary and secondary schools from using their phones on
the premises but allowed them to keep possession of
them.
Announcing the trial on Tuesday, the acting education
minister, Nicole Belloubet, said the aim was to give
youngsters a "digital pause". If the trial proves successful,
the ban would be introduced in all schools from January,
Belloubet said.
A commission set up by the president, Emmanuel Macron,
expressed concern that the overexposure of children to
screens was having a detrimental effect on their health and
development.
A 140-page report published in March concluded there was
"a very clear consensus on the direct and indirect negative
effects of digital devices on sleep, on being sedentary - a
lack of physical activity and the risk of being overweight
and even obese - as well as on sight". It said the "hyper"
use of phones and other digital technology was not only
bad for children but also for "society and civilisation".
The report recommended children's use of mobile phones
be controlled in stages: no mobile phones before the age
of at least 11, mobiles without internet access between 11
and 13, phones with internet but no access to social media
before 15.
It also suggested children under three years old should not
be exposed at all to digital devices, which it said were "not
necessary for the healthy development of the child".
"We must put the digital tool in its place. Up to at least six
years old a child has no need for a digital device to
develop," Servane Mouton, a neurologist and
neurophysiologist who was on the commission, said. "We
have to teach parents once again how to play with their
children."
Banning phones in schools has long been debated across
Europe. In countries where bans exist this is most often
confined to their use and do not require children to hand
them over.
In Germany there are no formal restrictions but most
schools have prohibited the use of mobile phones and
digital devices in classrooms except for education
purposes. A quasi ban has been in place in Dutch
secondary school classrooms since the beginning of this
year, but as a recommendation and not a legal obligation.
From this school year the directive will also apply to
primary schools.
Italy was early to phone bans, introducing one in 2007,
easing it in 2017 and reimposing it in 2022. It applies to all
age groups.
In February this year, the British government issued
guidance for schools "on prohibiting the use of mobile
phones throughout the school day" but said it was for
individual head teachers and leaders to decide on phone
use policy.
Portugal is experimenting with a compromise by
introducing a number of phone-free days at schools each
month, while in Spain schools in some autonomous
regions have imposed a ban but there is no nationwide
prohibition.
Adapted from: <https://www.thequardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/27/franceto-trial-ban-on-mobile-phones-at-school-for-children-under-15>
The main purpose of the experiment in France is to:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
COLÉGIO NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - COLÉGIO NAVAL - Aluno - 1° dia |
Q3832783
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text II to answer question.
TEXT II
France to trial ban on mobile phones at school for children
under 15
Kim Willsher - Paris
Tue 27 Aug 2024
France is to trial a ban on mobile phones at school
pupils who are younger than 15, seeking to give children a
"digital pause" that, if judged successful, could be rolled
out nationwide from January.
Just under 200 secondary schools will take place in the
experiment that will require youngsters to hand over
phones on arrival at reception. It takes the prohibition on
the devices further than a 2018 law that banned pupils at
primary and secondary schools from using their phones on
the premises but allowed them to keep possession of
them.
Announcing the trial on Tuesday, the acting education
minister, Nicole Belloubet, said the aim was to give
youngsters a "digital pause". If the trial proves successful,
the ban would be introduced in all schools from January,
Belloubet said.
A commission set up by the president, Emmanuel Macron,
expressed concern that the overexposure of children to
screens was having a detrimental effect on their health and
development.
A 140-page report published in March concluded there was
"a very clear consensus on the direct and indirect negative
effects of digital devices on sleep, on being sedentary - a
lack of physical activity and the risk of being overweight
and even obese - as well as on sight". It said the "hyper"
use of phones and other digital technology was not only
bad for children but also for "society and civilisation".
The report recommended children's use of mobile phones
be controlled in stages: no mobile phones before the age
of at least 11, mobiles without internet access between 11
and 13, phones with internet but no access to social media
before 15.
It also suggested children under three years old should not
be exposed at all to digital devices, which it said were "not
necessary for the healthy development of the child".
"We must put the digital tool in its place. Up to at least six
years old a child has no need for a digital device to
develop," Servane Mouton, a neurologist and
neurophysiologist who was on the commission, said. "We
have to teach parents once again how to play with their
children."
Banning phones in schools has long been debated across
Europe. In countries where bans exist this is most often
confined to their use and do not require children to hand
them over.
In Germany there are no formal restrictions but most
schools have prohibited the use of mobile phones and
digital devices in classrooms except for education
purposes. A quasi ban has been in place in Dutch
secondary school classrooms since the beginning of this
year, but as a recommendation and not a legal obligation.
