Questões de Vestibular Sobre inglês
Foram encontradas 6.453 questões
Q1335824
Inglês
Disponível em: <https://cartoonstock.com>. Acesso em: mai. 2018.
Considering the reduction of pandemic influenza transmission, this cartoon focus on
Q1335823
Inglês
Texto associado
Can our technological connectedness
trump the risks of our biological and geographic
connectedness? That’s one reason Nathan Wolfe
has pushed GVF (Globe Viral Forecasting) to pioneer
what he calls digital epidemiology, which uses the
resources of the Internet to make predictive sense of
the viral chatter picked up in the field. He and his
team are setting up a bioinformatics strategy that
could mine data from Internet searches and social
media to pinpoint new outbreaks as they dawn – and
potentially predict which newly discovered viruses
might pose real threats to humanity. That work is
culminating in a project called Epidemic IQ that
will, Wolfe hopes, provide the ability to predict new
pandemics the way the CIA might predict a terrorist
attack.
Current global disease control efforts focus
largely on attempting to stop pandemics after they
have already emerged. This fire brigade approach,
which generally involves drugs, vaccines, and
behavioral change, has severe limitations. Just as
we discovered in the 1960s that it is better to prevent
heart attacks than try to treat them, we realize that
it’s better to stop pandemics before they spread and
that effort should increasingly be focused on viral
forecasting and pandemic prevention.
“We’re finally beginning to understand why
pandemics happen instead of just reacting to them”,
Wolfe says. What’s needed is a global effort to scale
up that kind of proactive work to ensure that every
hot spot has surveillance running for new pathogens
in animals and in human beings and that it has
its own GVF-type group to do the work. Viruses
don’t respect borders – whether between nations or
between species – and in a world where airlines act
like bloodlines, global health is only as strong as its
weakest link. We got lucky with the relatively weak
swine-flu pandemic in 2009, but history tells us our
luck won’t last. “We sit here dodging bullets left and
right, assuming we have an invisible shield”, says
Wolfe. “But you can’t dodge bullets forever.”
WALSH, Bryan.Virus hunter. Disponível em: <content.time.com/time/subscriber/l>. Acesso em: mai. 2018. Adaptado.
The expression in bold in the sentence “But you can’t dodge
bullets forever.” means that you can’t
Q1335822
Inglês
Texto associado
Can our technological connectedness
trump the risks of our biological and geographic
connectedness? That’s one reason Nathan Wolfe
has pushed GVF (Globe Viral Forecasting) to pioneer
what he calls digital epidemiology, which uses the
resources of the Internet to make predictive sense of
the viral chatter picked up in the field. He and his
team are setting up a bioinformatics strategy that
could mine data from Internet searches and social
media to pinpoint new outbreaks as they dawn – and
potentially predict which newly discovered viruses
might pose real threats to humanity. That work is
culminating in a project called Epidemic IQ that
will, Wolfe hopes, provide the ability to predict new
pandemics the way the CIA might predict a terrorist
attack.
Current global disease control efforts focus
largely on attempting to stop pandemics after they
have already emerged. This fire brigade approach,
which generally involves drugs, vaccines, and
behavioral change, has severe limitations. Just as
we discovered in the 1960s that it is better to prevent
heart attacks than try to treat them, we realize that
it’s better to stop pandemics before they spread and
that effort should increasingly be focused on viral
forecasting and pandemic prevention.
“We’re finally beginning to understand why
pandemics happen instead of just reacting to them”,
Wolfe says. What’s needed is a global effort to scale
up that kind of proactive work to ensure that every
hot spot has surveillance running for new pathogens
in animals and in human beings and that it has
its own GVF-type group to do the work. Viruses
don’t respect borders – whether between nations or
between species – and in a world where airlines act
like bloodlines, global health is only as strong as its
weakest link. We got lucky with the relatively weak
swine-flu pandemic in 2009, but history tells us our
luck won’t last. “We sit here dodging bullets left and
right, assuming we have an invisible shield”, says
Wolfe. “But you can’t dodge bullets forever.”
WALSH, Bryan.Virus hunter. Disponível em: <content.time.com/time/subscriber/l>. Acesso em: mai. 2018. Adaptado.
