Questões de Concurso Sobre inglês

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Q3101260 Inglês
How healthy is broccoli?


The dinnertime standard is a nutritional multitasker.



New York Times
By Caroline Hopkins Legaspi.
Oct. 14, 2024



        Children may not want to hear this, but broccoli more than deserves its place on our plates. The florets and stems are filled with nutrients that help keep your heart and bones healthy — and may reduce the risk of cancer.

       “Broccoli is a multitasking vegetable,” said Emily Ho, a professor of nutrition and the director of the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University: It has a range of vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals that give your body “a boost.” Along with cauliflower, brussels sprouts and other cruciferous vegetables, broccoli is a source of a sulfur-based nutrient called sulforaphane. It’s the compound behind broccoli’s odor and slightly bitter flavor. It also has anticancer properties, scientists believe.

        Research suggests the sulforaphane in broccoli could help your body produce more of the enzymes that get rid of toxins like air pollution and cigarette smoke, Dr. Ho said.

       In addition, sulforaphane is an antioxidant that can protect your body from inflammation. The theory “is that broccoli is protecting cells from the inflammation that promotes the growth of cancer,” said Ingrid Adams, a registered dietitian and associate professor of medical dietetics at Ohio State University.

       In a recent analysis, 17 out of 23 studies found associations between eating broccoli and having lower risks of common cancers, including lung, colon and breast cancer. Taken together, the studies suggested that people who ate broccoli at least once a week were 36 percent less likely to develop cancer than those who didn’t.

       Still, researchers haven’t definitively proven that broccoli helps prevent cancer, said Trygve Tollefsbol, a distinguished professor of biology at the O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. People who regularly eat broccoli tend to have other healthy habits, too, Dr. Tollefsbol said, so studies can’t single out broccoli as the reason someone doesn’t develop a disease.

       The vitamin K in broccoli helps your body regulate blood circulation and clotting, said Anna L. Fogel, a registered dietitian at Harborview Medical Center in Seattle. Dietary guidelines generally recommend that adult women consume around 90 micrograms and men consume around 120 micrograms of vitamin K per day. One cup of chopped raw broccoli has about 93 micrograms.

     That cup of broccoli also contains a decent amount (288 milligrams) of potassium. Potassium can help lower high blood pressure, Dr. Adams said.

        Broccoli is high in fiber, as well, which can lower your bad cholesterol levels and risk of coronary heart disease.

      Those high levels of vitamin K could also benefit your bones, Dr. Ho said. The vitamin plays a key role in activating several of the proteins that form your bones and keep them strong.

     The vitamin C in broccoli is also important here. Vitamin C helps with bone mineralization, which keeps bones from becoming brittle, in part by stimulating collagen production. One cup of raw broccoli contains more vitamin C than a cup of grapefruit.

        Is there a best way to eat broccoli?

       Just avoid boiling or overcooking it, the experts said.

      Broccoli contains an active enzyme, called myrosinase, that’s released when you chew and digest it. Myrosinase activates the broccoli’s sulforaphane — but if you cook broccoli too long, you risk losing much of its myrosinase.

      You’re fine as long as there’s still a slight crunch to the vegetable, Dr. Ho said. “If it’s not fully mushy, you still have some live cell walls, which means you still have some active enzyme.”

       There’s another reason that boiling broccoli isn’t the first choice of experts: Some of broccoli’s water-soluble vitamins, like vitamin C, can leach out during the boiling process, Ms. Fogel said.



Disponível em: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/14/well/eat/broccoli-health-benefitsrecipes.html#:~:text=The%20dinnertime%20standard%20is%20a%20nutritional%20multitasker.&text=Children%20may%20not%20want%20to,reduce
%20the%20risk%20of%20cancer. Acesso em: 10 out. 2024.
What substance does broccoli contain that scientists believe helps prevent cancer?
Alternativas
Q3097906 Inglês

Considering the use of English and related skills applied to executive secretariat, judge the item below.


It is important for a secretary to be proficient in English to handle international correspondence and manage meetings with foreign clients. The use of informal English should be avoided when scheduling meetings or writing professional e-mails to clients.

Alternativas
Q3097905 Inglês

Internet: <www.breakingnewsenglish.com> (adapted).

Judge the item below according to the text.


In the sentence “People who love sushi, sashimi and prawn cocktails may have to rethink their diet.” the word “may” expresses possibility.

Alternativas
Q3097904 Inglês

Internet: <www.breakingnewsenglish.com> (adapted).

Judge the item below according to the text.


