Questões de Concurso
Sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês
Foram encontradas 12.903 questões
Ano: 2026
Banca:
Avança SP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Nova Odessa - SP
Prova:
Avança SP - 2026 - Prefeitura de Nova Odessa - SP - Professor de Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q4028349
Inglês
Texto associado
Brazil floods: 'I saw people trapped in their
homes crying for help'
Heavy rains in the Brazilian state of Minas
Gerais have caused severe flooding and
landslides, leaving at least 32 people dead. The
cities most affected are Juiz de Fora and Ubá.
In Juiz de Fora, twelve homes were swept away
by a mudslide. In Ubá, a river burst its banks and
flooded several streets. Rescue teams have been
searching for at least 38 people who remain
missing, while shelters have been set up for
thousands of residents who were left homeless.
Meteorologists reported that the amount of rain
that fell in the region during the month was
already double the average normally expected for
February, and additional rainfall was forecast for
the following days.
A resident of Ubá, Lucas Gandra, told BBC
Brasil that he received the first flood warning
early on Tuesday, when a friend called to inform
him that the local river was about to overflow.
According to him, the situation worsened very
quickly.
“At 00:07 the water was overflowing and by
00:20 it was already causing enormous damage.
The water rose very quickly,” he said.
The city, located about 300 kilometers north of
Rio de Janeiro, had previously experienced
flooding in 2019 and 2020, but residents reported
that the current disaster was far more destructive.
Lucas Gandra also described dramatic scenes
during the flooding, recalling that many residents
were trapped in their homes and calling for help.
More than 200 people were rescued by
emergency teams, although some of those who
died had reportedly attempted to help others
during the disaster.
Another resident of Ubá, Carolina Magalhães,
described the situation as “horrific.” She reported
seeing floodwaters carrying debris through the streets, including household items, motorcycles,
and gas cylinders.
DINIZ, Iara; BUSCHSCHLÜTER, Vanessa. Brazil floods:
“I saw people trapped in their homes crying for help”. BBC
News, 25 Feb. 2026. Available at: BBC News article
(adapted) Accessed on: 1 Mar. 2026.
In the sentence “a friend called to inform him that
the local river was about to overflow,” the
expression ‘was about to’ indicates that the
river:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
Avança SP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Nova Odessa - SP
Prova:
Avança SP - 2026 - Prefeitura de Nova Odessa - SP - Professor de Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q4028348
Inglês
Texto associado
Brazil floods: 'I saw people trapped in their
homes crying for help'
Heavy rains in the Brazilian state of Minas
Gerais have caused severe flooding and
landslides, leaving at least 32 people dead. The
cities most affected are Juiz de Fora and Ubá.
In Juiz de Fora, twelve homes were swept away
by a mudslide. In Ubá, a river burst its banks and
flooded several streets. Rescue teams have been
searching for at least 38 people who remain
missing, while shelters have been set up for
thousands of residents who were left homeless.
Meteorologists reported that the amount of rain
that fell in the region during the month was
already double the average normally expected for
February, and additional rainfall was forecast for
the following days.
A resident of Ubá, Lucas Gandra, told BBC
Brasil that he received the first flood warning
early on Tuesday, when a friend called to inform
him that the local river was about to overflow.
According to him, the situation worsened very
quickly.
“At 00:07 the water was overflowing and by
00:20 it was already causing enormous damage.
The water rose very quickly,” he said.
The city, located about 300 kilometers north of
Rio de Janeiro, had previously experienced
flooding in 2019 and 2020, but residents reported
that the current disaster was far more destructive.
Lucas Gandra also described dramatic scenes
during the flooding, recalling that many residents
were trapped in their homes and calling for help.
More than 200 people were rescued by
emergency teams, although some of those who
died had reportedly attempted to help others
during the disaster.
Another resident of Ubá, Carolina Magalhães,
described the situation as “horrific.” She reported
seeing floodwaters carrying debris through the streets, including household items, motorcycles,
and gas cylinders.
