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Q3482783
Pedagogia Aspectos Psicológicos da Educação , Educação Infantil ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor Básico I - Educação Infantil |
Q3482783 Pedagogia
Sobre Os processos de desenvolvimento e aprendizagem infantil, analise os itens a seguir: 

I. O desenvolvimento e aprendizagem infantil ocorrem continuamente nas relações que a criança estabelece desde seu nascimento, iniciando com seus pais e, depois, com cuidadores e professores, profissionais de saúde, outras crianças e indivíduos da comunidade na qual está crescendo.
II. As crianças experienciam e aprendem no mundo através dos relacionamentos socioafetivos, e estes, por sua vez, influenciam todos os aspectos do desenvolvimento infantil.
III. A criança se beneficia de suas próprias ações em relação às pessoas com que convive e aos objetos que utiliza em seu cotidiano e nas brincadeiras. O estímulo ao desenvolvimento neurológico é necessário, cabendo ao cuidador oferecer atenção, reagir às iniciativas de interação infantil, servindo de referência para a criança.
IV. Interações que estimulam a afetividade geram vínculos consistentes, os quais encorajam a autonomia e são necessários para que a criança gradualmente entenda a si própria, sua importância na vida dos outros e futuramente na sociedade.
V. As crianças envolvidas em relações com empobrecimento afetivo e negligenciada funcionam como fatores de risco para distúrbios psicossociais no futuro.

Estão CORRETOS: 
Alternativas
Q3482782
Pedagogia Aspectos Psicológicos da Educação , Educação Infantil ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor Básico I - Educação Infantil |
Q3482782 Pedagogia
Analise os conceitos a seguir e atribua:
1. Primeira Infância. 2. Desenvolvimento. 3. Aprendizagem. 4. Aprendizado.

( )Conteúdo a ser aprendido.
( )O período que vai desde o nascimento até os 6 anos de idade.
( )Construção e aquisição de novas habilidades de forma contínua, dinâmica e progressiva para a realização de funções cada vez mais complexas. Trata-se de um conceito amplo que engloba o crescimento e maturação em diversos contextos.
( )Processo de construção, aquisição e apropriação de conhecimento. Prática do exercício de aprender.

Assinale a sequência CORRETA: 
Alternativas
Q3482781
Direito da Criança e do Adolescente - Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA) - Lei nº 8.069 de 1990 Lei nº 13.257 de 2016 - Estatuto da Primeira Infância ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor Básico I - Educação Infantil |
Q3482781 Direito da Criança e do Adolescente - Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA) - Lei nº 8.069 de 1990
De acordo com o Art. 4º, Parágrafo Único da Lei nº 12.852/13 – (Estatuto da Juventude), Parágrafo único, entende-se por participação juvenil:

I. A inclusão do jovem nos espaços públicos e comunitários a partir da sua concepção como pessoa ativa, livre, responsável e digna de ocupar uma posição central nos processos políticos e sociais.
II. O envolvimento ativo dos jovens em ações de políticas públicas que tenham por objetivo o próprio benefício, o de suas comunidades, cidades e regiões e o do País.
III. A participação individual e coletiva do jovem em ações que contemplem a defesa dos direitos da juventude ou de temas afetos aos jovens.
IV. A efetiva inclusão dos jovens nos espaços públicos de decisão com direito a voz e voto.

Estão CORRETOS: 
Alternativas
Q3482780
Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência - Lei nº 13.146 de 2015 Direitos Fundamentais no Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência , Acessibilidade ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor Básico I - Educação Infantil |
Q3482780 Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência - Lei nº 13.146 de 2015
De acordo com art. 28 da Lei nº Lei nº 13.146, de 6 de julho de 2015, Incumbe ao poder público assegurar, criar, desenvolver, implementar, incentivar, acompanhar e avaliar, entre outros:
Assinale a alternativa INCORRETA:
Alternativas
Q3482777
Pedagogia Legislação da Educação ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor Básico I - Educação Infantil |
Q3482777 Pedagogia
De acordo com o Art. 4º da Lei nº 9.394/96 – LDB, O dever do Estado com educação escolar pública será efetivado mediante a garantia de, entre outros:
Assinale a alternativa INCORRETA:
Alternativas
Q3482505
Inglês Palavras conectivas | Connective words ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3482505 Inglês
TEXT 2

