Questões de Vestibular
Comentadas sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês
Foram encontradas 2.261 questões
Ano: 2025
Banca:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos)
Órgão:
EMESCAM
Prova:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos) - 2025 - EMESCAM - Vestibular Medicina - Primeiro Semestre |
Q3747659
Inglês
Read the following text.
Henry Lester, professor of biology at Caltech, discusses the effects of nicotine addiction on the brain.
Tobacco originated in the Americas, where humans have known some of its effects for at least 10,000 years. Beginning some 500 years ago, ocean crossings spread tobacco use to all other continents. We are essentially the only species that has learned how to use small amounts of plant toxins — which provide the selective advantage of sickening or poisoning animals who might eat them — for our own purposes. For tobacco, that toxin is nicotine. In addition to their historical medicinal and ritual uses, these substances, over time, have come to serve as guides, models, and touchstones for learning about the brain and opening many fields of neuroscience.
We have learned from tobacco and nicotine that it is possible to isolate single chemicals from plants that cause toxic effects on herbivores and valued effects on people. We’ve learned that it’s possible to define chemical processes in the human brain that are activated, inhibited, or otherwise manipulated by those substances.
Available at: https://scienceexchange.caltech.edu/topics/neuroscience/neuroscience-experts/nicotine-addictionneuroscience-henry-lester#what-happens-in-the-brain-when-people-smoke. Accessed on: Aug 1st, 2025.
According to the text, what is one of the main discoveries made from the study of tobacco and nicotine?
Henry Lester, professor of biology at Caltech, discusses the effects of nicotine addiction on the brain.
Tobacco originated in the Americas, where humans have known some of its effects for at least 10,000 years. Beginning some 500 years ago, ocean crossings spread tobacco use to all other continents. We are essentially the only species that has learned how to use small amounts of plant toxins — which provide the selective advantage of sickening or poisoning animals who might eat them — for our own purposes. For tobacco, that toxin is nicotine. In addition to their historical medicinal and ritual uses, these substances, over time, have come to serve as guides, models, and touchstones for learning about the brain and opening many fields of neuroscience.
We have learned from tobacco and nicotine that it is possible to isolate single chemicals from plants that cause toxic effects on herbivores and valued effects on people. We’ve learned that it’s possible to define chemical processes in the human brain that are activated, inhibited, or otherwise manipulated by those substances.
Available at: https://scienceexchange.caltech.edu/topics/neuroscience/neuroscience-experts/nicotine-addictionneuroscience-henry-lester#what-happens-in-the-brain-when-people-smoke. Accessed on: Aug 1st, 2025.
According to the text, what is one of the main discoveries made from the study of tobacco and nicotine?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos)
Órgão:
FAME
Prova:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos) - 2025 - FAME - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre - Medicina |
Q3747587
Inglês
Texto associado
INSTRUCTION: Read the following text to answer the questions.
What is fatal familial insomnia?
In the mid‑1980s, a family with a mysterious problem lived
in a small town in Italy. For many years, members of this
family had trouble sleeping, but no one knew why. One day,
a family member named Silvano decided to find out what
was causing this strange problem. Silvano traveled to the
city of Bologna to meet with the best sleep doctors. He told
them all about his family’s mystery.
The doctors were intrigued by Silvano’s story and
immediately began to study his case. After much research,
the doctors discovered something never seen before:
a tiny change in a special gene passed down from
generation to generation in Silvano’s family, which stopped
them from sleeping. They called this disease fatal familial
insomnia (FFI).
Fatal familial insomnia is an extremely rare disease.
Like many other rare diseases, FFI is passed on through
the DNA from parents to their children. The symptoms
of FFI start slowly and get worse over time. People with
FFI start to have difficulty falling and / or staying asleep,
and then, as it gets worse, they may suddenly fall
asleep without warning. People with FFI also tend to
develop other problems like a fast heartbeat; high blood
pressure; hormonal, mood and behavior swings; anxiety;
excessive sweating; and trouble thinking clearly and
moving their bodies. The symptoms usually start between
the ages of 51 and 60, although rarely they can start as
early as 18 – 20 years old. FFI affects both men and
women equally. To date, more than 70 families around the
world have been found to have FFI.
[...]
