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Q3407602 Arquitetura de Software
No que se refere à integração de sistemas, à arquitetura de software, aos testes de software e aos bancos de dados, julgue o item subsecutivo. 
RabbitMQ tem um modelo baseado em filas, tal que os produtores podem enviar mensagens para exchanges, que as roteiam para filas apropriadas, onde são processadas pelos consumidores, reduzindo o acoplamento entre os componentes da arquitetura e promovendo maior tolerância a falhas e escalabilidade. 
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Q3407601 Banco de Dados
No que se refere à integração de sistemas, à arquitetura de software, aos testes de software e aos bancos de dados, julgue o item subsecutivo. 
Stored procedures em PL/SQL são estruturas armazenadas diretamente no banco de dados que permitem a execução de instruções SQL pré-compiladas, o que reduz o tráfego de rede e melhora o desempenho das aplicações.
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Q3407600 Arquitetura de Software
No que se refere à integração de sistemas, à arquitetura de software, aos testes de software e aos bancos de dados, julgue o item subsecutivo. 
Os princípios FIRST orientam os testes automatizados a serem rápidos na execução, flexíveis na aplicação em diferentes contextos, independentes entre si, repetíveis consistentemente, autovalidáveis e oportunos na criação e execução. 
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Q3407599 Programação
No que se refere ao desenvolvimento web e mobile, bem como ao desenvolvimento com contêineres, julgue o próximo item.
Em desenvolvimento web, o HTML é utilizado para estruturar páginas web, o CSS, para adicionar funcionalidades interativas à página e o JavaScript, para personalizar estilos da página.
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Q3407597 Programação
No que se refere ao desenvolvimento web e mobile, bem como ao desenvolvimento com contêineres, julgue o próximo item.
Kubernetes é um software de orquestração que fornece uma API para controlar como e onde os contêineres serão executados; o uso desse software com o Docker pode tornar a infraestrutura mais robusta e fazer com que o aplicativo que os utiliza esteja mais disponível e mais escalonável. 
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Q3407596 Programação
Acerca das linguagens de programação, das linguagens de script e dos diferentes padrões de representação de dados, julgue o item a seguir.
Quando comparada ao Python, a linguagem Java, apesar de ter uma sintaxe mais verbosa, com estrutura textual repetitiva e regras sintáticas mais rígidas, é mais adequada para aplicações que exigem alto desempenho, devido à velocidade de execução.
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Q3407595 Programação
Acerca das linguagens de programação, das linguagens de script e dos diferentes padrões de representação de dados, julgue o item a seguir.
JSON e XML são representações usadas para a troca de dados entre aplicações, sendo o XML mais adequado para a troca de dados de forma organizada, e o JSON, quando são exigidas informações de metadata
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Q3407594 Programação
Acerca das linguagens de programação, das linguagens de script e dos diferentes padrões de representação de dados, julgue o item a seguir.
O Terraform e o Ansible possuem funcionalidades diferentes e, por esse motivo, não podem ser usados em conjunto para criar uma solução completa de automação de infraestrutura. 
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Q3407593 Engenharia de Software
No que se refere a técnicas de priorização e de estimativas com story points e à gestão de backlog, julgue o item a seguir.
Story points são uma métrica precisa de tempo, pois refletem o esforço atual e a duração do trabalho ao considerarem fatores como complexidade, dependências, riscos e débitos técnicos. 
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Q3407592 Engenharia de Software
No que se refere a técnicas de priorização e de estimativas com story points e à gestão de backlog, julgue o item a seguir.
Um backlog de portfólio permite o agrupamento e a organização dos itens do backlog em uma estrutura hierárquica, exibindo iniciativas, épicos e projetos estratégicos que orientam o trabalho da organização ao longo do tempo. 
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Q3407591 Engenharia de Software
Com relação a práticas ágeis e ao sistema de gestão Kanban, julgue o item subsequente. 
Um item de backlog deve ser uma história de usuário completa, não podendo ser representado por tarefas técnicas tal como, por exemplo, refatorar o código da interface com o usuário. 
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Q3407590 Engenharia de Software
Com relação a práticas ágeis e ao sistema de gestão Kanban, julgue o item subsequente. 
A daily scrum baseada em fluxo altera o foco tradicional da reunião, o qual passa a ser as pessoas e a resolução de impedimentos dos itens de trabalho no quadro Kanban. 
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Q3407589 Engenharia de Software
Com relação a práticas ágeis e ao sistema de gestão Kanban, julgue o item subsequente. 
Um product owner que não aceita feedback do time de desenvolvimento ou dos stakeholders compromete a inspeção e adaptação do produto com base em colaboração, principal objetivo da sprint review.
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Q3407588 Engenharia de Software
Com relação a práticas ágeis e ao sistema de gestão Kanban, julgue o item subsequente. 
A limitação do WIP (work in progress) é uma prática fundamental no Kanban para apoiar a implementação do sistema puxado, no qual um novo item só é iniciado quando há capacidade disponível na equipe. 
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Q3407587 Engenharia de Software
A respeito dos processos de desenvolvimento de software, julgue o item que se segue.
No desenvolvimento incremental, não é exigida a entrega de cada um dos incrementos ao cliente, mas busca-se torná-los visíveis para possibilitar, sempre que viável, o feedback de stakeholders.
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Q3407586 Engenharia de Software
A respeito dos processos de desenvolvimento de software, julgue o item que se segue.
A abordagem de melhoria de processos baseada em maturidade objetiva a adoção de práticas estruturadas e técnicas para elevar a qualidade do produto e a previsibilidade do processo.
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Q3407584 Inglês
Text CG2A1-II