GRAMMAR


Most English language teachers are probably comfortable using the word ‘grammar’. There is an established grammatical tradition within ELT, and terms such as ‘tense’, ‘conditional form’, or ‘defining relative clause’ are likely to be familiar even to relatively inexperienced teachers. Grammar is often thought of as something reliable and predictable, but although the term is a keyword in the ELT profession, it is somewhat under-examined. A look at the word’s history reveals a perhaps surprising amount of variation and inconsistency.

The word ‘grammar’ comes originally from Ancient Greek grammatike (‘pertaining to letters/written language’). Grammar was one of the ‘liberal arts’ taught in Ancient Greece, and in Rome from around the fifth century BC, although at this time it was a wider area of study than today, including textual and aesthetic criticism and literary history. Its study continued in Europe in medieval times and beyond, with grammar being taught at schools alongside logic and rhetoric in what was known as the ‘trivium’.

The tradition of studying the grammar of English in British schools did not emerge until the 16th century (Howatt with Widdowson 2004: 77) — until then, studying grammar at school meant studying Latin or Ancient Greek, not vernacular languages. Indeed, the first grammar of English, Bullokar’s Pamphlet for Grammar (1586), is said to have been written to demonstrate that the English language was in fact rule-based and could be analysed in the same way as Latin (Linn 2006: 74).

Grammar has lost its status as a distinct subject in the school curriculum but the word has continued (since 1530 according to the Oxford English Dictionary) to be used as a countable noun meaning ‘a book describing the grammar of a language’.


Content extracted and adapted from: https://academic.oup.com/eltj/articleabstract/74/2/198/5805512?redirectedFrom=fulltext
In the excerpt “Indeed, the first grammar of English, Bullokar’s Pamphlet for Grammar (1586), is said to have been written to demonstrate that the English language was in fact rule-based and could be analysed in the same way as Latin” (from paragraph 3), the underlined word (“Indeed”) can be correctly classified as:
Alternativas
Q3482504
Inglês Verbos | Verbs ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3482504 Inglês
TEXT 2

GRAMMAR


Most English language teachers are probably comfortable using the word ‘grammar’. There is an established grammatical tradition within ELT, and terms such as ‘tense’, ‘conditional form’, or ‘defining relative clause’ are likely to be familiar even to relatively inexperienced teachers. Grammar is often thought of as something reliable and predictable, but although the term is a keyword in the ELT profession, it is somewhat under-examined. A look at the word’s history reveals a perhaps surprising amount of variation and inconsistency.

The word ‘grammar’ comes originally from Ancient Greek grammatike (‘pertaining to letters/written language’). Grammar was one of the ‘liberal arts’ taught in Ancient Greece, and in Rome from around the fifth century BC, although at this time it was a wider area of study than today, including textual and aesthetic criticism and literary history. Its study continued in Europe in medieval times and beyond, with grammar being taught at schools alongside logic and rhetoric in what was known as the ‘trivium’.

The tradition of studying the grammar of English in British schools did not emerge until the 16th century (Howatt with Widdowson 2004: 77) — until then, studying grammar at school meant studying Latin or Ancient Greek, not vernacular languages. Indeed, the first grammar of English, Bullokar’s Pamphlet for Grammar (1586), is said to have been written to demonstrate that the English language was in fact rule-based and could be analysed in the same way as Latin (Linn 2006: 74).

Grammar has lost its status as a distinct subject in the school curriculum but the word has continued (since 1530 according to the Oxford English Dictionary) to be used as a countable noun meaning ‘a book describing the grammar of a language’.


