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Ano: 2023
Banca:
SELECON
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT
Provas:
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Ciências
|
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Educação Artística/Arte |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Educação Física |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Geografia |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em História |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Letras/Inglês |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Letras/Língua Portuguesa |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Matemática |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Pedagogia |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor Pedagogo para Sala de Recurso Multifuncional |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Nutricionista |
Q3640535
Português
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir:
Nasa exibirá pouso com primeira amostra de asteroide coletada no espaço; veja quando
OSIRIS-REx é a terceira missão do Programa Novas Fronteiras da Nasa, gerenciado pelo Marshall Space Flight Center da Nasa em Huntsville, Alabama, para a Diretoria de Missões Científicas da agência em Washington
São Paulo - A primeira amostra de asteroide coletada no espaço pela Agência Aeroespacial dos Estados Unidos (Nasa) chegará à Terra no domingo, 24. O pouso, segundo a Nasa, será acompanhado de perto pela agência, com cobertura ao vivo.
"O pouso da cápsula da espaçonave OSIRIS-REx (Origens, Interpretação Espectral, Identificação de Recursos e Segurança - Regolith Explorer) com amostras do asteroide chamado Bennu começará às 10h EDT (11 horas, pelo horário de Brasília) e irá ao ar pela TV Nasa, no aplicativo da Nasa e no site da agência".
Em seguida, será realizada uma coletiva de imprensa, quando a cápsula de amostra chegar a uma sala no campo de treinamento militar.
"Para entregar com sucesso uma amostra do asteroide Bennu próximo da Terra, os operadores de espaçonaves precisam garantir que a OSIRIS-REx viaje na velocidade e direção corretas para liberar a cápsula de amostra na atmosfera, pousando-a no campo de testes e treinamento do Departamento de Defesa dos EUA em Utah", disse a Nasa.
Segundo a agência, a liderança da missão discutirá os resultados das manobras de trajetória final da espaçonave e as expectativas para a entrada, descida e pouso da cápsula, além dos planos para operações de recuperação no deserto ocidental de Utah.
O OSIRIS-REx é a terceira missão do Programa Novas Fronteiras da Nasa, gerenciado pelo Marshall Space Flight Center da Nasa em Huntsville, Alabama, para a Diretoria de Missões Científicas da agência em Washington.
"Quando chegar, a espaçonave OSIRIS-REx liberará a cápsula com a amostra do asteroide para um pouso seguro no deserto de Utah. O material primitivo de Bennu – rochas e poeira recolhidas da superfície do asteroide em 2020 – oferecerá a gerações de cientistas uma janela para a época em que o Sol e os planetas se formavam há cerca de 4,5 mil milhões de anos", acrescenta a Nasa.
Fonte: https://odia.ig.com.br/mundo-e-ciencia/2023/09/6711886-nasa-exibira-pouso-com-primeira-amostra-de-asteroide-coletada-no-espaco-veja-quando.html. Acesso em 21/09/2023
No texto, a palavra ASTEROIDE não está acentuada porque:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
SELECON
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT
Provas:
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Ciências
|
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Educação Artística/Arte |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Educação Física |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Geografia |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em História |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Letras/Inglês |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Letras/Língua Portuguesa |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Matemática |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Pedagogia |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor Pedagogo para Sala de Recurso Multifuncional |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Nutricionista |
Q3640534
Português
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir:
Nasa exibirá pouso com primeira amostra de asteroide coletada no espaço; veja quando
OSIRIS-REx é a terceira missão do Programa Novas Fronteiras da Nasa, gerenciado pelo Marshall Space Flight Center da Nasa em Huntsville, Alabama, para a Diretoria de Missões Científicas da agência em Washington
São Paulo - A primeira amostra de asteroide coletada no espaço pela Agência Aeroespacial dos Estados Unidos (Nasa) chegará à Terra no domingo, 24. O pouso, segundo a Nasa, será acompanhado de perto pela agência, com cobertura ao vivo.
"O pouso da cápsula da espaçonave OSIRIS-REx (Origens, Interpretação Espectral, Identificação de Recursos e Segurança - Regolith Explorer) com amostras do asteroide chamado Bennu começará às 10h EDT (11 horas, pelo horário de Brasília) e irá ao ar pela TV Nasa, no aplicativo da Nasa e no site da agência".
Em seguida, será realizada uma coletiva de imprensa, quando a cápsula de amostra chegar a uma sala no campo de treinamento militar.
"Para entregar com sucesso uma amostra do asteroide Bennu próximo da Terra, os operadores de espaçonaves precisam garantir que a OSIRIS-REx viaje na velocidade e direção corretas para liberar a cápsula de amostra na atmosfera, pousando-a no campo de testes e treinamento do Departamento de Defesa dos EUA em Utah", disse a Nasa.
Segundo a agência, a liderança da missão discutirá os resultados das manobras de trajetória final da espaçonave e as expectativas para a entrada, descida e pouso da cápsula, além dos planos para operações de recuperação no deserto ocidental de Utah.
O OSIRIS-REx é a terceira missão do Programa Novas Fronteiras da Nasa, gerenciado pelo Marshall Space Flight Center da Nasa em Huntsville, Alabama, para a Diretoria de Missões Científicas da agência em Washington.
"Quando chegar, a espaçonave OSIRIS-REx liberará a cápsula com a amostra do asteroide para um pouso seguro no deserto de Utah. O material primitivo de Bennu – rochas e poeira recolhidas da superfície do asteroide em 2020 – oferecerá a gerações de cientistas uma janela para a época em que o Sol e os planetas se formavam há cerca de 4,5 mil milhões de anos", acrescenta a Nasa.
Fonte: https://odia.ig.com.br/mundo-e-ciencia/2023/09/6711886-nasa-exibira-pouso-com-primeira-amostra-de-asteroide-coletada-no-espaco-veja-quando.html. Acesso em 21/09/2023
No trecho “Segundo a agência, a liderança da missão
discutirá os resultados das manobras de trajetória final da
espaçonave e as expectativas para a entrada, descida e pouso
da cápsula [...]” (5º parágrafo), a expressão destacada serve
para:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
SELECON
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT
Provas:
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Ciências
|
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Educação Artística/Arte |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Educação Física |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Geografia |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em História |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Letras/Inglês |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Letras/Língua Portuguesa |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Matemática |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor - Licenciatura em Pedagogia |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Professor Pedagogo para Sala de Recurso Multifuncional |
SELECON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cuiabá - MT - Nutricionista |
Q3640533
Português
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir:
Nasa exibirá pouso com primeira amostra de asteroide coletada no espaço; veja quando
OSIRIS-REx é a terceira missão do Programa Novas Fronteiras da Nasa, gerenciado pelo Marshall Space Flight Center da Nasa em Huntsville, Alabama, para a Diretoria de Missões Científicas da agência em Washington
São Paulo - A primeira amostra de asteroide coletada no espaço pela Agência Aeroespacial dos Estados Unidos (Nasa) chegará à Terra no domingo, 24. O pouso, segundo a Nasa, será acompanhado de perto pela agência, com cobertura ao vivo.
"O pouso da cápsula da espaçonave OSIRIS-REx (Origens, Interpretação Espectral, Identificação de Recursos e Segurança - Regolith Explorer) com amostras do asteroide chamado Bennu começará às 10h EDT (11 horas, pelo horário de Brasília) e irá ao ar pela TV Nasa, no aplicativo da Nasa e no site da agência".
Em seguida, será realizada uma coletiva de imprensa, quando a cápsula de amostra chegar a uma sala no campo de treinamento militar.
"Para entregar com sucesso uma amostra do asteroide Bennu próximo da Terra, os operadores de espaçonaves precisam garantir que a OSIRIS-REx viaje na velocidade e direção corretas para liberar a cápsula de amostra na atmosfera, pousando-a no campo de testes e treinamento do Departamento de Defesa dos EUA em Utah", disse a Nasa.
Segundo a agência, a liderança da missão discutirá os resultados das manobras de trajetória final da espaçonave e as expectativas para a entrada, descida e pouso da cápsula, além dos planos para operações de recuperação no deserto ocidental de Utah.
O OSIRIS-REx é a terceira missão do Programa Novas Fronteiras da Nasa, gerenciado pelo Marshall Space Flight Center da Nasa em Huntsville, Alabama, para a Diretoria de Missões Científicas da agência em Washington.
"Quando chegar, a espaçonave OSIRIS-REx liberará a cápsula com a amostra do asteroide para um pouso seguro no deserto de Utah. O material primitivo de Bennu – rochas e poeira recolhidas da superfície do asteroide em 2020 – oferecerá a gerações de cientistas uma janela para a época em que o Sol e os planetas se formavam há cerca de 4,5 mil milhões de anos", acrescenta a Nasa.
Fonte: https://odia.ig.com.br/mundo-e-ciencia/2023/09/6711886-nasa-exibira-pouso-com-primeira-amostra-de-asteroide-coletada-no-espaco-veja-quando.html. Acesso em 21/09/2023
O objetivo principal do texto é:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Fundação CETAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA
Prova:
Fundação CETAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA - Professor Licenciatura Plena - Língua Estrangeira Moderna |
Q3592296
Inglês
Texto associado
11 minutes of daily exercise could have a positive
impact on your health, large study shows
By Kristen Rogers, CNN
Updated 1145 GMT (1945 HKT) March 1, 2023
(CNN)When you can't fit your entire workout into a busy
day, do you think there's no point in doing anything at all?
You should rethink that mindset. Just 11 minutes of
moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic activity per day
could lower your risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease or
premature death, a large new study has found.