    Virtual reality (VR) can, in its own imperfect ways, transport a user into distant experiences. One thing VR can’t yet do, however, is simulate the experience of eating lunch. But that could change thanks to a new “bio-integrated gustatory interface” device called e-Taste.
     Researchers from Ohio State University created a small electromagnetic pump connected to a liquid channel of chemicals that, when mixed in the right ratios, can approximate the taste of coffee, lemonade, cake, and other food and drinks. That newly crafted chemical liquid is then pushed through via a gel. Users ultimately experience the taste as a liquid that sits in their mouth. And while an initial group of human test subjects struggled to accurately differentiate between different taste profiles, the study suggests a future VR steakhouse experience might not be as far-fetched as it sounds.
     The researchers tested their new device on 10 volunteers and received mixed results. On the positive side, the test subjects were able to differentiate between various sour taste profile intensities with approximately 70 percent accuracy. The tests were less conclusive though when researchers asked participants to distinguish between flavors intended to represent cake, fried egg, coffee, and fish soup. That discrepancy is not necessarily due entirely to poor device performance, though. Even in the physical world, taste is inherently subjective. Factors such as smell, memory, and visual cues can influence how we perceive food. Two people might experience the taste of the same meal slightly differently. “Taste and smell are greatly related to human emotion and memory,” added one of the researchers. “So our sensor has to learn to capture, control, and store all that information.”
    The e-Taste researchers believe their device could also have applications beyond video games. Theoretically, the technology could one day allow users to virtually taste-test items before ordering them. Medical professionals might also use the device to remotely assess whether patients have lost certain aspects of taste, which could be an early indicator of illness. Additionally, the device could serve as an aid in reintroducing taste sensations to individuals with certain neurological disorders or illnesses, such as long COVID, that have impaired their ability to taste food.

Internet: <popsci.com> (adapted).

According to text CG2A1-II, judge the item that follow.
The test subjects of the research mentioned in the text could accurately distinguish between sour taste intensities most of the time. 
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Q3407583 Inglês
Text CG2A1-II

    Virtual reality (VR) can, in its own imperfect ways, transport a user into distant experiences. One thing VR can’t yet do, however, is simulate the experience of eating lunch. But that could change thanks to a new “bio-integrated gustatory interface” device called e-Taste.
     Researchers from Ohio State University created a small electromagnetic pump connected to a liquid channel of chemicals that, when mixed in the right ratios, can approximate the taste of coffee, lemonade, cake, and other food and drinks. That newly crafted chemical liquid is then pushed through via a gel. Users ultimately experience the taste as a liquid that sits in their mouth. And while an initial group of human test subjects struggled to accurately differentiate between different taste profiles, the study suggests a future VR steakhouse experience might not be as far-fetched as it sounds.
     The researchers tested their new device on 10 volunteers and received mixed results. On the positive side, the test subjects were able to differentiate between various sour taste profile intensities with approximately 70 percent accuracy. The tests were less conclusive though when researchers asked participants to distinguish between flavors intended to represent cake, fried egg, coffee, and fish soup. That discrepancy is not necessarily due entirely to poor device performance, though. Even in the physical world, taste is inherently subjective. Factors such as smell, memory, and visual cues can influence how we perceive food. Two people might experience the taste of the same meal slightly differently. “Taste and smell are greatly related to human emotion and memory,” added one of the researchers. “So our sensor has to learn to capture, control, and store all that information.”
    The e-Taste researchers believe their device could also have applications beyond video games. Theoretically, the technology could one day allow users to virtually taste-test items before ordering them. Medical professionals might also use the device to remotely assess whether patients have lost certain aspects of taste, which could be an early indicator of illness. Additionally, the device could serve as an aid in reintroducing taste sensations to individuals with certain neurological disorders or illnesses, such as long COVID, that have impaired their ability to taste food.

