Questões de Concurso
Sobre verbos frasais | phrasal verbs em inglês
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Complete the sentence using the correct phrasal verb:
I hate ____________ questionnaires.
Relate the phrasal verb to its meaning:
1. Call for
2. Call in
3. Call off
4. Call out
5. Call up
I. To cancel
II. To shout
III. To demand
IV. To invite
V. To call
It had a host of heroes in this year's dramatic rescue of 13 members of a youth soccer team from a cave in northern Thailand.
Choose the best option that corrects the underlined verb phrase.
Choose the CORRECT definition of the phrasal verb.
Work is so hectic lately! Tonight, I will have get down to it.
The fair trade movement, which aims
ensure that fair prices are paid to producers in
developing countries, is one of the true global success
stories recent decades. The International
Fairtrade Certification Mark, a guarantee that producers are getting a fair price, has become one of the
most recognizable logos the world, which
91 percent of customers associate positive
values. When the logo first appeared in the UK, the
country where the largest number of fair-trade products are sold, nobody expected that the number of
certified products would grow from only 3 to over
4,500 in just 18 years. In 2011, people around the
world spent more than 6.5 billion US dollars on fair-
-trade certified goods, signifying a 12 percent increase
in sales from the previous year. This was at a time
when most market segments in the developed world
were still shrinking or stagnating from the after effects
of the 2008 banking crisis. Over 1.2 million farmers
and workers living in 66 countries benefit from fair-
-trade certification by being able to sell their products
at competitive prices, to ensure sustainability.
Fair-trade initiatives have been growing steadily since the late 1960s, when the fair trade
movement started with only a handful of committed
individuals in the West who believed there was an
alternative to the exploitation of farmers and workers
in the developing world. Fair trade ensures fair prices
for suppliers, as well as payment of a premium that
can be reinvested in the local communities (for example, in schools or sanitation) or in improving productivity. In India, for instance, a group of rice farmers used
the premium to buy farm machinery, which meant a
30 percent improvement in production.
As consumers look for, and recognize, the logo
and purchase fair-trade products, they put
pressure on companies and governments to do more
for global welfare. They also put pressure on supermarkets to sell fair-trade goods at the same price as
conventional products, shifting the extra costs involved from consumers to the corporations that collect
the profits.
Critics of the fair trade movement say it is still
not doing enough. They stress that the key to
long-term development is not in small local improvements, but in moving the developing world from
the production of raw materials into processing them,
which can bring in greater profit. There are already some signs of this happening. A group of tea growers
in Kenya recently set up a processing factory to deliver the final products directly to their customers in
the West. By switching from the export of raw tea to
boxed fair-trade products, they achieved 500 percent
higher profits.
It is important to realize that, despite all of its
benefits, the fair trade movement has its limitations. Some of the poorest farmers can’t afford to pay
the certification fees required for each fair-trade initiative, while others work for big, multinational employers that are excluded from participating. Fair trade is
certainly a step in the right direction, but there is a lot
more we must continue to do in order to help people
in the world’s poorest regions.( ) The underlined words “As consumers look for …” can be replaced by ‘seek out’ without changing its meaning. ( ) The words ‘meant’; ‘been’ and ‘started’ are irregular verbs. ( ) “Fair-trade initiatives have been growing steadily since the late 1960s.” The underlined words are in the Present perfect continuous Tense. ( ) “They also put pressure on supermarkets to sell fair-trade goods….” The underlined word is the plural form of “good”.
Choose the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.
Read the text and mark the CORRECT alternative form question:
Windsurfing around Britain
Kevin Cookston, a 23-year-old engineering student, has been keen on windsurfing for many years. Recently, he set a new record for travelling all the way round the coast of Great Britain on a windsurf board.
'I don‟t really know why I did it,‟ says Kevin, ‟just for the fun of it, I suppose. It was there to be done, that was all.‟ Despite lacking both the obsessive ambition and the funds that normally go with attempts to break records, Kevin made the journey in eight weeks and six days, knocking one week off the previous record set in 1984.