Content extracted and adapted from: https://academic.oup.com/eltj/articleabstract/74/2/198/5805512?redirectedFrom=fulltext
In the sentence “A look at the word’s history reveals a perhaps surprising amount of variation and inconsistency” (1st paragraph), the underlined word (“reveals”) ends with an “s” for the same reason as in:
Alternativas
Q3482503
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3482503 Inglês
TEXT 2

GRAMMAR


Most English language teachers are probably comfortable using the word ‘grammar’. There is an established grammatical tradition within ELT, and terms such as ‘tense’, ‘conditional form’, or ‘defining relative clause’ are likely to be familiar even to relatively inexperienced teachers. Grammar is often thought of as something reliable and predictable, but although the term is a keyword in the ELT profession, it is somewhat under-examined. A look at the word’s history reveals a perhaps surprising amount of variation and inconsistency.

The word ‘grammar’ comes originally from Ancient Greek grammatike (‘pertaining to letters/written language’). Grammar was one of the ‘liberal arts’ taught in Ancient Greece, and in Rome from around the fifth century BC, although at this time it was a wider area of study than today, including textual and aesthetic criticism and literary history. Its study continued in Europe in medieval times and beyond, with grammar being taught at schools alongside logic and rhetoric in what was known as the ‘trivium’.

The tradition of studying the grammar of English in British schools did not emerge until the 16th century (Howatt with Widdowson 2004: 77) — until then, studying grammar at school meant studying Latin or Ancient Greek, not vernacular languages. Indeed, the first grammar of English, Bullokar’s Pamphlet for Grammar (1586), is said to have been written to demonstrate that the English language was in fact rule-based and could be analysed in the same way as Latin (Linn 2006: 74).

Grammar has lost its status as a distinct subject in the school curriculum but the word has continued (since 1530 according to the Oxford English Dictionary) to be used as a countable noun meaning ‘a book describing the grammar of a language’.


Content extracted and adapted from: https://academic.oup.com/eltj/articleabstract/74/2/198/5805512?redirectedFrom=fulltext
According to Text 2, what does the Oxford English Dictionary say about the term "grammar”?
Alternativas
Q3482502
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3482502 Inglês
TEXT 2

GRAMMAR


Most English language teachers are probably comfortable using the word ‘grammar’. There is an established grammatical tradition within ELT, and terms such as ‘tense’, ‘conditional form’, or ‘defining relative clause’ are likely to be familiar even to relatively inexperienced teachers. Grammar is often thought of as something reliable and predictable, but although the term is a keyword in the ELT profession, it is somewhat under-examined. A look at the word’s history reveals a perhaps surprising amount of variation and inconsistency.

The word ‘grammar’ comes originally from Ancient Greek grammatike (‘pertaining to letters/written language’). Grammar was one of the ‘liberal arts’ taught in Ancient Greece, and in Rome from around the fifth century BC, although at this time it was a wider area of study than today, including textual and aesthetic criticism and literary history. Its study continued in Europe in medieval times and beyond, with grammar being taught at schools alongside logic and rhetoric in what was known as the ‘trivium’.

The tradition of studying the grammar of English in British schools did not emerge until the 16th century (Howatt with Widdowson 2004: 77) — until then, studying grammar at school meant studying Latin or Ancient Greek, not vernacular languages. Indeed, the first grammar of English, Bullokar’s Pamphlet for Grammar (1586), is said to have been written to demonstrate that the English language was in fact rule-based and could be analysed in the same way as Latin (Linn 2006: 74).

Grammar has lost its status as a distinct subject in the school curriculum but the word has continued (since 1530 according to the Oxford English Dictionary) to be used as a countable noun meaning ‘a book describing the grammar of a language’.


Content extracted and adapted from: https://academic.oup.com/eltj/articleabstract/74/2/198/5805512?redirectedFrom=fulltext
According to Text 2, what was the first grammar book of the English language?
Alternativas
Q3482501
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3482501 Inglês
TEXT 2

GRAMMAR


Most English language teachers are probably comfortable using the word ‘grammar’. There is an established grammatical tradition within ELT, and terms such as ‘tense’, ‘conditional form’, or ‘defining relative clause’ are likely to be familiar even to relatively inexperienced teachers. Grammar is often thought of as something reliable and predictable, but although the term is a keyword in the ELT profession, it is somewhat under-examined. A look at the word’s history reveals a perhaps surprising amount of variation and inconsistency.