Aerobic activities include walking, dancing, running,
jogging, cycling and swimming. You can gauge the
intensity level of an activity by your heart rate and how
hard you're breathing as you move. Generally, being able
to talk but not sing during an activity would make it
moderate intensity. Vigorous intensity is marked by the
inability to carry on a conversation.
Higher levels of physical activity have been associated
with lower rates of premature death and chronic disease,
according to past research. But how the risk levels for
these outcomes are affected by the amount of exercise
someone gets has been more difficult to determine. To
explore this impact, scientists largely from the University
of Cambridge in the United Kingdom looked at data from
196 studies, amounting to more than 30 million adult
participants who were followed for 10 years on average.
The results of this latest study were published Tuesday in
the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
The study mainly focused on participants who had done
the minimum recommended amount of 150 minutes of
exercise per week, or 22 minutes per day. Compared
with inactive participants, adults who had done 150
minutes of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic physical activity
per week had a 31% lower risk of dying from any cause,
a 29% lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease
and a 15% lower risk of dying from cancer.
The same amount of exercise was linked with a 27%
lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease and 12%
lower risk when it came to cancer.
"This is a compelling systematic review of existing research," said CNN Medical Analyst Dr. Leana Wen, an
emergency physician and public health professor at
George Washington University, who wasn't involved in
the research. "We already knew that there was a strong
correlation between increased physical activity and
reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer and
premature death. This research confirms it, and
furthermore states that a smaller amount than the 150
minutes of recommended exercise a week can help."
Even people who got just half the minimum
recommended amount of physical activity benefited.
Accumulating 75 minutes of moderate-intensity activity
per week - about 11 minutes of activity per day - was
associated with a 23% lower risk of early death. Getting
active for 75 minutes on a weekly basis was also enough
to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease
by 17% and cancer by 7%.
Beyond 150 minutes per week, any additional benefits
were smaller.
"If you are someone who finds the idea of 150 minutes of
moderate-intensity physical activity a week a bit daunting,
then our findings should be good news," said study
author Dr. Soren Brage, group leader of the Physical
Activity Epidemiology group in the Medical Research
Council Epidemiology Unit at the University of
Cambridge, in a news release. "This is also a good
starting position - if you find that 75 minutes a week is
manageable, then you could try stepping it up gradually
to the full recommended amount."
The authors' findings affirm the World Health
Organization's position that doing some physical activity
is better than doing none, even if you don't get the
recommended amounts of exercise.
"One in 10 premature deaths could have been prevented
if everyone achieved even half the recommended level of
physical activity," the authors wrote in the study.
Additionally, "10.9% and 5.2% of all incident cases of
CVD (cardiovascular disease) and cancer would have
been prevented."
Important note: If you experience pain while exercising,
stop immediately. Check with your doctor before
beginning any new exercise program.
A little exercise every day.
The authors didn't have details on the specific types of
physical activity the participants did. But some experts do
have thoughts on how physical activity could reduce risk
for chronic diseases and premature death.
"There are many potential mechanisms including the
improvement and maintenance of body composition,
insulin resistance and physical function because of a
wide variety of favorable influences of aerobic activity,"
said Haruki Momma, an associate professor of medicine
and science in sports and exercise at Tohoku University
in Japan. Momma wasn't involved in the research.
Benefits could also include improvement to immune
function, lung and heart health, inflammation levels,
hypertension, cholesterol, and amount of body fat, said Eleanor Watts, a postdoctoral fellow in the division of
cancer epidemiology and genetics at the National Cancer
Institute. Watts wasn't involved in the research.
"These translate into lower risk of getting chronic
diseases," said Peter Katzmarzyk, associate executive
director for population and public health sciences at
Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton
Rouge, Louisiana. Katzmarzyk wasn't involved in the
research.
The fact that participants who did only half the minimum
recommended amount of exercise still experienced
benefits doesn't mean people shouldn't aim for more
exercise, but rather that "perfect shouldn't be the enemy
of the good," Wen said. "Some is better than none."
To get up to 150 minutes of physical activity per week,
find activities you enjoy, Wen said. "You are far more
likely to engage in something you love doing than
something you have to make yourself do."
And when it comes to how you fit in your exercise, you
can think outside the box.
"Moderate activity doesn't have to involve what we
normally think of (as) exercise, such as sports or
running," said study coauthor Leandro Garcia, a lecturer
in the school of medicine, dentistry and biomedical
sciences at Queen's University Belfast, in a news
release. "Sometimes, replacing some habits is all that is
needed.
"For example, try to walk or cycle to your work or study
place instead of using a car, or engage in active play with
your kids or grand kids. Doing activities that you enjoy
and that are easy to include in your weekly routine is an
excellent way to become more active."
ncee-ddeeahh-rskkwwelnessindex.html
health/moderate-physical-activity-cancer-death-risk-wellness/index.html
Baseado na leitura do texto, pode-se afirmar que:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Fundação CETAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA
Prova:
Fundação CETAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA - Professor Licenciatura Plena - Língua Estrangeira Moderna |
Q3592295
Inglês
Texto associado
11 minutes of daily exercise could have a positive
impact on your health, large study shows
By Kristen Rogers, CNN
Updated 1145 GMT (1945 HKT) March 1, 2023
(CNN)When you can't fit your entire workout into a busy
day, do you think there's no point in doing anything at all?
You should rethink that mindset. Just 11 minutes of
moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic activity per day
could lower your risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease or
premature death, a large new study has found.
Aerobic activities include walking, dancing, running,
jogging, cycling and swimming. You can gauge the
intensity level of an activity by your heart rate and how
hard you're breathing as you move. Generally, being able
to talk but not sing during an activity would make it
moderate intensity. Vigorous intensity is marked by the
inability to carry on a conversation.
Higher levels of physical activity have been associated
with lower rates of premature death and chronic disease,
according to past research. But how the risk levels for
these outcomes are affected by the amount of exercise
someone gets has been more difficult to determine. To
explore this impact, scientists largely from the University
of Cambridge in the United Kingdom looked at data from
196 studies, amounting to more than 30 million adult
participants who were followed for 10 years on average.
The results of this latest study were published Tuesday in
the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
The study mainly focused on participants who had done
the minimum recommended amount of 150 minutes of
exercise per week, or 22 minutes per day. Compared
with inactive participants, adults who had done 150
minutes of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic physical activity
per week had a 31% lower risk of dying from any cause,
a 29% lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease
and a 15% lower risk of dying from cancer.
The same amount of exercise was linked with a 27%
lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease and 12%
lower risk when it came to cancer.
"This is a compelling systematic review of existing research," said CNN Medical Analyst Dr. Leana Wen, an
emergency physician and public health professor at
George Washington University, who wasn't involved in
the research. "We already knew that there was a strong
correlation between increased physical activity and
reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer and
premature death. This research confirms it, and
furthermore states that a smaller amount than the 150
minutes of recommended exercise a week can help."
Even people who got just half the minimum
recommended amount of physical activity benefited.
Accumulating 75 minutes of moderate-intensity activity
per week - about 11 minutes of activity per day - was
associated with a 23% lower risk of early death. Getting
active for 75 minutes on a weekly basis was also enough
to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease
by 17% and cancer by 7%.
Beyond 150 minutes per week, any additional benefits
were smaller.
"If you are someone who finds the idea of 150 minutes of
moderate-intensity physical activity a week a bit daunting,
then our findings should be good news," said study
author Dr. Soren Brage, group leader of the Physical
Activity Epidemiology group in the Medical Research
Council Epidemiology Unit at the University of
Cambridge, in a news release. "This is also a good
starting position - if you find that 75 minutes a week is
manageable, then you could try stepping it up gradually
to the full recommended amount."
The authors' findings affirm the World Health
Organization's position that doing some physical activity
is better than doing none, even if you don't get the
recommended amounts of exercise.
"One in 10 premature deaths could have been prevented
if everyone achieved even half the recommended level of
physical activity," the authors wrote in the study.
Additionally, "10.9% and 5.2% of all incident cases of
CVD (cardiovascular disease) and cancer would have
been prevented."
Important note: If you experience pain while exercising,
stop immediately. Check with your doctor before
beginning any new exercise program.
A little exercise every day.
The authors didn't have details on the specific types of
physical activity the participants did. But some experts do
have thoughts on how physical activity could reduce risk
for chronic diseases and premature death.
"There are many potential mechanisms including the
improvement and maintenance of body composition,
insulin resistance and physical function because of a
wide variety of favorable influences of aerobic activity,"
said Haruki Momma, an associate professor of medicine
and science in sports and exercise at Tohoku University
in Japan. Momma wasn't involved in the research.
Benefits could also include improvement to immune
function, lung and heart health, inflammation levels,
hypertension, cholesterol, and amount of body fat, said Eleanor Watts, a postdoctoral fellow in the division of
cancer epidemiology and genetics at the National Cancer
Institute. Watts wasn't involved in the research.
"These translate into lower risk of getting chronic
diseases," said Peter Katzmarzyk, associate executive
director for population and public health sciences at
Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton
Rouge, Louisiana. Katzmarzyk wasn't involved in the
research.
The fact that participants who did only half the minimum
recommended amount of exercise still experienced
benefits doesn't mean people shouldn't aim for more
exercise, but rather that "perfect shouldn't be the enemy
of the good," Wen said. "Some is better than none."
To get up to 150 minutes of physical activity per week,
find activities you enjoy, Wen said. "You are far more
likely to engage in something you love doing than
something you have to make yourself do."
And when it comes to how you fit in your exercise, you
can think outside the box.