Leaving from Exmouth in the south-west of England, Kevin travelled up the west coast of England and Wales, before going round the top of Scotland and then coming back down the other side. The journey officially covered 2.896 kilometres, although given the changes of direction to find the right wind paths, the actual distance Kevin travelled is probably closer to 4.000 km.
Kevin fitted his fitness training in around his final year university examinations. ‟I didn‟t have that much time to prepare,‟ he explains. ‟But I went running often and supplemented that with trips to the gym to do weight training. I found I got a lot better during the trip itself actually. At the start, I was tired and needed a rest after four hours, but by the end I found I could do ten hours in a row no trouble.‟
Kevin had a budget of £7.000 to cover the whole expedition. The previous record had been set with a budget twice that size, while a recent unsuccessful attempt had cost £40.000. Budgets have to meet the cost of fuel, food and accommodation for the support team, as well as the windsurfer's own equipment and expenses.
Previous contenders had been accompanied by a boat on which they slept at night, as well as a fleet of vehicles on land to carry their supplies. Kevin made do with an inflatable rubber boat and an old van manned by four friends who followed his progress. Overnight arrangements had to be found along the way. Apart from the odd occasion when they enjoyed the hospitality of friends, the team made use of the camping equipment carried in the van, and slept on the beach.
When asked if his athlete‟s diet was a closely kept secret, Kevin replied that he ate a lot of pasta and added the odd tin of tuna to keep up his energy. ‟Basically, we had anything that was on special offer in the nearest supermarket, he confided.
Such a prolongued period of gruelling windsurfing made relaxation important however, and for this, Kevin favoured the pub method. This also provided social opportunities.“The people we met were really encouraging he recalls“. 'They thought what we were doing was really great. It was hard work, but we had a lot of fun along the way“.
Kevin has been windsurfing since he was thirteen years old and he is also a highly-ranked competitor at national level. ‟I don‟t know where I‟m ranked now,‟ he says, `because I‟ve missed a lot of important competitions this year. But what I did has more than made up for that and I‟ll be doing my best to be up there amongst the winners once I get back into the competitive sport next season‟. Given his unique achievement this year, Kevin seems well-placed to take on the world‟s top windsurfers.
Fonte: First Certificate Practice Tests Plus 1, pg 116 Kenny/ Luque-Mortimer, Ed. Longman
23rd June, 2018
Algeria has turned off its Internet all over the country to stop students cheating in high school exams. Algeria's government said it wanted to do something to stop students secretly going online during nationwide school tests. All Internet service was stopped for an hour after the start of each of the exams. The government will shut the Internet down during the whole exam season, between June 20 and June 25. In addition, all electronic devices with Internet access have been banned from the country's 2,000 exam centers. Even teachers cannot take phones into the exam halls. There were many problems in 2016 when test questions were leaked online both before and during exams.
Algeria's Education Minister Nouria Benghabrit told the Algerian newspaper Annahar that Facebook would also be blocked across the country for the six days the exams were taking place. She said she did not like doing this but she could not do anything and give opportunities to students to cheat in tests. As an added security measure, metal detectors will be placed in all exam halls, and security cameras and mobile-phone blockers have been set up at the printing companies where the exams are printed. Many students thought the government was doing the right thing. Rania Salim, 16, said it wasn't fair that students who didn't study could get help in exams by using their mobile phone to cheat.
Taken from: https://breakingnewsenglish.com
“Algeria has turned off its Internet all over the country.” (1st paragraph)
The opposite of the phrasal verb TURNED OFF is:
23rd June, 2018
Algeria has turned off its Internet all over the country to stop students cheating in high school exams. Algeria's government said it wanted to do something to stop students secretly going online during nationwide school tests. All Internet service was stopped for an hour after the start of each of the exams. The government will shut the Internet down during the whole exam season, between June 20 and June 25. In addition, all electronic devices with Internet access have been banned from the country's 2,000 exam centers. Even teachers cannot take phones into the exam halls. There were many problems in 2016 when test questions were leaked online both before and during exams.