DINIZ, Iara; BUSCHSCHLÜTER, Vanessa. Brazil floods:
“I saw people trapped in their homes crying for help”. BBC
News, 25 Feb. 2026. Available at: BBC News article
(adapted) Accessed on: 1 Mar. 2026.
In the sentence “The city, located about 300
kilometers north of Rio de Janeiro, had
previously experienced flooding in 2019 and
2020, but residents reported that it was far more
destructive,” the pronoun “it” refers to:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
Avança SP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Nova Odessa - SP
Prova:
Avança SP - 2026 - Prefeitura de Nova Odessa - SP - Professor de Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q4028345
Inglês
Texto associado
Brazil floods: 'I saw people trapped in their
homes crying for help'
Heavy rains in the Brazilian state of Minas
Gerais have caused severe flooding and
landslides, leaving at least 32 people dead. The
cities most affected are Juiz de Fora and Ubá.
In Juiz de Fora, twelve homes were swept away
by a mudslide. In Ubá, a river burst its banks and
flooded several streets. Rescue teams have been
searching for at least 38 people who remain
missing, while shelters have been set up for
thousands of residents who were left homeless.
Meteorologists reported that the amount of rain
that fell in the region during the month was
already double the average normally expected for
February, and additional rainfall was forecast for
the following days.
A resident of Ubá, Lucas Gandra, told BBC
Brasil that he received the first flood warning
early on Tuesday, when a friend called to inform
him that the local river was about to overflow.
According to him, the situation worsened very
quickly.
“At 00:07 the water was overflowing and by
00:20 it was already causing enormous damage.
The water rose very quickly,” he said.
The city, located about 300 kilometers north of
Rio de Janeiro, had previously experienced
flooding in 2019 and 2020, but residents reported
that the current disaster was far more destructive.
Lucas Gandra also described dramatic scenes
during the flooding, recalling that many residents
were trapped in their homes and calling for help.
More than 200 people were rescued by
emergency teams, although some of those who
died had reportedly attempted to help others
during the disaster.
Another resident of Ubá, Carolina Magalhães,
described the situation as “horrific.” She reported
seeing floodwaters carrying debris through the streets, including household items, motorcycles,
and gas cylinders.
DINIZ, Iara; BUSCHSCHLÜTER, Vanessa. Brazil floods:
“I saw people trapped in their homes crying for help”. BBC
News, 25 Feb. 2026. Available at: BBC News article
(adapted) Accessed on: 1 Mar. 2026.
According to the text, what natural events caused
the disaster in Minas Gerais?
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
TCE-RN
Provas:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - TCE-RN - Auditor de Controle Externo - Especialidade: Direito
|
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - TCE-RN - Auditor de Controle Externo – Especialidade: Contabilidade |
Q4026550
Inglês
Texto associado
The changes to Earth’s natural patterns reveal an interconnected web of ecological systems that are undergoing profound changes beyond what many researchers have predicted. Scientists say the culprit is clear: Ever since the Industrial Revolution, the relentless burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas has been adding heat-trapping gases to the atmosphere, leading to a sharp rise in global temperatures. The hottest year in recorded history was 2024, and each of the 10 warmest years on record have come in the past decade.
Since 1997, when nations agreed to limit planet-warming gases as part of the landmark Kyoto Protocol, humanity has released more greenhouse gases than in all prior history. The temperature rise associated with the growing volume of heat trapping gas has kicked in, and it is continuing to rise. And at the same time, the ability of the planet’s natural systems to absorb planet-warming gases like carbon dioxide appears to be diminishing.
David Gelles. One thing’s for sure, the weather is getting wilder.
The New York Times International Edition, Nova York, 21-22 mar. 2026, p. 2 (adapted).
Considering the preceding text, judge the following item.
Many scientists predicted all of the changes in Earth’s ecological systems exactly as they are happening.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
TCE-RN
Provas:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - TCE-RN - Auditor de Controle Externo - Especialidade: Direito
|
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - TCE-RN - Auditor de Controle Externo – Especialidade: Contabilidade |
Q4026548
Inglês
Texto associado
The changes to Earth’s natural patterns reveal an interconnected web of ecological systems that are undergoing profound changes beyond what many researchers have predicted. Scientists say the culprit is clear: Ever since the Industrial Revolution, the relentless burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas has been adding heat-trapping gases to the atmosphere, leading to a sharp rise in global temperatures. The hottest year in recorded history was 2024, and each of the 10 warmest years on record have come in the past decade.
