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La opción de una minoría
Cada año se generan 24 millones de toneladas de residuos urbanos en España, es decir, cada uno de nosotros genera, de media, 485 kilos, según datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). De estos 24 millones de toneladas, la mayoría sigue siendo basura mezclada que acaba yendo a los vertederos, mientras que solo 4,2 millones son separados para reciclar.
Sigue siendo una minoría, pero España ha realizado un gran esfuerzo por situarse a la cabeza de los países europeos que más reciclan. Sin embargo, aún hará falta un esfuerzo mayor para alcanzar los objetivos del 50% de reciclado urbano para 2020. Estas son algunas de las conclusiones que Ecoembes, una de las principales entidades de gestión integral de residuos, presenta en su estudio.
Esta organización se encarga de los envases, que representan un 8% del total de residuos urbanos, en total, 1,7 millones de toneladas, de las que casi un 74% han sido recicladas. Los envases representan casi la mitad de los residuos reciclados en nuestro país. Los que más se reciclan son los de metal y los de papel, ambos por encima del 80%, y bajan la media los plásticos, aunque el último año su tasa de reciclaje aumentó en 5 puntos, hasta el 61%.
(http://www.larioja.com/tecnologia/investigacion/201505/29/opcion-minoria-20150529133310-rc.html)
Washington gumbo lover leaves $2,000 tip on $93 restaurant bill
A Washington man shocked the staff of a neighborhood restaurant earlier this week by leaving a $2,000 for a meal of beer and gumbo he shared with a friend, the proprietor said Wednesday.
The man, described by Blue 44's owner Chris Nardelli as a gumbo-loving regular who lives nearby, left the tip on a $93 bill on Monday night.
“Thank you for the gumbo!” he wrote on the bill after indulging his taste for the Louisiana Creole dish, a specialty of the house.
“It was pretty shocking to say the least”, said Nardelli, who also is a chef and bartender at the four-year-old restaurant in the Chevy Chase neighborhood. “It made everybody do a triple take”.
The customer, who was not identified, asked on the bill that $1,000 go to chef James Turner and $500 each for Nardelli and waitress Laura Dally.
(http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/05/27/us-usa-districtofcolumbia-tip-idUSKBN0OC2W820150527)
Washington gumbo lover leaves $2,000 tip on $93 restaurant bill
A Washington man shocked the staff of a neighborhood restaurant earlier this week by leaving a $2,000 for a meal of beer and gumbo he shared with a friend, the proprietor said Wednesday.
The man, described by Blue 44's owner Chris Nardelli as a gumbo-loving regular who lives nearby, left the tip on a $93 bill on Monday night.
“Thank you for the gumbo!” he wrote on the bill after indulging his taste for the Louisiana Creole dish, a specialty of the house.
“It was pretty shocking to say the least”, said Nardelli, who also is a chef and bartender at the four-year-old restaurant in the Chevy Chase neighborhood. “It made everybody do a triple take”.
The customer, who was not identified, asked on the bill that $1,000 go to chef James Turner and $500 each for Nardelli and waitress Laura Dally.
(http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/05/27/us-usa-districtofcolumbia-tip-idUSKBN0OC2W820150527)
Washington gumbo lover leaves $2,000 tip on $93 restaurant bill
A Washington man shocked the staff of a neighborhood restaurant earlier this week by leaving a $2,000 for a meal of beer and gumbo he shared with a friend, the proprietor said Wednesday.
The man, described by Blue 44's owner Chris Nardelli as a gumbo-loving regular who lives nearby, left the tip on a $93 bill on Monday night.
“Thank you for the gumbo!” he wrote on the bill after indulging his taste for the Louisiana Creole dish, a specialty of the house.
“It was pretty shocking to say the least”, said Nardelli, who also is a chef and bartender at the four-year-old restaurant in the Chevy Chase neighborhood. “It made everybody do a triple take”.
The customer, who was not identified, asked on the bill that $1,000 go to chef James Turner and $500 each for Nardelli and waitress Laura Dally.