From this school year the directive will also apply to
primary schools.
Italy was early to phone bans, introducing one in 2007,
easing it in 2017 and reimposing it in 2022. It applies to all
age groups.
In February this year, the British government issued
guidance for schools "on prohibiting the use of mobile
phones throughout the school day" but said it was for
individual head teachers and leaders to decide on phone
use policy.
Portugal is experimenting with a compromise by
introducing a number of phone-free days at schools each
month, while in Spain schools in some autonomous
regions have imposed a ban but there is no nationwide
prohibition.
Adapted from: <https://www.thequardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/27/franceto-trial-ban-on-mobile-phones-at-school-for-children-under-15>
According to the text:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
COLÉGIO NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - COLÉGIO NAVAL - Aluno - 1° dia |
Q3832782
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text II to answer question.
TEXT II
France to trial ban on mobile phones at school for children
under 15
Kim Willsher - Paris
Tue 27 Aug 2024
France is to trial a ban on mobile phones at school
pupils who are younger than 15, seeking to give children a
"digital pause" that, if judged successful, could be rolled
out nationwide from January.
Just under 200 secondary schools will take place in the
experiment that will require youngsters to hand over
phones on arrival at reception. It takes the prohibition on
the devices further than a 2018 law that banned pupils at
primary and secondary schools from using their phones on
the premises but allowed them to keep possession of
them.
Announcing the trial on Tuesday, the acting education
minister, Nicole Belloubet, said the aim was to give
youngsters a "digital pause". If the trial proves successful,
the ban would be introduced in all schools from January,
Belloubet said.
A commission set up by the president, Emmanuel Macron,
expressed concern that the overexposure of children to
screens was having a detrimental effect on their health and
development.
A 140-page report published in March concluded there was
"a very clear consensus on the direct and indirect negative
effects of digital devices on sleep, on being sedentary - a
lack of physical activity and the risk of being overweight
and even obese - as well as on sight". It said the "hyper"
use of phones and other digital technology was not only
bad for children but also for "society and civilisation".
The report recommended children's use of mobile phones
be controlled in stages: no mobile phones before the age
of at least 11, mobiles without internet access between 11
and 13, phones with internet but no access to social media
before 15.
It also suggested children under three years old should not
be exposed at all to digital devices, which it said were "not
necessary for the healthy development of the child".
"We must put the digital tool in its place. Up to at least six
years old a child has no need for a digital device to
develop," Servane Mouton, a neurologist and
neurophysiologist who was on the commission, said. "We
have to teach parents once again how to play with their
children."
Banning phones in schools has long been debated across
Europe. In countries where bans exist this is most often
confined to their use and do not require children to hand
them over.
In Germany there are no formal restrictions but most
schools have prohibited the use of mobile phones and
digital devices in classrooms except for education
purposes. A quasi ban has been in place in Dutch
secondary school classrooms since the beginning of this
year, but as a recommendation and not a legal obligation.
From this school year the directive will also apply to
primary schools.
Italy was early to phone bans, introducing one in 2007,
easing it in 2017 and reimposing it in 2022. It applies to all
age groups.
In February this year, the British government issued
guidance for schools "on prohibiting the use of mobile
phones throughout the school day" but said it was for
individual head teachers and leaders to decide on phone
use policy.
Portugal is experimenting with a compromise by
introducing a number of phone-free days at schools each
month, while in Spain schools in some autonomous
regions have imposed a ban but there is no nationwide
prohibition.
Adapted from: <https://www.thequardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/27/franceto-trial-ban-on-mobile-phones-at-school-for-children-under-15>
It is correct to infer that in France:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q3736287
Inglês
Which question completes the dialogue below correctly?
Richard: She's won a gold medal.
Paul: _______
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q3736275
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT II
Read the text below and answer question.
Chinese divers surrounded by sharks
Jan 03, 2025
[1] Nine Chinese individuals, including seven tourists and
two diving instructors, went missing while diving in Palau
on December 26.
[2] Experienced diving instructor Liu Xin and another diving
guide took seven Chinese tourists to dive on December 26
around 9:30 am. As the dive was coming to an end, Liu
sent a signal to the surface. Typically, after seeing the
signal, the captain would slowly maneuver the boat to
follow the divers, allowing them to board once they floated
off. __________ when they surfaced, they could not locate
the boat.