According to Wolfe, the most important thing to do when
dealing with pandemics is to
Q1335821
Inglês
Texto associado
Can our technological connectedness
trump the risks of our biological and geographic
connectedness? That’s one reason Nathan Wolfe
has pushed GVF (Globe Viral Forecasting) to pioneer
what he calls digital epidemiology, which uses the
resources of the Internet to make predictive sense of
the viral chatter picked up in the field. He and his
team are setting up a bioinformatics strategy that
could mine data from Internet searches and social
media to pinpoint new outbreaks as they dawn – and
potentially predict which newly discovered viruses
might pose real threats to humanity. That work is
culminating in a project called Epidemic IQ that
will, Wolfe hopes, provide the ability to predict new
pandemics the way the CIA might predict a terrorist
attack.
Current global disease control efforts focus
largely on attempting to stop pandemics after they
have already emerged. This fire brigade approach,
which generally involves drugs, vaccines, and
behavioral change, has severe limitations. Just as
we discovered in the 1960s that it is better to prevent
heart attacks than try to treat them, we realize that
it’s better to stop pandemics before they spread and
that effort should increasingly be focused on viral
forecasting and pandemic prevention.
“We’re finally beginning to understand why
pandemics happen instead of just reacting to them”,
Wolfe says. What’s needed is a global effort to scale
up that kind of proactive work to ensure that every
hot spot has surveillance running for new pathogens
in animals and in human beings and that it has
its own GVF-type group to do the work. Viruses
don’t respect borders – whether between nations or
between species – and in a world where airlines act
like bloodlines, global health is only as strong as its
weakest link. We got lucky with the relatively weak
swine-flu pandemic in 2009, but history tells us our
luck won’t last. “We sit here dodging bullets left and
right, assuming we have an invisible shield”, says
Wolfe. “But you can’t dodge bullets forever.”
WALSH, Bryan.Virus hunter. Disponível em: <content.time.com/time/subscriber/l>. Acesso em: mai. 2018. Adaptado.
The text says that, when dealing with pandemics nowadays,
public health officials try to
Q1335820
Inglês
Texto associado
Can our technological connectedness
trump the risks of our biological and geographic
connectedness? That’s one reason Nathan Wolfe
has pushed GVF (Globe Viral Forecasting) to pioneer
what he calls digital epidemiology, which uses the
resources of the Internet to make predictive sense of
the viral chatter picked up in the field. He and his
team are setting up a bioinformatics strategy that
could mine data from Internet searches and social
media to pinpoint new outbreaks as they dawn – and
potentially predict which newly discovered viruses
might pose real threats to humanity. That work is
culminating in a project called Epidemic IQ that
will, Wolfe hopes, provide the ability to predict new
pandemics the way the CIA might predict a terrorist
attack.
Current global disease control efforts focus
largely on attempting to stop pandemics after they
have already emerged. This fire brigade approach,
which generally involves drugs, vaccines, and
behavioral change, has severe limitations. Just as
we discovered in the 1960s that it is better to prevent
heart attacks than try to treat them, we realize that
it’s better to stop pandemics before they spread and
that effort should increasingly be focused on viral
forecasting and pandemic prevention.
“We’re finally beginning to understand why
pandemics happen instead of just reacting to them”,
Wolfe says. What’s needed is a global effort to scale
up that kind of proactive work to ensure that every
hot spot has surveillance running for new pathogens
in animals and in human beings and that it has
its own GVF-type group to do the work. Viruses
don’t respect borders – whether between nations or
between species – and in a world where airlines act
like bloodlines, global health is only as strong as its
weakest link. We got lucky with the relatively weak
swine-flu pandemic in 2009, but history tells us our
luck won’t last. “We sit here dodging bullets left and
right, assuming we have an invisible shield”, says
Wolfe. “But you can’t dodge bullets forever.”
WALSH, Bryan.Virus hunter. Disponível em: <content.time.com/time/subscriber/l>. Acesso em: mai. 2018. Adaptado.
Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False).
