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Q4443014 Inglês
    Dante, the Italian author, was sort of a linguistic Darwin. He held a heretical theory. Europe’s languages, he thought, had not been made in a single moment, in a biblical Babel, but had evolved. With the care of a Victorian naturalist, he thus split Europe’s languages into families by their words for "yes": those who lived in southern France and said "oc" spoke a "Langue d’oc". 

    He was spot-on. Four centuries later, a British judge and polyglot called Sir William Jones arrived in Calcutta and was struck by the similarities between Latin and Sanskrit words for terms such as house (domus, dam) and god (deus, deva). Clearly they had "sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists". The world’s languages were not a Babel but a brotherhood. 

    Proto, a new book by Laura Spinney, a journalist, offers a biography of that brotherhood—or rather its parent. For Jones’s "common source" now has a name: "Proto-Indo-European" (PIE). It was first spoken by as little as a few dozen people around the Black Sea then, roughly 5,000 years ago, spread with rapidity "from Ireland to India". Today, its offshoots include Irish, Hindi—and more or less everything in between. Almost half of the world’s population speaks a descendant of it. 

    PIE is long dead, but traces of it remain caught, like insects in amber, in modern languages, allowing academics to bring it back to life. Scholars know, for example, its speakers found visitors irritating: the PIE word "ghostis" gives English not just "guest" but "ghost", and Latin its word for "host" but also "enemy". 

Internet: <https://www.economist.com>(Adapted)



Evaluate the following item, which relates to the provided text and to new trends in English language teaching.
Proto is the name journalist Laura Spinney gave to the language believed to be spoken roughly 5,000 years ago.  
Alternativas
Q4443013 Inglês
    Dante, the Italian author, was sort of a linguistic Darwin. He held a heretical theory. Europe’s languages, he thought, had not been made in a single moment, in a biblical Babel, but had evolved. With the care of a Victorian naturalist, he thus split Europe’s languages into families by their words for "yes": those who lived in southern France and said "oc" spoke a "Langue d’oc". 

    He was spot-on. Four centuries later, a British judge and polyglot called Sir William Jones arrived in Calcutta and was struck by the similarities between Latin and Sanskrit words for terms such as house (domus, dam) and god (deus, deva). Clearly they had "sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists". The world’s languages were not a Babel but a brotherhood. 

    Proto, a new book by Laura Spinney, a journalist, offers a biography of that brotherhood—or rather its parent. For Jones’s "common source" now has a name: "Proto-Indo-European" (PIE). It was first spoken by as little as a few dozen people around the Black Sea then, roughly 5,000 years ago, spread with rapidity "from Ireland to India". Today, its offshoots include Irish, Hindi—and more or less everything in between. Almost half of the world’s population speaks a descendant of it. 

    PIE is long dead, but traces of it remain caught, like insects in amber, in modern languages, allowing academics to bring it back to life. Scholars know, for example, its speakers found visitors irritating: the PIE word "ghostis" gives English not just "guest" but "ghost", and Latin its word for "host" but also "enemy". 

Internet: <https://www.economist.com>(Adapted)



Evaluate the following item, which relates to the provided text and to new trends in English language teaching.
The mention of the word 'ghostis' and the words it originated in English (fourth paragraph) demonstrates that Proto-Indo- European lives on in modern languages. 
Alternativas
Q4443012 Inglês
    Dante, the Italian author, was sort of a linguistic Darwin. He held a heretical theory. Europe’s languages, he thought, had not been made in a single moment, in a biblical Babel, but had evolved. With the care of a Victorian naturalist, he thus split Europe’s languages into families by their words for "yes": those who lived in southern France and said "oc" spoke a "Langue d’oc". 

    He was spot-on. Four centuries later, a British judge and polyglot called Sir William Jones arrived in Calcutta and was struck by the similarities between Latin and Sanskrit words for terms such as house (domus, dam) and god (deus, deva). Clearly they had "sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists". The world’s languages were not a Babel but a brotherhood. 

    Proto, a new book by Laura Spinney, a journalist, offers a biography of that brotherhood—or rather its parent. For Jones’s "common source" now has a name: "Proto-Indo-European" (PIE). It was first spoken by as little as a few dozen people around the Black Sea then, roughly 5,000 years ago, spread with rapidity "from Ireland to India". Today, its offshoots include Irish, Hindi—and more or less everything in between. Almost half of the world’s population speaks a descendant of it. 

    PIE is long dead, but traces of it remain caught, like insects in amber, in modern languages, allowing academics to bring it back to life. Scholars know, for example, its speakers found visitors irritating: the PIE word "ghostis" gives English not just "guest" but "ghost", and Latin its word for "host" but also "enemy". 