Since 1997, when nations agreed to limit planet-warming gases as part of the landmark Kyoto Protocol, humanity has released more greenhouse gases than in all prior history. The temperature rise associated with the growing volume of heat trapping gas has kicked in, and it is continuing to rise. And at the same time, the ability of the planet’s natural systems to absorb planet-warming gases like carbon dioxide appears to be diminishing.
David Gelles. One thing’s for sure, the weather is getting wilder.
The New York Times International Edition, Nova York, 21-22 mar. 2026, p. 2 (adapted).
Considering the preceding text, judge the following item.
The structure "appears to be diminishing", used at the end of the text, indicates the observation of an ongoing gradual process.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
TCE-RN
Provas:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - TCE-RN - Auditor de Controle Externo - Especialidade: Direito
|
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - TCE-RN - Auditor de Controle Externo – Especialidade: Contabilidade |
Q4026547
Inglês
Texto associado
The changes to Earth’s natural patterns reveal an interconnected web of ecological systems that are undergoing profound changes beyond what many researchers have predicted. Scientists say the culprit is clear: Ever since the Industrial Revolution, the relentless burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas has been adding heat-trapping gases to the atmosphere, leading to a sharp rise in global temperatures. The hottest year in recorded history was 2024, and each of the 10 warmest years on record have come in the past decade.
Since 1997, when nations agreed to limit planet-warming gases as part of the landmark Kyoto Protocol, humanity has released more greenhouse gases than in all prior history. The temperature rise associated with the growing volume of heat trapping gas has kicked in, and it is continuing to rise. And at the same time, the ability of the planet’s natural systems to absorb planet-warming gases like carbon dioxide appears to be diminishing.
David Gelles. One thing’s for sure, the weather is getting wilder.
The New York Times International Edition, Nova York, 21-22 mar. 2026, p. 2 (adapted).
Considering the preceding text, judge the following item.
In the excerpt "The hottest year in recorded history was 2024" (first paragraph), the word "hottest" is the superlative form of hot and could be replaced with most hot without this harming the grammatical correctness of the text.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
PROMUN
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Areias - SP
Prova:
PROMUN - 2026 - Prefeitura de Areias - SP - Professor Ensino Fundamental II Inglês |
Q4025509
Inglês
Read the paragraph below and check the correct
item:
Australia’s first people - known as Aboriginal Australians – have lived on the continental for over 50.000 years. Diverse and culturally distinctive, they are represented by more than 250 distinct language groups spread throughout Australia. About 3 percent of Australia’s population has Aboriginal heritage. But the origins and fate of Australia’s native peoples are still the subject of heated debates – ranging from social disparities to legal representation, and even whether their genocide can really be considered a genocide.
(Source: National Geographic – adaptation)
Australia’s first people - known as Aboriginal Australians – have lived on the continental for over 50.000 years. Diverse and culturally distinctive, they are represented by more than 250 distinct language groups spread throughout Australia. About 3 percent of Australia’s population has Aboriginal heritage. But the origins and fate of Australia’s native peoples are still the subject of heated debates – ranging from social disparities to legal representation, and even whether their genocide can really be considered a genocide.
(Source: National Geographic – adaptation)
Ano: 2026
Banca:
IGEDUC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Jati - CE
Prova:
IGEDUC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Jati - CE - Professor de Língua Inglesa |
Q4024003
Inglês
Advanced reading comprehension involves metacognitive
strategies such as identifying text cohesion and inferring
meaning through logical connectors. Regarding the
application of reading strategies in the context of English
for Specific Purposes (ESP), mark T for True or F for
False:
(__) Scanning is a rapid reading technique used to locate specific details such as dates or names without reading the entire text.