(http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/05/27/us-usa-districtofcolumbia-tip-idUSKBN0OC2W820150527)
Germany's oldest student, 102, gets PhD denied by Nazis
Ingeborg Rapoport (then Syllm) finished her medical studies in 1937 and wrote her doctoral thesis on diphtheria – a serious problem in Germany at the time. But because of Nazi oppression she has had to wait almost eight decades before being awarded her PhD. Her mother was a Jewish pianist. So, under Adolf Hitler's anti-Semitic race laws, Ingeborg was refused entry to the final oral exam. She had written confirmation from Hamburg University that she would have received her doctorate “if the applicable laws did not prohibit Ms. Syllm's admission to the doctoral exam due to her ancestry”.
'For the victims'
Now the university has set right that wrong. Three professors from Hamburg University's medical faculty travelled last month to Ingeborg's sitting room in East Berlin to test her on the work she carried out in pre-war Germany. They were impressed and a special ceremony took place at Hamburg University Medical Centre on Tuesday, in which she finally received the PhD that the Nazis stole from her. “It was about the principle”, she said. “I didn't want to defend my thesis for my own sake. After all, at the age of 102 all of this wasn´t exactly easy for me. I did it for the victims [of the Nazis]”. To prepare for last month's exam, Ingeborg enlisted friends to help her research online what developments there had been in the field of diphtheria over the last 80 years.
In 1938, as Germany became an increasingly dangerous place for Jews, Ingeborg fled to the US where she went back to university, finally to qualify as a doctor. Within a few years she met her husband, the biochemist Samuel Mitja Rapoport, who was himself a Jewish refugee from Vienna.
Infant mortality
But, by the 1950s, Ingeborg suddenly found herself once again on the wrong side of the authorities. The McCarthy anticommunist trials meant that Ingeborg and her husband were at risk because of their left-wing views. So they fled again – back to Germany. This time Ingeborg Rapoport went to communist East Berlin, where she worked as a paediatrician. Eventually she became a paediatrics professor, holding Europe's first chair in neonatal medicine, at the renowned Charite Hospital in East Berlin. She was given a national prize for her work in dramatically reducing infant mortality in East Germany. But for all her achievements, winning back at the age of 102 the doctorate stolen from her by the Nazis must rank among her most impressive.
(http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-33048927)
Germany's oldest student, 102, gets PhD denied by Nazis
Ingeborg Rapoport (then Syllm) finished her medical studies in 1937 and wrote her doctoral thesis on diphtheria – a serious problem in Germany at the time. But because of Nazi oppression she has had to wait almost eight decades before being awarded her PhD. Her mother was a Jewish pianist. So, under Adolf Hitler's anti-Semitic race laws, Ingeborg was refused entry to the final oral exam. She had written confirmation from Hamburg University that she would have received her doctorate “if the applicable laws did not prohibit Ms. Syllm's admission to the doctoral exam due to her ancestry”.
'For the victims'
Now the university has set right that wrong. Three professors from Hamburg University's medical faculty travelled last month to Ingeborg's sitting room in East Berlin to test her on the work she carried out in pre-war Germany. They were impressed and a special ceremony took place at Hamburg University Medical Centre on Tuesday, in which she finally received the PhD that the Nazis stole from her. “It was about the principle”, she said. “I didn't want to defend my thesis for my own sake. After all, at the age of 102 all of this wasn´t exactly easy for me. I did it for the victims [of the Nazis]”. To prepare for last month's exam, Ingeborg enlisted friends to help her research online what developments there had been in the field of diphtheria over the last 80 years.
In 1938, as Germany became an increasingly dangerous place for Jews, Ingeborg fled to the US where she went back to university, finally to qualify as a doctor. Within a few years she met her husband, the biochemist Samuel Mitja Rapoport, who was himself a Jewish refugee from Vienna.
Infant mortality
But, by the 1950s, Ingeborg suddenly found herself once again on the wrong side of the authorities. The McCarthy anticommunist trials meant that Ingeborg and her husband were at risk because of their left-wing views. So they fled again – back to Germany. This time Ingeborg Rapoport went to communist East Berlin, where she worked as a paediatrician. Eventually she became a paediatrics professor, holding Europe's first chair in neonatal medicine, at the renowned Charite Hospital in East Berlin. She was given a national prize for her work in dramatically reducing infant mortality in East Germany. But for all her achievements, winning back at the age of 102 the doctorate stolen from her by the Nazis must rank among her most impressive.