Internet: <https://www.economist.com>(Adapted)



Evaluate the following item, which relates to the provided text and to new trends in English language teaching.
Calling the world’s languages "a brotherhood" (second paragraph) emphasizes the fact that they have similarities and common traces, an idea that is reinforced by the use of "its parent" in the third paragraph. 
Alternativas
Q4443011 Inglês
    Dante, the Italian author, was sort of a linguistic Darwin. He held a heretical theory. Europe’s languages, he thought, had not been made in a single moment, in a biblical Babel, but had evolved. With the care of a Victorian naturalist, he thus split Europe’s languages into families by their words for "yes": those who lived in southern France and said "oc" spoke a "Langue d’oc". 

    He was spot-on. Four centuries later, a British judge and polyglot called Sir William Jones arrived in Calcutta and was struck by the similarities between Latin and Sanskrit words for terms such as house (domus, dam) and god (deus, deva). Clearly they had "sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists". The world’s languages were not a Babel but a brotherhood. 

    Proto, a new book by Laura Spinney, a journalist, offers a biography of that brotherhood—or rather its parent. For Jones’s "common source" now has a name: "Proto-Indo-European" (PIE). It was first spoken by as little as a few dozen people around the Black Sea then, roughly 5,000 years ago, spread with rapidity "from Ireland to India". Today, its offshoots include Irish, Hindi—and more or less everything in between. Almost half of the world’s population speaks a descendant of it. 

    PIE is long dead, but traces of it remain caught, like insects in amber, in modern languages, allowing academics to bring it back to life. Scholars know, for example, its speakers found visitors irritating: the PIE word "ghostis" gives English not just "guest" but "ghost", and Latin its word for "host" but also "enemy". 

Internet: <https://www.economist.com>(Adapted)



Evaluate the following item, which relates to the provided text and to new trends in English language teaching.
The expression "was struck by" (second paragraph) can be correctly replaced with was impressed by or with was battered by without this changing the original meaning of the paragraph. 
Alternativas
Q4443010 Inglês
    Dante, the Italian author, was sort of a linguistic Darwin. He held a heretical theory. Europe’s languages, he thought, had not been made in a single moment, in a biblical Babel, but had evolved. With the care of a Victorian naturalist, he thus split Europe’s languages into families by their words for "yes": those who lived in southern France and said "oc" spoke a "Langue d’oc". 

    He was spot-on. Four centuries later, a British judge and polyglot called Sir William Jones arrived in Calcutta and was struck by the similarities between Latin and Sanskrit words for terms such as house (domus, dam) and god (deus, deva). Clearly they had "sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists". The world’s languages were not a Babel but a brotherhood. 

    Proto, a new book by Laura Spinney, a journalist, offers a biography of that brotherhood—or rather its parent. For Jones’s "common source" now has a name: "Proto-Indo-European" (PIE). It was first spoken by as little as a few dozen people around the Black Sea then, roughly 5,000 years ago, spread with rapidity "from Ireland to India". Today, its offshoots include Irish, Hindi—and more or less everything in between. Almost half of the world’s population speaks a descendant of it. 

    PIE is long dead, but traces of it remain caught, like insects in amber, in modern languages, allowing academics to bring it back to life. Scholars know, for example, its speakers found visitors irritating: the PIE word "ghostis" gives English not just "guest" but "ghost", and Latin its word for "host" but also "enemy". 

Internet: <https://www.economist.com>(Adapted)



Evaluate the following item, which relates to the provided text and to new trends in English language teaching.
In order to fully understand the first paragraph, readers need to be familiarized with specific domains of knowledge, such as history, literature, religion and biology. 
Alternativas
Q4443009 Inglês
    Dante, the Italian author, was sort of a linguistic Darwin. He held a heretical theory. Europe’s languages, he thought, had not been made in a single moment, in a biblical Babel, but had evolved. With the care of a Victorian naturalist, he thus split Europe’s languages into families by their words for "yes": those who lived in southern France and said "oc" spoke a "Langue d’oc". 

    He was spot-on. Four centuries later, a British judge and polyglot called Sir William Jones arrived in Calcutta and was struck by the similarities between Latin and Sanskrit words for terms such as house (domus, dam) and god (deus, deva). Clearly they had "sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists". The world’s languages were not a Babel but a brotherhood. 