(__) Skimming involves reading the first and last paragraphs and topic sentences to grasp the main idea and overall organization of a text.
(__) Predicting is a strategy that focuses exclusively on identifying the phonological patterns of words before the reader encounters them in the text.
(__) Summarizing requires the reader to translate every single word of the original text into their native language to ensure complete comprehension.
After analysis, choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT sequence:
(__) Scanning is a rapid reading technique used to locate specific details such as dates or names without reading the entire text.
(__) Skimming involves reading the first and last paragraphs and topic sentences to grasp the main idea and overall organization of a text.
(__) Predicting is a strategy that focuses exclusively on identifying the phonological patterns of words before the reader encounters them in the text.
(__) Summarizing requires the reader to translate every single word of the original text into their native language to ensure complete comprehension.
After analysis, choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT sequence:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
IGEDUC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Jati - CE
Prova:
IGEDUC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Jati - CE - Professor de Língua Inglesa |
Q4024002
Inglês
Interpreting complex academic texts requires identifying
"hedging" devices used by authors to soften claims and
maintain professional scientific neutrality. Regarding the
pragmatic function of epistemic modality in research
papers, mark T for True or F for False:
(__) The use of modal verbs like "could" or "might" serves to indicate the tentative nature of a conclusion rather than a lack of knowledge.
(__) Authors employ hedging to protect their professional reputation by anticipating possible opposition to their theoretical interpretations.
(__) The presence of adverbs such as "presumably" or "likely" indicates a direct observation of facts considered indisputable by the community.
(__) Scientific writing avoids modal distance to ensure that all presented data is perceived as an absolute truth by the reader.
After analysis, choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT sequence:
(__) The use of modal verbs like "could" or "might" serves to indicate the tentative nature of a conclusion rather than a lack of knowledge.
(__) Authors employ hedging to protect their professional reputation by anticipating possible opposition to their theoretical interpretations.
(__) The presence of adverbs such as "presumably" or "likely" indicates a direct observation of facts considered indisputable by the community.
(__) Scientific writing avoids modal distance to ensure that all presented data is perceived as an absolute truth by the reader.
After analysis, choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT sequence:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
IGEDUC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Jati - CE
Prova:
IGEDUC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Jati - CE - Professor de Língua Inglesa |
Q4023999
Inglês
In pragmatic theory, indirect speech acts occur when an
utterance has a distinct illocutionary force that goes
beyond its literal locutionary form. Based on the
classification of speech acts in formal professional
discourse, choose the alternative that CORRECTLY
identifies the function of the following sentence: "I would
appreciate it if you could submit the report by Friday."
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - Câmara dos Deputados - Técnico Legislativo - Especialidade: Policial Legislativo Federal |
Q4023160
Inglês
Texto associado
Considering the preceding text, judge the following item.
The security risks faced by Parliaments, legislatures,
elected representatives, and the officials who support them, differ
greatly according to their evolving national and local
circumstances, among other things. For some, the biggest
security risks may stem from disruptive protesters and cyber
criminals, but terrorism may pose the most concerning risks for
others. In fact, threat actors differ enormously in their intentions
and capabilities, which also change over time.
Given that risk is a product of threat, vulnerability, and
impact, it follows that ultimately there are only three ways to
reduce security risk — namely, by reducing the threat, reducing
the vulnerability, or reducing the impact (or some combination
thereof). Reducing the threat element of security risk is difficult,
especially in the case of determined and capable threat actors.
Responsibility for reducing threats tends to lie mainly with
national law enforcement, security, and intelligence agencies.
That said, parliaments and other organisations can contribute to
threat reduction through deterrence — in other words, by
influencing the intentions of threat actors. Carefully crafted
security-minded communications can convey a discouraging
message to potential attackers, to the effect that they should
expect to confront professional security measures and face a
substantial risk of being caught. For instance, a parliamentary
website might advertise that visitors will undergo ‘airport-style
screening’, without explaining precisely what that entails. The
public should be reassured by such message, whereas some threat
actors might be deterred.
Paul Martin. Parliamentary security: an introductory guide.