[3] They couid only float in the sea for nearly three hours,
believing that someone would come to rescue them, but
the ocean current changed direction, and they were swept
by currents into an area between two islands. At that point,
a new threat emerged. The underwater terrain shifted, and
the most physically fit diver among the nine felt as if he had
stepped on something. Liu looked down and noticed that a
bull shark was circling around his feet, along with six other
sharks nearby.
[4] Liu swiftly assembled everyone to make themselves
appear larger as most wild animals typically target
creatures that are smaller and tend to avoid approaching
larger groups. Fortunately, with Liu and the entire team
huddled together, the sharks refrained from acting
aggressively, and they avoided any danger.
[5] By evening, they had gone nearly 11 hours without
food. To conserve their energy, they used their diving
masks to collect rainwater and drank it to stay hydrated.
After spending too much time in the water, they started to
feel cold, so they used their buoyancy devices to hold each
other to stay together and preserve warmth. And, to
prevent falling asleep and risking hypothermia, they took
turns calling out their numbers every 30 minutes to stay
alert.
[6] After drifting in the water for about 27 hours, a rescue
boat located the nine individuals.
[7] "Alli nine Chinese citizens who went missing while diving
in Palau have been rescued and are reported to be in
stable condition", the Chinese Embassy in the Federated
States of Micronesia said on Friday.
[8] Liu said that the key reasons for their safe return
included the selfless assistance from fellow travelers, the
favorable ocean currents that kept them in proximity to
their initial location, and, most importantly, the excellent
physical condition and positive attitude of the group.
"Throughout those 20-plus hours, we maintained a lighthearted atmosphere, chatting and laughing without any
complaints," Liu said.
(Adapted from https://www.globaltimes.cn)
Mark the correct option according to text II.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q3736274
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT II
Read the text below and answer question.
Chinese divers surrounded by sharks
Jan 03, 2025
[1] Nine Chinese individuals, including seven tourists and
two diving instructors, went missing while diving in Palau
on December 26.
[2] Experienced diving instructor Liu Xin and another diving
guide took seven Chinese tourists to dive on December 26
around 9:30 am. As the dive was coming to an end, Liu
sent a signal to the surface. Typically, after seeing the
signal, the captain would slowly maneuver the boat to
follow the divers, allowing them to board once they floated
off. __________ when they surfaced, they could not locate
the boat.
[3] They couid only float in the sea for nearly three hours,
believing that someone would come to rescue them, but
the ocean current changed direction, and they were swept
by currents into an area between two islands. At that point,
a new threat emerged. The underwater terrain shifted, and
the most physically fit diver among the nine felt as if he had
stepped on something. Liu looked down and noticed that a
bull shark was circling around his feet, along with six other
sharks nearby.
[4] Liu swiftly assembled everyone to make themselves
appear larger as most wild animals typically target
creatures that are smaller and tend to avoid approaching
larger groups. Fortunately, with Liu and the entire team
huddled together, the sharks refrained from acting
aggressively, and they avoided any danger.
[5] By evening, they had gone nearly 11 hours without
food. To conserve their energy, they used their diving
masks to collect rainwater and drank it to stay hydrated.
After spending too much time in the water, they started to
feel cold, so they used their buoyancy devices to hold each
other to stay together and preserve warmth. And, to
prevent falling asleep and risking hypothermia, they took
turns calling out their numbers every 30 minutes to stay
alert.
[6] After drifting in the water for about 27 hours, a rescue
boat located the nine individuals.
[7] "Alli nine Chinese citizens who went missing while diving
in Palau have been rescued and are reported to be in
stable condition", the Chinese Embassy in the Federated
States of Micronesia said on Friday.
[8] Liu said that the key reasons for their safe return
included the selfless assistance from fellow travelers, the
favorable ocean currents that kept them in proximity to
their initial location, and, most importantly, the excellent
physical condition and positive attitude of the group.
"Throughout those 20-plus hours, we maintained a lighthearted atmosphere, chatting and laughing without any
complaints," Liu said.
(Adapted from https://www.globaltimes.cn)
Mark the option that completes the following sentence from
text II correctly: ___________, when they surfaced, they
could not locate the boat." (paragraph 2).
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q3736273
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT II
Read the text below and answer question.
Chinese divers surrounded by sharks
Jan 03, 2025
[1] Nine Chinese individuals, including seven tourists and
two diving instructors, went missing while diving in Palau
on December 26.