Although there is still no cure for FFI, research is
happening all over the world. Researchers are working to
find new pieces to help them solve the complex puzzle of
FFI and to develop treatments that can improve the lives
of those affected. Ongoing research aims to understand
the underlying mechanisms of FFI, especially how genetic
mutations change healthy prion proteins into abnormal
ones and how the buildup of abnormal prions in the brain
causes FFI symptoms. This understanding is essential for
developing effective therapies.
Additionally, researchers are searching for biomarkers of
FFI. Biomarkers are things that can be measured through
blood tests or brain scans, for example, that indicate
the presence of a disease or the risk of developing it.
Biomarkers could help doctors to diagnose FFI earlier and
to track how it changes over time.
In terms of developing therapies for FFI, gene therapy is
a promising approach that aims to fix or replace defective
genes. Gene therapy could eventually improve patients’
quality of life. Researchers are also studying drugs that
might stop or slow down the buildup of PrPSc in the brain.
New drugs are first tested on animals to see if they work
and are safe, and drugs that pass these initial tests are
then tested on people. With effective new medicines,
it might be possible to slow down or even stop FFI.
Available at: https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frym.2025.1523273. Accessed on: Aug 4th, 2025. [Adapted]
The word although in the sentence “Although there is still
no cure for FFI, research is happening all over the world.”
refers to
Ano: 2025
Banca:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos)
Órgão:
FAME
Prova:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos) - 2025 - FAME - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre - Medicina |
Q3747586
Inglês
Texto associado
INSTRUCTION: Read the following text to answer the questions.
What is fatal familial insomnia?
In the mid‑1980s, a family with a mysterious problem lived
in a small town in Italy. For many years, members of this
family had trouble sleeping, but no one knew why. One day,
a family member named Silvano decided to find out what
was causing this strange problem. Silvano traveled to the
city of Bologna to meet with the best sleep doctors. He told
them all about his family’s mystery.
The doctors were intrigued by Silvano’s story and
immediately began to study his case. After much research,
the doctors discovered something never seen before:
a tiny change in a special gene passed down from
generation to generation in Silvano’s family, which stopped
them from sleeping. They called this disease fatal familial
insomnia (FFI).
Fatal familial insomnia is an extremely rare disease.
Like many other rare diseases, FFI is passed on through
the DNA from parents to their children. The symptoms
of FFI start slowly and get worse over time. People with
FFI start to have difficulty falling and / or staying asleep,
and then, as it gets worse, they may suddenly fall
asleep without warning. People with FFI also tend to
develop other problems like a fast heartbeat; high blood
pressure; hormonal, mood and behavior swings; anxiety;
excessive sweating; and trouble thinking clearly and
moving their bodies. The symptoms usually start between
the ages of 51 and 60, although rarely they can start as
early as 18 – 20 years old. FFI affects both men and
women equally. To date, more than 70 families around the
world have been found to have FFI.
[...]
Although there is still no cure for FFI, research is
happening all over the world. Researchers are working to
find new pieces to help them solve the complex puzzle of
FFI and to develop treatments that can improve the lives
of those affected. Ongoing research aims to understand
the underlying mechanisms of FFI, especially how genetic
mutations change healthy prion proteins into abnormal
ones and how the buildup of abnormal prions in the brain
causes FFI symptoms. This understanding is essential for
developing effective therapies.
Additionally, researchers are searching for biomarkers of
FFI. Biomarkers are things that can be measured through
blood tests or brain scans, for example, that indicate
the presence of a disease or the risk of developing it.
Biomarkers could help doctors to diagnose FFI earlier and
to track how it changes over time.
In terms of developing therapies for FFI, gene therapy is
a promising approach that aims to fix or replace defective
genes. Gene therapy could eventually improve patients’
quality of life. Researchers are also studying drugs that
might stop or slow down the buildup of PrPSc in the brain.
New drugs are first tested on animals to see if they work
and are safe, and drugs that pass these initial tests are
then tested on people. With effective new medicines,
it might be possible to slow down or even stop FFI.
Available at: https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frym.2025.1523273. Accessed on: Aug 4th, 2025. [Adapted]
Referring to the text, what is the primary cause of fatal
familial insomnia (FFI)?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos)
Órgão:
FAME
Prova:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos) - 2025 - FAME - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre - Medicina |
Q3747585
Inglês
Texto associado
INSTRUCTION: Read the following text to answer the question.