Internet: <www.cpahq.org> (adapted).
As mentioned at the end of the text, the message about the
airport-style screening advertised in a parliamentary website
could have a dual effect on people, even if they are not told
its exact implications.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - Câmara dos Deputados - Técnico Legislativo - Especialidade: Policial Legislativo Federal |
Q4023159
Inglês
Texto associado
Considering the preceding text, judge the following item.
The security risks faced by Parliaments, legislatures,
elected representatives, and the officials who support them, differ
greatly according to their evolving national and local
circumstances, among other things. For some, the biggest
security risks may stem from disruptive protesters and cyber
criminals, but terrorism may pose the most concerning risks for
others. In fact, threat actors differ enormously in their intentions
and capabilities, which also change over time.
Given that risk is a product of threat, vulnerability, and
impact, it follows that ultimately there are only three ways to
reduce security risk — namely, by reducing the threat, reducing
the vulnerability, or reducing the impact (or some combination
thereof). Reducing the threat element of security risk is difficult,
especially in the case of determined and capable threat actors.
Responsibility for reducing threats tends to lie mainly with
national law enforcement, security, and intelligence agencies.
That said, parliaments and other organisations can contribute to
threat reduction through deterrence — in other words, by
influencing the intentions of threat actors. Carefully crafted
security-minded communications can convey a discouraging
message to potential attackers, to the effect that they should
expect to confront professional security measures and face a
substantial risk of being caught. For instance, a parliamentary
website might advertise that visitors will undergo ‘airport-style
screening’, without explaining precisely what that entails. The
public should be reassured by such message, whereas some threat
actors might be deterred.
Paul Martin. Parliamentary security: an introductory guide.
Internet: <www.cpahq.org> (adapted).
According to the text, with “Carefully crafted securityminded communications”, potential attackers are
discouraged and caught before being able to cause any harm.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - Câmara dos Deputados - Técnico Legislativo - Especialidade: Policial Legislativo Federal |
Q4023157
Inglês
Texto associado
Considering the preceding text, judge the following item.
The security risks faced by Parliaments, legislatures,
elected representatives, and the officials who support them, differ
greatly according to their evolving national and local
circumstances, among other things. For some, the biggest
security risks may stem from disruptive protesters and cyber
criminals, but terrorism may pose the most concerning risks for
others. In fact, threat actors differ enormously in their intentions
and capabilities, which also change over time.
Given that risk is a product of threat, vulnerability, and
impact, it follows that ultimately there are only three ways to
reduce security risk — namely, by reducing the threat, reducing
the vulnerability, or reducing the impact (or some combination
thereof). Reducing the threat element of security risk is difficult,
especially in the case of determined and capable threat actors.
Responsibility for reducing threats tends to lie mainly with
national law enforcement, security, and intelligence agencies.
That said, parliaments and other organisations can contribute to
threat reduction through deterrence — in other words, by
influencing the intentions of threat actors. Carefully crafted
security-minded communications can convey a discouraging
message to potential attackers, to the effect that they should
expect to confront professional security measures and face a
substantial risk of being caught. For instance, a parliamentary
website might advertise that visitors will undergo ‘airport-style
screening’, without explaining precisely what that entails. The
public should be reassured by such message, whereas some threat
actors might be deterred.
Paul Martin. Parliamentary security: an introductory guide.
Internet: <www.cpahq.org> (adapted).
Based on the text, it is correct to conclude that the possibility
of threat reduction being successful varies according to the
level of determination and to the ability of those posing
threats.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - Câmara dos Deputados - Técnico Legislativo - Especialidade: Policial Legislativo Federal |
Q4023156
Inglês
Texto associado
Considering the preceding text, judge the following item.
The security risks faced by Parliaments, legislatures,
elected representatives, and the officials who support them, differ
greatly according to their evolving national and local
circumstances, among other things. For some, the biggest
security risks may stem from disruptive protesters and cyber
criminals, but terrorism may pose the most concerning risks for
others. In fact, threat actors differ enormously in their intentions
and capabilities, which also change over time.