Internet: <popsci.com> (adapted).

According to text CG2A1-II, judge the item that follow.
The text states that, even though they have tried, the creators of e-Taste could not emulate the experience of eating lunch.
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Q3407582 Inglês
Text CG2A1-II

    Virtual reality (VR) can, in its own imperfect ways, transport a user into distant experiences. One thing VR can’t yet do, however, is simulate the experience of eating lunch. But that could change thanks to a new “bio-integrated gustatory interface” device called e-Taste.
     Researchers from Ohio State University created a small electromagnetic pump connected to a liquid channel of chemicals that, when mixed in the right ratios, can approximate the taste of coffee, lemonade, cake, and other food and drinks. That newly crafted chemical liquid is then pushed through via a gel. Users ultimately experience the taste as a liquid that sits in their mouth. And while an initial group of human test subjects struggled to accurately differentiate between different taste profiles, the study suggests a future VR steakhouse experience might not be as far-fetched as it sounds.
     The researchers tested their new device on 10 volunteers and received mixed results. On the positive side, the test subjects were able to differentiate between various sour taste profile intensities with approximately 70 percent accuracy. The tests were less conclusive though when researchers asked participants to distinguish between flavors intended to represent cake, fried egg, coffee, and fish soup. That discrepancy is not necessarily due entirely to poor device performance, though. Even in the physical world, taste is inherently subjective. Factors such as smell, memory, and visual cues can influence how we perceive food. Two people might experience the taste of the same meal slightly differently. “Taste and smell are greatly related to human emotion and memory,” added one of the researchers. “So our sensor has to learn to capture, control, and store all that information.”
    The e-Taste researchers believe their device could also have applications beyond video games. Theoretically, the technology could one day allow users to virtually taste-test items before ordering them. Medical professionals might also use the device to remotely assess whether patients have lost certain aspects of taste, which could be an early indicator of illness. Additionally, the device could serve as an aid in reintroducing taste sensations to individuals with certain neurological disorders or illnesses, such as long COVID, that have impaired their ability to taste food.

Internet: <popsci.com> (adapted).

According to text CG2A1-II, judge the item that follow.
In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the use of “far-fetched” implies that the possibility of a VR steakhouse experience comes across as highly unrealistic and unlikely to occur. 
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Q3407580 Inglês
Text CG2A1-I

    Industry, government and law enforcement agencies are in race to keep up with the vast cybercrime ecosystem, experts say, as cybercriminals and malicious actors increasingly exploit the digital economy. “The global law enforcement community is struggling with the sheer volume of cyber-related crimes,” Jürgen Stock, the Secretary-General of INTERPOL, said during the World Economic Forum’s 2024 Annual Meeting in Davos. “The crime statistics only go in one direction, which is up.”
     Cybercrime rose significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, large and sophisticated cybercrimes continue to be deployed today. They are also becoming more expensive for the targeted companies and organizations. The average global cost of a data breach reached US$ 4.45 million last year, according to the latest research, the highest level ever recorded.
    In Davos, experts maintain that so-called security by design is key to bolstering cyber resilience. The concept of security by design entails building cybersecurity protocols into software and hardware products from the earliest development stage. This approach allows safeguards to be embedded at each state of operation and limits the chances of cybersecurity vulnerabilities emerging as products develop and are put into use. “It has become an imperative for the digital public infrastructure,” Debjani Ghosh, President of Indian technology non-profit NASSCOM, said of security by design.
     The international community needs to “start thinking about the processes we can put in place to make sure that we can support each other and defend each other’s public infrastructures,” Sadie Creese, a Professor of Cybersecurity at the University of Oxford, said in Davos.

Internet: <weforum.org> (adapted).

Based on text CG2A1-I, judge the following item.
According to some experts mentioned in the text, security by design may play a supplementary role in strengthening digital defenses.
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Respostas
10961: C
10962: C
10963: E
10964: E
10965: C
10966: C
10967: E
10968: E
10969: E
10970: C
10971: E
10972: E
10973: C
10974: C
10975: C
10976: C
10977: C
10978: E
10979: E
10980: E