Considering the strategy set up by Nathan Wolfe and his team
to handle the problem of pandemics, it’s correct to say that
they aim to
( ) ignore the next pandemics before it happens. ( ) make the most of the Internet resources so as to better deal with them. ( ) detect potential lethal viruses at their source. ( ) disregard any information gotten through social media.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is
( ) ignore the next pandemics before it happens. ( ) make the most of the Internet resources so as to better deal with them. ( ) detect potential lethal viruses at their source. ( ) disregard any information gotten through social media.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is
Ano: 2018
Banca:
EBMSP
Órgão:
EBMSP
Prova:
EBMSP - 2018 - EBMSP - Prosef - 2018.2 - Medicina - 1ª Fase |
Q1334924
Inglês
Texto associado
Questão
The aim of mindfulness is not quieting the mind, or attempting to achieve a state of eternal calm. The goal is simple: we’re aiming to pay attention to the present moment, without judgment. Easier said than done, we know. When we notice judgments arise during our practice, we can make a mental note of them, and let them pass. Return to observing the present moment as it is. That’s the practice. The work is to just keep doing it. Results will accrue.
The aim of mindfulness is not quieting the mind, or attempting to achieve a state of eternal calm. The goal is simple: we’re aiming to pay attention to the present moment, without judgment. Easier said than done, we know. When we notice judgments arise during our practice, we can make a mental note of them, and let them pass. Return to observing the present moment as it is. That’s the practice. The work is to just keep doing it. Results will accrue.
Disponível em:<https://www.mindful.org/what-is-mindfulness/> . Acesso em:
abr. 2018. Adaptado.
The suitable definition of the phrase “Easier said than done” is
Ano: 2018
Banca:
EBMSP
Órgão:
EBMSP
Prova:
EBMSP - 2018 - EBMSP - Prosef - 2018.2 - Medicina - 1ª Fase |
Q1334923
Inglês
Texto associado
Questão
The aim of mindfulness is not quieting the mind, or attempting to achieve a state of eternal calm. The goal is simple: we’re aiming to pay attention to the present moment, without judgment. Easier said than done, we know. When we notice judgments arise during our practice, we can make a mental note of them, and let them pass. Return to observing the present moment as it is. That’s the practice. The work is to just keep doing it. Results will accrue.
The aim of mindfulness is not quieting the mind, or attempting to achieve a state of eternal calm. The goal is simple: we’re aiming to pay attention to the present moment, without judgment. Easier said than done, we know. When we notice judgments arise during our practice, we can make a mental note of them, and let them pass. Return to observing the present moment as it is. That’s the practice. The work is to just keep doing it. Results will accrue.
Disponível em:<https://www.mindful.org/what-is-mindfulness/> . Acesso em:
abr. 2018. Adaptado.
According to the text, mindfulness emphasizes that we should
try to
Ano: 2018
Banca:
EBMSP
Órgão:
EBMSP
Prova:
EBMSP - 2018 - EBMSP - Prosef - 2018.2 - Medicina - 1ª Fase |
Q1334922
Inglês
Texto associado
Questão
Big U.S. tobacco companies are all developing e-cigarettes. The battery-powered gadgets feature a glowing tip and a heating element that turns liquid nicotine and flavorings into a cloud of vapor that users inhale. Some past research has suggested that using e-cigarettes may help smokers cut down on use of traditional tobacco products, or even transition entirely away from tobacco – an idea aggressively marketed by e-cigarette and tobacco companies.
Big U.S. tobacco companies are all developing e-cigarettes. The battery-powered gadgets feature a glowing tip and a heating element that turns liquid nicotine and flavorings into a cloud of vapor that users inhale. Some past research has suggested that using e-cigarettes may help smokers cut down on use of traditional tobacco products, or even transition entirely away from tobacco – an idea aggressively marketed by e-cigarette and tobacco companies.
But a recent European study says that smokers
who also use e-cigarettes may be half as likely to
give up tobacco as smokers who never vape at all.
Researchers analyzed data from a 2014 survey of more than 13,000 current or former smokers in the European Union. About 2,500 had tried vaping at least once; 46% of the participants were former smokers and 19% currently or previously used e-cigarettes. The study revealed that people smoked an average of about 14 cigarettes a day when they didn’t vape, and around 16 cigarettes a day when they did.
Researchers analyzed data from a 2014 survey of more than 13,000 current or former smokers in the European Union. About 2,500 had tried vaping at least once; 46% of the participants were former smokers and 19% currently or previously used e-cigarettes. The study revealed that people smoked an average of about 14 cigarettes a day when they didn’t vape, and around 16 cigarettes a day when they did.