The word ‘grammar’ comes originally from Ancient Greek grammatike (‘pertaining to letters/written language’). Grammar was one of the ‘liberal arts’ taught in Ancient Greece, and in Rome from around the fifth century BC, although at this time it was a wider area of study than today, including textual and aesthetic criticism and literary history. Its study continued in Europe in medieval times and beyond, with grammar being taught at schools alongside logic and rhetoric in what was known as the ‘trivium’.

The tradition of studying the grammar of English in British schools did not emerge until the 16th century (Howatt with Widdowson 2004: 77) — until then, studying grammar at school meant studying Latin or Ancient Greek, not vernacular languages. Indeed, the first grammar of English, Bullokar’s Pamphlet for Grammar (1586), is said to have been written to demonstrate that the English language was in fact rule-based and could be analysed in the same way as Latin (Linn 2006: 74).

Grammar has lost its status as a distinct subject in the school curriculum but the word has continued (since 1530 according to the Oxford English Dictionary) to be used as a countable noun meaning ‘a book describing the grammar of a language’.


Content extracted and adapted from: https://academic.oup.com/eltj/articleabstract/74/2/198/5805512?redirectedFrom=fulltext
What does Text 2 suggest about the status of grammar in today’s school curriculum?
Alternativas
Q3482500
Inglês Palavras conectivas | Connective words ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3482500 Inglês
TEXT 1


NATIVE-SPEAKERISM

Framing the Issue


Native-speakerism is an ideology that upholdsthe idea that so-called “native speakers” are the best models and teachers of English because they represent a “Western culture” from which spring the ideals both of English and of the methodology for teaching it (Holliday, 2005, p. 6). As an ideology, it is a system of ideas that represents a distorted worldview that supports a particular vested interest. The vested interest in the case of nativespeakerism is the promotion by the ELT industry of the so-called “native speaker” brand. The realization that this is an ideologically constructed brand derives from Phillipson’s (1992) linguistic imperialism thesis that the concept of the “native speaker” as a superior model and teacher was explicitly constructed by American and British aid agencies in the 1960s to support their agenda of spreading English as a global product.

Further indication that the “native speaker” brand is an ideological construction is that the native-non-native speaker distinction is not self-evident on technical linguistic or even nationality grounds. It is instead a professionally popularized distinction that has been falsely associated with cultural orientation (Kubota & Lin, 2006). Teachers who are labeled “native speakers” have been falsely idealized as organized and autonomous in fitting with the common yet mistaken description of so-called “individualist cultures” of the West; while teachers who are labeled “non-native speakers” are demonized as deficient in these attributes in fitting with the common yet mistaken description of so-called “collectivist cultures” of the non-West (Holliday, 2005, p. 19, citing Kubota, Kumaravadivelu, Nayar, and Pennycook). The collectivist stereotype is itself considered to be a Western construction of non-Western cultural deficiency. An example of this is a British teacher’s reference to a superior “native speaker” “birthright” at the same time as criticizing, albeit without foundation, not only the linguistic and pedagogic performance, but also the cultural background and proficiency of his “non-native speaker” colleagues (Holliday & Aboshiha, 2009, p. 667). 