"Moderate activity doesn't have to involve what we
normally think of (as) exercise, such as sports or
running," said study coauthor Leandro Garcia, a lecturer
in the school of medicine, dentistry and biomedical
sciences at Queen's University Belfast, in a news
release. "Sometimes, replacing some habits is all that is
needed.
"For example, try to walk or cycle to your work or study
place instead of using a car, or engage in active play with
your kids or grand kids. Doing activities that you enjoy
and that are easy to include in your weekly routine is an
excellent way to become more active."
ncee-ddeeahh-rskkwwelnessindex.html
health/moderate-physical-activity-cancer-death-risk-wellness/index.html
Na oração "You are far more likely to engage in
something you love doing than something you have to
make yourself do", o termo yourself é:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Fundação CETAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA
Prova:
Fundação CETAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA - Professor Licenciatura Plena - Língua Estrangeira Moderna |
Q3592294
Inglês
Texto associado
11 minutes of daily exercise could have a positive
impact on your health, large study shows
By Kristen Rogers, CNN
Updated 1145 GMT (1945 HKT) March 1, 2023
(CNN)When you can't fit your entire workout into a busy
day, do you think there's no point in doing anything at all?
You should rethink that mindset. Just 11 minutes of
moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic activity per day
could lower your risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease or
premature death, a large new study has found.
Aerobic activities include walking, dancing, running,
jogging, cycling and swimming. You can gauge the
intensity level of an activity by your heart rate and how
hard you're breathing as you move. Generally, being able
to talk but not sing during an activity would make it
moderate intensity. Vigorous intensity is marked by the
inability to carry on a conversation.
Higher levels of physical activity have been associated
with lower rates of premature death and chronic disease,
according to past research. But how the risk levels for
these outcomes are affected by the amount of exercise
someone gets has been more difficult to determine. To
explore this impact, scientists largely from the University
of Cambridge in the United Kingdom looked at data from
196 studies, amounting to more than 30 million adult
participants who were followed for 10 years on average.
The results of this latest study were published Tuesday in
the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
The study mainly focused on participants who had done
the minimum recommended amount of 150 minutes of
exercise per week, or 22 minutes per day. Compared
with inactive participants, adults who had done 150
minutes of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic physical activity
per week had a 31% lower risk of dying from any cause,
a 29% lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease
and a 15% lower risk of dying from cancer.
The same amount of exercise was linked with a 27%
lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease and 12%
lower risk when it came to cancer.
"This is a compelling systematic review of existing research," said CNN Medical Analyst Dr. Leana Wen, an
emergency physician and public health professor at
George Washington University, who wasn't involved in
the research. "We already knew that there was a strong
correlation between increased physical activity and
reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer and
premature death. This research confirms it, and
furthermore states that a smaller amount than the 150
minutes of recommended exercise a week can help."
Even people who got just half the minimum
recommended amount of physical activity benefited.
Accumulating 75 minutes of moderate-intensity activity
per week - about 11 minutes of activity per day - was
associated with a 23% lower risk of early death. Getting
active for 75 minutes on a weekly basis was also enough
to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease
by 17% and cancer by 7%.
Beyond 150 minutes per week, any additional benefits
were smaller.
"If you are someone who finds the idea of 150 minutes of
moderate-intensity physical activity a week a bit daunting,
then our findings should be good news," said study
author Dr. Soren Brage, group leader of the Physical
Activity Epidemiology group in the Medical Research
Council Epidemiology Unit at the University of
Cambridge, in a news release. "This is also a good
starting position - if you find that 75 minutes a week is
manageable, then you could try stepping it up gradually
to the full recommended amount."
The authors' findings affirm the World Health
Organization's position that doing some physical activity
is better than doing none, even if you don't get the
recommended amounts of exercise.
"One in 10 premature deaths could have been prevented
if everyone achieved even half the recommended level of
physical activity," the authors wrote in the study.
Additionally, "10.9% and 5.2% of all incident cases of
CVD (cardiovascular disease) and cancer would have
been prevented."
Important note: If you experience pain while exercising,
stop immediately. Check with your doctor before
beginning any new exercise program.
A little exercise every day.
The authors didn't have details on the specific types of
physical activity the participants did. But some experts do
have thoughts on how physical activity could reduce risk
for chronic diseases and premature death.
"There are many potential mechanisms including the
improvement and maintenance of body composition,
insulin resistance and physical function because of a
wide variety of favorable influences of aerobic activity,"
said Haruki Momma, an associate professor of medicine
and science in sports and exercise at Tohoku University
in Japan. Momma wasn't involved in the research.
Benefits could also include improvement to immune
function, lung and heart health, inflammation levels,
hypertension, cholesterol, and amount of body fat, said Eleanor Watts, a postdoctoral fellow in the division of
cancer epidemiology and genetics at the National Cancer
Institute. Watts wasn't involved in the research.
"These translate into lower risk of getting chronic
diseases," said Peter Katzmarzyk, associate executive
director for population and public health sciences at
Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton
Rouge, Louisiana. Katzmarzyk wasn't involved in the
research.
The fact that participants who did only half the minimum
recommended amount of exercise still experienced
benefits doesn't mean people shouldn't aim for more
exercise, but rather that "perfect shouldn't be the enemy
of the good," Wen said. "Some is better than none."
To get up to 150 minutes of physical activity per week,
find activities you enjoy, Wen said. "You are far more
likely to engage in something you love doing than
something you have to make yourself do."
And when it comes to how you fit in your exercise, you
can think outside the box.
"Moderate activity doesn't have to involve what we
normally think of (as) exercise, such as sports or
running," said study coauthor Leandro Garcia, a lecturer
in the school of medicine, dentistry and biomedical
sciences at Queen's University Belfast, in a news
release. "Sometimes, replacing some habits is all that is
needed.
"For example, try to walk or cycle to your work or study
place instead of using a car, or engage in active play with
your kids or grand kids. Doing activities that you enjoy
and that are easy to include in your weekly routine is an
excellent way to become more active."
ncee-ddeeahh-rskkwwelnessindex.html
health/moderate-physical-activity-cancer-death-risk-wellness/index.html
De acordo com o texto, qual das afirmações a seguir
está incorreta?
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Fundação CETAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA
Prova:
Fundação CETAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA - Professor Licenciatura Plena - Língua Estrangeira Moderna |
Q3592293
Inglês
Texto associado
11 minutes of daily exercise could have a positive
impact on your health, large study shows
By Kristen Rogers, CNN
Updated 1145 GMT (1945 HKT) March 1, 2023
(CNN)When you can't fit your entire workout into a busy
day, do you think there's no point in doing anything at all?
You should rethink that mindset. Just 11 minutes of
moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic activity per day
could lower your risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease or
premature death, a large new study has found.
Aerobic activities include walking, dancing, running,
jogging, cycling and swimming. You can gauge the
intensity level of an activity by your heart rate and how
hard you're breathing as you move. Generally, being able
to talk but not sing during an activity would make it
moderate intensity. Vigorous intensity is marked by the
inability to carry on a conversation.
Higher levels of physical activity have been associated
with lower rates of premature death and chronic disease,
according to past research. But how the risk levels for
these outcomes are affected by the amount of exercise
someone gets has been more difficult to determine. To
explore this impact, scientists largely from the University
of Cambridge in the United Kingdom looked at data from
196 studies, amounting to more than 30 million adult
participants who were followed for 10 years on average.
The results of this latest study were published Tuesday in
the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
The study mainly focused on participants who had done
the minimum recommended amount of 150 minutes of
exercise per week, or 22 minutes per day. Compared
with inactive participants, adults who had done 150
minutes of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic physical activity
per week had a 31% lower risk of dying from any cause,
a 29% lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease
and a 15% lower risk of dying from cancer.
The same amount of exercise was linked with a 27%
lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease and 12%
lower risk when it came to cancer.
"This is a compelling systematic review of existing research," said CNN Medical Analyst Dr. Leana Wen, an
emergency physician and public health professor at
George Washington University, who wasn't involved in
the research. "We already knew that there was a strong
correlation between increased physical activity and
reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer and
premature death. This research confirms it, and
furthermore states that a smaller amount than the 150
minutes of recommended exercise a week can help."
Even people who got just half the minimum
recommended amount of physical activity benefited.
Accumulating 75 minutes of moderate-intensity activity
per week - about 11 minutes of activity per day - was
associated with a 23% lower risk of early death. Getting
active for 75 minutes on a weekly basis was also enough
to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease
by 17% and cancer by 7%.
Beyond 150 minutes per week, any additional benefits
were smaller.
"If you are someone who finds the idea of 150 minutes of
moderate-intensity physical activity a week a bit daunting,
then our findings should be good news," said study
author Dr. Soren Brage, group leader of the Physical
Activity Epidemiology group in the Medical Research
Council Epidemiology Unit at the University of
Cambridge, in a news release. "This is also a good
starting position - if you find that 75 minutes a week is
manageable, then you could try stepping it up gradually
to the full recommended amount."
The authors' findings affirm the World Health
Organization's position that doing some physical activity
is better than doing none, even if you don't get the
recommended amounts of exercise.
"One in 10 premature deaths could have been prevented
if everyone achieved even half the recommended level of
physical activity," the authors wrote in the study.
Additionally, "10.9% and 5.2% of all incident cases of
CVD (cardiovascular disease) and cancer would have
been prevented."
Important note: If you experience pain while exercising,
stop immediately. Check with your doctor before
beginning any new exercise program.
A little exercise every day.
The authors didn't have details on the specific types of
physical activity the participants did. But some experts do
have thoughts on how physical activity could reduce risk
for chronic diseases and premature death.