“This is important because e-cigarettes are
widely promoted as a smoking cessation tool”, said
senior author Stanton Glantz of California, San
Francisco. “And, while there is no question that
some smokers do successfully quit with e-cigarettes,
they keep many more people smoking”, he added.
“Most adult smokers express a desire to quit,
and many try and fail”, said Samir Soneji, a health
policy researcher in New Hampshire. “E-cigarettes
might seem like an appealing cessation tool because
the devices in some ways mimic the smoking, but
nicotine gum or patches may be more effective.”
RAPAPORT, Lisa. Disponível em: <http://www.foxnews.com>. Acesso em: abr.
2018. Adaptado.
About the role of e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool,
the study has found out that e-cigarette users
Ano: 2018
Banca:
EBMSP
Órgão:
EBMSP
Prova:
EBMSP - 2018 - EBMSP - Prosef - 2018.2 - Medicina - 1ª Fase |
Q1334921
Inglês
Texto associado
Questão
Big U.S. tobacco companies are all developing e-cigarettes. The battery-powered gadgets feature a glowing tip and a heating element that turns liquid nicotine and flavorings into a cloud of vapor that users inhale. Some past research has suggested that using e-cigarettes may help smokers cut down on use of traditional tobacco products, or even transition entirely away from tobacco – an idea aggressively marketed by e-cigarette and tobacco companies.
Big U.S. tobacco companies are all developing e-cigarettes. The battery-powered gadgets feature a glowing tip and a heating element that turns liquid nicotine and flavorings into a cloud of vapor that users inhale. Some past research has suggested that using e-cigarettes may help smokers cut down on use of traditional tobacco products, or even transition entirely away from tobacco – an idea aggressively marketed by e-cigarette and tobacco companies.
But a recent European study says that smokers
who also use e-cigarettes may be half as likely to
give up tobacco as smokers who never vape at all.
Researchers analyzed data from a 2014 survey of more than 13,000 current or former smokers in the European Union. About 2,500 had tried vaping at least once; 46% of the participants were former smokers and 19% currently or previously used e-cigarettes. The study revealed that people smoked an average of about 14 cigarettes a day when they didn’t vape, and around 16 cigarettes a day when they did.
Researchers analyzed data from a 2014 survey of more than 13,000 current or former smokers in the European Union. About 2,500 had tried vaping at least once; 46% of the participants were former smokers and 19% currently or previously used e-cigarettes. The study revealed that people smoked an average of about 14 cigarettes a day when they didn’t vape, and around 16 cigarettes a day when they did.
“This is important because e-cigarettes are
widely promoted as a smoking cessation tool”, said
senior author Stanton Glantz of California, San
Francisco. “And, while there is no question that
some smokers do successfully quit with e-cigarettes,
they keep many more people smoking”, he added.
“Most adult smokers express a desire to quit,
and many try and fail”, said Samir Soneji, a health
policy researcher in New Hampshire. “E-cigarettes
might seem like an appealing cessation tool because
the devices in some ways mimic the smoking, but
nicotine gum or patches may be more effective.”
RAPAPORT, Lisa. Disponível em: <http://www.foxnews.com>. Acesso em: abr.
2018. Adaptado.
Considering the recent European study about e-cigarettes,
fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False).
( ) Over thirteen thousand people took part in the survey. ( ) All the participants had been cigarette smokers at some point. ( ) The smokers in the study used more cigarettes a day when they vaped. ( ) None of the participants had tried e-cigarettes before the survey.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is
( ) Over thirteen thousand people took part in the survey. ( ) All the participants had been cigarette smokers at some point. ( ) The smokers in the study used more cigarettes a day when they vaped. ( ) None of the participants had tried e-cigarettes before the survey.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is
Ano: 2018
Banca:
EBMSP
Órgão:
EBMSP
Prova:
EBMSP - 2018 - EBMSP - Prosef - 2018.2 - Medicina - 1ª Fase |
Q1334920
Inglês
Texto associado
Questão
Big U.S. tobacco companies are all developing e-cigarettes. The battery-powered gadgets feature a glowing tip and a heating element that turns liquid nicotine and flavorings into a cloud of vapor that users inhale. Some past research has suggested that using e-cigarettes may help smokers cut down on use of traditional tobacco products, or even transition entirely away from tobacco – an idea aggressively marketed by e-cigarette and tobacco companies.