[2] Experienced diving instructor Liu Xin and another diving
guide took seven Chinese tourists to dive on December 26
around 9:30 am. As the dive was coming to an end, Liu
sent a signal to the surface. Typically, after seeing the
signal, the captain would slowly maneuver the boat to
follow the divers, allowing them to board once they floated
off. __________ when they surfaced, they could not locate
the boat.
[3] They couid only float in the sea for nearly three hours,
believing that someone would come to rescue them, but
the ocean current changed direction, and they were swept
by currents into an area between two islands. At that point,
a new threat emerged. The underwater terrain shifted, and
the most physically fit diver among the nine felt as if he had
stepped on something. Liu looked down and noticed that a
bull shark was circling around his feet, along with six other
sharks nearby.
[4] Liu swiftly assembled everyone to make themselves
appear larger as most wild animals typically target
creatures that are smaller and tend to avoid approaching
larger groups. Fortunately, with Liu and the entire team
huddled together, the sharks refrained from acting
aggressively, and they avoided any danger.
[5] By evening, they had gone nearly 11 hours without
food. To conserve their energy, they used their diving
masks to collect rainwater and drank it to stay hydrated.
After spending too much time in the water, they started to
feel cold, so they used their buoyancy devices to hold each
other to stay together and preserve warmth. And, to
prevent falling asleep and risking hypothermia, they took
turns calling out their numbers every 30 minutes to stay
alert.
[6] After drifting in the water for about 27 hours, a rescue
boat located the nine individuals.
[7] "Alli nine Chinese citizens who went missing while diving
in Palau have been rescued and are reported to be in
stable condition", the Chinese Embassy in the Federated
States of Micronesia said on Friday.
[8] Liu said that the key reasons for their safe return
included the selfless assistance from fellow travelers, the
favorable ocean currents that kept them in proximity to
their initial location, and, most importantly, the excellent
physical condition and positive attitude of the group.
"Throughout those 20-plus hours, we maintained a lighthearted atmosphere, chatting and laughing without any
complaints," Liu said.
(Adapted from https://www.globaltimes.cn)
Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F)
according to text II. Then, mark the option that contains the
right sequence.
( ) The nine people who went missing were inexperienced divers.
( ) Despite the difficulties, the divers were able to collect and drink rainwater.
( ) The divers were surrounded by a dozen sharks.
( ) The sharks did not injure the divers.
( ) After about 27 hours, the divers were finally rescued by the captain of their boat.
( ) The nine people who went missing were inexperienced divers.
( ) Despite the difficulties, the divers were able to collect and drink rainwater.
( ) The divers were surrounded by a dozen sharks.
( ) The sharks did not injure the divers.
( ) After about 27 hours, the divers were finally rescued by the captain of their boat.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2025 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q3736270
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT I
Read the text below and answer question.
Is peanut butter a good source of protein? Nutrition
experts explain.
[1] Protein is the macronutrient du jour. Discussions about
nutrition online as of late are all about making sure you're
consuming enough protein every day.
[2] The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for
protein is currently 0.36 grams of protein per pound,
according to Harvard Health, or about 54 grams daily for a
person who weighs 150 pounds.
[3] But diet experts are increasingly pushing for consuming
higher amounts of protein: upwards of 60 to 90 grams
daily. Registered dietitian Jamie Nadeau previously told
USA TODAY that she recommends getting "at least 20
grams of protein per meal for satiety," though she notes
everyone has different needs.
[4] To what extent can peanut butter help you reach those
goals? Nutrition experts explain.
[5] A two-tablespoon serving of peanut butter contains
about 7 grams of protein, according to the U.S.
Department of Agriculture's (USDA) food database.
[6] That doesn't mean you shouldn't eat peanut butter -
experts say it just means peanut butter is meant to be a
small part of more well-rounded meals. Thomason
suggests pairing a serving of peanut butter with a carb,
protein and a fruit or vegetable. Some favorite combos
include peanut butter and an apple, peanut butter and
banana toast and a smoothie or oatmeal with peanut
butter.
[7] "Those things are going to help you balance it out and
not feel like it's easy to overeat,"she says.
[8] To hit that recommended 20-gram goal, you'd have to
eat about 6 tablespoons - nearly three servings of peanut
butter - which amounts to nearly 600 calories. While
experts say eating more than the serving size isn't harmful,
per se, there are much easier (and less calorie-dense)
food options to get more protein.
(Adapted from https://www.usatoday.com)
The pronoun "it" in the sentence "Those things are going to
help you balance it out and not feel like it's easy to overeat,
[...]" (paragraph 7) refers to:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
IME
Prova:
Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692549
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1
ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study
By Andrew R. Chow
The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to
write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the
three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic,
and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often
resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.