Given that risk is a product of threat, vulnerability, and
impact, it follows that ultimately there are only three ways to
reduce security risk — namely, by reducing the threat, reducing
the vulnerability, or reducing the impact (or some combination
thereof). Reducing the threat element of security risk is difficult,
especially in the case of determined and capable threat actors.
Responsibility for reducing threats tends to lie mainly with
national law enforcement, security, and intelligence agencies.
That said, parliaments and other organisations can contribute to
threat reduction through deterrence — in other words, by
influencing the intentions of threat actors. Carefully crafted
security-minded communications can convey a discouraging
message to potential attackers, to the effect that they should
expect to confront professional security measures and face a
substantial risk of being caught. For instance, a parliamentary
website might advertise that visitors will undergo ‘airport-style
screening’, without explaining precisely what that entails. The
public should be reassured by such message, whereas some threat
actors might be deterred.
Paul Martin. Parliamentary security: an introductory guide.
Internet: <www.cpahq.org> (adapted).
The passage “some combination thereof”, in “reducing the
threat, reducing the vulnerability, or reducing the impact (or
some combination thereof)” (second paragraph), necessarily
indicates a combination of the two last factors mentioned:
vulnerability reduction and impact reduction.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - Câmara dos Deputados - Técnico Legislativo - Especialidade: Policial Legislativo Federal |
Q4023155
Inglês
Texto associado
Considering the preceding text, judge the following item.
The security risks faced by Parliaments, legislatures,
elected representatives, and the officials who support them, differ
greatly according to their evolving national and local
circumstances, among other things. For some, the biggest
security risks may stem from disruptive protesters and cyber
criminals, but terrorism may pose the most concerning risks for
others. In fact, threat actors differ enormously in their intentions
and capabilities, which also change over time.
Given that risk is a product of threat, vulnerability, and
impact, it follows that ultimately there are only three ways to
reduce security risk — namely, by reducing the threat, reducing
the vulnerability, or reducing the impact (or some combination
thereof). Reducing the threat element of security risk is difficult,
especially in the case of determined and capable threat actors.
Responsibility for reducing threats tends to lie mainly with
national law enforcement, security, and intelligence agencies.
That said, parliaments and other organisations can contribute to
threat reduction through deterrence — in other words, by
influencing the intentions of threat actors. Carefully crafted
security-minded communications can convey a discouraging
message to potential attackers, to the effect that they should
expect to confront professional security measures and face a
substantial risk of being caught. For instance, a parliamentary
website might advertise that visitors will undergo ‘airport-style
screening’, without explaining precisely what that entails. The
public should be reassured by such message, whereas some threat
actors might be deterred.
Paul Martin. Parliamentary security: an introductory guide.
Internet: <www.cpahq.org> (adapted).
In the excerpt “threat actors differ enormously in their
intentions and capabilities, which also change over time”
(first paragraph), “which” refers to “threat actors”.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - Câmara dos Deputados - Técnico Legislativo - Especialidade: Policial Legislativo Federal |
Q4023154
Inglês
Texto associado
Concerning the previous text, judge the following items.
The role of the police in a healthy democracy is radically
different from their role in authoritarian societies. In autocratic
regimes, the police serve mainly to protect not the people, but the
regime. The police are therefore typically politicized, with
appointments being part of the patronage system that rewards
regime loyalists. Police officers spend a great deal of time spying
on the populace to unmask political opposition; crime against
citizens is less of a concern. Abuse and corruption are usually
rife, because police are not held accountable for their actions.
Rather, political leaders tolerate abuses by the police in return for
police loyalty to the regime.
By contrast, in democratic societies the primary mission
of the police is to protect citizens against crime and disorder,
including illegal or corrupt behavior by officials. In democracies,
police have carefully circumscribed roles that require close and
positive relations with ordinary citizens. The use of arms and
pursuit of criminals are rare and take up only a tiny fraction of
police time. Instead, police officers spend the vast bulk of their
time building relationships with the community through patrols,
community-enhancing activities, and listening to citizens. The
goal of democratic policing is to build a web of relationships
between the community and the police that helps to control crime
by making police aware of the persons and activities in the
communities that they are assigned to protect and by inclining
citizens to trust and cooperate with police. This also achieves the
primary goal of making citizens feel secure in their daily
activities, thereby fostering a climate that encourages increased
legitimate business activity, investment, and planning for the
future.
