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Q3877283 Inglês
Language Teaching Methodology:
A Text-based Approach

What is a text-based approach to language teaching?

A text-based approach entails:

1. Linking spoken and written texts to the cultural context of their use.

2. Designing units of work that focus on developing skills in relation to whole texts.

3. Providing students with guided practice as they develop language skills for meaningful communication through whole texts.


(…) The objective of this approach is to make students acquainted with several texts which have a different context. The result will be the following: students will “produce and understand oral and written discourse in various natural or stimulated communicative settings in which they participate with a specific and explicit intention” (Mumba and Mkandawire, 2019, n.p.).

According to this teaching approach, the ability to understand different types of text helps to strengthen overall communicative skills in a second language.

How does a text-based language teaching strategy work?

“The Text-based Integrated Approach means that a series of lessons probably one or two weeks’ work will comprise a unit which centre around a written text. This will have to be chosen carefully by the teacher for its suitability in terms of interest, level of difficulty, and appropriateness to the learners” (Mumba and Mkandawire, 2019, n.p.).

A language, after all, does incorporate different texts. For instance, rather than just teaching isolated words such as teeth, we can make up a story about how important it is to brush our teeth, at least twice a day in order to avoid visits to the dentist. It appears from different studies that students, at any age, learn more effectively when grammar and vocabulary are taught altogether. And, when the teaching material makes students enthusiastic. Consequently, it is recommended to choose texts which will trigger interest. For instance, young children may be interested in animals and cartoons whereas older ones will find topics such as movies, music, sports, or even politics more appealing.

We can divide the language learning activities under the text-based approach into two different categories: Working on the text and working from the text.

Working on the text includes exercises that test the student’s understanding of the text. Among them, there are exercises like gap-filling (or fillin-the-blanks), writing summary, linking actions, paraphrasing, and sequencing events for example.

Among working from the text exercises, there are debating the idea presented in the text, finding arguments for and against the topic or thesis presented by the text, developing a conversation between student groups using the text’s topic and vocabulary. Working from the text activities test the student’s ability to decode at a deeper level the message of the text and to use the information learned in a communicative context. Such activities allow for training both the student’s reading and speaking skills.

What are the main advantages of the text-based language teaching approach?

Lessons can integrate debates, roles plays, drama, or any sort of competition if preparation is given. This method implies that “teaching should focus on all the four language skills (speaking, reading, writing and listening). All activities are designed with reference to a particular text” (Mumba and Mkandawire, 2019, n.p.). This particular method seems to increase memorization and overall learning. As Study.com points out students can understand the meaning of new words by themselves by reading them in context and can also quickly acquire new vocabulary that evolves around that one topic.


Disponível em: https://sanako.com/a-text-based-language-teaching-methodology. Acesso em: 27 nov. 2025. (Adaptado).
What does a Text-based Approach imply?
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Q3877282 Inglês
Associate the definition with the word.
WORDS 1. Asset 2. Output 3. Collateral 4. Liabilities 5. Mortgage
DEFINITIONS ( ) Something valuable that you promise to give as guarantee for a loan.
( ) Total amount of something a person, a machine or an industry produces.
( ) Anything of value owned by a business that can be used to produce goods, pay debts etc.
( ) Loan by which a bank or a similar financial institution lends somebody money to buy property.
( ) Money that a company will have to pay to someone else, for example: bills, taxes, debts, and interest.

The correct sequence of this association is:
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Q3877281 Inglês
Read the excerpt and fill in the blanks with the correct past form of the verbs indicated below.
Stella Soames phoned last night to tell me that her husband Kevin had just ______in hospital. He had ______ off his horse a week before and ______ a leg and several ribs. Instead of recovering after the operation, however, he had suffered a stroke and ______ in a coma for three or four days, from which he had not ______up again.

The sequence that correctly fills in the blanks is:
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Q3877280 Inglês
Analyze the following assertions and the proposed relation between them.

I- When you see a colon (:) after a symbol, it means that the sound is short, with a single phonetic quality throughout
BECAUSE
II- the colon indicates length, showing that the preceding vowel or consonant sound is held for a shorter duration.


It is correct to state that
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Q3877279 Inglês
Indicate whether each of the following statements about the principal characteristics of the GrammarTranslation Method, presented by Richards and Rogers in Approaches and methods in language teaching is true (T) or false (F).

( ) Speaking or listening are the major focus; little or no systematic attention is paid to reading and writing.

( ) Vocabulary selection is based solely on the reading texts used, and words are taught through bilingual word lists, dictionary study, and memorization.

( ) It views language learning as consisting of little more than memorizing rules and facts in order to understand and manipulate the morphology and syntax of foreign language.

( ) The first language is not maintained as the reference system in the acquisition of the second language, because the student’s native language is not the medium of instruction.

( ) It is a way of studying a language that approaches the language first through detailed analysis of its grammar rules, followed by application of this knowledge to the task of translating sentences and texts into and out of the target language.  