(http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-33048927)
Germany's oldest student, 102, gets PhD denied by Nazis
Ingeborg Rapoport (then Syllm) finished her medical studies in 1937 and wrote her doctoral thesis on diphtheria – a serious problem in Germany at the time. But because of Nazi oppression she has had to wait almost eight decades before being awarded her PhD. Her mother was a Jewish pianist. So, under Adolf Hitler's anti-Semitic race laws, Ingeborg was refused entry to the final oral exam. She had written confirmation from Hamburg University that she would have received her doctorate “if the applicable laws did not prohibit Ms. Syllm's admission to the doctoral exam due to her ancestry”.
'For the victims'
Now the university has set right that wrong. Three professors from Hamburg University's medical faculty travelled last month to Ingeborg's sitting room in East Berlin to test her on the work she carried out in pre-war Germany. They were impressed and a special ceremony took place at Hamburg University Medical Centre on Tuesday, in which she finally received the PhD that the Nazis stole from her. “It was about the principle”, she said. “I didn't want to defend my thesis for my own sake. After all, at the age of 102 all of this wasn´t exactly easy for me. I did it for the victims [of the Nazis]”. To prepare for last month's exam, Ingeborg enlisted friends to help her research online what developments there had been in the field of diphtheria over the last 80 years.
In 1938, as Germany became an increasingly dangerous place for Jews, Ingeborg fled to the US where she went back to university, finally to qualify as a doctor. Within a few years she met her husband, the biochemist Samuel Mitja Rapoport, who was himself a Jewish refugee from Vienna.
Infant mortality
But, by the 1950s, Ingeborg suddenly found herself once again on the wrong side of the authorities. The McCarthy anticommunist trials meant that Ingeborg and her husband were at risk because of their left-wing views. So they fled again – back to Germany. This time Ingeborg Rapoport went to communist East Berlin, where she worked as a paediatrician. Eventually she became a paediatrics professor, holding Europe's first chair in neonatal medicine, at the renowned Charite Hospital in East Berlin. She was given a national prize for her work in dramatically reducing infant mortality in East Germany. But for all her achievements, winning back at the age of 102 the doctorate stolen from her by the Nazis must rank among her most impressive.
(http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-33048927)
Germany's oldest student, 102, gets PhD denied by Nazis
Ingeborg Rapoport (then Syllm) finished her medical studies in 1937 and wrote her doctoral thesis on diphtheria – a serious problem in Germany at the time. But because of Nazi oppression she has had to wait almost eight decades before being awarded her PhD. Her mother was a Jewish pianist. So, under Adolf Hitler's anti-Semitic race laws, Ingeborg was refused entry to the final oral exam. She had written confirmation from Hamburg University that she would have received her doctorate “if the applicable laws did not prohibit Ms. Syllm's admission to the doctoral exam due to her ancestry”.
'For the victims'
Now the university has set right that wrong. Three professors from Hamburg University's medical faculty travelled last month to Ingeborg's sitting room in East Berlin to test her on the work she carried out in pre-war Germany. They were impressed and a special ceremony took place at Hamburg University Medical Centre on Tuesday, in which she finally received the PhD that the Nazis stole from her. “It was about the principle”, she said. “I didn't want to defend my thesis for my own sake. After all, at the age of 102 all of this wasn´t exactly easy for me. I did it for the victims [of the Nazis]”. To prepare for last month's exam, Ingeborg enlisted friends to help her research online what developments there had been in the field of diphtheria over the last 80 years.
In 1938, as Germany became an increasingly dangerous place for Jews, Ingeborg fled to the US where she went back to university, finally to qualify as a doctor. Within a few years she met her husband, the biochemist Samuel Mitja Rapoport, who was himself a Jewish refugee from Vienna.
Infant mortality
But, by the 1950s, Ingeborg suddenly found herself once again on the wrong side of the authorities. The McCarthy anticommunist trials meant that Ingeborg and her husband were at risk because of their left-wing views. So they fled again – back to Germany. This time Ingeborg Rapoport went to communist East Berlin, where she worked as a paediatrician. Eventually she became a paediatrics professor, holding Europe's first chair in neonatal medicine, at the renowned Charite Hospital in East Berlin. She was given a national prize for her work in dramatically reducing infant mortality in East Germany. But for all her achievements, winning back at the age of 102 the doctorate stolen from her by the Nazis must rank among her most impressive.
