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Questões Militares Comentadas sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês

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Q3325555 Inglês

Mastering transportation cybersecurity: The comprehensive guide



    Global transportation networks are becoming increasingly interconnected, with digital systems playing a crucial role in ensuring the smooth operation of ports and supply chains. However, this reliance on technology can also create vulnerabilities, as demonstrated by the recent ransomware attack on Nagoya Port. As Japan’s busiest shipping hub, the port’s operations were brought to a standstill for two days, highlighting the potential for significant disruption to national economies and supply chains.


(Adapted from: https://www.souscuscunty.com)

Mark the option that is NOT true about the passage.
Digital networks play a crucial role in ensuring efficient operation of ports and logistics. These systems _____________________ .
Alternativas
Q3325554 Inglês

Read the excerpts below and choose the correct answer in question.


Digitalization is gaining fast ground


    The transition (I- _________ ) digitalization and automation is speeding (II- _________ ) in the maritime industry. Digital technologies and solutions are being used to increase competitiveness and enhance operational efficiency. They are also being implemented to spur the industry (III- _________ ) the decarbonization path to realize zero emissions (IV- __________ ) international shipping (V- __________ ) mid-century.


    Data streams from sensors and other sources of information can be used for decision making and enhanced monitoring, control, quality assurance and verification.


    To secure efficient, sustainable operations and strengthen short-and-long-term competitiveness, maritime stakeholders need to re-think their current strategies and adapt.


(Adapted from: https://www.dnv.com)

In “Digitalization is gaining fast ground”, means that it is 
Alternativas
Q3325553 Inglês

Read the excerpts below and choose the correct answer in question.


Digitalization is gaining fast ground


    The transition (I- _________ ) digitalization and automation is speeding (II- _________ ) in the maritime industry. Digital technologies and solutions are being used to increase competitiveness and enhance operational efficiency. They are also being implemented to spur the industry (III- _________ ) the decarbonization path to realize zero emissions (IV- __________ ) international shipping (V- __________ ) mid-century.


    Data streams from sensors and other sources of information can be used for decision making and enhanced monitoring, control, quality assurance and verification.


    To secure efficient, sustainable operations and strengthen short-and-long-term competitiveness, maritime stakeholders need to re-think their current strategies and adapt.


(Adapted from: https://www.dnv.com)

Based on the extract, it is correct to say that 
Alternativas
Q3325552 Inglês

Read the excerpts below and choose the correct answer in question.


Digitalization is gaining fast ground


    The transition (I- _________ ) digitalization and automation is speeding (II- _________ ) in the maritime industry. Digital technologies and solutions are being used to increase competitiveness and enhance operational efficiency. They are also being implemented to spur the industry (III- _________ ) the decarbonization path to realize zero emissions (IV- __________ ) international shipping (V- __________ ) mid-century.


    Data streams from sensors and other sources of information can be used for decision making and enhanced monitoring, control, quality assurance and verification.


    To secure efficient, sustainable operations and strengthen short-and-long-term competitiveness, maritime stakeholders need to re-think their current strategies and adapt.


(Adapted from: https://www.dnv.com)

Mark the option that completes the blank spaces in the first paragraph. 
Alternativas
Q3325547 Inglês

Read the text below and choose the correct option in question.


Artificial intelligence



By B.J. Copeland



    Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience. Since their development in the 1940s, digital computers have been programmed to carry out very complex tasks – such as discovering proofs for mathematical theorems or playing chess – with great proficiency. Despite continuing advances in computer processing speed and memory capacity, there are as yet no programs that can match full human flexibility over wider domains or in tasks requiring much everyday knowledge. On the other hand, some programs have attained the performance levels of human experts and professionals in executing certain specific tasks, so that artificial intelligence in this limited sense is found in applications as diverse as medical diagnosis, computer search engines, voice or handwriting recognition, and chatbots.