    Proto, a new book by Laura Spinney, a journalist, offers a biography of that brotherhood—or rather its parent. For Jones’s "common source" now has a name: "Proto-Indo-European" (PIE). It was first spoken by as little as a few dozen people around the Black Sea then, roughly 5,000 years ago, spread with rapidity "from Ireland to India". Today, its offshoots include Irish, Hindi—and more or less everything in between. Almost half of the world’s population speaks a descendant of it. 

    PIE is long dead, but traces of it remain caught, like insects in amber, in modern languages, allowing academics to bring it back to life. Scholars know, for example, its speakers found visitors irritating: the PIE word "ghostis" gives English not just "guest" but "ghost", and Latin its word for "host" but also "enemy". 

Internet: <https://www.economist.com>(Adapted)



Evaluate the following item, which relates to the provided text and to new trends in English language teaching.
The use of the word "heretical" (first paragraph) helps to situate Dante’s argument in a historical and religious context.
Alternativas
Q4443008 Inglês
    Dante, the Italian author, was sort of a linguistic Darwin. He held a heretical theory. Europe’s languages, he thought, had not been made in a single moment, in a biblical Babel, but had evolved. With the care of a Victorian naturalist, he thus split Europe’s languages into families by their words for "yes": those who lived in southern France and said "oc" spoke a "Langue d’oc". 

    He was spot-on. Four centuries later, a British judge and polyglot called Sir William Jones arrived in Calcutta and was struck by the similarities between Latin and Sanskrit words for terms such as house (domus, dam) and god (deus, deva). Clearly they had "sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists". The world’s languages were not a Babel but a brotherhood. 

    Proto, a new book by Laura Spinney, a journalist, offers a biography of that brotherhood—or rather its parent. For Jones’s "common source" now has a name: "Proto-Indo-European" (PIE). It was first spoken by as little as a few dozen people around the Black Sea then, roughly 5,000 years ago, spread with rapidity "from Ireland to India". Today, its offshoots include Irish, Hindi—and more or less everything in between. Almost half of the world’s population speaks a descendant of it. 

    PIE is long dead, but traces of it remain caught, like insects in amber, in modern languages, allowing academics to bring it back to life. Scholars know, for example, its speakers found visitors irritating: the PIE word "ghostis" gives English not just "guest" but "ghost", and Latin its word for "host" but also "enemy". 

Internet: <https://www.economist.com>(Adapted)



Evaluate the following item, which relates to the provided text and to new trends in English language teaching.
The comparison between Dante and Darwin, made in the first paragraph of the text, highlights the evolution aspect present in the history of languages. 
Alternativas
Q4443007 Pedagogia
    Dante, the Italian author, was sort of a linguistic Darwin. He held a heretical theory. Europe’s languages, he thought, had not been made in a single moment, in a biblical Babel, but had evolved. With the care of a Victorian naturalist, he thus split Europe’s languages into families by their words for "yes": those who lived in southern France and said "oc" spoke a "Langue d’oc". 

    He was spot-on. Four centuries later, a British judge and polyglot called Sir William Jones arrived in Calcutta and was struck by the similarities between Latin and Sanskrit words for terms such as house (domus, dam) and god (deus, deva). Clearly they had "sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists". The world’s languages were not a Babel but a brotherhood. 

    Proto, a new book by Laura Spinney, a journalist, offers a biography of that brotherhood—or rather its parent. For Jones’s "common source" now has a name: "Proto-Indo-European" (PIE). It was first spoken by as little as a few dozen people around the Black Sea then, roughly 5,000 years ago, spread with rapidity "from Ireland to India". Today, its offshoots include Irish, Hindi—and more or less everything in between. Almost half of the world’s population speaks a descendant of it. 

    PIE is long dead, but traces of it remain caught, like insects in amber, in modern languages, allowing academics to bring it back to life. Scholars know, for example, its speakers found visitors irritating: the PIE word "ghostis" gives English not just "guest" but "ghost", and Latin its word for "host" but also "enemy". 

Internet: <https://www.economist.com>(Adapted)



Evaluate the following item, which relates to the provided text and to new trends in English language teaching.
As far as pedagogical activities are concerned, an activity in which students would play a memorization game to learn Proto-Indo-European words by heart would be a correct and effective way to teach them the language, according to the new pedagogical trends in ELT. 
Alternativas
Q4443006 Inglês
    Never before have we had such easy access to languages we do not speak. AI translation tools can convert German, French or Japanese text into fluent English or Chinese in a matter of seconds. For many, these tools are a vital part of everyday life. Unfortunately, I have come to realise that the more these tools advance, the less we feel the need to learn foreign languages. 