"There are many potential mechanisms including the
improvement and maintenance of body composition,
insulin resistance and physical function because of a
wide variety of favorable influences of aerobic activity,"
said Haruki Momma, an associate professor of medicine
and science in sports and exercise at Tohoku University
in Japan. Momma wasn't involved in the research.
Benefits could also include improvement to immune
function, lung and heart health, inflammation levels,
hypertension, cholesterol, and amount of body fat, said Eleanor Watts, a postdoctoral fellow in the division of
cancer epidemiology and genetics at the National Cancer
Institute. Watts wasn't involved in the research.
"These translate into lower risk of getting chronic
diseases," said Peter Katzmarzyk, associate executive
director for population and public health sciences at
Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton
Rouge, Louisiana. Katzmarzyk wasn't involved in the
research.
The fact that participants who did only half the minimum
recommended amount of exercise still experienced
benefits doesn't mean people shouldn't aim for more
exercise, but rather that "perfect shouldn't be the enemy
of the good," Wen said. "Some is better than none."
To get up to 150 minutes of physical activity per week,
find activities you enjoy, Wen said. "You are far more
likely to engage in something you love doing than
something you have to make yourself do."
And when it comes to how you fit in your exercise, you
can think outside the box.
"Moderate activity doesn't have to involve what we
normally think of (as) exercise, such as sports or
running," said study coauthor Leandro Garcia, a lecturer
in the school of medicine, dentistry and biomedical
sciences at Queen's University Belfast, in a news
release. "Sometimes, replacing some habits is all that is
needed.
"For example, try to walk or cycle to your work or study
place instead of using a car, or engage in active play with
your kids or grand kids. Doing activities that you enjoy
and that are easy to include in your weekly routine is an
excellent way to become more active."
ncee-ddeeahh-rskkwwelnessindex.html
health/moderate-physical-activity-cancer-death-risk-wellness/index.html
A oração "Some is better than none", observa-se:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Fundação CETAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA
Prova:
Fundação CETAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA - Professor Licenciatura Plena - Língua Estrangeira Moderna |
Q3592292
Inglês
Texto associado
11 minutes of daily exercise could have a positive
impact on your health, large study shows
By Kristen Rogers, CNN
Updated 1145 GMT (1945 HKT) March 1, 2023
(CNN)When you can't fit your entire workout into a busy
day, do you think there's no point in doing anything at all?
You should rethink that mindset. Just 11 minutes of
moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic activity per day
could lower your risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease or
premature death, a large new study has found.
Aerobic activities include walking, dancing, running,
jogging, cycling and swimming. You can gauge the
intensity level of an activity by your heart rate and how
hard you're breathing as you move. Generally, being able
to talk but not sing during an activity would make it
moderate intensity. Vigorous intensity is marked by the
inability to carry on a conversation.
Higher levels of physical activity have been associated
with lower rates of premature death and chronic disease,
according to past research. But how the risk levels for
these outcomes are affected by the amount of exercise
someone gets has been more difficult to determine. To
explore this impact, scientists largely from the University
of Cambridge in the United Kingdom looked at data from
196 studies, amounting to more than 30 million adult
participants who were followed for 10 years on average.
The results of this latest study were published Tuesday in
the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
The study mainly focused on participants who had done
the minimum recommended amount of 150 minutes of
exercise per week, or 22 minutes per day. Compared
with inactive participants, adults who had done 150
minutes of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic physical activity
per week had a 31% lower risk of dying from any cause,
a 29% lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease
and a 15% lower risk of dying from cancer.
The same amount of exercise was linked with a 27%
lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease and 12%
lower risk when it came to cancer.
"This is a compelling systematic review of existing research," said CNN Medical Analyst Dr. Leana Wen, an
emergency physician and public health professor at
George Washington University, who wasn't involved in
the research. "We already knew that there was a strong
correlation between increased physical activity and
reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer and
premature death. This research confirms it, and
furthermore states that a smaller amount than the 150
minutes of recommended exercise a week can help."
Even people who got just half the minimum
recommended amount of physical activity benefited.
Accumulating 75 minutes of moderate-intensity activity
per week - about 11 minutes of activity per day - was
associated with a 23% lower risk of early death. Getting
active for 75 minutes on a weekly basis was also enough
to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease
by 17% and cancer by 7%.
Beyond 150 minutes per week, any additional benefits
were smaller.
"If you are someone who finds the idea of 150 minutes of
moderate-intensity physical activity a week a bit daunting,
then our findings should be good news," said study
author Dr. Soren Brage, group leader of the Physical
Activity Epidemiology group in the Medical Research
Council Epidemiology Unit at the University of
Cambridge, in a news release. "This is also a good
starting position - if you find that 75 minutes a week is
manageable, then you could try stepping it up gradually
to the full recommended amount."
The authors' findings affirm the World Health
Organization's position that doing some physical activity
is better than doing none, even if you don't get the
recommended amounts of exercise.
"One in 10 premature deaths could have been prevented
if everyone achieved even half the recommended level of
physical activity," the authors wrote in the study.
Additionally, "10.9% and 5.2% of all incident cases of
CVD (cardiovascular disease) and cancer would have
been prevented."
Important note: If you experience pain while exercising,
stop immediately. Check with your doctor before
beginning any new exercise program.
A little exercise every day.
The authors didn't have details on the specific types of
physical activity the participants did. But some experts do
have thoughts on how physical activity could reduce risk
for chronic diseases and premature death.
"There are many potential mechanisms including the
improvement and maintenance of body composition,
insulin resistance and physical function because of a
wide variety of favorable influences of aerobic activity,"
said Haruki Momma, an associate professor of medicine
and science in sports and exercise at Tohoku University
in Japan. Momma wasn't involved in the research.
Benefits could also include improvement to immune
function, lung and heart health, inflammation levels,
hypertension, cholesterol, and amount of body fat, said Eleanor Watts, a postdoctoral fellow in the division of
cancer epidemiology and genetics at the National Cancer
Institute. Watts wasn't involved in the research.
"These translate into lower risk of getting chronic
diseases," said Peter Katzmarzyk, associate executive
director for population and public health sciences at
Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton
Rouge, Louisiana. Katzmarzyk wasn't involved in the
research.
The fact that participants who did only half the minimum
recommended amount of exercise still experienced
benefits doesn't mean people shouldn't aim for more
exercise, but rather that "perfect shouldn't be the enemy
of the good," Wen said. "Some is better than none."
To get up to 150 minutes of physical activity per week,
find activities you enjoy, Wen said. "You are far more
likely to engage in something you love doing than
something you have to make yourself do."
And when it comes to how you fit in your exercise, you
can think outside the box.
"Moderate activity doesn't have to involve what we
normally think of (as) exercise, such as sports or
running," said study coauthor Leandro Garcia, a lecturer
in the school of medicine, dentistry and biomedical
sciences at Queen's University Belfast, in a news
release. "Sometimes, replacing some habits is all that is
needed.
"For example, try to walk or cycle to your work or study
place instead of using a car, or engage in active play with
your kids or grand kids. Doing activities that you enjoy
and that are easy to include in your weekly routine is an
excellent way to become more active."
ncee-ddeeahh-rskkwwelnessindex.html
health/moderate-physical-activity-cancer-death-risk-wellness/index.html
De acordo com o texto, apenas 11 minutos de atividade
aeróbica de intensidade moderada a vigorosa por dia
podem reduzir o risco de:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Fundação CETAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA
Prova:
Fundação CETAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA - Professor Licenciatura Plena - Língua Estrangeira Moderna |
Q3592291
Inglês
Texto associado
Will Vladimir Putin ever face a war crimes trial?
Published by Robert Plummer
BBC News
Although the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The
Hague has issued a warrant for President Vladimir
Putin's arrest, it is no more than the first step in a very
long process.
The United Nations clearly believes there is sufficient
evidence to accuse the Russian leader of war crimes in
Ukraine.
However the practical and logistical problems in pursuing
such a case are immense.
This is what the process of bringing Mr Putin to justice
could look like.
Can President Putin be arrested?
At present, the Russian leader enjoys unchallenged
power in his native land, so there is no prospect of the
Kremlin handing him over to the ICC.
As long as he stays put in Russia, he faces no risk of
being arrested.
Mr Putin could be detained if he leaves the country. But,
given the fact that his freedom of movement is already
severely limited by international sanctions against him, he
is unlikely to show up in a country that would want to put
him on trial.
Since Russian troops invaded Ukraine in February 2022,
he has visited just eight countries. Seven of those would
be considered by him to be part of Russia's "near
abroad" - that is, they were constituent parts of the Soviet
Union before it collapsed at the end of 1991.
His only recent destination that does not fall into this
category is Iran, which he visited in July last year to meet
the theocracy's Supreme Leader, Ali Khamenei.
Since Iran has helped the Russian war effort by
supplying drones and other military hardware, any repeat
visit to Tehran would be unlikely to place Mr Putin in any
jeopardy.
What war crimes is Russia accused of?
Will Putin actually face trial?
There are at least two big obstacles to that. Firstly,
Russia does not recognise the jurisdiction of the ICC.
The court was established in 2002 by a treaty known as
the Rome Statute.
This statute lays down that it is the duty of every state to
exercise its own criminal jurisdiction over those
responsible for international crimes. The ICC can only
intervene where a state is unable or unwilling to carry out
the investigation and prosecute perpetrators.
In all, 123 states have agreed to abide by it, but there are
some significant exceptions, including Russia.
Some countries, including Ukraine, have signed the
treaty, but not ratified it. You can see a full list of
countries that are party to the Rome Statute here.