    All but the simplest human behavior is ascribed to intelligence, while even the most complicated insect behavior is usually not taken as an indication of intelligence. What is the difference? Consider the behavior of the digger wasp, Sphex ichneumoneus. When the female wasp returns to her burrow with food, she first deposits it on the threshold, checks for intruders inside her burrow, and only then, if the coast is clear, carries her food inside. The real nature of the wasp’s instinctual behavior is revealed if the food is moved a few inches away from the entrance to her burrow while she is inside: on emerging, she will repeat the whole procedure as often as the food is displaced. Intelligence conspicuously absent in the case of the wasp must include the ability to adapt to new circumstances.


    Psychologists generally characterize human intelligence not by just one trait but by the combination of many diverse abilities. Research in AI has focused chiefly on the following components of intelligence: learning, reasoning, problem solving, perception, and using language.



(Adapted from: https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence)

According to the text, it is possible to say that: 
Alternativas
Ano: 2025 Banca: UNEB Órgão: PM-BA Prova: UNEB - 2025 - PM-BA - Oficial da Policia Militar |
Q3303986 Inglês
Consider the dialogue below:
Jake: I can't decide if I should attend the meeting or not. My manager said it's optional, but it's quite important for the future of the project.
Liz: I think you should definitely go. It might not be mandatory, but you'll learn a lot, and your input is valuable.
Jake: I guess you're right. I'll see if I can rearrange my schedule.
Liz: That would be wise. It could show your commitment.
Based on the dialogue, which of the following statements best describes Jake's feelings about attending the meeting?
Alternativas
Q3303830 Inglês
Read the short excerpt below and answer the question that follows:

"During the annual cultural festival, students and teachers alike participated in activities ranging from traditional dances to interactive art exhibitions. Some students even created visual posters without any text, relying solely on symbols and colors to convey powerful social messages. Each participant's display represented a unique perspective on community and collaboration."

Based on the excerpt, which statement most accurately reflects both the verbal and non-verbal elements mentioned, as well as the use of possessive forms and indefinite pronouns?
Alternativas
Q4181372 Inglês
Read the following article to answer question.


Essen: Germany's 'ugly duckling' city success (by Norman Miller)


Thanks to an innovative approach, the Germany city has catapulted from an industrial wasteland to one of Europe’s greened cities.


    Located in the heart of western Germany's long-time industrial Ruhr region, the city of Essen spent much of the past 150 years marred by pollution, tainted by filthy mines and belching factories and lined by poisoned waterways. In just one year in the 1960s, a study noted that some 1.5 million tons of toxic dust, ashes and soot rained down on Essen's inhabitants, along with four million tons of sulphur dioxide. But a remarkable transformation has seen Essen go from being Germany's ugly duckling to one of Europe's greenest cities.

    "Green urban development has acted as a driving force in Essen over the last decade," explained Simone Raskob, who helped oversee Essen's transformation through a mix of so-called Blue Green solutions: "Blue" for water-focused initiatives, and "Green" for land-based projects. This two-pronged approach helped catapult Essen to be declared the European Green Capital for 2017.

    Essen's most high-profile project is the transformation of the Zollverein industrial complex – once the world's largest coal and coke production facility – from toxin-spewing industrial blackspot to an inspiring eco-park granted Unesco World Heritage status. Inside its giant former coal washing building, the impressive Ruhr Museum enthrals visitors with displays on the site's history and transformation between towering old machinery. A short walk away, the Red Dot Design Museum showcases examples of innovative global design in a former boiler house building repurposed by renowned architect Norman Foster. Ever since mining at Zollverein and the surrounding region ended in the late 1980s, woodland has spread across the vast site, and its trail-laced expanses are now home to more than 800 animal and plant species.

    Yet, Essen isn't resting on its green laurels and is continuing to add eco-friendly initiatives. A 100km cycling 'super-highway’ is slowly taking shape atop old industrial railways. A string of nature-walking trails have also been created in and around the city to help boost local engagement with – and appreciation of – natural habitats. All the trails are easily accessible by public transport.

    Among the city's many transformations are the creation of lakes and ponds by harvesting rainwater. But perhaps the toughest of Essen's solutions involved restoring the River Emscher, considered a biologically dead "open sewer" since the end of the 19th Century, thanks to the dumping of mining and factory slurry and waste water. After a two-decade clean-up programme, trout once again returned to the rejuvenated river in 2015. A recent count found more than 1,000 fish and animal species living along the Emscher, including previously endangered lapwings, kingfishers and beavers. 