Big U.S. tobacco companies are all developing e-cigarettes. The battery-powered gadgets feature a glowing tip and a heating element that turns liquid nicotine and flavorings into a cloud of vapor that users inhale. Some past research has suggested that using e-cigarettes may help smokers cut down on use of traditional tobacco products, or even transition entirely away from tobacco – an idea aggressively marketed by e-cigarette and tobacco companies.
But a recent European study says that smokers
who also use e-cigarettes may be half as likely to
give up tobacco as smokers who never vape at all.
Researchers analyzed data from a 2014 survey of more than 13,000 current or former smokers in the European Union. About 2,500 had tried vaping at least once; 46% of the participants were former smokers and 19% currently or previously used e-cigarettes. The study revealed that people smoked an average of about 14 cigarettes a day when they didn’t vape, and around 16 cigarettes a day when they did.
Researchers analyzed data from a 2014 survey of more than 13,000 current or former smokers in the European Union. About 2,500 had tried vaping at least once; 46% of the participants were former smokers and 19% currently or previously used e-cigarettes. The study revealed that people smoked an average of about 14 cigarettes a day when they didn’t vape, and around 16 cigarettes a day when they did.
“This is important because e-cigarettes are
widely promoted as a smoking cessation tool”, said
senior author Stanton Glantz of California, San
Francisco. “And, while there is no question that
some smokers do successfully quit with e-cigarettes,
they keep many more people smoking”, he added.
“Most adult smokers express a desire to quit,
and many try and fail”, said Samir Soneji, a health
policy researcher in New Hampshire. “E-cigarettes
might seem like an appealing cessation tool because
the devices in some ways mimic the smoking, but
nicotine gum or patches may be more effective.”
RAPAPORT, Lisa. Disponível em: <http://www.foxnews.com>. Acesso em: abr.
2018. Adaptado.
About e-cigarettes, it’s correct to say that they
Ano: 2018
Banca:
EBMSP
Órgão:
EBMSP
Prova:
EBMSP - 2018 - EBMSP - Prosef - 2019.1 - Medicina - 1ª Fase |
Q1334854
Inglês
Texto associado
Questão
A new study published in Current Biology is
investigating why you get poor sleep in unfamiliar
places. It suggests that when people sleep in an
unfamiliar place, one hemisphere of the brain stays
more awake as a way to keep watch for potential
danger possibly a remnant of the days when Homo
sapiens had to guard their territory every night.
This phenomenon is known as unihemispheric slow-wave sleep, and it’s seen in marine animals and some birds. This is the first study to suggest that the human brain may also be hard-wired to function in a similar way, although on a smaller scale. Humans, unlike sparrows, don’t usually sleep with one eye open. However, when in new surroundings, one hemisphere of the brain may stay at least a little bit awake – great for waking quickly if an intruder shows up, but with a resulting groggy feeling the next morning.
The group of researchers recruited sleep study participants, and conducted neuroimaging along with polysomnography, a standard test used in sleep labs to monitor brain waves, oxygen level in blood, heart rate, breathing, and eye and leg movements. They discovered that only the brain’s right hemisphere was consistently engaged in slow-wave, or deep, sleep. The left hemisphere – the side responsible for logical thinking and reasoning – had what the researchers called “enhanced vigilance”, which also made the entire brain more responsive to sound.
The researchers tried a test where they targeted sounds to the left and right ear. They found that on the first night, 80 percent of the arousals from deep sleep occurred when sound was made to target the right ear (the brain’s left hemisphere). On day two, that number dropped to about 50 percent.
This phenomenon is known as unihemispheric slow-wave sleep, and it’s seen in marine animals and some birds. This is the first study to suggest that the human brain may also be hard-wired to function in a similar way, although on a smaller scale. Humans, unlike sparrows, don’t usually sleep with one eye open. However, when in new surroundings, one hemisphere of the brain may stay at least a little bit awake – great for waking quickly if an intruder shows up, but with a resulting groggy feeling the next morning.