So you can see that the legal position is already getting
shaky.
And secondly, although it's not unknown for trials to be
held without the defendant in the dock, that's not an
option here. The ICC does not conduct trials in absentia,
so that avenue is closed off too.
Who else has faced this kind of trial?
The idea of trying people for crimes against humanity
pre-dates the existence of the ICC.
It began in 1945 after World War Two with the
Nuremberg Trials, which were held to punish key
members of the hierarchy in Nazi Germany for the
Holocaust and other atrocities.
Those included Nazi leader Adolf Hitler's deputy Rudolf
Hess, who was sentenced to life imprisonment and died
by his own hand in 1987.
Of course, Mr Putin has not actually been charged with
crimes against humanity, even though US Vice-President
Kamala Harris has argued that he should be.
And if he were, that would pose another legal dilemma as
the UN itself says, "crimes against humanity have not yet
been codified in a dedicated treaty of international law,
unlike genocide and war crimes, although there are
efforts to do so."
Other bespoke bodies have sought to convict those
accused of war crimes. That includes the International
Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, a UN
organisation that existed from 1993 to 2017.
During that time, it convicted and sentenced 90 people.
But arguably the most notorious of those indicted, former
Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic, died of a heart
attack in 2006 while in detention.
As for the ICC itself, it has so far indicted 40 individuals
apart from Mr Putin, all from African countries. Of those,
17 people have been detained at The Hague, 10 have
been convicted of crimes and four have been acquitted.
What does this mean for the war in Ukraine?
The arrest warrant is being seen as a signal from the
international community that what is taking place in
Ukraine is against international law.
The court says the reason it is going public with these
warrants is that these crimes are continuing. In doing so,
it is trying to deter further crimes taking place.
But, the main reaction from Russia so far has been to
dismiss the warrants as meaningless.
In fact, the Kremlin denies its forces have committed any
atrocities in Ukraine, and Mr Putin's spokesman called
the ICC's decision "outrageous and unacceptable".
Faced with such defiance, it seems unlikely that the ICC's
actions will have any impact on Russia's war in Ukraine -
and Mr Putin's "special military operation" will continue to grind mercilessly on.
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-64994992
Na oração "His only recent destination that does not fall
into this category is Iran.", a palavra "His" é um:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Fundação CETAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA
Prova:
Fundação CETAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA - Professor Licenciatura Plena - Língua Estrangeira Moderna |
Q3592290
Inglês
Texto associado
Will Vladimir Putin ever face a war crimes trial?
Published by Robert Plummer
BBC News
Although the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The
Hague has issued a warrant for President Vladimir
Putin's arrest, it is no more than the first step in a very
long process.
The United Nations clearly believes there is sufficient
evidence to accuse the Russian leader of war crimes in
Ukraine.
However the practical and logistical problems in pursuing
such a case are immense.
This is what the process of bringing Mr Putin to justice
could look like.
Can President Putin be arrested?
At present, the Russian leader enjoys unchallenged
power in his native land, so there is no prospect of the
Kremlin handing him over to the ICC.
As long as he stays put in Russia, he faces no risk of
being arrested.
Mr Putin could be detained if he leaves the country. But,
given the fact that his freedom of movement is already
severely limited by international sanctions against him, he
is unlikely to show up in a country that would want to put
him on trial.
Since Russian troops invaded Ukraine in February 2022,
he has visited just eight countries. Seven of those would
be considered by him to be part of Russia's "near
abroad" - that is, they were constituent parts of the Soviet
Union before it collapsed at the end of 1991.
His only recent destination that does not fall into this
category is Iran, which he visited in July last year to meet
the theocracy's Supreme Leader, Ali Khamenei.
Since Iran has helped the Russian war effort by
supplying drones and other military hardware, any repeat
visit to Tehran would be unlikely to place Mr Putin in any
jeopardy.
What war crimes is Russia accused of?
Will Putin actually face trial?
There are at least two big obstacles to that. Firstly,
Russia does not recognise the jurisdiction of the ICC.
The court was established in 2002 by a treaty known as
the Rome Statute.
This statute lays down that it is the duty of every state to
exercise its own criminal jurisdiction over those
responsible for international crimes. The ICC can only
intervene where a state is unable or unwilling to carry out
the investigation and prosecute perpetrators.
In all, 123 states have agreed to abide by it, but there are
some significant exceptions, including Russia.
Some countries, including Ukraine, have signed the
treaty, but not ratified it. You can see a full list of
countries that are party to the Rome Statute here.
So you can see that the legal position is already getting
shaky.
And secondly, although it's not unknown for trials to be
held without the defendant in the dock, that's not an
option here. The ICC does not conduct trials in absentia,
so that avenue is closed off too.
Who else has faced this kind of trial?
The idea of trying people for crimes against humanity
pre-dates the existence of the ICC.
It began in 1945 after World War Two with the
Nuremberg Trials, which were held to punish key
members of the hierarchy in Nazi Germany for the
Holocaust and other atrocities.
Those included Nazi leader Adolf Hitler's deputy Rudolf
Hess, who was sentenced to life imprisonment and died
by his own hand in 1987.
Of course, Mr Putin has not actually been charged with
crimes against humanity, even though US Vice-President
Kamala Harris has argued that he should be.
And if he were, that would pose another legal dilemma as
the UN itself says, "crimes against humanity have not yet
been codified in a dedicated treaty of international law,
unlike genocide and war crimes, although there are
efforts to do so."
Other bespoke bodies have sought to convict those
accused of war crimes. That includes the International
Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, a UN
organisation that existed from 1993 to 2017.
During that time, it convicted and sentenced 90 people.
But arguably the most notorious of those indicted, former
Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic, died of a heart
attack in 2006 while in detention.
As for the ICC itself, it has so far indicted 40 individuals
apart from Mr Putin, all from African countries. Of those,
17 people have been detained at The Hague, 10 have
been convicted of crimes and four have been acquitted.
What does this mean for the war in Ukraine?
The arrest warrant is being seen as a signal from the
international community that what is taking place in
Ukraine is against international law.
The court says the reason it is going public with these
warrants is that these crimes are continuing. In doing so,
it is trying to deter further crimes taking place.
But, the main reaction from Russia so far has been to
dismiss the warrants as meaningless.
In fact, the Kremlin denies its forces have committed any
atrocities in Ukraine, and Mr Putin's spokesman called
the ICC's decision "outrageous and unacceptable".
Faced with such defiance, it seems unlikely that the ICC's
actions will have any impact on Russia's war in Ukraine -
and Mr Putin's "special military operation" will continue to grind mercilessly on.
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-64994992
Após a leitura do texto, assinale a alternativa incorreta.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Fundação CETAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA
Prova:
Fundação CETAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA - Professor Licenciatura Plena - Língua Estrangeira Moderna |
Q3592289
Inglês
Texto associado
Will Vladimir Putin ever face a war crimes trial?
Published by Robert Plummer
BBC News
Although the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The
Hague has issued a warrant for President Vladimir
Putin's arrest, it is no more than the first step in a very
long process.
The United Nations clearly believes there is sufficient
evidence to accuse the Russian leader of war crimes in
Ukraine.
However the practical and logistical problems in pursuing
such a case are immense.
This is what the process of bringing Mr Putin to justice
could look like.
Can President Putin be arrested?
At present, the Russian leader enjoys unchallenged
power in his native land, so there is no prospect of the
Kremlin handing him over to the ICC.
As long as he stays put in Russia, he faces no risk of
being arrested.
Mr Putin could be detained if he leaves the country. But,
given the fact that his freedom of movement is already
severely limited by international sanctions against him, he
is unlikely to show up in a country that would want to put
him on trial.
Since Russian troops invaded Ukraine in February 2022,
he has visited just eight countries. Seven of those would
be considered by him to be part of Russia's "near
abroad" - that is, they were constituent parts of the Soviet
Union before it collapsed at the end of 1991.
His only recent destination that does not fall into this
category is Iran, which he visited in July last year to meet
the theocracy's Supreme Leader, Ali Khamenei.
Since Iran has helped the Russian war effort by
supplying drones and other military hardware, any repeat
visit to Tehran would be unlikely to place Mr Putin in any
jeopardy.
What war crimes is Russia accused of?
Will Putin actually face trial?
There are at least two big obstacles to that. Firstly,
Russia does not recognise the jurisdiction of the ICC.
The court was established in 2002 by a treaty known as
the Rome Statute.
This statute lays down that it is the duty of every state to
exercise its own criminal jurisdiction over those
responsible for international crimes. The ICC can only
intervene where a state is unable or unwilling to carry out
the investigation and prosecute perpetrators.
In all, 123 states have agreed to abide by it, but there are
some significant exceptions, including Russia.
Some countries, including Ukraine, have signed the
treaty, but not ratified it. You can see a full list of
countries that are party to the Rome Statute here.
So you can see that the legal position is already getting
shaky.
And secondly, although it's not unknown for trials to be
held without the defendant in the dock, that's not an
option here. The ICC does not conduct trials in absentia,
so that avenue is closed off too.
Who else has faced this kind of trial?
The idea of trying people for crimes against humanity
pre-dates the existence of the ICC.
It began in 1945 after World War Two with the
Nuremberg Trials, which were held to punish key
members of the hierarchy in Nazi Germany for the
Holocaust and other atrocities.
Those included Nazi leader Adolf Hitler's deputy Rudolf
Hess, who was sentenced to life imprisonment and died
by his own hand in 1987.
Of course, Mr Putin has not actually been charged with
crimes against humanity, even though US Vice-President
Kamala Harris has argued that he should be.