Algeria's Education Minister Nouria Benghabrit told the Algerian newspaper Annahar that Facebook would also be blocked across the country for the six days the exams were taking place. She said she did not like doing this but she could not do anything and give opportunities to students to cheat in tests. As an added security measure, metal detectors will be placed in all exam halls, and security cameras and mobile-phone blockers have been set up at the printing companies where the exams are printed. Many students thought the government was doing the right thing. Rania Salim, 16, said it wasn't fair that students who didn't study could get help in exams by using their mobile phone to cheat.
Taken from: https://breakingnewsenglish.com
According to the text, the Algerian government will shut the Internet down during the whole exam season. (1st paragraph)
The phrasal verb SHUT DOWN in the sentence above means that the Internet access will be:
They had to explain all the money that had gone missing.
TEXT 1 below, retrieved and adapted from https://chroniclingamerica. loc.gov/lccn/sn83035487/1851-06-21/ed-1/seq-4/ on July 9th, 2018.
Text 1
Women’s rights convention – Sojourner Truth
One of the most unique and interesting speeches of the convention was made by Sojourner Truth, an emancipated slave. It is impossible to transfer it to paper or convey any adequate idea of the effect it produced upon the audience. Those only can appreciate it who saw her powerful form, her whole-souled, earnest gesture, and listened to her strong and truthful tones. She came forward to the platform and addressing the President said with great simplicity:
"May I say a few words?" Receiving an affirmative answer, she proceeded: I want to say a few words about this matter. I am a woman's rights. I have as much muscle as any man and can do as much work as any man. I have plowed and reaped and husked and chopped and mowed, and can any man do more than that? I have heard much about the sexes being equal. I can carry as much as any man, and can eat as much too, if I can get it. I am as strong as any man that is now. As for intellect, all I can say is, if a woman has a pint, and a man a quart -- why can't she have her little pint full? You need not be afraid to give us our rights for fear we will take too much; -- for we can't take more than our pint will hold. The poor men seem to be all in confusion, and don't know what to do. Why children, if you have woman's rights, give it to her and you will feel better. You will have your own rights, and they won't be so much trouble. I can't read, but I can hear. I have heard the bible and have learned that Eve caused man to sin. Well, if a woman upset the world, do give her a chance to set it right side up again. The Lady has spoken about Jesus, how he never spurned woman from him, and she was right. When Lazarus died, Mary and Martha came to him with faith and love and besought him to raise their brother. And Jesus wept and Lazarus came forth. And how came Jesus into the world? Through God who created him and the woman who bore him. Man, where was your part? But the women are coming up blessed be God and a few of the men are coming up with them. But man is in a tight place, the poor slave is on him, woman is coming on him, he is surely between a hawk and a buzzard.
Reference: Robinson, M. (1851, June 21). Women’s
rights convention: Sojourner Truth. Anti-slavery Bugle, vol. 6
no. 41, Page 160.
Question must be answered by looking at the following sentences from Text 1:
And how came Jesus into the world? Through God who created him and the woman who bore him.
Looking at verb “come into” above, it’s correct to
say that:
INSTRUCTION: Read the abstract and answer to the question.
Abstract
Scientists know greenhouse gas emissions cause climate change, but what causes greenhouse gas emissions in the first place? We assessed how many greenhouse gases are released to support the lifestyles of people living in different parts of Europe – in other words, we figured out people’s carbon footprint. We found that different lifestyle choices resulted in very different carbon footprints. In general, people with higher incomes (_____ bought more things and traveled more) had much higher carbon footprints than people ______ lived more modestly.
Understanding how our purchases affect greenhouse gas emissions is an important step to designing policies and guidelines for cutting emissions and addressing climate change.
Available at: <http://www.sciencejournalforkids.org/ uploads/5/4/2/8/54289603/footprint_article.pdf>.
Accessed on: Dec 7th, 2017.
The verb figure out can be replaced by:
The Operations Function
Although somewhat ‘invisible’ to the marketplace the operations function in a typical company accounts for well over half the employment and well over half the physical assets. That, in itself, makes the operations function important. In a company’s organization chart, operations often enjoys parity with the other major business functions: marketing, sales, product engineering, finance control (accounting), and human resources (personnel, labor relations). Sometimes, the operations function is organized as a single entity which stretches out across the entire company, but more often it is embedded in the district, typically product-defined divisions into which most major companies are organized.