According to the statements, the correct sequence is:
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Q3877278 Inglês
Read the excerpt and fill in the blanks with the words indicated below.
Many people tend to be put ______ learning foreign languages as it also means taking ______ a lot ______ foreign grammar and vocabulary. Having attended two or three classes, they simply give ______ and put the whole thing ______ the backburner.
The sequence that correctly fills in the blanks is:
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Q3877277 Inglês
Read the text.

Mount Nyiragongo in the Democratic Republic of Congo is one of Africa’s most active volcanoes. In all, there are eight volcanoes along the borders of Rwanda, Congo and Uganda. Nyiragongo was last active in 1994, when a lava lake reappeared in its summit crater. The latest eruption is more serious. Lava from Nyiragongo can travel at 60 kilometers per hour and some of it might reach a nearby lake and do further damage. Bill Evans of the US Geological Survey said lava could react with gas in the lake, with catastrophic consequences. The gas is composed of carbon dioxide and methane and could suffocate local people living around the lake.
Associate the lexical category with its word highlighted in the text above. 

WORDS 1. along 2. borders 3. latest 4. it 5. reach
LEXICAL CATEGORIES ( ) verb ( ) noun ( ) adverb ( ) adjective ( ) preposition
The correct sequence of this association is:
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Q3877276 Inglês
As stated by McCarthy, in An Introduction to English Morphology, “a proverb is a traditional saying, syntactically a sentence, whose conventional interpretation differs from what is suggested by the literal meaning of the words it contains.”
Associate the meaning with the proverb. 

PROVERBS
1. Beggars can’t be choosers 2. A stitch in time saves nine 3. Every cloud has a silver lining 4. Too many cooks spoil the broth 5. It is no use crying over spilt milk
MEANINGS
( ) If you depend on others, you can’t be too picky. ( ) Even difficult situations have something positive hidden within them. ( ) Having too many people involved in a task makes it harder to complete. ( ) After an accident one should look to the future, rather than waste time wishing the accident had no happened. ( ) Anticipating a future problem and taking care to avoid it is less troublesome in the long run than responding to the problem after it has arisen.

The correct sequence of this association is:
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Q3877275 Inglês
Read the excerpt and fill in the blanks with the words indicated below.

During the next 50 years an incredible ______ of new technologies is expected to move from the lab to the world of business. We are already seeing evidence of this today. Robots are replacing humans on the production lines. Microcomputers have become ______ in offices. Bio-factories are beginning to manufacture ______ of engineered human insulin. The coming decades promise to be especially volatile and exciting for American business. The expected ______ will profoundly change not only our lives but those of our children and grandchildren. For the more developed nations, this era of turmoil will be marked by economic difficulties, problems with ______ and pollution, and continually dwindling resources.


The sequence that correctly fills in the blanks is:
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Q3877274 Inglês
Analyze the following assertions made by Brown, in Teaching by Principles, about the characteristics of communicative language teaching.

I- Language techniques are not designed to engage learners in the pragmatic, authentic, functional use of language for meaningful purposes.

II- The role of the teacher is that of facilitator and guide, not an all-knowing bestower of knowledge; students are therefore encouraged to construct meaning through genuine linguistic interaction with others.

III- Students lack opportunities to focus on their own learning process through an understanding of their own styles of learning and through the development of appropriate strategies for autonomous learning.

IV- Fluency and accuracy are seen as complementary principles underlying communicative techniques; at times fluency may have to take on more importance than accuracy in order to keep learners meaningfully engaged in language use.

V- Classroom goals are focused on all the components (grammatical, discourse, functional, sociolinguistic, and strategic) of communicative competence; goals therefore must intertwine the organizational aspects of language with the pragmatic.


It is correct only what is stated in 
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Q3877273 Inglês
According to ideas developed by Brown and Abeywickrama, in Language assessment: principles and classroom practices, indicate whether each of the following statements about the advantages of standardized tests is true (T) or false (F).

( ) Readily available product. ( ) Easily administered only to small groups. ( ) Previously validated product (in many cases). ( ) Streamlined scoring and reporting procedures. ( ) As an indirect testing, it will always elicit a good sample of performance.
According to the statements, the correct sequence is:
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Q3877272 Inglês
Considering the statements presented by Lightbown and Spada, in How Languages are Learned, about the behaviourist perspective, a theory of learning that was very influential in the 1940s and 1950s, especially in the United States, analyze the following assertions.

I- The behavourists viewed imitation and practice as the primary processes in language development.

II- This theory gives great importance to the environment as the source of everything the child needs to learn.

III- Traditional behaviourists hypothesized that when children imitated the language produced by those around them, their attempts to reproduce what they heard received ‘positive reinforcement’.

IV- Encouraged by their environment, children would continue to imitate and practice the sounds and patterns until they formed ‘habits’ of correct language use.

V- According to this view, the quality and quantity of the language the child hears, as well as the consistency of the reinforcement offered by others in the in the environment, would not shape the child’s language behaviour.


It is correct only what is stated in 
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Q3877271 Inglês

Associate the expressions with their respective synonyms.  


EXPRESSIONS

1. Best man

2. Man of means

3. Man in the street

4. Man about town

5. Man of his word


SYNONYMS

( ) An average person.