And if he were, that would pose another legal dilemma as
the UN itself says, "crimes against humanity have not yet
been codified in a dedicated treaty of international law,
unlike genocide and war crimes, although there are
efforts to do so."
Other bespoke bodies have sought to convict those
accused of war crimes. That includes the International
Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, a UN
organisation that existed from 1993 to 2017.
During that time, it convicted and sentenced 90 people.
But arguably the most notorious of those indicted, former
Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic, died of a heart
attack in 2006 while in detention.
As for the ICC itself, it has so far indicted 40 individuals
apart from Mr Putin, all from African countries. Of those,
17 people have been detained at The Hague, 10 have
been convicted of crimes and four have been acquitted.
What does this mean for the war in Ukraine?
The arrest warrant is being seen as a signal from the
international community that what is taking place in
Ukraine is against international law.
The court says the reason it is going public with these
warrants is that these crimes are continuing. In doing so,
it is trying to deter further crimes taking place.
But, the main reaction from Russia so far has been to
dismiss the warrants as meaningless.
In fact, the Kremlin denies its forces have committed any
atrocities in Ukraine, and Mr Putin's spokesman called
the ICC's decision "outrageous and unacceptable".
Faced with such defiance, it seems unlikely that the ICC's
actions will have any impact on Russia's war in Ukraine -
and Mr Putin's "special military operation" will continue to grind mercilessly on.
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-64994992
A oração "Some countries, including Ukraine, have
signed the treaty" encontra-se no:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Fundação CETAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA
Prova:
Fundação CETAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA - Professor Licenciatura Plena - Língua Estrangeira Moderna |
Q3592288
Inglês
Texto associado
Will Vladimir Putin ever face a war crimes trial?
Published by Robert Plummer
BBC News
Although the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The
Hague has issued a warrant for President Vladimir
Putin's arrest, it is no more than the first step in a very
long process.
The United Nations clearly believes there is sufficient
evidence to accuse the Russian leader of war crimes in
Ukraine.
However the practical and logistical problems in pursuing
such a case are immense.
This is what the process of bringing Mr Putin to justice
could look like.
Can President Putin be arrested?
At present, the Russian leader enjoys unchallenged
power in his native land, so there is no prospect of the
Kremlin handing him over to the ICC.
As long as he stays put in Russia, he faces no risk of
being arrested.
Mr Putin could be detained if he leaves the country. But,
given the fact that his freedom of movement is already
severely limited by international sanctions against him, he
is unlikely to show up in a country that would want to put
him on trial.
Since Russian troops invaded Ukraine in February 2022,
he has visited just eight countries. Seven of those would
be considered by him to be part of Russia's "near
abroad" - that is, they were constituent parts of the Soviet
Union before it collapsed at the end of 1991.
His only recent destination that does not fall into this
category is Iran, which he visited in July last year to meet
the theocracy's Supreme Leader, Ali Khamenei.
Since Iran has helped the Russian war effort by
supplying drones and other military hardware, any repeat
visit to Tehran would be unlikely to place Mr Putin in any
jeopardy.
What war crimes is Russia accused of?
Will Putin actually face trial?
There are at least two big obstacles to that. Firstly,
Russia does not recognise the jurisdiction of the ICC.
The court was established in 2002 by a treaty known as
the Rome Statute.
This statute lays down that it is the duty of every state to
exercise its own criminal jurisdiction over those
responsible for international crimes. The ICC can only
intervene where a state is unable or unwilling to carry out
the investigation and prosecute perpetrators.
In all, 123 states have agreed to abide by it, but there are
some significant exceptions, including Russia.
Some countries, including Ukraine, have signed the
treaty, but not ratified it. You can see a full list of
countries that are party to the Rome Statute here.
So you can see that the legal position is already getting
shaky.
And secondly, although it's not unknown for trials to be
held without the defendant in the dock, that's not an
option here. The ICC does not conduct trials in absentia,
so that avenue is closed off too.
Who else has faced this kind of trial?
The idea of trying people for crimes against humanity
pre-dates the existence of the ICC.
It began in 1945 after World War Two with the
Nuremberg Trials, which were held to punish key
members of the hierarchy in Nazi Germany for the
Holocaust and other atrocities.
Those included Nazi leader Adolf Hitler's deputy Rudolf
Hess, who was sentenced to life imprisonment and died
by his own hand in 1987.
Of course, Mr Putin has not actually been charged with
crimes against humanity, even though US Vice-President
Kamala Harris has argued that he should be.
And if he were, that would pose another legal dilemma as
the UN itself says, "crimes against humanity have not yet
been codified in a dedicated treaty of international law,
unlike genocide and war crimes, although there are
efforts to do so."
Other bespoke bodies have sought to convict those
accused of war crimes. That includes the International
Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, a UN
organisation that existed from 1993 to 2017.
During that time, it convicted and sentenced 90 people.
But arguably the most notorious of those indicted, former
Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic, died of a heart
attack in 2006 while in detention.
As for the ICC itself, it has so far indicted 40 individuals
apart from Mr Putin, all from African countries. Of those,
17 people have been detained at The Hague, 10 have
been convicted of crimes and four have been acquitted.
What does this mean for the war in Ukraine?
The arrest warrant is being seen as a signal from the
international community that what is taking place in
Ukraine is against international law.
The court says the reason it is going public with these
warrants is that these crimes are continuing. In doing so,
it is trying to deter further crimes taking place.
But, the main reaction from Russia so far has been to
dismiss the warrants as meaningless.
In fact, the Kremlin denies its forces have committed any
atrocities in Ukraine, and Mr Putin's spokesman called
the ICC's decision "outrageous and unacceptable".
Faced with such defiance, it seems unlikely that the ICC's
actions will have any impact on Russia's war in Ukraine -
and Mr Putin's "special military operation" will continue to grind mercilessly on.
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-64994992
Após a leitura do texto, pode-se afirmar que:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Fundação CETAP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA
Prova:
Fundação CETAP - 2023 - Prefeitura de Óbidos - PA - Professor Licenciatura Plena - Língua Estrangeira Moderna |
Q3592287
Inglês
Texto associado
Will Vladimir Putin ever face a war crimes trial?
Published by Robert Plummer
BBC News
Although the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The
Hague has issued a warrant for President Vladimir
Putin's arrest, it is no more than the first step in a very
long process.
The United Nations clearly believes there is sufficient
evidence to accuse the Russian leader of war crimes in
Ukraine.
However the practical and logistical problems in pursuing
such a case are immense.
This is what the process of bringing Mr Putin to justice
could look like.
Can President Putin be arrested?
At present, the Russian leader enjoys unchallenged
power in his native land, so there is no prospect of the
Kremlin handing him over to the ICC.
As long as he stays put in Russia, he faces no risk of
being arrested.
Mr Putin could be detained if he leaves the country. But,
given the fact that his freedom of movement is already
severely limited by international sanctions against him, he
is unlikely to show up in a country that would want to put
him on trial.
Since Russian troops invaded Ukraine in February 2022,
he has visited just eight countries. Seven of those would
be considered by him to be part of Russia's "near
abroad" - that is, they were constituent parts of the Soviet
Union before it collapsed at the end of 1991.
His only recent destination that does not fall into this
category is Iran, which he visited in July last year to meet
the theocracy's Supreme Leader, Ali Khamenei.
Since Iran has helped the Russian war effort by
supplying drones and other military hardware, any repeat
visit to Tehran would be unlikely to place Mr Putin in any
jeopardy.
What war crimes is Russia accused of?
Will Putin actually face trial?
There are at least two big obstacles to that. Firstly,
Russia does not recognise the jurisdiction of the ICC.
The court was established in 2002 by a treaty known as
the Rome Statute.
This statute lays down that it is the duty of every state to
exercise its own criminal jurisdiction over those
responsible for international crimes. The ICC can only
intervene where a state is unable or unwilling to carry out
the investigation and prosecute perpetrators.
In all, 123 states have agreed to abide by it, but there are
some significant exceptions, including Russia.
Some countries, including Ukraine, have signed the
treaty, but not ratified it. You can see a full list of
countries that are party to the Rome Statute here.
So you can see that the legal position is already getting
shaky.
And secondly, although it's not unknown for trials to be
held without the defendant in the dock, that's not an
option here. The ICC does not conduct trials in absentia,
so that avenue is closed off too.
Who else has faced this kind of trial?
The idea of trying people for crimes against humanity
pre-dates the existence of the ICC.
It began in 1945 after World War Two with the
Nuremberg Trials, which were held to punish key
members of the hierarchy in Nazi Germany for the
Holocaust and other atrocities.
Those included Nazi leader Adolf Hitler's deputy Rudolf
Hess, who was sentenced to life imprisonment and died
by his own hand in 1987.
Of course, Mr Putin has not actually been charged with
crimes against humanity, even though US Vice-President
Kamala Harris has argued that he should be.
And if he were, that would pose another legal dilemma as
the UN itself says, "crimes against humanity have not yet
been codified in a dedicated treaty of international law,
unlike genocide and war crimes, although there are
efforts to do so."
Other bespoke bodies have sought to convict those
accused of war crimes. That includes the International
Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, a UN
organisation that existed from 1993 to 2017.
During that time, it convicted and sentenced 90 people.
But arguably the most notorious of those indicted, former
Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic, died of a heart
attack in 2006 while in detention.
As for the ICC itself, it has so far indicted 40 individuals
apart from Mr Putin, all from African countries. Of those,
17 people have been detained at The Hague, 10 have
been convicted of crimes and four have been acquitted.
What does this mean for the war in Ukraine?
The arrest warrant is being seen as a signal from the
international community that what is taking place in
Ukraine is against international law.