In many service businesses, the operations function is typically more visible. Service businesses are often organized into many branches, often with geographic responsibilities – field offices, retail outlets. In such tiers of the organization, operations are paramount.
The operations function itself is, often divided
.................two major groupings .................tasks:
line management and support services. Line management generally refers.................those managers directly concerned................the manufacture of the product or the delivery of the service. They are the ones who are typically close enough to the product or service that they can ‘touch’ it. Line management supervises the hourly, blue-collar workforce. In a manufacturing company, line management frequently extends to the stockroom (where material, parts, and semi-finished products – termed ‘work-in-process inventory – are stored), materials handling, the tool room, maintenance, the warehouse (where finished goods are stored), and distribution, as well as the so-called ‘factory floor’. In a service operation, what is considered line management can broaden considerably. Often, order-taking roles, in addition to orderfilling roles, are supervised by service line managers.
Support services for line management’s operations can be numerous. Within a manufacturing environment, support services carry titles such as quality control, production planning and scheduling, purchasing, inventory control, production control (which determines the status of jobs in the factory and what to do about jobs that may have fallen behind schedule), industrial engineering (which is work methods oriented), manufacturing engineering (which is hardware-oriented), on-going product engineering, and field service. In a service environment, some of the same roles are played but sometimes under vastly different names.
Thus, the managers for whom operational issues are central can hold a variety of titles. In manufacturing, the titles can range from vice-president – manufacturing, works manager, plant manager, and similar titles at the top of the hierarchy, through such titles as manufacturing or production manager, general superintendent, department manager, materials manager, director of quality control, and down to general foreman or foreman. Within service businesses, ‘operations manager’ is sometimes used but frequently the title is more general – business manager, branch manager, retail manager, and so on.
SCHMENNER, Roger W. Production/Operations Management.
5th Edition. Prentice-Hall, 1993.
The Operations Function
Although somewhat ‘invisible’ to the marketplace the operations function in a typical company accounts for well over half the employment and well over half the physical assets. That, in itself, makes the operations function important. In a company’s organization chart, operations often enjoys parity with the other major business functions: marketing, sales, product engineering, finance control (accounting), and human resources (personnel, labor relations). Sometimes, the operations function is organized as a single entity which stretches out across the entire company, but more often it is embedded in the district, typically product-defined divisions into which most major companies are organized.
In many service businesses, the operations function is typically more visible. Service businesses are often organized into many branches, often with geographic responsibilities – field offices, retail outlets. In such tiers of the organization, operations are paramount.
The operations function itself is, often divided
.................two major groupings .................tasks:
line management and support services. Line management generally refers.................those managers directly concerned................the manufacture of the product or the delivery of the service. They are the ones who are typically close enough to the product or service that they can ‘touch’ it. Line management supervises the hourly, blue-collar workforce. In a manufacturing company, line management frequently extends to the stockroom (where material, parts, and semi-finished products – termed ‘work-in-process inventory – are stored), materials handling, the tool room, maintenance, the warehouse (where finished goods are stored), and distribution, as well as the so-called ‘factory floor’. In a service operation, what is considered line management can broaden considerably. Often, order-taking roles, in addition to orderfilling roles, are supervised by service line managers.
Support services for line management’s operations can be numerous. Within a manufacturing environment, support services carry titles such as quality control, production planning and scheduling, purchasing, inventory control, production control (which determines the status of jobs in the factory and what to do about jobs that may have fallen behind schedule), industrial engineering (which is work methods oriented), manufacturing engineering (which is hardware-oriented), on-going product engineering, and field service. In a service environment, some of the same roles are played but sometimes under vastly different names.
Thus, the managers for whom operational issues are central can hold a variety of titles. In manufacturing, the titles can range from vice-president – manufacturing, works manager, plant manager, and similar titles at the top of the hierarchy, through such titles as manufacturing or production manager, general superintendent, department manager, materials manager, director of quality control, and down to general foreman or foreman. Within service businesses, ‘operations manager’ is sometimes used but frequently the title is more general – business manager, branch manager, retail manager, and so on.
SCHMENNER, Roger W. Production/Operations Management.
5th Edition. Prentice-Hall, 1993.
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