(http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-33048927)
Germany's oldest student, 102, gets PhD denied by Nazis
Ingeborg Rapoport (then Syllm) finished her medical studies in 1937 and wrote her doctoral thesis on diphtheria – a serious problem in Germany at the time. But because of Nazi oppression she has had to wait almost eight decades before being awarded her PhD. Her mother was a Jewish pianist. So, under Adolf Hitler's anti-Semitic race laws, Ingeborg was refused entry to the final oral exam. She had written confirmation from Hamburg University that she would have received her doctorate “if the applicable laws did not prohibit Ms. Syllm's admission to the doctoral exam due to her ancestry”.
'For the victims'
Now the university has set right that wrong. Three professors from Hamburg University's medical faculty travelled last month to Ingeborg's sitting room in East Berlin to test her on the work she carried out in pre-war Germany. They were impressed and a special ceremony took place at Hamburg University Medical Centre on Tuesday, in which she finally received the PhD that the Nazis stole from her. “It was about the principle”, she said. “I didn't want to defend my thesis for my own sake. After all, at the age of 102 all of this wasn´t exactly easy for me. I did it for the victims [of the Nazis]”. To prepare for last month's exam, Ingeborg enlisted friends to help her research online what developments there had been in the field of diphtheria over the last 80 years.
In 1938, as Germany became an increasingly dangerous place for Jews, Ingeborg fled to the US where she went back to university, finally to qualify as a doctor. Within a few years she met her husband, the biochemist Samuel Mitja Rapoport, who was himself a Jewish refugee from Vienna.
Infant mortality
But, by the 1950s, Ingeborg suddenly found herself once again on the wrong side of the authorities. The McCarthy anticommunist trials meant that Ingeborg and her husband were at risk because of their left-wing views. So they fled again – back to Germany. This time Ingeborg Rapoport went to communist East Berlin, where she worked as a paediatrician. Eventually she became a paediatrics professor, holding Europe's first chair in neonatal medicine, at the renowned Charite Hospital in East Berlin. She was given a national prize for her work in dramatically reducing infant mortality in East Germany. But for all her achievements, winning back at the age of 102 the doctorate stolen from her by the Nazis must rank among her most impressive.
(http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-33048927)
1. Her maiden name was Syllm.
2. She emigrated to the USA without her PhD degree.
3. She wrote her thesis on diphtheria, a disease that needed attention back in the late thirties.
4. She wasn´t allowed to defend her doctoral thesis under the Nazis because she was part-Jewish.
5. She married an Austrian refugee before travelling to the USA.
Mark the correct alternative.
Com relação ao regime jurídico da aposentadoria especial dos servidores públicos, identifique as afirmativas a seguir como verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F):
( ) Enquanto não for editada lei complementar específica, as regras do regime geral da previdência social sobre aposentadoria especial aplicam-se, no que couber, aos servidores públicos titulares de cargo efetivo.
( ) A aposentadoria especial dos professores leva em consideração não só o tempo de atividade em sala de aula, mas também o período exercido nas funções de direção, coordenação e assessoramento pedagógico no ambiente escolar.
( ) Para fins de aposentadoria, não se permite a conversão do tempo de magistério em tempo de serviço comum, haja vista que a aposentadoria especial de professor pressupõe o efetivo exercício dessa função, com exclusividade, pelo tempo mínimo fixado na Constituição Federal.
( ) O servidor público ex-celetista que, antes da transposição para o regime estatutário, prestou serviços em condições especiais, tem direito à contagem de tempo, com incidência do fator de conversão, conforme a legislação previdenciária vigente à época em que exerceu referidas atividades.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência correta, de cima para baixo.
Servidor público municipal, titular de cargo efetivo, filiado a Regime Próprio de Previdência Social, foi cedido a um Estado-membro para ocupar cargo de provimento em comissão.
Levando em consideração o caso apresentado e as normas gerais dos Regimes Próprios de Previdência Social dos servidores públicos, assinale a alternativa correta.
João ingressou em cargo estadual de provimento em comissão declarado em lei de livre nomeação e exoneração no ano de 2000. Posteriormente, no ano de 2003, ainda no exercício exclusivo do cargo comissionado, foi aprovado em concurso público para outro cargo na administração municipal, no qual tomou posse em agosto de 2004, no mesmo dia em que foi exonerado do cargo em comissão.
Com base nesses fatos e considerando a vigente disciplina constitucional da aposentadoria dos servidores públicos, assinale a alternativa correta.
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