Questões de Vestibular Sobre inglês
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According to the cartoon, all the following alternatives can be
considered correct, EXCEPT:
Scientists have long touted DNA’s potential as an ideal storage medium; it’s dense, easy to replicate, and stable over millennia. But in order to replace existing silicon‐chip or magnetic‐tape storage technologies, DNA will have to get a lot cheaper to predictably read, write, and package.
That’s where scientists like Hyunjun Park come in. He and the other cofounders of Catalog, an MIT DNA‐storage spinoff emerging out of stealth on Tuesday, are building a machine that will write a terabyte of data a day, using 500 trillion molecules of DNA.
If successful, DNA storage could be the answer to a uniquely 21st‐century problem: information overload. Five years ago humans had produced 4.4 zettabytes of data; that's set to explode to 160 zettabytes (each year!) by 2025. Current infrastructure can handle only a fraction of the coming data deluge, which is expected to consume all the world's microchip‐grade silicon by 2040.
“Today’s technology is already close to the physical limits of scaling,” says Victor Zhirnov, chief scientist of the Semiconductor Research Corporation. “DNA has an information‐storage density several orders of magnitude higher than any other known storage technology.”
How dense exactly? Imagine formatting every movie ever made into DNA; it would be smaller than the size of a sugar cube. And it would last for 10,000 years.
Wired, June, 2018. Disponível em https://www.wired.com/. Adaptado.
Assigning female genders to digital assistants such as Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa is helping entrench harmful gender biases, according to a UN agency.
Research released by Unesco claims that the often submissive and flirty responses offered by the systemsto many queries – including outright abusive ones – reinforce ideas of women as subservient.
“Because the speech of most voice assistants is female, it sends a signal that women are obliging, docile and eager‐to‐ please helpers, available at the touch of a button or with a blunt voice command like ‘hey’ or ‘OK’”, the report said.
“The assistant holds no power of agency beyond what the commander asks of it. It honours commands and responds to queries regardless of their tone or hostility. In many communities, this reinforces commonly held gender biases that women are subservient and tolerant of poor treatment.”
The Unesco publication was entitled “I’d Blush if I Could”; a reference to the response Apple’s Siri assistant offers to the phrase: “You’re a slut.” Amazon’s Alexa will respond: “Well, thanks for the feedback.”
The papersaid such firms were “staffed by overwhelmingly male engineering teams” and have built AI (Artificial Intelligence) systems that “cause their feminised digital assistants to greet verbal abuse with catch‐me‐if‐you‐can flirtation”.
Saniye Gülser Corat, Unesco’s director for gender equality, said: “The world needs to pay much closer attention to how, when and whether AI technologies are gendered and, crucially, who is gendering them.”
The Guardian, May, 2019. Adaptado.
Assigning female genders to digital assistants such as Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa is helping entrench harmful gender biases, according to a UN agency.
Research released by Unesco claims that the often submissive and flirty responses offered by the systemsto many queries – including outright abusive ones – reinforce ideas of women as subservient.
“Because the speech of most voice assistants is female, it sends a signal that women are obliging, docile and eager‐to‐ please helpers, available at the touch of a button or with a blunt voice command like ‘hey’ or ‘OK’”, the report said.
“The assistant holds no power of agency beyond what the commander asks of it. It honours commands and responds to queries regardless of their tone or hostility. In many communities, this reinforces commonly held gender biases that women are subservient and tolerant of poor treatment.”
The Unesco publication was entitled “I’d Blush if I Could”; a reference to the response Apple’s Siri assistant offers to the phrase: “You’re a slut.” Amazon’s Alexa will respond: “Well, thanks for the feedback.”
The papersaid such firms were “staffed by overwhelmingly male engineering teams” and have built AI (Artificial Intelligence) systems that “cause their feminised digital assistants to greet verbal abuse with catch‐me‐if‐you‐can flirtation”.
Saniye Gülser Corat, Unesco’s director for gender equality, said: “The world needs to pay much closer attention to how, when and whether AI technologies are gendered and, crucially, who is gendering them.”
The Guardian, May, 2019. Adaptado.
Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-47722427
Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-47722427
Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-47722427
Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-47722427
Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-47722427
Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-47722427
Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-47722427
Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-47722427
Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-47722427
Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-47722427
TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO.
Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire
By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET
An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been uncovered in the Baltic Sea.
Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime Administration back in 2009.
But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck using underwater robots.
The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast, the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports. Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The Independent reported.
"This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic Sea, he added.
(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)
TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO.
Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire
By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET
An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been uncovered in the Baltic Sea.
Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime Administration back in 2009.
But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck using underwater robots.
The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast, the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports. Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The Independent reported.
"This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic Sea, he added.
(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)
TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO.
Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire
By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET
An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been uncovered in the Baltic Sea.
Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime Administration back in 2009.
But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck using underwater robots.
The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast, the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports. Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The Independent reported.
"This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic Sea, he added.
(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)
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