    There is a misconception behind this. These tools treat languages as fixed channels that deliver the same information. They assume that knowledge exists in a stable, language - independent form and that switching languages simply means substituting one vocabulary for another. 

    This approach falls short. Languages are the key to human cultures. Their vocabularies never completely overlap. Moreover, languages use different methods to organise and pass on knowledge. This linguistic repertoire shapes the way communities communicate in specific situations, influencing how they structure arguments, frame statements and define the roles of author and audience. These patterns are learned. Similarly, language communities often develop their own conventions to convey authority, caution, criticism, belonging or respect. 

Giorgio Iemmolo. Why is it worth learning new languages?
Internet: <https://ethz.ch>.  (adapted). 



Evaluate the following item with regard to the preceding text.
The word "misconception", as used in the second paragraph, refers to the fact that AI translation tools can convert texts from one language into another. 
Alternativas
Q4443005 Inglês
    Never before have we had such easy access to languages we do not speak. AI translation tools can convert German, French or Japanese text into fluent English or Chinese in a matter of seconds. For many, these tools are a vital part of everyday life. Unfortunately, I have come to realise that the more these tools advance, the less we feel the need to learn foreign languages. 

    There is a misconception behind this. These tools treat languages as fixed channels that deliver the same information. They assume that knowledge exists in a stable, language - independent form and that switching languages simply means substituting one vocabulary for another. 

    This approach falls short. Languages are the key to human cultures. Their vocabularies never completely overlap. Moreover, languages use different methods to organise and pass on knowledge. This linguistic repertoire shapes the way communities communicate in specific situations, influencing how they structure arguments, frame statements and define the roles of author and audience. These patterns are learned. Similarly, language communities often develop their own conventions to convey authority, caution, criticism, belonging or respect. 

Giorgio Iemmolo. Why is it worth learning new languages?
Internet: <https://ethz.ch>.  (adapted). 



Evaluate the following item with regard to the preceding text.
According to the author, language is a complex means of communication, tied to culture and used differently depending on each specific situation. 
Alternativas
Q4443004 Inglês
    Never before have we had such easy access to languages we do not speak. AI translation tools can convert German, French or Japanese text into fluent English or Chinese in a matter of seconds. For many, these tools are a vital part of everyday life. Unfortunately, I have come to realise that the more these tools advance, the less we feel the need to learn foreign languages. 

    There is a misconception behind this. These tools treat languages as fixed channels that deliver the same information. They assume that knowledge exists in a stable, language - independent form and that switching languages simply means substituting one vocabulary for another. 

    This approach falls short. Languages are the key to human cultures. Their vocabularies never completely overlap. Moreover, languages use different methods to organise and pass on knowledge. This linguistic repertoire shapes the way communities communicate in specific situations, influencing how they structure arguments, frame statements and define the roles of author and audience. These patterns are learned. Similarly, language communities often develop their own conventions to convey authority, caution, criticism, belonging or respect. 

Giorgio Iemmolo. Why is it worth learning new languages?
Internet: <https://ethz.ch>.  (adapted). 



Evaluate the following item with regard to the preceding text.
It can be concluded from the text that AI translation tools are still not able to perfectly translate language in varied communicative situations. 
Alternativas
Q4443003 Inglês
    Never before have we had such easy access to languages we do not speak. AI translation tools can convert German, French or Japanese text into fluent English or Chinese in a matter of seconds. For many, these tools are a vital part of everyday life. Unfortunately, I have come to realise that the more these tools advance, the less we feel the need to learn foreign languages. 

    There is a misconception behind this. These tools treat languages as fixed channels that deliver the same information. They assume that knowledge exists in a stable, language - independent form and that switching languages simply means substituting one vocabulary for another. 

    This approach falls short. Languages are the key to human cultures. Their vocabularies never completely overlap. Moreover, languages use different methods to organise and pass on knowledge. This linguistic repertoire shapes the way communities communicate in specific situations, influencing how they structure arguments, frame statements and define the roles of author and audience. These patterns are learned. Similarly, language communities often develop their own conventions to convey authority, caution, criticism, belonging or respect. 

Giorgio Iemmolo. Why is it worth learning new languages?
Internet: <https://ethz.ch>.  (adapted). 



Evaluate the following item with regard to the preceding text.
According to the text, AI translation tools make it easier to learn a foreign language.
Alternativas
Q4443002 Inglês
    Never before have we had such easy access to languages we do not speak. AI translation tools can convert German, French or Japanese text into fluent English or Chinese in a matter of seconds. For many, these tools are a vital part of everyday life. Unfortunately, I have come to realise that the more these tools advance, the less we feel the need to learn foreign languages. 