Abstract
Rare diseases are diseases that affect fewer than 1 in 2,000 people. Due to their rarity, it can be extremely challenging for doctors to diagnose these diseases in their patients — it often takes 6 – 8 years for some patients to get a diagnosis. Even though they are uncommon, rare diseases still have a significant impact on families and communities and need greater attention. Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) is a rare disease that affects the brain and gradually reduces a person’s ability to sleep. FFI gets worse over time and causes severe complications. There is currently no cure for FFI, so more research is crucial — not only for understanding FFI but also for unlocking potential treatments for other rare diseases. Rare disease research brings hope for a better future to those living with FFI and other rare conditions.
Available at: https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frym.2025.1523273. Accessed on: Aug 2nd, 2025.
As used in the abstract, what is the best definition for the
word diagnose?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos)
Órgão:
FAME
Prova:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos) - 2025 - FAME - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre - Medicina |
Q3747584
Inglês
Texto associado
INSTRUCTION: Read the following text to answer the question.
Abstract
Rare diseases are diseases that affect fewer than 1 in 2,000 people. Due to their rarity, it can be extremely challenging for doctors to diagnose these diseases in their patients — it often takes 6 – 8 years for some patients to get a diagnosis. Even though they are uncommon, rare diseases still have a significant impact on families and communities and need greater attention. Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) is a rare disease that affects the brain and gradually reduces a person’s ability to sleep. FFI gets worse over time and causes severe complications. There is currently no cure for FFI, so more research is crucial — not only for understanding FFI but also for unlocking potential treatments for other rare diseases. Rare disease research brings hope for a better future to those living with FFI and other rare conditions.
Available at: https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frym.2025.1523273. Accessed on: Aug 2nd, 2025.
Which of the following is the best summary of the abstract?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
IPEFAE
Órgão:
UNIFAE - SP
Prova:
IPEFAE - 2025 - UNIFAE - SP - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q3729490
Inglês
Texto associado
UNICEF reports that, for the first time, global
childhood obesity has surpassed underweight rates, with
one in ten school-aged children now obese, about 188
million worldwide. Meanwhile, one in five children under
19 years old globally, or 391 million, is overweight.
Kids are considered overweight if they carry
excess weight for their age, sex and height, while obesity
is a more severe form that greatly increases the risk of
serious health problems later in life. Between year 2000
and 2022, obesity rates among those aged 5 to 19 more
than tripled from 3% to 9.4%, while underweight cases
fell.
The shift is driven by the rise of ultra-processed
foods, which are replacing fruits, vegetables and
proteins. Obesity hotspots are emerging worldwide,
especially in low and middle-income countries still
battling undernutrition, while wealthy nations like the
United States, United Arab Emirates and Chile also show
high rates. Pacific Island nations face the highest
prevalence, with up to 40% of youth obese.
The crisis is fueled by aggressive junk food
marketing, with 75% of children exposed weekly. Obesity
raises risks of diabetes, heart disease and cancer.
UNICEF is calling for urgent restrictions on unhealthy
food marketing and school bans, warning of severe
health impacts for the next generation.
Fox News. Deirdre Bardolf. 13 Sep 2025. Adapted.
Which of the following factors is identified as a main
cause of the global rise in childhood obesity?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
IPEFAE
Órgão:
UNIFAE - SP
Prova:
IPEFAE - 2025 - UNIFAE - SP - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q3729489
Inglês
Texto associado
UNICEF reports that, for the first time, global
childhood obesity has surpassed underweight rates, with
one in ten school-aged children now obese, about 188
million worldwide. Meanwhile, one in five children under
19 years old globally, or 391 million, is overweight.
Kids are considered overweight if they carry
excess weight for their age, sex and height, while obesity
is a more severe form that greatly increases the risk of
serious health problems later in life. Between year 2000
and 2022, obesity rates among those aged 5 to 19 more
than tripled from 3% to 9.4%, while underweight cases
fell.
The shift is driven by the rise of ultra-processed
foods, which are replacing fruits, vegetables and
proteins. Obesity hotspots are emerging worldwide,
especially in low and middle-income countries still
battling undernutrition, while wealthy nations like the
United States, United Arab Emirates and Chile also show
high rates. Pacific Island nations face the highest
prevalence, with up to 40% of youth obese.
