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Q3258843 Inglês
Text I


Shock of the old: Believe it or not, battery-powered vehicles
have been around since Victorian times.

   The history of the electric car is surprisingly enraging. If you imagine early electric vehicles at all (full disclosure: I didn’t until recently), it will probably be as the quixotic and possibly dangerous dream of a few eccentrics, maybe in the 1920s or 1930s, when domestic electrification became widespread. It’s easy to imagine some stiff-collared proto-Musk getting bored of hunting and affairs, eyeing his newly installed electric lights speculatively, then wreaking untold havoc and mass electrocutions. The reality is entirely different.

   By 1900, a third of all cars on the road in the US were electric; we’re looking at the history of a cruelly missed opportunity, and it started astonishingly early. The Scottish engineer Robert Anderson had a go at an electric car of sorts way back in the 1830s, though his invention was somewhat stymied by the fact rechargeable batteries were not invented until 1859, making his crude carriage something of a one-trick pony (and far less useful than an actual pony).

   It’s debatable whether or not Scotland was ready for this brave new world anyway: in 1842, Robert Davidson (another Scot, who had, a few years earlier, also tried his hand at an electric vehicle) saw his electric locomotive Galvani “broken by some malicious hands almost beyond repair” in Perth. The contemporary consensus was that it was attacked by railway workers fearful for their jobs.

   Despite this unpromising start, electric vehicles had entered widespread commercial circulation by the start of the 20th century, particularly in the US. Electric cabs crisscrossed Manhattan, 1897’s bestselling US car was electric and, when he was shot in 1901, President McKinley was taken to hospital in an electric ambulance. London had Walter Bersey’s electric taxis, and Berlin’s fire engines went electric in 1908; the future looked bright, clean and silent.

   By the 1930s, however, the tide had definitively turned against electric, cursed by range limitations and impractical charging times while petrol gained the upper hand thanks partly – and ironically – to the electric starter motor. The Horseless Age magazine, which vehemently backed the petrol non-horse, would have been delighted. There was a brief resurgence of interest in the late 1960s, when the US Congress passed a bill promoting electrical vehicle development, but nothing much actually happened until the Nissan Leaf sparked interest in 2009. Electric still isn’t quite there yet, battling infrastructure and battery problems that might have been familiar to Anderson and friends.


Adapted from The Guardian, Tuesday 24 October 2023, p. 6 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/series/shock-of-the-old/2023/oct/24/all
The last sentence indicates that some hurdles remain to be:
Alternativas
Q3258842 Inglês
Text I


Shock of the old: Believe it or not, battery-powered vehicles
have been around since Victorian times.

   The history of the electric car is surprisingly enraging. If you imagine early electric vehicles at all (full disclosure: I didn’t until recently), it will probably be as the quixotic and possibly dangerous dream of a few eccentrics, maybe in the 1920s or 1930s, when domestic electrification became widespread. It’s easy to imagine some stiff-collared proto-Musk getting bored of hunting and affairs, eyeing his newly installed electric lights speculatively, then wreaking untold havoc and mass electrocutions. The reality is entirely different.

   By 1900, a third of all cars on the road in the US were electric; we’re looking at the history of a cruelly missed opportunity, and it started astonishingly early. The Scottish engineer Robert Anderson had a go at an electric car of sorts way back in the 1830s, though his invention was somewhat stymied by the fact rechargeable batteries were not invented until 1859, making his crude carriage something of a one-trick pony (and far less useful than an actual pony).

   It’s debatable whether or not Scotland was ready for this brave new world anyway: in 1842, Robert Davidson (another Scot, who had, a few years earlier, also tried his hand at an electric vehicle) saw his electric locomotive Galvani “broken by some malicious hands almost beyond repair” in Perth. The contemporary consensus was that it was attacked by railway workers fearful for their jobs.

   Despite this unpromising start, electric vehicles had entered widespread commercial circulation by the start of the 20th century, particularly in the US. Electric cabs crisscrossed Manhattan, 1897’s bestselling US car was electric and, when he was shot in 1901, President McKinley was taken to hospital in an electric ambulance. London had Walter Bersey’s electric taxis, and Berlin’s fire engines went electric in 1908; the future looked bright, clean and silent.

   By the 1930s, however, the tide had definitively turned against electric, cursed by range limitations and impractical charging times while petrol gained the upper hand thanks partly – and ironically – to the electric starter motor. The Horseless Age magazine, which vehemently backed the petrol non-horse, would have been delighted. There was a brief resurgence of interest in the late 1960s, when the US Congress passed a bill promoting electrical vehicle development, but nothing much actually happened until the Nissan Leaf sparked interest in 2009. Electric still isn’t quite there yet, battling infrastructure and battery problems that might have been familiar to Anderson and friends.