The court says the reason it is going public with these
warrants is that these crimes are continuing. In doing so,
it is trying to deter further crimes taking place.
But, the main reaction from Russia so far has been to
dismiss the warrants as meaningless.
In fact, the Kremlin denies its forces have committed any
atrocities in Ukraine, and Mr Putin's spokesman called
the ICC's decision "outrageous and unacceptable".
Faced with such defiance, it seems unlikely that the ICC's
actions will have any impact on Russia's war in Ukraine -
and Mr Putin's "special military operation" will continue to grind mercilessly on.
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-64994992
A partir da leitura do texto, pode-se afirmar que:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Itame
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO
Prova:
Itame - 2023 - Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO - Profissional do Magistério P-III - Letras |
Q3591036
Noções de Informática
Em relação ao pacote Office da Microsoft, qual o
software criado e próprio para exercer as funções de
preencher texto com uma imagem, definir, criar
molduras para imagem, inserir vídeos do YouTube na
apresentação, habilitar o play automático em vídeos,
gerar lorem ipsum em caixas de texto, criar botões
clicáveis e combinar formas:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Itame
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO
Prova:
Itame - 2023 - Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO - Profissional do Magistério P-III - Letras |
Q3591032
Legislação dos Municípios do Estado de Goiás
Com base na Lei Orgânica de Porangatu, analise
as assertivas e assinale a incorreta:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Itame
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO
Prova:
Itame - 2023 - Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO - Profissional do Magistério P-III - Letras |
Q3591031
Português
Texto associado
Leia o texto e, a seguir, responda à questão.
Pneu furado
Luís Fernando Veríssimo
O carro estava encostado no meio-fio, com
um pneu furado. De pé ao lado do carro, olhando
desconsoladamente para o pneu, uma moça muito
bonitinha.
Tão bonitinha que atrás parou outro carro e
dele desceu um homem dizendo “Pode deixar”. Ele
trocaria o pneu.
─ Você tem macaco? ─ perguntou o homem.
─ Não ─ respondeu a moça.
─ Tudo bem, eu tenho ─ disse o homem ─
Você tem estepe?
─ Não ─ disse a moça.
─ Vamos usar o meu ─ disse o homem.
E pôs-se a trabalhar, trocando o pneu, sob o
olhar da moça.
Terminou no momento em que chegava o
ônibus que a moça estava esperando. Ele ficou ali,
suando, de boca aberta, vendo o ônibus se afastar.
Dali a pouco chegou o dono do carro.
─ Puxa, você trocou o pneu pra mim. Muito
obrigado.
─ É. Eu… Eu não posso ver pneu furado.
Tenho que trocar.
─ Coisa estranha.
─ É uma compulsão. Sei lá.
Disponível em: https://armazemdetexto.blogspot.com/2017/12/texto-pneu-furado-luisfernando.html. Acesso em 15 ago. 2023.
No trecho “─ Puxa, você trocou o pneu pra mim.
Muito obrigado.”, pode-se afirmar que o termo “pra” é
um exemplo de linguagem
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Itame
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO
Prova:
Itame - 2023 - Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO - Profissional do Magistério P-III - Letras |
Q3591030
Literatura
Texto associado
Leia o texto e, a seguir, responda a questão.
LEMBRANÇA DE MORRER
Álvares de Azevedo
Quando em meu peito rebentar-se a fibra,
Que o espírito enlaça à dor vivente,
Não derramem por mim nenhuma lágrima
Em pálpebra demente.
E nem desfolhem na matéria impura
A flor do vale que adormece ao vento:
Não quero que uma nota de alegria
Se cale por meu triste passamento.
Eu deixo a vida como deixa o tédio
Do deserto, o poento caminheiro,
... Como as horas de um longo pesadelo
Que se desfaz ao dobre de um sineiro;
Como o desterro de minh’alma errante,
Onde fogo insensato a consumia:
Só levo uma saudade... é desses tempos
Que amorosa ilusão embelecia.
Só levo uma saudade... é dessas sombras
Que eu sentia velar nas noites minhas...
De ti, ó minha mãe, pobre coitada,
Que por minha tristeza te definhas!
De meu pai... de meus únicos amigos,
Pouco - bem poucos... e que não zombavam
Quando, em noites de febre endoudecido,
Minhas pálidas crenças duvidavam.
Se uma lágrima as pálpebras me inunda,
Se um suspiro nos seios treme ainda,
É pela virgem que sonhei... que nunca
Aos lábios me encostou a face linda!
Só tu à mocidade sonhadora
Do pálido poeta deste flores...
Se viveu, foi por ti! e de esperança
De na vida gozar de teus amores.
Beijarei a verdade santa e nua,
Verei cristalizar-se o sonho amigo...
Ó minha virgem dos errantes sonhos,
Filha do céu, eu vou amar contigo!
Descansem o meu leito solitário
Na floresta dos homens esquecida,
À sombra de uma cruz, e escrevam nela:
Foi poeta - sonhou - e amou na vida.
Sombras do vale, noites da montanha
Que minha alma cantou e amava tanto,
Protegei o meu corpo abandonado,
E no silêncio derramai-lhe canto!
Mas quando preludia ave d’aurora
E quando à meia-noite o céu repousa,
Arvoredos do bosque, abri os ramos...
Deixai a lua pratear-me a lousa!
Disponível em: https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/literatura/a-segundageracao-romantismo.htm1- Acesso em 10 ago. 2023.
O tema deste poema é
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Itame
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO
Prova:
Itame - 2023 - Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO - Profissional do Magistério P-III - Letras |
Q3591029
Literatura
Texto associado
Leia o texto e, a seguir, responda a questão.
LEMBRANÇA DE MORRER
Álvares de Azevedo
Quando em meu peito rebentar-se a fibra,
Que o espírito enlaça à dor vivente,
Não derramem por mim nenhuma lágrima
Em pálpebra demente.
E nem desfolhem na matéria impura
A flor do vale que adormece ao vento:
Não quero que uma nota de alegria
Se cale por meu triste passamento.
Eu deixo a vida como deixa o tédio
Do deserto, o poento caminheiro,
... Como as horas de um longo pesadelo
Que se desfaz ao dobre de um sineiro;
Como o desterro de minh’alma errante,
Onde fogo insensato a consumia:
Só levo uma saudade... é desses tempos
Que amorosa ilusão embelecia.
Só levo uma saudade... é dessas sombras
Que eu sentia velar nas noites minhas...
De ti, ó minha mãe, pobre coitada,
Que por minha tristeza te definhas!
De meu pai... de meus únicos amigos,
Pouco - bem poucos... e que não zombavam
Quando, em noites de febre endoudecido,
Minhas pálidas crenças duvidavam.
Se uma lágrima as pálpebras me inunda,
Se um suspiro nos seios treme ainda,
É pela virgem que sonhei... que nunca
Aos lábios me encostou a face linda!
Só tu à mocidade sonhadora
Do pálido poeta deste flores...
Se viveu, foi por ti! e de esperança
De na vida gozar de teus amores.
Beijarei a verdade santa e nua,
Verei cristalizar-se o sonho amigo...
Ó minha virgem dos errantes sonhos,
Filha do céu, eu vou amar contigo!
Descansem o meu leito solitário
Na floresta dos homens esquecida,
À sombra de uma cruz, e escrevam nela:
Foi poeta - sonhou - e amou na vida.
Sombras do vale, noites da montanha
Que minha alma cantou e amava tanto,
Protegei o meu corpo abandonado,
E no silêncio derramai-lhe canto!
Mas quando preludia ave d’aurora
E quando à meia-noite o céu repousa,
Arvoredos do bosque, abri os ramos...
Deixai a lua pratear-me a lousa!
Disponível em: https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/literatura/a-segundageracao-romantismo.htm1- Acesso em 10 ago. 2023.
O poema “Lembrança de Morrer”, do livro Lira
dos 20 anos, de Álvares de Azevedo, pertence ao
romantismo da segunda geração porque
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Itame
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO
Prova:
Itame - 2023 - Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO - Profissional do Magistério P-III - Letras |
Q3591026
Português
Texto associado
Leia o texto e, a seguir, responda à questão.
Machado de Assis e a choradeira dos críticos
Danilo Venticinque
Lançar versões simplificadas de clássicos da
literatura é uma prática comum em qualquer país do
mundo. A inexplicável polêmica sobre a adaptação
de O alienista para leitores jovens confirmou uma
verdade tão antiga quanto a obra de Machado de Assis:
a crítica literária brasileira tem o péssimo hábito de só
abrir a boca para reclamar.
Há exceções, é claro. Mas acompanhei o
empoeirado "debate" sobre a questão com tanta
preguiça que, em vez de apontar os culpados e
inocentes, prefiro jogar as carapuças para o alto. Azar
de quem decidir vesti-las.
Para quem não está por dentro da discussão
(que inveja!), ofereço aqui uma versão resumida e
simplificada dos fatos. Na semana passada, os críticos
literários brasileiros despertaram de suas catacumbas
ao ler a notícia de que a escritora Patrícia Secco
lançaria versões adaptadas de O alienista, de Machado
de Assis, e A pata da gazela, de José de Alencar. As duas obras serão distribuídas de graça pelo Instituto
Brasil Leitor, com uma tiragem total de 600 mil
exemplares. O objetivo é tornar clássicos da literatura
brasileira mais acessíveis para quem não tem o hábito
de ler.
Num país em que metade da população não leu
uma só página de um livro nos últimos três meses e a
média de tempo dedicado à leitura por dia é seis
minutos, qualquer iniciativa para divulgar a literatura
deveria ser bem-vinda. Mesmo se a qualidade das
adaptações de Patrícia se revelar duvidosa, é
impossível que a distribuição de centenas de milhares
de livros tenha algum impacto negativo.