The crisis is fueled by aggressive junk food
marketing, with 75% of children exposed weekly. Obesity
raises risks of diabetes, heart disease and cancer.
UNICEF is calling for urgent restrictions on unhealthy
food marketing and school bans, warning of severe
health impacts for the next generation.
Fox News. Deirdre Bardolf. 13 Sep 2025. Adapted.
According to the text, how many school-aged children in
the world are obese?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
IPEFAE
Órgão:
UNIFAE - SP
Prova:
IPEFAE - 2025 - UNIFAE - SP - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q3729488
Inglês
Texto associado
UNICEF reports that, for the first time, global
childhood obesity has surpassed underweight rates, with
one in ten school-aged children now obese, about 188
million worldwide. Meanwhile, one in five children under
19 years old globally, or 391 million, is overweight.
Kids are considered overweight if they carry
excess weight for their age, sex and height, while obesity
is a more severe form that greatly increases the risk of
serious health problems later in life. Between year 2000
and 2022, obesity rates among those aged 5 to 19 more
than tripled from 3% to 9.4%, while underweight cases
fell.
The shift is driven by the rise of ultra-processed
foods, which are replacing fruits, vegetables and
proteins. Obesity hotspots are emerging worldwide,
especially in low and middle-income countries still
battling undernutrition, while wealthy nations like the
United States, United Arab Emirates and Chile also show
high rates. Pacific Island nations face the highest
prevalence, with up to 40% of youth obese.
The crisis is fueled by aggressive junk food
marketing, with 75% of children exposed weekly. Obesity
raises risks of diabetes, heart disease and cancer.
UNICEF is calling for urgent restrictions on unhealthy
food marketing and school bans, warning of severe
health impacts for the next generation.
Fox News. Deirdre Bardolf. 13 Sep 2025. Adapted.
According to UNICEF, what important change regarding
childhood obesity has recently occurred?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
IPEFAE
Órgão:
UNIFAE - SP
Prova:
IPEFAE - 2025 - UNIFAE - SP - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q3729487
Inglês
Texto associado
The British Medical Journal published a study
which showed that 1 billion young people were at risk of
hearing loss.
Researchers shared their analysis of data from
2000 to 2021 on unsafe listening practices. If the volume
is too loud for too long, headphones, a concert, or even a
restaurant could cause irreversible damage. Young
people are complaining about persistent ringing in their
ears, although their hearing tests look normal. However,
several years later, their hearing reduces.
The loud sounds damage sensory cells in the
cochlea, the snail-looking part in the inner ear. Once
these cells die, you can’t get them back. 85 decibels
sound like a blender, 100 decibels sound like a subway
train and 120 decibels sound like a concert or a siren.
According to experts, 85 decibels during a 40-
hour work week is the maximum safe limit. Just 2.5 hours
of 92 decibels can damage your ears. However, only one
episode of intense noise exposure can lead to lifelong
hearing loss.
Young people lose hearing. News in Levels. 06 Aug 2025. Adapted.
Which of the following statements best reflects the
underlying difficulty in effectively addressing hearing
loss risk among young individuals?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
IPEFAE
Órgão:
UNIFAE - SP
Prova:
IPEFAE - 2025 - UNIFAE - SP - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q3729486
Inglês
Texto associado
The British Medical Journal published a study
which showed that 1 billion young people were at risk of
hearing loss.
Researchers shared their analysis of data from
2000 to 2021 on unsafe listening practices. If the volume
is too loud for too long, headphones, a concert, or even a
restaurant could cause irreversible damage. Young
people are complaining about persistent ringing in their
ears, although their hearing tests look normal. However,
several years later, their hearing reduces.
The loud sounds damage sensory cells in the
cochlea, the snail-looking part in the inner ear. Once
these cells die, you can’t get them back. 85 decibels
sound like a blender, 100 decibels sound like a subway
train and 120 decibels sound like a concert or a siren.
According to experts, 85 decibels during a 40-
hour work week is the maximum safe limit. Just 2.5 hours
of 92 decibels can damage your ears. However, only one
episode of intense noise exposure can lead to lifelong
hearing loss.
Young people lose hearing. News in Levels. 06 Aug 2025. Adapted.
What is the main idea of the text?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
IPEFAE
Órgão:
UNIFAE - SP
Prova:
IPEFAE - 2025 - UNIFAE - SP - Vestibular - Vantagens |
Q3729460
Inglês
A doctor says to a patient: "You should rest for two
days."