Adapted from The Guardian, Tuesday 24 October 2023, p. 6 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/series/shock-of-the-old/2023/oct/24/all
The author’s account discloses an evolution that can be understood as being:
Alternativas
Q3258841 Inglês
Text I


Shock of the old: Believe it or not, battery-powered vehicles
have been around since Victorian times.

   The history of the electric car is surprisingly enraging. If you imagine early electric vehicles at all (full disclosure: I didn’t until recently), it will probably be as the quixotic and possibly dangerous dream of a few eccentrics, maybe in the 1920s or 1930s, when domestic electrification became widespread. It’s easy to imagine some stiff-collared proto-Musk getting bored of hunting and affairs, eyeing his newly installed electric lights speculatively, then wreaking untold havoc and mass electrocutions. The reality is entirely different.

   By 1900, a third of all cars on the road in the US were electric; we’re looking at the history of a cruelly missed opportunity, and it started astonishingly early. The Scottish engineer Robert Anderson had a go at an electric car of sorts way back in the 1830s, though his invention was somewhat stymied by the fact rechargeable batteries were not invented until 1859, making his crude carriage something of a one-trick pony (and far less useful than an actual pony).

   It’s debatable whether or not Scotland was ready for this brave new world anyway: in 1842, Robert Davidson (another Scot, who had, a few years earlier, also tried his hand at an electric vehicle) saw his electric locomotive Galvani “broken by some malicious hands almost beyond repair” in Perth. The contemporary consensus was that it was attacked by railway workers fearful for their jobs.

   Despite this unpromising start, electric vehicles had entered widespread commercial circulation by the start of the 20th century, particularly in the US. Electric cabs crisscrossed Manhattan, 1897’s bestselling US car was electric and, when he was shot in 1901, President McKinley was taken to hospital in an electric ambulance. London had Walter Bersey’s electric taxis, and Berlin’s fire engines went electric in 1908; the future looked bright, clean and silent.

   By the 1930s, however, the tide had definitively turned against electric, cursed by range limitations and impractical charging times while petrol gained the upper hand thanks partly – and ironically – to the electric starter motor. The Horseless Age magazine, which vehemently backed the petrol non-horse, would have been delighted. There was a brief resurgence of interest in the late 1960s, when the US Congress passed a bill promoting electrical vehicle development, but nothing much actually happened until the Nissan Leaf sparked interest in 2009. Electric still isn’t quite there yet, battling infrastructure and battery problems that might have been familiar to Anderson and friends.


Adapted from The Guardian, Tuesday 24 October 2023, p. 6 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/series/shock-of-the-old/2023/oct/24/all
At the dawn of the 20th century in the United States of America, the use of electricity-powered vehicles seemed to be:
Alternativas
Q3258840 Inglês
Text I


Shock of the old: Believe it or not, battery-powered vehicles
have been around since Victorian times.

   The history of the electric car is surprisingly enraging. If you imagine early electric vehicles at all (full disclosure: I didn’t until recently), it will probably be as the quixotic and possibly dangerous dream of a few eccentrics, maybe in the 1920s or 1930s, when domestic electrification became widespread. It’s easy to imagine some stiff-collared proto-Musk getting bored of hunting and affairs, eyeing his newly installed electric lights speculatively, then wreaking untold havoc and mass electrocutions. The reality is entirely different.

   By 1900, a third of all cars on the road in the US were electric; we’re looking at the history of a cruelly missed opportunity, and it started astonishingly early. The Scottish engineer Robert Anderson had a go at an electric car of sorts way back in the 1830s, though his invention was somewhat stymied by the fact rechargeable batteries were not invented until 1859, making his crude carriage something of a one-trick pony (and far less useful than an actual pony).

   It’s debatable whether or not Scotland was ready for this brave new world anyway: in 1842, Robert Davidson (another Scot, who had, a few years earlier, also tried his hand at an electric vehicle) saw his electric locomotive Galvani “broken by some malicious hands almost beyond repair” in Perth. The contemporary consensus was that it was attacked by railway workers fearful for their jobs.

   Despite this unpromising start, electric vehicles had entered widespread commercial circulation by the start of the 20th century, particularly in the US. Electric cabs crisscrossed Manhattan, 1897’s bestselling US car was electric and, when he was shot in 1901, President McKinley was taken to hospital in an electric ambulance. London had Walter Bersey’s electric taxis, and Berlin’s fire engines went electric in 1908; the future looked bright, clean and silent.

   By the 1930s, however, the tide had definitively turned against electric, cursed by range limitations and impractical charging times while petrol gained the upper hand thanks partly – and ironically – to the electric starter motor. The Horseless Age magazine, which vehemently backed the petrol non-horse, would have been delighted. There was a brief resurgence of interest in the late 1960s, when the US Congress passed a bill promoting electrical vehicle development, but nothing much actually happened until the Nissan Leaf sparked interest in 2009. Electric still isn’t quite there yet, battling infrastructure and battery problems that might have been familiar to Anderson and friends.