    Though humans aren't yet encouraged to join the trout in the Emscher, an arena for swimming and boating hums with activity at Lake Baldeney, a broad expanse of water created behind a 9m dam on the similarly cleanedup Ruhr river. When swimmers splashed here back in 2017, it was the first time bathing had been officially allowed there for 46 years.

    From German eyesore to proud green city, Essen's green-and-blue approach isn't just benefitting outdoor enthusiasts and the environment but is also providing a shining example of how other cities can look to their industrial past to embrace a cleaner future.


Adapted from: https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20231106-essen-germanys-ugly-duckling-city-success. Access on: 13 nov. 2023.
Select the alternative which brings, according to the article, the most appropriate piece of advice to a tourist who wants to visit River Emscher and Lake Baldeney.
Alternativas
Q4181371 Inglês
Read the following article to answer question.


Essen: Germany's 'ugly duckling' city success (by Norman Miller)


Thanks to an innovative approach, the Germany city has catapulted from an industrial wasteland to one of Europe’s greened cities.


    Located in the heart of western Germany's long-time industrial Ruhr region, the city of Essen spent much of the past 150 years marred by pollution, tainted by filthy mines and belching factories and lined by poisoned waterways. In just one year in the 1960s, a study noted that some 1.5 million tons of toxic dust, ashes and soot rained down on Essen's inhabitants, along with four million tons of sulphur dioxide. But a remarkable transformation has seen Essen go from being Germany's ugly duckling to one of Europe's greenest cities.

    "Green urban development has acted as a driving force in Essen over the last decade," explained Simone Raskob, who helped oversee Essen's transformation through a mix of so-called Blue Green solutions: "Blue" for water-focused initiatives, and "Green" for land-based projects. This two-pronged approach helped catapult Essen to be declared the European Green Capital for 2017.

    Essen's most high-profile project is the transformation of the Zollverein industrial complex – once the world's largest coal and coke production facility – from toxin-spewing industrial blackspot to an inspiring eco-park granted Unesco World Heritage status. Inside its giant former coal washing building, the impressive Ruhr Museum enthrals visitors with displays on the site's history and transformation between towering old machinery. A short walk away, the Red Dot Design Museum showcases examples of innovative global design in a former boiler house building repurposed by renowned architect Norman Foster. Ever since mining at Zollverein and the surrounding region ended in the late 1980s, woodland has spread across the vast site, and its trail-laced expanses are now home to more than 800 animal and plant species.

    Yet, Essen isn't resting on its green laurels and is continuing to add eco-friendly initiatives. A 100km cycling 'super-highway’ is slowly taking shape atop old industrial railways. A string of nature-walking trails have also been created in and around the city to help boost local engagement with – and appreciation of – natural habitats. All the trails are easily accessible by public transport.

    Among the city's many transformations are the creation of lakes and ponds by harvesting rainwater. But perhaps the toughest of Essen's solutions involved restoring the River Emscher, considered a biologically dead "open sewer" since the end of the 19th Century, thanks to the dumping of mining and factory slurry and waste water. After a two-decade clean-up programme, trout once again returned to the rejuvenated river in 2015. A recent count found more than 1,000 fish and animal species living along the Emscher, including previously endangered lapwings, kingfishers and beavers. 

    Though humans aren't yet encouraged to join the trout in the Emscher, an arena for swimming and boating hums with activity at Lake Baldeney, a broad expanse of water created behind a 9m dam on the similarly cleanedup Ruhr river. When swimmers splashed here back in 2017, it was the first time bathing had been officially allowed there for 46 years.

    From German eyesore to proud green city, Essen's green-and-blue approach isn't just benefitting outdoor enthusiasts and the environment but is also providing a shining example of how other cities can look to their industrial past to embrace a cleaner future.


Adapted from: https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20231106-essen-germanys-ugly-duckling-city-success. Access on: 13 nov. 2023.
Consider the following extract from paragraph 3 of the article: 

“Ever since mining at Zollverein and the surrounding region ended in the late 1980s, woodland has spread across the vast site, and its trail-laced expanses are now home to more than 800 animal and plant species”.