Michael D. Wiatrowski and Jack A. Goldstone. The ballot and the badge: democratic policing. In: Journal
of Democracy, Volume 21, Number 2. Internet: <muse.jhu.edu> (adapted).
In the fragment “police have carefully circumscribed roles
that require close and positive relations with ordinary
citizens” (second paragraph), “ordinary citizens” are people
who represent the average citizen in a democratic society.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - Câmara dos Deputados - Técnico Legislativo - Especialidade: Policial Legislativo Federal |
Q4023153
Inglês
Texto associado
Concerning the previous text, judge the following items.
The role of the police in a healthy democracy is radically
different from their role in authoritarian societies. In autocratic
regimes, the police serve mainly to protect not the people, but the
regime. The police are therefore typically politicized, with
appointments being part of the patronage system that rewards
regime loyalists. Police officers spend a great deal of time spying
on the populace to unmask political opposition; crime against
citizens is less of a concern. Abuse and corruption are usually
rife, because police are not held accountable for their actions.
Rather, political leaders tolerate abuses by the police in return for
police loyalty to the regime.
By contrast, in democratic societies the primary mission
of the police is to protect citizens against crime and disorder,
including illegal or corrupt behavior by officials. In democracies,
police have carefully circumscribed roles that require close and
positive relations with ordinary citizens. The use of arms and
pursuit of criminals are rare and take up only a tiny fraction of
police time. Instead, police officers spend the vast bulk of their
time building relationships with the community through patrols,
community-enhancing activities, and listening to citizens. The
goal of democratic policing is to build a web of relationships
between the community and the police that helps to control crime
by making police aware of the persons and activities in the
communities that they are assigned to protect and by inclining
citizens to trust and cooperate with police. This also achieves the
primary goal of making citizens feel secure in their daily
activities, thereby fostering a climate that encourages increased
legitimate business activity, investment, and planning for the
future.
Michael D. Wiatrowski and Jack A. Goldstone. The ballot and the badge: democratic policing. In: Journal
of Democracy, Volume 21, Number 2. Internet: <muse.jhu.edu> (adapted).
According to the text, the limitations imposed on police
work in democratic societies are motivated by the fact that
the use of arms almost never happens.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - Câmara dos Deputados - Técnico Legislativo - Especialidade: Policial Legislativo Federal |
Q4023152
Inglês
Texto associado
Concerning the previous text, judge the following items.
The role of the police in a healthy democracy is radically
different from their role in authoritarian societies. In autocratic
regimes, the police serve mainly to protect not the people, but the
regime. The police are therefore typically politicized, with
appointments being part of the patronage system that rewards
regime loyalists. Police officers spend a great deal of time spying
on the populace to unmask political opposition; crime against
citizens is less of a concern. Abuse and corruption are usually
rife, because police are not held accountable for their actions.
Rather, political leaders tolerate abuses by the police in return for
police loyalty to the regime.
By contrast, in democratic societies the primary mission
of the police is to protect citizens against crime and disorder,
including illegal or corrupt behavior by officials. In democracies,
police have carefully circumscribed roles that require close and
positive relations with ordinary citizens. The use of arms and
pursuit of criminals are rare and take up only a tiny fraction of
police time. Instead, police officers spend the vast bulk of their
time building relationships with the community through patrols,
community-enhancing activities, and listening to citizens. The
goal of democratic policing is to build a web of relationships
between the community and the police that helps to control crime
by making police aware of the persons and activities in the
communities that they are assigned to protect and by inclining
citizens to trust and cooperate with police. This also achieves the
primary goal of making citizens feel secure in their daily
activities, thereby fostering a climate that encourages increased
legitimate business activity, investment, and planning for the
future.