The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for
younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main
author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly
relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.
The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought,
relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely
“soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of
the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the
essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.
The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands,
which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group
was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.
The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The
difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google
Search.
After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the
ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group
remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a
bypassing of deep memory processes.
The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG
frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.
Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025].
Why did the researchers mention the small sample size?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
IME
Prova:
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Q3692548
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1
ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study
By Andrew R. Chow
The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to
write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the
three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic,
and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often
resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.
The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for
younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main
author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly
relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.
The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought,
relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely
“soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of
the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the
essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.
The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands,
which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group
was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.
The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The
difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google
Search.
After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the
ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group
remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a
bypassing of deep memory processes.
The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG
frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.
Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025].
Researchers highlighted the following main difference between using Google Search and Al chatbots for information
gathering:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
IME
Prova:
Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692547
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1
ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study
By Andrew R. Chow
The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to
write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the
three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic,
and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often
resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.
The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for
younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main
author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly
relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.
The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought,
relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely
“soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of
the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the
essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.
The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands,
which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group
was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.
The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The
difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google
Search.
After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the
ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group
remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a
bypassing of deep memory processes.
The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG
frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.
Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025].
Based on the brain-only group’s later use of ChatGPT, researchers expressed the following hope:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
IME
Prova:
Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692546
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1
ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study
By Andrew R. Chow
The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to
write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the
three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic,
and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often
resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.
The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for
younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main
author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly
relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.
The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought,
relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely
“soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of
the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the
essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.
The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands,
which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group
was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.
The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The
difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google
Search.
After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the
ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group
remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a
bypassing of deep memory processes.
The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG
frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.
Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025].
What did the EEG data suggest about ChatGPT users' executive control during essay writing?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Exército
Órgão:
IME
Prova:
Exército - 2025 - IME - Oficial Engenheiro - Português/Inglês |
Q3692545
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1
ChatGPT May Be Eroding Critical Thinking Skills, According to a New MIT Study
By Andrew R. Chow
The study divided 54 subjects — 18 to 39 year-olds from the Boston area — into three groups, and asked them to
write several SAT essays using OpenAl's ChatGPT, Google’s search engine, and nothing at all, respectively. Researchers used an (electroencephalogram) EEG to record the writers’ brain activity across 32 regions, and found that of the
three groups, ChatGPT users had the lowest brain engagement and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic,
and behavioral levels.” Over the course of several months, ChatGPT users got lazier with each subsequent essay, often
resorting to copy-and-paste by the end of the study.
The paper suggests that the usage of (Large Language Model) LLMs could actually harm learning, especially for
younger users. The paper has not yet been peer reviewed, and its sample size is relatively small. But its paper’s main
author Nataliya Kosmyna felt it was important to release the findings to elevate concerns that as society increasingly
relies upon LLMs for immediate convenience, long-term brain development may be sacrificed in the process.
The group that wrote essays using ChatGPT all delivered extremely similar essays that lacked original thought,
relying on the same expressions and ideas. Two English teachers who assessed the essays called them largely
“soulless” The EEGs revealed low executive control and attentional engagement. And by their third essay, many of
the writers simply gave the prompt to ChatGPT and had it do almost all of the work. “It was more like, ‘just give me the
essay, refine this sentence, edit it, and 'm done,” Kosmyna says.
The brain-only group, conversely, showed the highest neural connectivity, especially in alpha, theta and delta bands,
which are associated with creativity ideation, memory load, and semantic processing. Researchers found this group
was more engaged and curious, and claimed ownership and expressed higher satisfaction with their essays.
The third group, which used Google Search, also expressed high satisfaction and active brain function. The
difference here is notable because many people now search for information within Al chatbots as opposed to Google
Search.
After writing the three essays, the subjects were then asked to re-write one of their previous efforts—but the
ChatGPT group had to do so without the tool, while the brain-only group could now use ChatGPT. The first group
remembered little of their own essays, and showed weaker alpha and theta brain waves, which likely reflected a
bypassing of deep memory processes.
The second group, in contrast, performed well, exhibiting a significant increase in brain connectivity across all EEG
frequency bands. This gives rise to the hope that Al, if used properly, could enhance learning as opposed to diminishing it.
Adapted from: TIME in [Accessed on 15th July 2025].
What distinguishes the Google Search group's results from those of the ChatGPT group?
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