Select the alternative which brings the most appropriate conclusion according to the extract of the article.
Alternativas
Q4181369 Inglês
Read the following article to answer question.


Essen: Germany's 'ugly duckling' city success (by Norman Miller)


Thanks to an innovative approach, the Germany city has catapulted from an industrial wasteland to one of Europe’s greened cities.


    Located in the heart of western Germany's long-time industrial Ruhr region, the city of Essen spent much of the past 150 years marred by pollution, tainted by filthy mines and belching factories and lined by poisoned waterways. In just one year in the 1960s, a study noted that some 1.5 million tons of toxic dust, ashes and soot rained down on Essen's inhabitants, along with four million tons of sulphur dioxide. But a remarkable transformation has seen Essen go from being Germany's ugly duckling to one of Europe's greenest cities.

    "Green urban development has acted as a driving force in Essen over the last decade," explained Simone Raskob, who helped oversee Essen's transformation through a mix of so-called Blue Green solutions: "Blue" for water-focused initiatives, and "Green" for land-based projects. This two-pronged approach helped catapult Essen to be declared the European Green Capital for 2017.

    Essen's most high-profile project is the transformation of the Zollverein industrial complex – once the world's largest coal and coke production facility – from toxin-spewing industrial blackspot to an inspiring eco-park granted Unesco World Heritage status. Inside its giant former coal washing building, the impressive Ruhr Museum enthrals visitors with displays on the site's history and transformation between towering old machinery. A short walk away, the Red Dot Design Museum showcases examples of innovative global design in a former boiler house building repurposed by renowned architect Norman Foster. Ever since mining at Zollverein and the surrounding region ended in the late 1980s, woodland has spread across the vast site, and its trail-laced expanses are now home to more than 800 animal and plant species.

    Yet, Essen isn't resting on its green laurels and is continuing to add eco-friendly initiatives. A 100km cycling 'super-highway’ is slowly taking shape atop old industrial railways. A string of nature-walking trails have also been created in and around the city to help boost local engagement with – and appreciation of – natural habitats. All the trails are easily accessible by public transport.

    Among the city's many transformations are the creation of lakes and ponds by harvesting rainwater. But perhaps the toughest of Essen's solutions involved restoring the River Emscher, considered a biologically dead "open sewer" since the end of the 19th Century, thanks to the dumping of mining and factory slurry and waste water. After a two-decade clean-up programme, trout once again returned to the rejuvenated river in 2015. A recent count found more than 1,000 fish and animal species living along the Emscher, including previously endangered lapwings, kingfishers and beavers. 

    Though humans aren't yet encouraged to join the trout in the Emscher, an arena for swimming and boating hums with activity at Lake Baldeney, a broad expanse of water created behind a 9m dam on the similarly cleanedup Ruhr river. When swimmers splashed here back in 2017, it was the first time bathing had been officially allowed there for 46 years.

    From German eyesore to proud green city, Essen's green-and-blue approach isn't just benefitting outdoor enthusiasts and the environment but is also providing a shining example of how other cities can look to their industrial past to embrace a cleaner future.


Adapted from: https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20231106-essen-germanys-ugly-duckling-city-success. Access on: 13 nov. 2023.
The article describes a green-and-blue approach to the renovation of the German city of Essen. Considering what green and blue solutions are, according to the text, decide whether the following initiatives are part of the green solution group or the blue solution group: 

1. developing lakes with rainwater;
2. creating the Lake Baldeney arena;
3. transforming the Zollverein industrial complex;
4. restoring the River Emscher;
5. constructing of a cycling highway.

Now select the alternative which correctly matches each of these initiatives to their respective group.
Alternativas
Q3487270 Inglês
“The  first parachute was invented by Leonardo da Vinci.”  This sentence has the same meaning as: 
Alternativas
Q3487265 Inglês
Choose the correct alternative to complete the dialog. 
Alex: Can you see the soldier in the camouflaged uniform?  Camille: __________________. There are two. 
Alternativas
Q3487263 Inglês
Choose  the  correct  alternative  to  complete  the  conversation. 