What does the doctor want the patient to do?
What does the doctor want the patient to do?
Q3727659
Inglês
Texto associado
Recent research suggests that about one in
seven life-threatening allergic reactions are caused by
foods not currently listed on mandatory allergen labels.
Food allergies are rising, yet regulations, such as
the European Union’s 14-item allergen list from 2011,
have not been updated in years.
To identify overlooked triggers, Dominique
Sabouraud-Leclerc and colleagues analyzed 2999 cases
of food-induced anaphylaxis reported between 2002 and
2023 to the Allergy-Vigilance Network. They found that
goat or sheep milk, buckwheat, peas, lentils, pine nuts,
kiwi, apples, beehive products and alpha-gal (a sugar that
can trigger an allergy to red meat and other mammalian
products) were responsible for about 14% of reactions.
Goat and sheep cheese caused particularly severe
outcomes, including two deaths, and hidden exposures in
processed foods increased risks.
Based on these findings, the researchers
recommend adding goat and sheep milk products, peas,
lentils, buckwheat and pine nuts to Europe’s mandatory
allergen labelling. They argue that clearer information is
crucial for protecting allergic individuals and could
inspire broader international policy updates.
New Scientist. Christa Lesté-Lasserre. 20 Aug 2025. Adapted.
Which of the following best captures the implicit
argument the researchers are making regarding allergen
regulation?
Q3727658
Inglês
Texto associado
Recent research suggests that about one in
seven life-threatening allergic reactions are caused by
foods not currently listed on mandatory allergen labels.
Food allergies are rising, yet regulations, such as
the European Union’s 14-item allergen list from 2011,
have not been updated in years.
To identify overlooked triggers, Dominique
Sabouraud-Leclerc and colleagues analyzed 2999 cases
of food-induced anaphylaxis reported between 2002 and
2023 to the Allergy-Vigilance Network. They found that
goat or sheep milk, buckwheat, peas, lentils, pine nuts,
kiwi, apples, beehive products and alpha-gal (a sugar that
can trigger an allergy to red meat and other mammalian
products) were responsible for about 14% of reactions.
Goat and sheep cheese caused particularly severe
outcomes, including two deaths, and hidden exposures in
processed foods increased risks.
Based on these findings, the researchers
recommend adding goat and sheep milk products, peas,
lentils, buckwheat and pine nuts to Europe’s mandatory
allergen labelling. They argue that clearer information is
crucial for protecting allergic individuals and could
inspire broader international policy updates.
New Scientist. Christa Lesté-Lasserre. 20 Aug 2025. Adapted.
Which foods were found to cause the most severe
allergic reactions, including two deaths?
Q3727657
Inglês
Texto associado
For over 35 years, Rush University Medical
Center in Chicago, in United States of America, has been
helping infant patients and their families through a
volunteer cuddler program.
When families are away from the hospital’s
neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), volunteers comfort
infants with cuddles. Families can’t be in the hospital all
the time, but the babies had needs after they left. The
staff understood these needs and volunteer cuddlers
helped. A lot of the volunteers are parents whose children
were in the NICU before. After undergoing extensive
training, they are using their experiences and skills to
provide other parents a sense of relief and security.
Studies show that interactions like holding,
rocking, singing, reading and talking to the infants reduce
stress and pain, and they improve their overall physical
health.
Cuddlers help babies. News in Levels. 11 Aug 2025. Adapted.
Why do some volunteers have a unique perspective in
supporting the infants and families?
Q3727656
Inglês
Texto associado
For over 35 years, Rush University Medical
Center in Chicago, in United States of America, has been
helping infant patients and their families through a
volunteer cuddler program.
When families are away from the hospital’s
neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), volunteers comfort
infants with cuddles. Families can’t be in the hospital all
the time, but the babies had needs after they left. The
staff understood these needs and volunteer cuddlers
helped. A lot of the volunteers are parents whose children
were in the NICU before. After undergoing extensive
training, they are using their experiences and skills to
provide other parents a sense of relief and security.
Studies show that interactions like holding,
rocking, singing, reading and talking to the infants reduce
stress and pain, and they improve their overall physical
health.
Cuddlers help babies. News in Levels. 11 Aug 2025. Adapted.