The Othering of teachers who are labeled “non-native speakers” therefore results in a cultural disbelief—not believing in their ability to teach English within a Western, and indeed superficially constructed “learning group ideal” that is characterized by “active” oral expression, initiation, self-direction, and students working in groups and pairs (Holliday, 2005, p. 44). The association of the “non-native speaker” label with deficiency is also deeply rooted within a wider and equally mistaken Western perception that people from non-Western cultural backgrounds are unable to be critical and self-determined.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: https://adrianholliday.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/nativespeakerism-proofs.pdf
In the sentence “The Othering of teachers who are labeled “non-native speakers” therefore results in a cultural disbelief” (3rd paragraph), the underlined word (“therefore”) can be CORRECTLY classified as:
Alternativas
Q3482499
Inglês Verbos | Verbs ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3482499 Inglês
TEXT 1


NATIVE-SPEAKERISM

Framing the Issue


Native-speakerism is an ideology that upholdsthe idea that so-called “native speakers” are the best models and teachers of English because they represent a “Western culture” from which spring the ideals both of English and of the methodology for teaching it (Holliday, 2005, p. 6). As an ideology, it is a system of ideas that represents a distorted worldview that supports a particular vested interest. The vested interest in the case of nativespeakerism is the promotion by the ELT industry of the so-called “native speaker” brand. The realization that this is an ideologically constructed brand derives from Phillipson’s (1992) linguistic imperialism thesis that the concept of the “native speaker” as a superior model and teacher was explicitly constructed by American and British aid agencies in the 1960s to support their agenda of spreading English as a global product.

Further indication that the “native speaker” brand is an ideological construction is that the native-non-native speaker distinction is not self-evident on technical linguistic or even nationality grounds. It is instead a professionally popularized distinction that has been falsely associated with cultural orientation (Kubota & Lin, 2006). Teachers who are labeled “native speakers” have been falsely idealized as organized and autonomous in fitting with the common yet mistaken description of so-called “individualist cultures” of the West; while teachers who are labeled “non-native speakers” are demonized as deficient in these attributes in fitting with the common yet mistaken description of so-called “collectivist cultures” of the non-West (Holliday, 2005, p. 19, citing Kubota, Kumaravadivelu, Nayar, and Pennycook). The collectivist stereotype is itself considered to be a Western construction of non-Western cultural deficiency. An example of this is a British teacher’s reference to a superior “native speaker” “birthright” at the same time as criticizing, albeit without foundation, not only the linguistic and pedagogic performance, but also the cultural background and proficiency of his “non-native speaker” colleagues (Holliday & Aboshiha, 2009, p. 667). 

The Othering of teachers who are labeled “non-native speakers” therefore results in a cultural disbelief—not believing in their ability to teach English within a Western, and indeed superficially constructed “learning group ideal” that is characterized by “active” oral expression, initiation, self-direction, and students working in groups and pairs (Holliday, 2005, p. 44). The association of the “non-native speaker” label with deficiency is also deeply rooted within a wider and equally mistaken Western perception that people from non-Western cultural backgrounds are unable to be critical and self-determined.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: https://adrianholliday.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/nativespeakerism-proofs.pdf
In the sentence “Native-speakerism is an ideology that upholds the idea that so-called “native speakers” are the best models and teachers of English because they represent a “Western culture” from which spring the ideals both of English and of the methodology for teaching it” (paragraph 1), the underlined word (“spring”) can be correctly classified as:
Alternativas
Q3482498
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Ensino da Língua Estrangeira Inglesa ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3482498 Inglês
TEXT 1


NATIVE-SPEAKERISM

Framing the Issue


Native-speakerism is an ideology that upholdsthe idea that so-called “native speakers” are the best models and teachers of English because they represent a “Western culture” from which spring the ideals both of English and of the methodology for teaching it (Holliday, 2005, p. 6). As an ideology, it is a system of ideas that represents a distorted worldview that supports a particular vested interest. The vested interest in the case of nativespeakerism is the promotion by the ELT industry of the so-called “native speaker” brand. The realization that this is an ideologically constructed brand derives from Phillipson’s (1992) linguistic imperialism thesis that the concept of the “native speaker” as a superior model and teacher was explicitly constructed by American and British aid agencies in the 1960s to support their agenda of spreading English as a global product.