Michael D. Wiatrowski and Jack A. Goldstone. The ballot and the badge: democratic policing. In: Journal
of Democracy, Volume 21, Number 2. Internet: <muse.jhu.edu> (adapted).
In the sentence “The police are therefore typically
politicized, with appointments being part of the patronage
system that rewards regime loyalists” (first paragraph), the
authors imply that, in authoritarian societies, proper
qualification may not suffice for someone to become a police
officer.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - Câmara dos Deputados - Técnico Legislativo - Especialidade: Policial Legislativo Federal |
Q4023151
Inglês
Texto associado
Concerning the previous text, judge the following items.
The role of the police in a healthy democracy is radically
different from their role in authoritarian societies. In autocratic
regimes, the police serve mainly to protect not the people, but the
regime. The police are therefore typically politicized, with
appointments being part of the patronage system that rewards
regime loyalists. Police officers spend a great deal of time spying
on the populace to unmask political opposition; crime against
citizens is less of a concern. Abuse and corruption are usually
rife, because police are not held accountable for their actions.
Rather, political leaders tolerate abuses by the police in return for
police loyalty to the regime.
By contrast, in democratic societies the primary mission
of the police is to protect citizens against crime and disorder,
including illegal or corrupt behavior by officials. In democracies,
police have carefully circumscribed roles that require close and
positive relations with ordinary citizens. The use of arms and
pursuit of criminals are rare and take up only a tiny fraction of
police time. Instead, police officers spend the vast bulk of their
time building relationships with the community through patrols,
community-enhancing activities, and listening to citizens. The
goal of democratic policing is to build a web of relationships
between the community and the police that helps to control crime
by making police aware of the persons and activities in the
communities that they are assigned to protect and by inclining
citizens to trust and cooperate with police. This also achieves the
primary goal of making citizens feel secure in their daily
activities, thereby fostering a climate that encourages increased
legitimate business activity, investment, and planning for the
future.
Michael D. Wiatrowski and Jack A. Goldstone. The ballot and the badge: democratic policing. In: Journal
of Democracy, Volume 21, Number 2. Internet: <muse.jhu.edu> (adapted).
The authors oppose two different roles of the police, each
one related to a specific way political power can be exercised
in a society.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2026 - Câmara dos Deputados - Técnico Legislativo - Especialidade: Policial Legislativo Federal |
Q4023149
Inglês
Texto associado
Concerning the previous text, judge the following items.
The role of the police in a healthy democracy is radically
different from their role in authoritarian societies. In autocratic
regimes, the police serve mainly to protect not the people, but the
regime. The police are therefore typically politicized, with
appointments being part of the patronage system that rewards
regime loyalists. Police officers spend a great deal of time spying
on the populace to unmask political opposition; crime against
citizens is less of a concern. Abuse and corruption are usually
rife, because police are not held accountable for their actions.
Rather, political leaders tolerate abuses by the police in return for
police loyalty to the regime.
By contrast, in democratic societies the primary mission
of the police is to protect citizens against crime and disorder,
including illegal or corrupt behavior by officials. In democracies,
police have carefully circumscribed roles that require close and
positive relations with ordinary citizens. The use of arms and
pursuit of criminals are rare and take up only a tiny fraction of
police time. Instead, police officers spend the vast bulk of their
time building relationships with the community through patrols,
community-enhancing activities, and listening to citizens. The
goal of democratic policing is to build a web of relationships
between the community and the police that helps to control crime
by making police aware of the persons and activities in the
communities that they are assigned to protect and by inclining
citizens to trust and cooperate with police. This also achieves the
primary goal of making citizens feel secure in their daily
activities, thereby fostering a climate that encourages increased
legitimate business activity, investment, and planning for the
future.
Michael D. Wiatrowski and Jack A. Goldstone. The ballot and the badge: democratic policing. In: Journal
of Democracy, Volume 21, Number 2. Internet: <muse.jhu.edu> (adapted).
It is correct to infer from the first paragraph of the text that
investigating common crimes committed against citizens is
not part of the police’s duties in autocratic nations.
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