The group of researchers recruited sleep study participants, and conducted neuroimaging along with polysomnography, a standard test used in sleep labs to monitor brain waves, oxygen level in blood, heart rate, breathing, and eye and leg movements. They discovered that only the brain’s right hemisphere was consistently engaged in slow-wave, or deep, sleep. The left hemisphere – the side responsible for logical thinking and reasoning – had what the researchers called “enhanced vigilance”, which also made the entire brain more responsive to sound.
The researchers tried a test where they targeted sounds to the left and right ear. They found that on the first night, 80 percent of the arousals from deep sleep occurred when sound was made to target the right ear (the brain’s left hemisphere). On day two, that number dropped to about 50 percent.
FIRGER, Jessica. Disponível em: <http://www.newsweek.com/authors/ jessica-figer>. Acesso em: set. 2018. Adaptado.
The word or expression from the text has not been correctly
defined in
Ano: 2018
Banca:
EBMSP
Órgão:
EBMSP
Prova:
EBMSP - 2018 - EBMSP - Prosef - 2019.1 - Medicina - 1ª Fase |
Q1334853
Inglês
Texto associado
Questão
A new study published in Current Biology is
investigating why you get poor sleep in unfamiliar
places. It suggests that when people sleep in an
unfamiliar place, one hemisphere of the brain stays
more awake as a way to keep watch for potential
danger possibly a remnant of the days when Homo
sapiens had to guard their territory every night.
This phenomenon is known as unihemispheric slow-wave sleep, and it’s seen in marine animals and some birds. This is the first study to suggest that the human brain may also be hard-wired to function in a similar way, although on a smaller scale. Humans, unlike sparrows, don’t usually sleep with one eye open. However, when in new surroundings, one hemisphere of the brain may stay at least a little bit awake – great for waking quickly if an intruder shows up, but with a resulting groggy feeling the next morning.
The group of researchers recruited sleep study participants, and conducted neuroimaging along with polysomnography, a standard test used in sleep labs to monitor brain waves, oxygen level in blood, heart rate, breathing, and eye and leg movements. They discovered that only the brain’s right hemisphere was consistently engaged in slow-wave, or deep, sleep. The left hemisphere – the side responsible for logical thinking and reasoning – had what the researchers called “enhanced vigilance”, which also made the entire brain more responsive to sound.
The researchers tried a test where they targeted sounds to the left and right ear. They found that on the first night, 80 percent of the arousals from deep sleep occurred when sound was made to target the right ear (the brain’s left hemisphere). On day two, that number dropped to about 50 percent.
This phenomenon is known as unihemispheric slow-wave sleep, and it’s seen in marine animals and some birds. This is the first study to suggest that the human brain may also be hard-wired to function in a similar way, although on a smaller scale. Humans, unlike sparrows, don’t usually sleep with one eye open. However, when in new surroundings, one hemisphere of the brain may stay at least a little bit awake – great for waking quickly if an intruder shows up, but with a resulting groggy feeling the next morning.
The group of researchers recruited sleep study participants, and conducted neuroimaging along with polysomnography, a standard test used in sleep labs to monitor brain waves, oxygen level in blood, heart rate, breathing, and eye and leg movements. They discovered that only the brain’s right hemisphere was consistently engaged in slow-wave, or deep, sleep. The left hemisphere – the side responsible for logical thinking and reasoning – had what the researchers called “enhanced vigilance”, which also made the entire brain more responsive to sound.
The researchers tried a test where they targeted sounds to the left and right ear. They found that on the first night, 80 percent of the arousals from deep sleep occurred when sound was made to target the right ear (the brain’s left hemisphere). On day two, that number dropped to about 50 percent.
FIRGER, Jessica. Disponível em: <http://www.newsweek.com/authors/ jessica-figer>. Acesso em: set. 2018. Adaptado.
The scientists found out that
Ano: 2018
Banca:
EBMSP
Órgão:
EBMSP
Prova:
EBMSP - 2018 - EBMSP - Prosef - 2019.1 - Medicina - 1ª Fase |
Q1334852
Inglês
Texto associado
Questão
A new study published in Current Biology is
investigating why you get poor sleep in unfamiliar
places. It suggests that when people sleep in an
unfamiliar place, one hemisphere of the brain stays
more awake as a way to keep watch for potential
danger possibly a remnant of the days when Homo
sapiens had to guard their territory every night.