What is the main purpose of the volunteer cuddler program at Rush University Medical Center?
Q3510575
Inglês
Leia os provérbios a seguir para responder à questão
1. Like father, like son.
2. The pen is mightier than the sword.
3. The early bird gets the worm.
4. The grass is always greener on the other side.
Fonte: engvid.com/english-resource/50-common-proverbs-sayings/. Acesso em: 28 mar. 2025.
Analysing the proverbs, it can be stated that
Ano: 2025
Banca:
UEG
Órgão:
UEG
Prova:
UEG - 2025 - UEG - Vestibular - Medicina (2º Semestre 2025) - Reaplicação |
Q3508161
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.
We often hear older generations talk about how much more difficult they had it when they were young—and doctors are no
exception. It’s not uncommon to hear older physicians and younger physicians argue about whose training was more difficult.
But how does medical school today actually compare to medical school in the past? Let’s explore both sides of the argument
to determine who had it tougher.
Medical students today have much more information to learn compared to previous years. According to a 2011 article, the
doubling time of medical knowledge in 1950 was approximately 50 years. In 1980, it was 7 years. In 2010, it was 3.5 years.
And today, medical knowledge is believed to double every 2-3 months.
Although there is a lag between the primary literature and the information that is added to medical school curricula, students
are still learning much more information today than in previous years. Despite these vast increases in knowledge, medical
school is still the same duration that it has been for decades. Students complete 2 years of preclinical coursework followed by
2 years of clinicals. This means that students have to cram much more learning into those 4 short years.
That being said, the way that today’s medical students learn is very different than what it was for students in the past. We have
a much better understanding of how to optimize learning today. People have developed countless methods to be more efficient
with studying. From the Pomodoro method to the Feynman technique and spaced repetition, we have hacked our study
strategies so that we can learn more in less time.
In the past, medical students had to flip through their textbooks or notes to find the information they needed. Nowadays, you
can take out your phone, put your question into Google, and have more information than you could want on whatever topic
you’re trying to learn.
Beyond the amount of information and resources, however, there is also the fact that many schools nowadays are transitioning
to pass-fail curriculums. In fact, within the last year, USMLE Step 1, which has long been the most important test in
determining your competitiveness for residency, has also become pass-fail.
The goal of these changes has been to decrease stress and burnout among students as research has shown that student wellbeing is enhanced and academic performance is not negatively affected by pass-fail curriculums. That being said, due to the
nature of these curricula, students may need to spend more time on extracurricular activities such as research and leadership
to stand out for residency applications.
In addition, just because medical school curriculums and Step 1 are pass-fail doesn’t make them easy. Students must still put
in significant time and effort to pass while managing their other activities. As such it can be difficult to gauge how much time to
put into medical school classes vs studying for boards vs extracurricular activities. Achieving the perfect balance between all of
these responsibilities can often feel near impossible.
Disponível em: https://medschoolinsiders.com/pre-med/medical-school-today-vs-in-the-past/. Acesso em: 7 maio 2025. (Adaptado).
According to the text, medical students, in the past,
Ano: 2025
Banca:
UEG
Órgão:
UEG
Prova:
UEG - 2025 - UEG - Vestibular - Medicina (2º Semestre 2025) - Reaplicação |
Q3508160
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.
We often hear older generations talk about how much more difficult they had it when they were young—and doctors are no
exception. It’s not uncommon to hear older physicians and younger physicians argue about whose training was more difficult.
But how does medical school today actually compare to medical school in the past? Let’s explore both sides of the argument
to determine who had it tougher.
Medical students today have much more information to learn compared to previous years. According to a 2011 article, the
doubling time of medical knowledge in 1950 was approximately 50 years. In 1980, it was 7 years. In 2010, it was 3.5 years.
And today, medical knowledge is believed to double every 2-3 months.
Although there is a lag between the primary literature and the information that is added to medical school curricula, students
are still learning much more information today than in previous years. Despite these vast increases in knowledge, medical
school is still the same duration that it has been for decades. Students complete 2 years of preclinical coursework followed by
2 years of clinicals. This means that students have to cram much more learning into those 4 short years.
That being said, the way that today’s medical students learn is very different than what it was for students in the past. We have
a much better understanding of how to optimize learning today. People have developed countless methods to be more efficient
with studying. From the Pomodoro method to the Feynman technique and spaced repetition, we have hacked our study
strategies so that we can learn more in less time.