( ) A fashionable, high-living man.

( ) A man who keeps his promises.

( ) A person who is wealthy and has substantial resources.

( ) An official supporter of the bridegroom at a wedding ceremony. 



The correct sequence of this association is

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Q3877270 Inglês
Indicate whether each of the following statements presented by Jeremy Harmer, in The practice of English language teaching, about the advantages of nonnative-English-speaker teachers, is true (T) or false (F).

( ) They have often had the same experience of learning English as their students.
( ) They are frequently considerably more familiar with local customs and learning styles.
( ) On the vast majority of contexts, in countries all over the world, English is taught by non-nativeEnglish-speaker teachers.
( ) They represent a “Western culture” from which spring the ideals both of the English language and English language teaching methodology.

According to the statements, the correct sequence is:
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Q3877269 Engenharia Agronômica (Agronomia)
A utilização de agrotóxicos é uma estratégia de manejo de doenças utilizado em larga escala em áreas de produção, entretanto devem ser considerados os efeitos da aplicação sobre o meio ambiente, pois muitos deles são poluidores ou contaminantes.

Nesse sentido, avalie o que se afirma.

I- A utilização de Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPI) varia de acordo com a classe toxicológica e o mecanismo de ação do produto aplicado.
II- A aplicação de produtos químicos com menor dano ao ambiente restringe-se ao uso de produtos com ação curativa, por serem inibidores seletivos de processos metabólicos específicos.
III- A tríplice lavagem é obrigatória para embalagens de fungicidas e opcional para as embalagens de nematicidas e bactericidas.
IV- Os fungicidas com ação sítio específica possuem maior probabilidade de resistência do patógeno.
V- A aquisição de agrotóxicos só deve ser realizada com o receituário agronômico e se a embalagem, o rótulo e o lacre estiverem em perfeito estado.

Está correto apenas o que se afirma em
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Q3877268 Engenharia Agronômica (Agronomia)
O manejo de doenças de plantas na região da Amazônia envolve a utilização de medidas sustentáveis, integradas e inovadoras.

A esse respeito, avalie o que se afirma.

I- O uso de bioinsumos é limitada devido à baixa diversidade biológica e por ser restrito ao mecanismo de ação por parasitismo.
II- O uso de bioinsumos com agentes microbianos que possuem mecanismo de ação por antibiose mostra-se mais eficiente devido à produção de metabólitos.
III- A aplicação de bioinsumos é restrita ao controle de doenças foliares e tratamento pós-colheita.
IV- O controle biológico apresenta relação direta com o ciclo do patógeno, podendo atuar nas fases reprodutivas, de germinação e crescimento da planta.
V- O controle biológico é de fácil aplicabilidade e pode ser utilizado dentro do manejo integrado de doenças.

Está correto apenas o que se afirma em
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Q3877267 Engenharia Agronômica (Agronomia)
Avalie o que se afirma em relação às doenças no açaizeiro em condições de viveiro e campo.

I- Clima quente, seco e plantas adensadas contribuem para a ocorrência da antracnose.
II- Clima quente, úmido e plantas adensadas em viveiro são condições predisponentes à ocorrência da antracnose.
III- Ambientes com baixa luminosidade, alta umidade e deficiência nutricional são fatores predisponentes para a antracnose.
IV- Em ambientes com alto índice pluviométrico, a ocorrência da antracnose é limitada devido á remoção de estruturas fúngicas das folhas.
V- Ambientes úmidos e com alta temperatura favorecem a infecção da antracnose em campo, mas os sintomas só aparecem na pós-colheita.

Está correto apenas o que se afirma em
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Q3877266 Engenharia Agronômica (Agronomia)
A descrição das principais características e recomendações básicas para plantio do guaraná (Paullinia cupana Kunth var. sorbilis Mart. Ducke) - Cultivar BRS Noçoquém no Amazonas está corretamente indicada em: 
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Q3877265 Engenharia Agronômica (Agronomia)
A folha da bananeira é grande, possui coloração verde-claro a verde-escuro, bainha foliar, nervura central e limbo foliar, apresentando cerca de 25 a 35 folhas durante um ciclo.

Em média em quantos dias, surge uma nova folha?
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Q3877264 Engenharia Agronômica (Agronomia)
A espécie Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh (camucamuzeiro), pertencente à família Myrtaceae, é espécie nativa da Amazônia, com grande valor econômico para Região. Suas flores são aromáticas e polinizadas por vários insetos, aves ou mamíferos; o néctar é a recompensa floral. Seus frutos (camu-camu) são carnosos e dispersos por aves e mamíferos, possuem elevado teor de vitamina C e contêm ainda antocianinas e flavonoides com ação antioxidante; sua polpa é utilizada in natura e para preparos de refresco, sorvete, vinho, licor, geleia, doce e coquetel. 

A esse respeito, é correto afirmar que, como características de sua biologia floral, a espécie apresenta flores
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Respostas
761: C
762: B
763: E
764: A
765: C
766: A
767: B
768: A
769: A
770: C
771: D
772: D
773: C
774: E
775: E
776: D
777: C
778: A
779: A
780: B