The researchers recommend completely avoiding seafood due to the presence of forever chemicals.

Alternativas
Q3097903 Inglês

Internet: <www.breakingnewsenglish.com> (adapted).

Judge the item below according to the text.


In the sentence “Researchers said they were in higher levels in seafood,” the pronoun “they” refers to seafood.

Alternativas
Q3097902 Inglês

Internet: <www.breakingnewsenglish.com> (adapted).

Judge the item below according to the text.


Forever chemicals are natural toxins found in the environment, they do not pose long-term risks.

Alternativas
Q3095700 Inglês

Internet: <www.learningenglish.voanews.com> (adapted).

Based on the information provided in the text and your knowledge of English grammar, judge the item below.


The sentence “Scientists have connected eating ultraprocessed foods to poor health results” is written in the present perfect tense. 

Alternativas
Q3095699 Inglês

Internet: <www.learningenglish.voanews.com> (adapted).

Based on the information provided in the text and your knowledge of English grammar, judge the item below.


The sentence “These are foods that you cannot make at home” can be rewritten as These are foods which you cannot make at home without changing the meaning.

Alternativas
Q3095698 Inglês

Internet: <www.learningenglish.voanews.com> (adapted).

Based on the information provided in the text and your knowledge of English grammar, judge the item below.


The word “higher” in the sentence “It is even higher – about two‑thirds of what they eat” is a comparative adjective.

Alternativas
Q3095697 Inglês

Internet: <www.learningenglish.voanews.com> (adapted).

Based on the information provided in the text and your knowledge of English grammar, judge the item below.


The word “because” in the sentence “because they contain flavors and chemicals” is used to express contrast.

Alternativas
Q3095696 Inglês

Internet: <www.learningenglish.voanews.com> (adapted).

Based on the information provided in the text and your knowledge of English grammar, judge the item below.


The sentences “Most Americans eat ultraprocessed foods every day” and “These are foods that you cannot make at home” are in the past simple tense.

Alternativas
Q3095695 Inglês

Internet: <www.learningenglish.voanews.com> (adapted).

Based on the information provided in the text and your knowledge of English grammar, judge the item below.


The text suggests that eating ultraprocessed foods has been linked to negative health outcomes, such as being overweight and potential risks of diabetes and heart disease.

Alternativas
Q3095694 Inglês

Internet: <www.learningenglish.voanews.com> (adapted).

Based on the information provided in the text and your knowledge of English grammar, judge the item below.


Frozen pizzas and sugary cereals are examples of ultraprocessed foods that Americans often consume. When it comes to children and teenagers, ultraprocessed foods account for a smaller proportion of their diet compared to adults.

Alternativas
Q3095693 Inglês

Internet: <www.learningenglish.voanews.com> (adapted).

Based on the information provided in the text and your knowledge of English grammar, judge the item below.


The text states that ultraprocessed foods are only high in sugar, making them a primary concern for people with diabetes.

Alternativas
Q3095692 Inglês

Internet: <www.learningenglish.voanews.com> (adapted).

Based on the information provided in the text and your knowledge of English grammar, judge the item below.


Ultraprocessed foods contain ingredients like flavors and chemicals that are not commonly found in home kitchens.

Alternativas
Q3092840 Inglês

        Magi Richani is the founder of San Francisco-based Nobell Foods, a startup company developing a new kind of cheese made from soybeans. She says plant-based cheese not only accommodates people who can’t consume dairy, but it also could be key to more sustainable food production worldwide. “The reality is that when you raise an animal for food, it’s not just the animals, you are actually growing crops, you are clearing land, and you’re raising the animal for years so it builds biomass,” Richani explained. “It’s an extremely inefficient supply chain.”


        Nobell is particularly focused on creating plant-based casein, which is a protein produced when a cow gives birth and is present in the milk for its offspring. It is the ingredient that gives dairy cheese its unique stretchy texture. If Nobell is able to go to market and have the kind of impact it’s hoping to, then plant-based cheese could help us stretch toward a more sustainable future. 


Internet: <newsweek.com> (adapted).

Based on the ideas presented in the previous text as well as its linguistic aspects, judge the following item. 


The word “offspring”, in the first sentence of the last paragraph, can be replaced with calf without harming the coherence and the correctness of the text. 

Alternativas
Q3092839 Inglês

        Magi Richani is the founder of San Francisco-based Nobell Foods, a startup company developing a new kind of cheese made from soybeans. She says plant-based cheese not only accommodates people who can’t consume dairy, but it also could be key to more sustainable food production worldwide. “The reality is that when you raise an animal for food, it’s not just the animals, you are actually growing crops, you are clearing land, and you’re raising the animal for years so it builds biomass,” Richani explained. “It’s an extremely inefficient supply chain.”