Further indication that the “native speaker” brand is an ideological construction is that the native-non-native speaker distinction is not self-evident on technical linguistic or even nationality grounds. It is instead a professionally popularized distinction that has been falsely associated with cultural orientation (Kubota & Lin, 2006). Teachers who are labeled “native speakers” have been falsely idealized as organized and autonomous in fitting with the common yet mistaken description of so-called “individualist cultures” of the West; while teachers who are labeled “non-native speakers” are demonized as deficient in these attributes in fitting with the common yet mistaken description of so-called “collectivist cultures” of the non-West (Holliday, 2005, p. 19, citing Kubota, Kumaravadivelu, Nayar, and Pennycook). The collectivist stereotype is itself considered to be a Western construction of non-Western cultural deficiency. An example of this is a British teacher’s reference to a superior “native speaker” “birthright” at the same time as criticizing, albeit without foundation, not only the linguistic and pedagogic performance, but also the cultural background and proficiency of his “non-native speaker” colleagues (Holliday & Aboshiha, 2009, p. 667). 

The Othering of teachers who are labeled “non-native speakers” therefore results in a cultural disbelief—not believing in their ability to teach English within a Western, and indeed superficially constructed “learning group ideal” that is characterized by “active” oral expression, initiation, self-direction, and students working in groups and pairs (Holliday, 2005, p. 44). The association of the “non-native speaker” label with deficiency is also deeply rooted within a wider and equally mistaken Western perception that people from non-Western cultural backgrounds are unable to be critical and self-determined.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: https://adrianholliday.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/nativespeakerism-proofs.pdf
Based on Text 1, which institutions contributed to the creation of the native-speaker model, according to Phillipson?
Alternativas
Q3482497
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Ensino da Língua Estrangeira Inglesa ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3482497 Inglês
TEXT 1


NATIVE-SPEAKERISM

Framing the Issue


Native-speakerism is an ideology that upholdsthe idea that so-called “native speakers” are the best models and teachers of English because they represent a “Western culture” from which spring the ideals both of English and of the methodology for teaching it (Holliday, 2005, p. 6). As an ideology, it is a system of ideas that represents a distorted worldview that supports a particular vested interest. The vested interest in the case of nativespeakerism is the promotion by the ELT industry of the so-called “native speaker” brand. The realization that this is an ideologically constructed brand derives from Phillipson’s (1992) linguistic imperialism thesis that the concept of the “native speaker” as a superior model and teacher was explicitly constructed by American and British aid agencies in the 1960s to support their agenda of spreading English as a global product.

Further indication that the “native speaker” brand is an ideological construction is that the native-non-native speaker distinction is not self-evident on technical linguistic or even nationality grounds. It is instead a professionally popularized distinction that has been falsely associated with cultural orientation (Kubota & Lin, 2006). Teachers who are labeled “native speakers” have been falsely idealized as organized and autonomous in fitting with the common yet mistaken description of so-called “individualist cultures” of the West; while teachers who are labeled “non-native speakers” are demonized as deficient in these attributes in fitting with the common yet mistaken description of so-called “collectivist cultures” of the non-West (Holliday, 2005, p. 19, citing Kubota, Kumaravadivelu, Nayar, and Pennycook). The collectivist stereotype is itself considered to be a Western construction of non-Western cultural deficiency. An example of this is a British teacher’s reference to a superior “native speaker” “birthright” at the same time as criticizing, albeit without foundation, not only the linguistic and pedagogic performance, but also the cultural background and proficiency of his “non-native speaker” colleagues (Holliday & Aboshiha, 2009, p. 667). 

The Othering of teachers who are labeled “non-native speakers” therefore results in a cultural disbelief—not believing in their ability to teach English within a Western, and indeed superficially constructed “learning group ideal” that is characterized by “active” oral expression, initiation, self-direction, and students working in groups and pairs (Holliday, 2005, p. 44). The association of the “non-native speaker” label with deficiency is also deeply rooted within a wider and equally mistaken Western perception that people from non-Western cultural backgrounds are unable to be critical and self-determined.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: https://adrianholliday.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/nativespeakerism-proofs.pdf
According to text 1, what is native-speakerism mainly based on?
Alternativas
Q3482496
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3482496 Inglês
TEXT 1