John: We’re  having  dinner  in  the  Sergeants’ Mess Hall  on  Thursday. _____________? 

Marcos: Yes, I’d love to. 
Alternativas
Q3487261 Inglês
Read the text and answer question.


How long will you live? 


    Everyone wants to live a long and healthy life. Today, many  scientists  are  trying  to  find  the  habits  that  help  people  live  longer.  In  1970,  some  scientists  talked  to  7,000  people  in  the  United  States  and  got  information  about  ___________  habits.  Then they checked to see how long the people lived. 

    The  scientists  learned  that  the  people  with  the  longest  lives did seven things. (1) They ate breakfast every day. (2) They  didn’t eat snacks between meals. (3) They weren’t too heavy or  too  thin.  (4)  They  exercised  regularly.  (5)  They  slept  seven  to eight hours every night not more, and not less. (6) They didn’t  smoke. (7) They didn’t drink more than two alcoholic drinks per day. 

    These were  the  habits that made a  big  difference.  People  who  did  all  of  these  things  lived  12  years  longer  than  people  who did only one to three of the things. 

    Scientists  say  that  you  should  change  your  habits  slowly.  Make one small change every week. You need about 21 days to  make a new habit. 


Adapted. World English 1B. 2010. Heinle Cengage Learning. 
According to the text, people 
Alternativas
Q3487258 Inglês
Read the text and answer question.


How long will you live? 


    Everyone wants to live a long and healthy life. Today, many  scientists  are  trying  to  find  the  habits  that  help  people  live  longer.  In  1970,  some  scientists  talked  to  7,000  people  in  the  United  States  and  got  information  about  ___________  habits.  Then they checked to see how long the people lived. 

    The  scientists  learned  that  the  people  with  the  longest  lives did seven things. (1) They ate breakfast every day. (2) They  didn’t eat snacks between meals. (3) They weren’t too heavy or  too  thin.  (4)  They  exercised  regularly.  (5)  They  slept  seven  to eight hours every night not more, and not less. (6) They didn’t  smoke. (7) They didn’t drink more than two alcoholic drinks per day. 

    These were  the  habits that made a  big  difference.  People  who  did  all  of  these  things  lived  12  years  longer  than  people  who did only one to three of the things. 

    Scientists  say  that  you  should  change  your  habits  slowly.  Make one small change every week. You need about 21 days to  make a new habit. 


Adapted. World English 1B. 2010. Heinle Cengage Learning. 
According to the text, scientists
Alternativas
Q3487257 Inglês
Read the text and answer question.


How long will you live? 


    Everyone wants to live a long and healthy life. Today, many  scientists  are  trying  to  find  the  habits  that  help  people  live  longer.  In  1970,  some  scientists  talked  to  7,000  people  in  the  United  States  and  got  information  about  ___________  habits.  Then they checked to see how long the people lived. 

    The  scientists  learned  that  the  people  with  the  longest  lives did seven things. (1) They ate breakfast every day. (2) They  didn’t eat snacks between meals. (3) They weren’t too heavy or  too  thin.  (4)  They  exercised  regularly.  (5)  They  slept  seven  to eight hours every night not more, and not less. (6) They didn’t  smoke. (7) They didn’t drink more than two alcoholic drinks per day. 

    These were  the  habits that made a  big  difference.  People  who  did  all  of  these  things  lived  12  years  longer  than  people  who did only one to three of the things. 

    Scientists  say  that  you  should  change  your  habits  slowly.  Make one small change every week. You need about 21 days to  make a new habit. 


Adapted. World English 1B. 2010. Heinle Cengage Learning. 
Choose  the  correct  Conditional  Sentence  to  summarize  the text. 
Alternativas
Q3487254 Inglês
Read the text and answer question. 


Overcoming shyness by controlling emotional state 


    Words can be amazingly powerful if you know how to use  them.  Read  any  book  about  influencing  people  and  you’ll  see  what  I  mean.  Some  shy  people  don’t  understand  how  their  behavior,  and  specially  their  language  patterns,  influence  others.