    There is a misconception behind this. These tools treat languages as fixed channels that deliver the same information. They assume that knowledge exists in a stable, language - independent form and that switching languages simply means substituting one vocabulary for another. 

    This approach falls short. Languages are the key to human cultures. Their vocabularies never completely overlap. Moreover, languages use different methods to organise and pass on knowledge. This linguistic repertoire shapes the way communities communicate in specific situations, influencing how they structure arguments, frame statements and define the roles of author and audience. These patterns are learned. Similarly, language communities often develop their own conventions to convey authority, caution, criticism, belonging or respect. 

Giorgio Iemmolo. Why is it worth learning new languages?
Internet: <https://ethz.ch>.  (adapted). 



Evaluate the following item with regard to the preceding text.
It is possible to infer from the text that, in the author’s opinion, the development of AI translation tools puts foreign language learning at risk.
Alternativas
Q4442919 Libras
Ao executar a interpretação simultânea, o profissional realiza esforços cognitivos concomitantes relacionados à recepção, à análise, à memorização e à produção do discurso. Considerando esse processo, assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência adequada de esforços envolvidos na interpretação simultânea:
Alternativas
Q4442918 Libras
Considerando a interpretação simultânea intermodal e a relação entre língua oral e língua de sinais, a direcionalidade do processo interpretativo pode ser classificada como direta ou inversa. Para o intérprete ouvinte cuja primeira língua (L1/língua A) é a língua oral e cuja segunda língua (L2/língua B) é a língua de sinais, assinale a alternativa correspondente à direcionalidade direta:
Alternativas
Q4442917 Libras
O ato interpretativo envolve a imprevisibilidade dos discursos e exige do profissional atenção à recepção e ao processamento da mensagem, às escolhas linguísticas e interpretativas, à transmissão do conteúdo e ao acompanhamento do ritmo de produção do discurso. Considerando a complexidade desse exercício profissional, assinale a alternativa que apresenta aspectos relacionados à atuação do intérprete:
Alternativas
Q4442916 Legislação Federal
Observe o trecho da Lei n.º 10.436/2002:

"Art. 4º O sistema educacional federal e os sistemas educacionais estaduais, municipais e do Distrito Federal devem garantir a _________________ nos cursos de formação de _________________, em seus níveis médio e superior, do ensino da _________________, como parte integrante dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais − PCNs, conforme legislação vigente."

Assinale a alternativa que corretamente preenche as lacunas no excerto:
Alternativas
Q4442915 Libras
A educação bilíngue de surdos é uma modalidade de educação escolar, conforme estabelece a Lei n.º 14.191/2021. A legislação prevê objetivos para o desenvolvimento de programas integrados de ensino e de pesquisa voltados à oferta de educação escolar bilíngue e intercultural aos estudantes surdos. Entre esses objetivos, está a elaboração e a publicação sistemática de material didático bilíngue, específico e diferenciado. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta outro objetivo previsto na legislação:
Alternativas
Q4442914 Libras
Os processos de tradução e interpretação podem ocorrer entre línguas de diferentes modalidades linguísticas, considerando as características vocal-auditiva e gestual-visual. Associe a segunda coluna de acordo com a primeira, relacionando as classificações apresentadas com seus respectivos pares linguísticos:

Primeira coluna: classificação

1.Intramodal
2.Intermodal

Segunda coluna: pares linguísticos

(__)Espanhol − Italiano.
(__)Língua de Sinais Francesa − Língua de Sinais Britânica.
(__)Língua de Sinais Americana − Língua Brasileira de Sinais.
(__)Português − Língua Brasileira de Sinais.
(__)Inglês − Língua de Sinais Americana.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a correta associação entre as colunas:
Alternativas
Q4442913 Libras
A produção e a percepção de uma língua ocorrem por meio de sistemas físicos e biológicos que determinam sua modalidade. Considerando as especificidades das línguas orais e das línguas de sinais, associe a segunda coluna de acordo com a primeira, relacionando as modalidades com suas respectivas características:

Primeira coluna: modalidade

1.Línguas orais
2.Línguas de sinais

Segunda coluna: características

(__)Produção externa ao corpo.
(__)Articulação praticamente invisível.
(__)Organização predominantemente unidimensional.
(__)Articulação visível.
(__)Menor vinculação entre produção linguística e respiração.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a correta associação entre as colunas: 
Alternativas
Respostas
601: E
602: C
603: C
604: E
605: C
606: C
607: C
608: E
609: E
610: C
611: C
612: E
613: C
614: A
615: A
616: E
617: B
618: B
619: C
620: E