Adapted from The Guardian, Tuesday 24 October 2023, p. 6 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/series/shock-of-the-old/2023/oct/24/all

Based on the text, mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).


( ) The history of electric cars has been fraught with flawed assumptions.

( ) Robert Anderson’s invention in the 1830s was triggered off by the launching of rechargeable batteries.

( ) The 19th century Scottish locomotive engineer is said to have quashed social resistance.


The statements are, respectively,

Alternativas
Q3258839 Português
Assinale a frase que focaliza a política como algo positivo.
Alternativas
Q3258838 Português
Assinale a frase em que seria mais adequado o emprego de “ao invés de”, em lugar de “em vez de”.
Alternativas
Q3258837 Português

Um dos empregos mais frequentes dos pronomes possessivos é sua utilização para dar ideia de posse de algo.


Assinale a frase que exemplifica esse uso.

Alternativas
Q3258836 Português
Assinale a frase em que a comparação realizada não é explicada.
Alternativas
Q3258835 Português

O célebre economista Roberto Campos declarou:


Enquanto os socialistas gostam de falar das imperfeições do mercado, os liberais têm medo das imperfeições do governo.


Sobre a estruturação e o significado da frase, assinale a afirmativa correta.

Alternativas
Q3258834 Português
Assinale a frase que se enquadra entre os textos argumentativos, apresentando uma tese e argumentos.
Alternativas
Q3258833 Português
Assinale a opção que mostra um texto propagandístico apoiado na sedução.
Alternativas
Q3258832 Português

Observe a charge a seguir.



Imagem associada para resolução da questão



Sobre a charge, assinale a afirmativa correta.

Alternativas
Q1898242 Administração Financeira e Orçamentária

Cláudia é presidente recém-eleita do país XPTO. Na sua campanha presidencial, ela se destacou por promover ideias inovadoras para revolucionar a gestão pública do país, principalmente com relação à questão orçamentária, visto que a nação continua presa à utilização do orçamento clássico, considerado ultrapassado pelos especialistas.

Sabendo disso, esse país pode utilizar o orçamento

Alternativas
Q1898241 Administração Financeira e Orçamentária

Em relação à Lei de Diretrizes Orçamentárias, um dos motivos principais de sua concepção está relacionado à promoção da integração entre o Plano Plurianual e a Lei Orçamentária Anual, auxiliando no alinhamento dos objetivos de médio prazo com o contexto anual.

Acerca da Lei de Diretrizes Orçamentárias, é correto afirmar que uma de suas atribuições constitucionais é 

Alternativas
Q1898240 Administração Financeira e Orçamentária

A Constituição Federal de 1988 previu três instrumentos principais de planejamento e orçamento em seu texto, sendo eles conhecidos como Plano Plurianual, Lei de Diretrizes Orçamentárias e Lei Orçamentária Anual.

Assinale a opção que apresenta os orçamentos que constituem a Lei Orçamentária Anual.

Alternativas
Q1898239 Direito Administrativo

Com o advento da nova lei de licitações (Lei nº 14.133/21) uma série de inovações foi instituída no procedimento licitatório da Administração Pública, a exemplo da permissão de novas modalidades de licitação.

Dentre essas novas modalidades, uma delas tem como prioridade o desenvolvimento de uma ou mais alternativas que atendam às necessidades da Administração Pública, sendo conhecida como

Alternativas
Q1898238 Direito Administrativo

Os princípios administrativos são fundamentais no balizamento da atuação da Administração Pública, oferecendo regras tanto limitativas como permissivas de gestão.

Com base no estabelecido pelo princípio da Autotutela, é correto afirmar que

Alternativas
Q1898237 Administração Pública

A reforma administrativa ocorrida no Brasil na década de 1990, pautou-se na ideia de modernizar e aumentar a eficiência do aparelho do Estado e teve, como algumas de suas medidas principais, a descentralização da estrutura interna da Administração Pública e o fortalecimento da capacidade regulatória.

No que tange às entidades paraestatais, assinale a afirmativa correta.

Alternativas
Q1898236 Administração Pública

Considere que o Governo Federal decida criar uma nova autarquia federal para desenvolver práticas e tecnologias inovadoras associadas a energias sustentáveis, visando ajudar o Brasil na meta de reduzir em 50% as emissões de carbono até 2030.

Em relação à criação dessa autarquia, é correto afirmar que ela deve ser criada por meio de

Alternativas
Q1898235 Administração Pública
Com base nas disposições sobre organização administrativa do Brasil, formalizada essencialmente pelo Decreto-Lei nº 200/67, assinale a afirmativa correta.
Alternativas
Respostas
301: B
302: D
303: E
304: D
305: B
306: A
307: E
308: D
309: B
310: C
311: C
312: B
313: C
314: E
315: D
316: E
317: B
318: A
319: A
320: A