NATIVE-SPEAKERISM

Framing the Issue


Native-speakerism is an ideology that upholdsthe idea that so-called “native speakers” are the best models and teachers of English because they represent a “Western culture” from which spring the ideals both of English and of the methodology for teaching it (Holliday, 2005, p. 6). As an ideology, it is a system of ideas that represents a distorted worldview that supports a particular vested interest. The vested interest in the case of nativespeakerism is the promotion by the ELT industry of the so-called “native speaker” brand. The realization that this is an ideologically constructed brand derives from Phillipson’s (1992) linguistic imperialism thesis that the concept of the “native speaker” as a superior model and teacher was explicitly constructed by American and British aid agencies in the 1960s to support their agenda of spreading English as a global product.

Further indication that the “native speaker” brand is an ideological construction is that the native-non-native speaker distinction is not self-evident on technical linguistic or even nationality grounds. It is instead a professionally popularized distinction that has been falsely associated with cultural orientation (Kubota & Lin, 2006). Teachers who are labeled “native speakers” have been falsely idealized as organized and autonomous in fitting with the common yet mistaken description of so-called “individualist cultures” of the West; while teachers who are labeled “non-native speakers” are demonized as deficient in these attributes in fitting with the common yet mistaken description of so-called “collectivist cultures” of the non-West (Holliday, 2005, p. 19, citing Kubota, Kumaravadivelu, Nayar, and Pennycook). The collectivist stereotype is itself considered to be a Western construction of non-Western cultural deficiency. An example of this is a British teacher’s reference to a superior “native speaker” “birthright” at the same time as criticizing, albeit without foundation, not only the linguistic and pedagogic performance, but also the cultural background and proficiency of his “non-native speaker” colleagues (Holliday & Aboshiha, 2009, p. 667). 

The Othering of teachers who are labeled “non-native speakers” therefore results in a cultural disbelief—not believing in their ability to teach English within a Western, and indeed superficially constructed “learning group ideal” that is characterized by “active” oral expression, initiation, self-direction, and students working in groups and pairs (Holliday, 2005, p. 44). The association of the “non-native speaker” label with deficiency is also deeply rooted within a wider and equally mistaken Western perception that people from non-Western cultural backgrounds are unable to be critical and self-determined.


Excerpt extracted and adapted from: https://adrianholliday.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/nativespeakerism-proofs.pdf
According to Text 1, choose the alternative that CORRECTLY summarizes its general idea:
Alternativas
Q3482345
Geografia População ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor da Educação II - Geografia |
Q3482345 Geografia
A população é um dos principais indicadores para a compreensão das dinâmicas sociais, econômicas e territoriais de um estado. No caso da Paraíba, fatores como urbanização, migração e desigualdade regional influenciam significativamente sua distribuição demográfica. A análise populacional permite compreender melhor os desafios e potencialidades do estado no planejamento de políticas públicas.
De acordo com as informações obtidas no site do IBGE a População Estimada em 2024 do estado é:
Assinale a alternativa CORRETA:
Alternativas
Q3482344
Geografia Geografia Física , Regionalização Brasileira ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor da Educação II - Geografia |
Q3482344 Geografia
A Paraíba é um estado com notável diversidade natural, possuindo relevo que inclui planícies litorâneas, depressões e planalto da Borborema. Essa configuração topográfica influencia diretamente seus tipos de clima, que variam entre litoral úmido e interior semiárido. Com base nisso, julgue as assertivas:

I. A Paraíba é um dos estados brasileiros que formam a região Nordeste do Brasil. Situado entre o Ceará, o Rio Grande do Norte e Pernambuco, o estado é composto pelas formas de relevo que caracterizam a Depressão Sertaneja e o Planalto da Borborema, além da planície litorânea a leste.

II. A economia paraibana é liderada pelo setor terciário, seguido da indústria, sobretudo da construção civil e da produção de couros e de calçados. Na agricultura, a cana-de-açúcar se sobressai.