    Any  decision  you  make  is  largely  influenced  by  the  emotional state you are in at  the  time. If you are in a positive,  happy  state,  you  are  much  more  likely  to  behave  in  positive,  rewarding ways. If you are in a “bad mood”, you  tend  to make  poor decisions and ignore  the positive  things around you. How  do emotional states work? If you concentrate, you can often put yourself in whatever state you want (Think happy thoughts!). 


Adapted. New English Point, Book 2. 1999. Editora Saraiva.
According to the text, if you’re in a bad mood,
Alternativas
Q3487253 Inglês
Read the text and answer question. 


Overcoming shyness by controlling emotional state 


    Words can be amazingly powerful if you know how to use  them.  Read  any  book  about  influencing  people  and  you’ll  see  what  I  mean.  Some  shy  people  don’t  understand  how  their  behavior,  and  specially  their  language  patterns,  influence  others.

    Any  decision  you  make  is  largely  influenced  by  the  emotional state you are in at  the  time. If you are in a positive,  happy  state,  you  are  much  more  likely  to  behave  in  positive,  rewarding ways. If you are in a “bad mood”, you  tend  to make  poor decisions and ignore  the positive  things around you. How  do emotional states work? If you concentrate, you can often put yourself in whatever state you want (Think happy thoughts!). 


Adapted. New English Point, Book 2. 1999. Editora Saraiva.
The  excerpt  “If  you  concentrate,  you  can  often  put yourself in whatever state you want” means that 
Alternativas
Q3487252 Inglês
Read the text and answer question.


Manage your money 


    Congratulations!  You  have  received  your  first  salary.  How  are you going to spend it? Are you going to go out and buy that new cell phone or those cool sneakers? Well, don’t! 

     Before you spend a cent, you have  to make a budget and  plan  your  spending.  First, write  down  your  income  (how much  money  you  receive).  Then  calculate  your  expenses  (rent,  transportation, food, etc). If your expenses are __________ than  your  income,  you  are  on  the  right  road!  Now  you  know  how  much  money  you  have  left  to  spend  each  month.  But  don’t  overspend or you will have to borrow money. Borrowing money  from the bank is expensive. Interest rates are high. Always check  to see if a friend or family member can lend you the money. 

    You also  have  to  think about  the long  term. How are you  going  to  pay  for  that  holiday  at  the  beach  or  buy  your  family  presents?  You  will  have  to  save  money  every  month.  So,  that  new cell phone can wait. Manage your money and maybe you’ll  be able to take that holiday at the beach ‐ in Mexico! 


Adapted. World English 1B. 2010. Heinle Cengage Learning. 
Choose the correct word to complete the summary of the  text. 

“The  author  said  that  it  is  important  that  the  reader  __________  exactly  what  his/her  expenses  are,  before  he/she  starts to spend his/her salary.” 
Alternativas
Q3487251 Inglês
Read the text and answer question.


Manage your money 


    Congratulations!  You  have  received  your  first  salary.  How  are you going to spend it? Are you going to go out and buy that new cell phone or those cool sneakers? Well, don’t! 

     Before you spend a cent, you have  to make a budget and  plan  your  spending.  First, write  down  your  income  (how much  money  you  receive).  Then  calculate  your  expenses  (rent,  transportation, food, etc). If your expenses are __________ than  your  income,  you  are  on  the  right  road!  Now  you  know  how  much  money  you  have  left  to  spend  each  month.  But  don’t  overspend or you will have to borrow money. Borrowing money  from the bank is expensive. Interest rates are high. Always check  to see if a friend or family member can lend you the money. 

    You also  have  to  think about  the long  term. How are you  going  to  pay  for  that  holiday  at  the  beach  or  buy  your  family  presents?  You  will  have  to  save  money  every  month.  So,  that  new cell phone can wait. Manage your money and maybe you’ll  be able to take that holiday at the beach ‐ in Mexico! 


Adapted. World English 1B. 2010. Heinle Cengage Learning. 
Another  way  of  saying  “...maybe  you’ll  be  able  to  take  that holiday...” is: 
Alternativas
Respostas
121: C
122: D
123: B
124: E
125: E
126: A
127: B
128: E
129: A
130: C
131: D
132: A
133: B
134: D
135: B
136: A
137: D
138: C
139: B
140: B