This phenomenon is known as unihemispheric slow-wave sleep, and it’s seen in marine animals and some birds. This is the first study to suggest that the human brain may also be hard-wired to function in a similar way, although on a smaller scale. Humans, unlike sparrows, don’t usually sleep with one eye open. However, when in new surroundings, one hemisphere of the brain may stay at least a little bit awake – great for waking quickly if an intruder shows up, but with a resulting groggy feeling the next morning.
The group of researchers recruited sleep study participants, and conducted neuroimaging along with polysomnography, a standard test used in sleep labs to monitor brain waves, oxygen level in blood, heart rate, breathing, and eye and leg movements. They discovered that only the brain’s right hemisphere was consistently engaged in slow-wave, or deep, sleep. The left hemisphere – the side responsible for logical thinking and reasoning – had what the researchers called “enhanced vigilance”, which also made the entire brain more responsive to sound.
The researchers tried a test where they targeted sounds to the left and right ear. They found that on the first night, 80 percent of the arousals from deep sleep occurred when sound was made to target the right ear (the brain’s left hemisphere). On day two, that number dropped to about 50 percent.
This phenomenon is known as unihemispheric slow-wave sleep, and it’s seen in marine animals and some birds. This is the first study to suggest that the human brain may also be hard-wired to function in a similar way, although on a smaller scale. Humans, unlike sparrows, don’t usually sleep with one eye open. However, when in new surroundings, one hemisphere of the brain may stay at least a little bit awake – great for waking quickly if an intruder shows up, but with a resulting groggy feeling the next morning.
The group of researchers recruited sleep study participants, and conducted neuroimaging along with polysomnography, a standard test used in sleep labs to monitor brain waves, oxygen level in blood, heart rate, breathing, and eye and leg movements. They discovered that only the brain’s right hemisphere was consistently engaged in slow-wave, or deep, sleep. The left hemisphere – the side responsible for logical thinking and reasoning – had what the researchers called “enhanced vigilance”, which also made the entire brain more responsive to sound.
The researchers tried a test where they targeted sounds to the left and right ear. They found that on the first night, 80 percent of the arousals from deep sleep occurred when sound was made to target the right ear (the brain’s left hemisphere). On day two, that number dropped to about 50 percent.
FIRGER, Jessica. Disponível em: <http://www.newsweek.com/authors/ jessica-figer>. Acesso em: set. 2018. Adaptado.
In order to monitor the participants’ brains, the researchers
Ano: 2018
Banca:
EBMSP
Órgão:
EBMSP
Prova:
EBMSP - 2018 - EBMSP - Prosef - 2019.1 - Medicina - 1ª Fase |
Q1334851
Inglês
Texto associado
Questão
A new study published in Current Biology is
investigating why you get poor sleep in unfamiliar
places. It suggests that when people sleep in an
unfamiliar place, one hemisphere of the brain stays
more awake as a way to keep watch for potential
danger possibly a remnant of the days when Homo
sapiens had to guard their territory every night.
This phenomenon is known as unihemispheric slow-wave sleep, and it’s seen in marine animals and some birds. This is the first study to suggest that the human brain may also be hard-wired to function in a similar way, although on a smaller scale. Humans, unlike sparrows, don’t usually sleep with one eye open. However, when in new surroundings, one hemisphere of the brain may stay at least a little bit awake – great for waking quickly if an intruder shows up, but with a resulting groggy feeling the next morning.
The group of researchers recruited sleep study participants, and conducted neuroimaging along with polysomnography, a standard test used in sleep labs to monitor brain waves, oxygen level in blood, heart rate, breathing, and eye and leg movements. They discovered that only the brain’s right hemisphere was consistently engaged in slow-wave, or deep, sleep. The left hemisphere – the side responsible for logical thinking and reasoning – had what the researchers called “enhanced vigilance”, which also made the entire brain more responsive to sound.
The researchers tried a test where they targeted sounds to the left and right ear. They found that on the first night, 80 percent of the arousals from deep sleep occurred when sound was made to target the right ear (the brain’s left hemisphere). On day two, that number dropped to about 50 percent.
This phenomenon is known as unihemispheric slow-wave sleep, and it’s seen in marine animals and some birds. This is the first study to suggest that the human brain may also be hard-wired to function in a similar way, although on a smaller scale. Humans, unlike sparrows, don’t usually sleep with one eye open. However, when in new surroundings, one hemisphere of the brain may stay at least a little bit awake – great for waking quickly if an intruder shows up, but with a resulting groggy feeling the next morning.