        Nobell is particularly focused on creating plant-based casein, which is a protein produced when a cow gives birth and is present in the milk for its offspring. It is the ingredient that gives dairy cheese its unique stretchy texture. If Nobell is able to go to market and have the kind of impact it’s hoping to, then plant-based cheese could help us stretch toward a more sustainable future. 


Internet: <newsweek.com> (adapted).

Based on the ideas presented in the previous text as well as its linguistic aspects, judge the following item. 


Magi Richani affirms that the motivation to seek the production of plant-based cheese is twofold.  

Alternativas
Q3092838 Inglês

        Magi Richani is the founder of San Francisco-based Nobell Foods, a startup company developing a new kind of cheese made from soybeans. She says plant-based cheese not only accommodates people who can’t consume dairy, but it also could be key to more sustainable food production worldwide. “The reality is that when you raise an animal for food, it’s not just the animals, you are actually growing crops, you are clearing land, and you’re raising the animal for years so it builds biomass,” Richani explained. “It’s an extremely inefficient supply chain.”


        Nobell is particularly focused on creating plant-based casein, which is a protein produced when a cow gives birth and is present in the milk for its offspring. It is the ingredient that gives dairy cheese its unique stretchy texture. If Nobell is able to go to market and have the kind of impact it’s hoping to, then plant-based cheese could help us stretch toward a more sustainable future. 


Internet: <newsweek.com> (adapted).

Based on the ideas presented in the previous text as well as its linguistic aspects, judge the following item. 


According to the text, Nobell Foods works to implement a more efficient supply chain for the production of dairy cheese. 

Alternativas
Q3092837 Inglês

        Magi Richani is the founder of San Francisco-based Nobell Foods, a startup company developing a new kind of cheese made from soybeans. She says plant-based cheese not only accommodates people who can’t consume dairy, but it also could be key to more sustainable food production worldwide. “The reality is that when you raise an animal for food, it’s not just the animals, you are actually growing crops, you are clearing land, and you’re raising the animal for years so it builds biomass,” Richani explained. “It’s an extremely inefficient supply chain.”


        Nobell is particularly focused on creating plant-based casein, which is a protein produced when a cow gives birth and is present in the milk for its offspring. It is the ingredient that gives dairy cheese its unique stretchy texture. If Nobell is able to go to market and have the kind of impact it’s hoping to, then plant-based cheese could help us stretch toward a more sustainable future. 


Internet: <newsweek.com> (adapted).

Based on the ideas presented in the previous text as well as its linguistic aspects, judge the following item. 


The words “stretch” (last sentence of the text) and “stretchy” (second sentence of the last paragraph), although similar, convey different meanings: “stretchy” refers to a concrete sensation, whereas “stretch” is used in a metaphorical abstract way.  

Alternativas
Q3092836 Inglês

        When a person (or team or firm or government) decides how to act in dealings with other people (or teams or firms or governments), there must be some cross-effect of their actions; what one does must affect the outcome for the other. For the interaction to become a strategic game, however, we need the participants’ mutual awareness of this cross-effect. What the other person does affects you; if you know this, you can react to his actions, or take advance actions to forestall the bad effects his future actions may have on you and to facilitate any good effects, or even take advance actions so as to alter his future reactions to your advantage. If you know that the other person knows that what you do affects him, you know that he will be taking similar actions. And so on. It is this mutual awareness of the cross-effects of actions and the actions taken as a result of this awareness that constitute the most interesting aspects of strategy.


        When each participant is significant in the interaction, either because each is a large player to start with or because commitments or private information narrow the scope of the relationship to a point where each is an important player within the relationship, we must think of the interaction as a strategic game. Such situations are the rule rather than the exception in business, in politics, and even in social interactions. Therefore, the study of strategic games forms an important part of all fields that analyze these matters.


Avinash Dixit et al. Games of strategy.

New York: W.W. Norton & Coadapted, 2015 (adapted).

Considering to the preceding text, judge the item that follow. 


In the first sentence of the text, the phrase “what one does must affect the outcome for the other” functions as an explanation of the previous expression “cross-effect”. 

Alternativas
Respostas
7321: B
7322: C
7323: C
7324: E
7325: E
7326: E
7327: C
7328: C
7329: C
7330: E
7331: E
7332: C
7333: E
7334: E
7335: E
7336: C
7337: C
7338: E
7339: C
7340: C