In the past, medical students had to flip through their textbooks or notes to find the information they needed. Nowadays, you
can take out your phone, put your question into Google, and have more information than you could want on whatever topic
you’re trying to learn.
Beyond the amount of information and resources, however, there is also the fact that many schools nowadays are transitioning
to pass-fail curriculums. In fact, within the last year, USMLE Step 1, which has long been the most important test in
determining your competitiveness for residency, has also become pass-fail.
The goal of these changes has been to decrease stress and burnout among students as research has shown that student wellbeing is enhanced and academic performance is not negatively affected by pass-fail curriculums. That being said, due to the
nature of these curricula, students may need to spend more time on extracurricular activities such as research and leadership
to stand out for residency applications.
In addition, just because medical school curriculums and Step 1 are pass-fail doesn’t make them easy. Students must still put
in significant time and effort to pass while managing their other activities. As such it can be difficult to gauge how much time to
put into medical school classes vs studying for boards vs extracurricular activities. Achieving the perfect balance between all of
these responsibilities can often feel near impossible.
Disponível em: https://medschoolinsiders.com/pre-med/medical-school-today-vs-in-the-past/. Acesso em: 7 maio 2025. (Adaptado).
According to the text, medical students, nowadays,
Ano: 2025
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In my research recently published in an open access journal, I used a popular language model, GPT-4 by OpenAI, to create simple summaries of scientific papers. These summaries generated by artificial intelligence (AI) used simpler language and more common words, like “job” instead of “occupation”, than summaries written by the researchers who had done the work.
In one experiment, I found that readers of the AI-generated summaries had a better understanding of the science than readers of the human-written summaries. A second experiment investigated what effects the simpler summaries might have on people’s perceptions of the scientists who performed the research. In this experiment, participants rated the scientists whose work was described in the simpler texts as more credible than the scientists whose work was described in the more complex texts.
Have you ever read about a scientific discovery and felt like it was written in a foreign language? New scientific information is probably hard to understand — especially if you try to read a science article in a research journal. In an era where understanding science is crucial for informed decision- -making, the abilities to comprehend and communicate complex ideas are more important than ever. Trust in science has been declining for years, and one contributing factor may be the challenge of understanding scientific jargon.
As AI continues to evolve, its role in science communication may expand, especially if using generative AI becomes more commonplace. Simple science descriptions are preferable to and more beneficial than complex ones, and AI tools can help. But scientists could also achieve the same goals by working harder to minimize jargon and communicate clearly — no AI necessary.
(David Markowitz. https://theconversation.com, 30.10.2024. Adaptado.)
No trecho do último parágrafo “scientists could also achieve
the same goals by working harder”, o termo sublinhado indica
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
EINSTEIN
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - EINSTEIN - Vestibular 2025 - Prova 1 - Administração |
Q3421476
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
In my research recently published in an open access journal, I used a popular language model, GPT-4 by OpenAI, to create simple summaries of scientific papers. These summaries generated by artificial intelligence (AI) used simpler language and more common words, like “job” instead of “occupation”, than summaries written by the researchers who had done the work.
In one experiment, I found that readers of the AI-generated summaries had a better understanding of the science than readers of the human-written summaries. A second experiment investigated what effects the simpler summaries might have on people’s perceptions of the scientists who performed the research. In this experiment, participants rated the scientists whose work was described in the simpler texts as more credible than the scientists whose work was described in the more complex texts.
Have you ever read about a scientific discovery and felt like it was written in a foreign language? New scientific information is probably hard to understand — especially if you try to read a science article in a research journal. In an era where understanding science is crucial for informed decision- -making, the abilities to comprehend and communicate complex ideas are more important than ever. Trust in science has been declining for years, and one contributing factor may be the challenge of understanding scientific jargon.
As AI continues to evolve, its role in science communication may expand, especially if using generative AI becomes more commonplace. Simple science descriptions are preferable to and more beneficial than complex ones, and AI tools can help. But scientists could also achieve the same goals by working harder to minimize jargon and communicate clearly — no AI necessary.
(David Markowitz. https://theconversation.com, 30.10.2024. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo, a queda no nível de confiança na ciência por parte do público leigo deve-se, entre
outros motivos, à
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