The group of researchers recruited sleep study participants, and conducted neuroimaging along with polysomnography, a standard test used in sleep labs to monitor brain waves, oxygen level in blood, heart rate, breathing, and eye and leg movements. They discovered that only the brain’s right hemisphere was consistently engaged in slow-wave, or deep, sleep. The left hemisphere – the side responsible for logical thinking and reasoning – had what the researchers called “enhanced vigilance”, which also made the entire brain more responsive to sound.
The researchers tried a test where they targeted sounds to the left and right ear. They found that on the first night, 80 percent of the arousals from deep sleep occurred when sound was made to target the right ear (the brain’s left hemisphere). On day two, that number dropped to about 50 percent.
FIRGER, Jessica. Disponível em: <http://www.newsweek.com/authors/ jessica-figer>. Acesso em: set. 2018. Adaptado.
According to the text, fill in the parentheses with T (True) or
F (False).
The study mentioned in the text says that, when we sleep in a new location,
( ) half of our brain may remain alert.
( ) we behave exactly like sparrows.
( ) the left hemisphere of our brain is less asleep than the right.
( ) our brain’s vigilance is a way to protect us from unknown dangers.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is
The study mentioned in the text says that, when we sleep in a new location,
( ) half of our brain may remain alert.
( ) we behave exactly like sparrows.
( ) the left hemisphere of our brain is less asleep than the right.
( ) our brain’s vigilance is a way to protect us from unknown dangers.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is
Ano: 2018
Banca:
EBMSP
Órgão:
EBMSP
Prova:
EBMSP - 2018 - EBMSP - Prosef - 2019.1 - Medicina - 1ª Fase |
Q1334850
Inglês
Disponível em: <https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/26963-if-you-can-t-flythen-run-if-you-can-t-run>. Acesso em: set. 2018.According to this quote by Martin Luther King Jr.
Ano: 2018
Banca:
ASPEUR
Órgão:
FEEVALE
Prova:
ASPEUR - 2018 - FEEVALE - Vestibular de Verão - Prova Objetiva |
Q1333976
Inglês
The word “marginalized” (line 7) CANNOT be replaced by
Ano: 2018
Banca:
ASPEUR
Órgão:
FEEVALE
Prova:
ASPEUR - 2018 - FEEVALE - Vestibular de Verão - Prova Objetiva |
Q1333975
Inglês
Choose the alternative that indicates the same verb tense as in “Pimp My Carroça took to the streets of São Paulo,
Rio de Janeiro and Curitiba” (line 17).
Ano: 2018
Banca:
ASPEUR
Órgão:
FEEVALE
Prova:
ASPEUR - 2018 - FEEVALE - Vestibular de Verão - Prova Objetiva |
Q1333974
Inglês
Considering the sentence “They provide a heavy, honest and essential work that benefits the entire population.”,
(lines 3-4), the word honest can be replaced without changing meaning by
Ano: 2018
Banca:
ASPEUR
Órgão:
FEEVALE
Prova:
ASPEUR - 2018 - FEEVALE - Vestibular de Verão - Prova Objetiva |
Q1333973
Inglês
Com base no texto, considere verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F) as afirmações que seguem.
( ) A maioria dos catadores é autônomo e coleta lixo das ruas para vender aos depósitos de sucatas, geralmente a preços baixos.
( ) Grafiteiros são artistas que somente pintam muros nas grandes capitais.
( ) Os catadores são invisíveis, exclusivamente, na sociedade brasileira.
Marque a alternativa que preenche corretamente os parênteses, de cima para baixo.
Ano: 2018
Banca:
ASPEUR
Órgão:
FEEVALE
Prova:
ASPEUR - 2018 - FEEVALE - Vestibular de Verão - Prova Objetiva |
Q1333972
Inglês
Sobre o texto, fazem-se as seguintes afirmações.
I- Os super-heróis também existem na vida real.
II- Os catadores brasileiros não são essenciais à população.
III- A desigualdade social, o desemprego e o lixo em abundância fizeram surgir a ocupação de catadores no Brasil.
Marque a alternativa correta.
Conheça nossos planos