III. Dois tipos climáticos são predominantes na Paraíba: o semiárido, que se distribui na porção ocidental do estado, e o tropical quente e úmido, que se concentra principalmente nas regiões próximas ao litoral.

IV. A Paraíba está inserida em três unidades morfológicas. A primeira delas, que corresponde às terras ocidentais, é a Depressão Sertaneja. A segunda é o Planalto da Borborema, que se estende pela porção leste do estado e por uma faixa litorânea próxima ao Rio Grande do Norte.

Estão CORRETAS: 
Alternativas
Q3482339
Geografia Industrialização , Geografia Econômica ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor da Educação II - Geografia |
Q3482339 Geografia
Com base nas diferentes fases do processo de industrialização no Brasil, analise as afirmações a seguir:

I. A substituição de importações, impulsionada pela crise de 1929 e pela Segunda Guerra Mundial, favoreceu a produção interna e marcou um avanço na industrialização nacional.

II. Governos como o de Getúlio Vargas (1930-1945) criaram medidas de incentivo, como protecionismo e grandes empresas estatais, que fortaleceram a indústria.

III. A industrialização brasileira manteve-se constante e acelerada durante os anos 1980, consolidando-se como uma das mais avançadas da América Latina.

IV. Na década de 1990, com o neoliberalismo, houve privatizações e um crescimento do setor de serviços em detrimento da indústria.

Estão CORRETAS:
Alternativas
Q3482338
Geografia Industrialização , Geografia Econômica ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor da Educação II - Geografia |
Q3482338 Geografia
Analise as afirmações sobre as fases do processo de industrialização brasileira conforme descrito no texto:

I. No Período Colonial (1530–1808), a Coroa Portuguesa proibiu o estabelecimento de indústrias manufatureiras na colônia para evitar concorrência com os produtos metropolitanos.

II. Na fase das Primeiras Fábricas (1808–1930), Início da industrialização, mas ainda focado na exportação de café.

III. Durante o Governo Vargas (1930–1956), o Estado incentivou a indústria leve de consumo e desestimulou a indústria pesada, mantendo forte dependência de importações.

IV. Na fase de Juscelino Kubitschek até hoje (a partir de 1956), houve estímulo à indústria automobilística e à entrada de capital estrangeiro, consolidando a abertura econômica.

Estão CORRETAS:
Alternativas
Q3482337
Geografia História da Geografia ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: EDUCA Órgão: Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB Prova: EDUCA - 2025 - Prefeitura de São João do Rio do Peixe - PB - Professor da Educação II - Geografia |
Q3482337 Geografia
Sobre as categorias analíticas do pensamento geográfico e sua construção teórica, analise as afirmativas abaixo:

I. O espaço geográfico é concebido como produção humana, resultante do movimento da sociedade sobre a natureza, estruturado por objetos e práticas sociais.

II. Espaço e lugar são categorias interligadas. O espaço surge na medida em que conhecemos e atribuindo alguma importância e o lugar representasse a formação de uma teia de articulação do espaço. O lugar para a abordagem cultural da geografia advém do espaço na medida em que o ser humano age intencionalmente em torno das experiências dofenômeno.

III. Na visão lógica positivista, o espaço é interpretado a partir da distância como variável independente, permitindo análises sobre localização, fluxos e hierarquias. Outra categoria analítica da ciência geográfica em evidência é a paisagem. Esta é referenciada para o entendimento do sentido de percepção do espaço. A paisagem é uma maneira de ver, compor e harmonizar o mundo externo em cena; uma unidade visual.

IV. Os primeiros a pensarem a ideia de paisagem na geografia foram Humboldt, Ritter e Vidal de La Blache. A paisagem surgiu numa concepção romântica de mundo, observada em sua estética como objeto de contemplação dos seres humanos no cenário visual.

Estão CORRETAS: 
Alternativas
Respostas
81: E
82: C
83: E
84: C
85: A
86: E
87: A
88: D
89: C
90: D
91: C
92: A
93: B
94: E
95: D
96: E
97: E
98: C
99: D
100: D
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