Como já era previsto, porém, a iniciativa
provocou indignação. Surgiu um abaixo-assinado para
impedir o lançamento da edição simplificada. Alguns
disseram que ela deturparia a obra original. Outros,
que a leitura das obras na versão adaptada tiraria dos
leitores a oportunidade de enriquecer seu vocabulário.
Houve até quem dissesse que as adaptações em si nem
são uma ideia tão ruim, mas que Machado era
intocável.
Entre essas justificativas para a revolta, é
difícil dizer qual é a mais fraca. Os defensores da
"integridade" da obra parecem acreditar que o
lançamento da versão adaptada teria algum efeito
destrutivo sobre o original. O raciocínio é absurdo.
Obras literárias inspiram paródias e adaptações desde
sempre. Em vez de destruir a obra, cada nova versão
ajuda a divulgá-la e aumentar seu alcance. Os livros de
Machado de Assis não serão banidos das livrarias e da
internet. Eles sempre estarão disponíveis para quem
preferir lê-los no original. Não há motivo para histeria.
Acreditar que as versões simplificadas de Machado de
Assis emburrecerão a população é igualmente errôneo.
Quem defende esse argumento parte do pressuposto de
que vivemos num país de leitores ávidos de Machado
de Assis que, por pura preguiça, trocarão a versão
original pela adaptação e deixarão de enriquecer seu
vocabulário. Nada mais distante da realidade. A grande
maioria dos alunos foge da leitura obrigatória depois
de esbarrar na primeira palavra difícil e recorre a
resumos (ou à cola) para acertar a meia dúzia de
questões dedicadas a Machado nas provas escolares.
Muitos jamais dão outra chance aos clássicos da
literatura. Uma versão simplificada poderia diminuir o
choque e prepará-los para descobrir a obra original
mais tarde, quando estiverem prontos.
Por fim, não há nenhuma justificativa para a
crença de que Machado de Assis é intocável e não
deve ser adaptado. As livrarias estão cheias de
adaptações de Shakespeare, Homero e outros clássicos indiscutíveis da literatura. Se eles podem ser
adaptados, por que não Machado?
O que mais me chama atenção no discurso de
quem critica as adaptações de Machado de Assis é a
falta de propostas. Se adaptar Machado de Assis é uma
heresia, o que deve ser feito para incentivar a leitura no
Brasil? A resposta de todos os defensores da
integridade da literatura brasileira aparentemente é a
mesma. Devemos obrigar estudantes a ler Machado de
Assis na versão original e assistir, orgulhosos, ao
surgimento de uma nova geração de leitores cultos e
apaixonados pelos clássicos.
Parece promissor. Mas é isso o que as nossas
escolas já fazem há décadas. Não funciona. Aliás,
Machado de Assis provavelmente detestaria saber que
suas obras-primas são desperdiçadas em adolescentes
que, em sua maioria, não têm paciência nem
maturidade para entendê-las.
As versões originais de Machado de Assis
sempre serão melhores do que qualquer adaptação.
Disso, não há dúvida. O que os críticos puristas
precisam entender é que a questão não é essa. Não
existe uma disputa entre a versão original e a
simplificada. A versão original já está disponível em
inúmeros formatos para estudantes que, por diversos
motivos, não passam das primeiras páginas. Para eles,
a escolha é entre ler uma versão adaptada e
simplesmente não ler. Uma adaptação, por mais
rasteira que seja, pode ajudá-los a criar o hábito da
leitura. É pouco. Mas é melhor do que nada.
Disponível em: https://epoca.globo.com/colunas-e-blogs/daniloventicinque/noticia/2014/05/machado-de-assis-e-bchoradeira-dos-criticosb.html.
Acesso em: 18 ago. 2023.
O autor do texto defende a opinião de que
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Itame
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO
Prova:
Itame - 2023 - Prefeitura de Porangatu - GO - Profissional do Magistério P-III - Letras |
Q3591025
Português
Texto associado
Leia o texto e, a seguir, responda à questão.
Machado de Assis e a choradeira dos críticos
Danilo Venticinque
Lançar versões simplificadas de clássicos da
literatura é uma prática comum em qualquer país do
mundo. A inexplicável polêmica sobre a adaptação
de O alienista para leitores jovens confirmou uma
verdade tão antiga quanto a obra de Machado de Assis:
a crítica literária brasileira tem o péssimo hábito de só
abrir a boca para reclamar.
Há exceções, é claro. Mas acompanhei o
empoeirado "debate" sobre a questão com tanta
preguiça que, em vez de apontar os culpados e
inocentes, prefiro jogar as carapuças para o alto. Azar
de quem decidir vesti-las.
Para quem não está por dentro da discussão
(que inveja!), ofereço aqui uma versão resumida e
simplificada dos fatos. Na semana passada, os críticos
literários brasileiros despertaram de suas catacumbas
ao ler a notícia de que a escritora Patrícia Secco
lançaria versões adaptadas de O alienista, de Machado
de Assis, e A pata da gazela, de José de Alencar. As duas obras serão distribuídas de graça pelo Instituto
Brasil Leitor, com uma tiragem total de 600 mil
exemplares. O objetivo é tornar clássicos da literatura
brasileira mais acessíveis para quem não tem o hábito
de ler.
Num país em que metade da população não leu
uma só página de um livro nos últimos três meses e a
média de tempo dedicado à leitura por dia é seis
minutos, qualquer iniciativa para divulgar a literatura
deveria ser bem-vinda. Mesmo se a qualidade das
adaptações de Patrícia se revelar duvidosa, é
impossível que a distribuição de centenas de milhares
de livros tenha algum impacto negativo.
Como já era previsto, porém, a iniciativa
provocou indignação. Surgiu um abaixo-assinado para
impedir o lançamento da edição simplificada. Alguns
disseram que ela deturparia a obra original. Outros,
que a leitura das obras na versão adaptada tiraria dos
leitores a oportunidade de enriquecer seu vocabulário.
Houve até quem dissesse que as adaptações em si nem
são uma ideia tão ruim, mas que Machado era
intocável.
Entre essas justificativas para a revolta, é
difícil dizer qual é a mais fraca. Os defensores da
"integridade" da obra parecem acreditar que o
lançamento da versão adaptada teria algum efeito
destrutivo sobre o original. O raciocínio é absurdo.
Obras literárias inspiram paródias e adaptações desde
sempre. Em vez de destruir a obra, cada nova versão
ajuda a divulgá-la e aumentar seu alcance. Os livros de
Machado de Assis não serão banidos das livrarias e da
internet. Eles sempre estarão disponíveis para quem
preferir lê-los no original. Não há motivo para histeria.
Acreditar que as versões simplificadas de Machado de
Assis emburrecerão a população é igualmente errôneo.
Quem defende esse argumento parte do pressuposto de
que vivemos num país de leitores ávidos de Machado
de Assis que, por pura preguiça, trocarão a versão
original pela adaptação e deixarão de enriquecer seu
vocabulário. Nada mais distante da realidade. A grande
maioria dos alunos foge da leitura obrigatória depois
de esbarrar na primeira palavra difícil e recorre a
resumos (ou à cola) para acertar a meia dúzia de
questões dedicadas a Machado nas provas escolares.
Muitos jamais dão outra chance aos clássicos da
literatura. Uma versão simplificada poderia diminuir o
choque e prepará-los para descobrir a obra original
mais tarde, quando estiverem prontos.
Por fim, não há nenhuma justificativa para a
crença de que Machado de Assis é intocável e não
deve ser adaptado. As livrarias estão cheias de
adaptações de Shakespeare, Homero e outros clássicos indiscutíveis da literatura. Se eles podem ser
adaptados, por que não Machado?
O que mais me chama atenção no discurso de
quem critica as adaptações de Machado de Assis é a
falta de propostas. Se adaptar Machado de Assis é uma
heresia, o que deve ser feito para incentivar a leitura no
Brasil? A resposta de todos os defensores da
integridade da literatura brasileira aparentemente é a
mesma. Devemos obrigar estudantes a ler Machado de
Assis na versão original e assistir, orgulhosos, ao
surgimento de uma nova geração de leitores cultos e
apaixonados pelos clássicos.
Parece promissor. Mas é isso o que as nossas
escolas já fazem há décadas. Não funciona. Aliás,
Machado de Assis provavelmente detestaria saber que
suas obras-primas são desperdiçadas em adolescentes
que, em sua maioria, não têm paciência nem
maturidade para entendê-las.
As versões originais de Machado de Assis
sempre serão melhores do que qualquer adaptação.
Disso, não há dúvida. O que os críticos puristas
precisam entender é que a questão não é essa. Não
existe uma disputa entre a versão original e a
simplificada. A versão original já está disponível em
inúmeros formatos para estudantes que, por diversos
motivos, não passam das primeiras páginas. Para eles,
a escolha é entre ler uma versão adaptada e
simplesmente não ler. Uma adaptação, por mais
rasteira que seja, pode ajudá-los a criar o hábito da
leitura. É pouco. Mas é melhor do que nada.
Disponível em: https://epoca.globo.com/colunas-e-blogs/daniloventicinque/noticia/2014/05/machado-de-assis-e-bchoradeira-dos-criticosb.html.
Acesso em: 18 ago. 2023.
No trecho, “As livrarias estão cheias de adaptações
de Shakespeare, Homero e outros clássicos
indiscutíveis da literatura. Se eles podem ser
adaptados, por que não Machado?”, a palavra
“Machado” corresponde a uma
Conheça nossos planos