Questões de Concurso
Sobre falso cognatos | false cognates em inglês
Foram encontradas 153 questões
Os false cognates, (false friends), constituem um dos principais desafios para aprendizes de Língua Inglesa, pois apresentam semelhança gráfica com palavras da Língua Portuguesa, mas possuem significados diferentes.
Considerando-se o contexto de cada sentença, assinale a alternativa em que a palavra sublinhada está, corretamente, interpretada.
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Canada: Educating in and for climate emergency
Climate change is the most urgent crisis facing our planet today. Youth have repeatedly called for action on tackling this crisis, including the implementation of climate change curricula in schools.
Canadian students are among those demanding improvement to the sparse and inconsistent delivery of climate change education. A study published in 2019 found that only about half of Canada’s ministries of education and about 60 per cent of school divisions in the country had sustainabilityspecific policy, with this understood to include governance, curriculum, facilities, research, and community outreach. When climate change topics are taught, key concepts are often missing such as the scientific consensus that humans are causing climate change, or a focus on impacts or solutions.
A recent countrywide survey of 4,035 respondents across the country highlighted the consequences of inadequate climate change education in schools. One-third of Canadians failed a 10-question knowledge quiz. Only around half knew greenhouse gases were the main cause of climate change. Few responded correctly that the average temperature has already increased by more than one degree Celsius. Despite their gaps in knowledge, the majority of survey respondents agreed that we are experiencing a climate emergency and that climate change education should be a high priority.
Ten percent of survey respondents were educators (406 people), and among this group, half said a lack of time is a barrier when attempting to include climate change education within the classroom. In fact, respected international organizations have noted that implementing climate change education in schools cannot continue to fall on the shoulders of overburdened teachers.
The traditional way of teaching doesn’t work for complex topics like climate change. Teachers need to shift towards student-directed inquiry and active, real-world learning. It’s not enough to simply quote scientific facts, as a focus on “doom and gloom” can intensify eco-anxiety. Best practices for climate change education include the opportunity to take personal and collective action.
(Karen S. Acton. http://theconversation.com, 07.03.2023. Adaptado)
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Communicative language competence can be considered as comprising several components: linguistic, sociolinguistic and pragmatic.
Linguistic competences include lexical, phonological, syntactical knowledge and skills and other dimensions of language as system, independently of the sociolinguistic value of its variations and the pragmatic functions of its realisations.
Sociolinguistic competences refer to the sociocultural conditions of language use. Through its sensitivity to social conventions (rules of politeness, norms governing relations between generations, sexes, classes and social groups, linguistic codification of certain fundamental rituals in the functioning of a community), the sociolinguistic component strictly affects all language communication between representatives of different cultures, even though participants may often be unaware of its influence.
Pragmatic competences are concerned with the functional use of linguistic resources (production of language functions, speech acts), drawing on scenarios or scripts of interactional exchanges. It also concerns the mastery of discourse, cohesion and coherence, the identification of text types and forms, irony, and parody. For this component even more than the linguistic component, it is hardly necessary to stress the major impact of interactions and cultural environments in which such abilities are constructed.
(https://www.coe.int/en/web/common-european-framework-
reference-languages. Acesso 17.08.2025. Adaptado)
"I didn't realize you were waiting for me."
Choose the alternative in which the underlined word is not a false cognate in English.
I. In the sentence “She is at the library”, the word library means biblioteca.
II.In the sentence “Actually, I think you are right”, the word actually means atualmente.
Ill.In the sentence “We go to college together”, the word college means faculdade.
IV.In the sentence “The teacher used to argue with the students”, the word argue means arguir.
V.In the sentence “My brother is an expert in design”, the word expert means especialista.
Which alternative presents the statements with correct interpretations?
False cognates are words with similar spelling or pronunciation in two languages, but with distinct meanings in current use. Regarding false cognates between English and Portuguese, mark T for the true statements and F for the false statements:
(__)The word "actually", in English, means "in fact" or "in truth", differing from the Portuguese word "atualmente".
(__)The word "pretend", in English, means "to feign" or "to simulate", differing from the Portuguese verb "pretender".
(__)The word "parents", in English, corresponds to relatives in general, including uncles and cousins, in equivalent use to the Portuguese term "parentes".
(__)The word "college", in English, corresponds to "colégio" in the sense of a secondary school of Basic Education, in equivalent use to the Portuguese term.
After analysis, choose the alternative that presents the correct sequence of the items above, from top to bottom:
I pretend to make a gripe. The lunch at the cafeteria has been disgusting. I hope you are sympathetic and support the students about this subject.
Have a terrific day!
All words in bold are false cognates. The word that is being used INCORRECTLY in the sentences above is
Consider a sentence below:
"Yesterday, the retired principal was here in the school library during lunch".
How many false cognates did you find in the sentence above?
1."We had a hot supper on the occasion, graced by the inevitable roast fowl, and we had some flip to finish with. We were all very low, and none the higher for pretending to be in spirits." (Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens).
2."The surgeon deposited it in her arms. She imprinted her cold white lips passionately on its forehead; passed her hands over her face; gazed wildly round; shuddered; fell back-- and died. They chafed her breast, hands, and temples; but the blood had stopped forever". (Oliver Twist, by Charles Dickens)
3."Mortimer had stayed to dinner, and he and the baronet played écarté afterwards. The butler brought me my coffee into the library, and I took the chance to ask him a few questions". (The Hound of the Baskervilles, by Sir Arthur Doyle).
In every quote, a false cognate can be found. Which ones are they?
I. In Portuguese, "publicidade" often means advertislng paid for by a company.
II. In English, publicity can be free/earned media, including news coverage or viral attention.
III. In this case "publicidade / publicity" is a false friend, but in a nuanced way, not a 100 % "opposite meaning" one.
The CORRECT statements are
Consider a sentence below:
"Actually, I intend to install an antenna on the balcony of my apartment".
How many false cognates did you find in the sentence above?
Consider a sentence below:
"According to some physicians, chelated silicon is a mineral supplement indicated for the skin and nails".
How many false cognates did you find in the sentence above?
(__) Collocations são combinações habituais de palavras que soam naturais para falantes nativos, como o uso de "make" em "make a mistake" e "do" em "do homework".
(__) Um campo semântico refere-se a um grupo de palavras que compartilham um tema comum, como "physician," "nurse," e "surgeon" dentro do campo da medicina.
(__) O fenômeno dos "false cognates" descreve palavras que possuem ortografia semelhante em inglês e português e que compartilham exatamente o mesmo significado em qualquer contexto.
(__) A fixidez das collocations permite que o falante substitua livremente os termos por sinônimos dicionarizados sem alterar a naturalidade ou a correção idiomática da frase.
Após análise, assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência CORRETA dos itens acima, de cima para baixo:
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