Questões de Concurso
Sobre voz ativa e passiva | passive and active voice em inglês
Foram encontradas 377 questões
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Barra Bonita - SC - Professor II (Língua Estrangeira – Inglês) |
Q4392984
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
A leader in the study of longevity is returning to
UCLA Health
Renowned geroscientist and computational biologist
Steve Horvath, PhD, is returning as a professor in the
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA on July 1, after
4 1/2 years in the biotech industry. Previously, he was a
full-time professor of Human Genetics and Biostatistics at
UCLA for 22 years.
Geroscience is the modern term for the biology of aging.
Dr. Horvath, who was born in Germany, is internationally
known for his research into the aging process and, in
particular, epigenetics, how the environment influences
our genes, affecting a person's longevity.
His groundbreaking research, which he began at UCLA in
2011, looked at the "epigenetic age" of more than 13,000
DNA samples of people from the U.S. and Europe,
determined from the chemical modifications of their DNA
(also called DNA methylation).
People whose epigenetic age was higher than their
chronological age were shown to be at an increased risk
of death from all causes. From this, Dr. Horvath
developed the "epigenetic clock," a way of measuring
biological aging and mortality risk.
"The universal mammalian methylation clock was really a
UCLA triumph — a true team effort," said Dr. Horvath,
who received the 2026 Luminary Award at the Precision
Medicine World Conference. That project, part of the
international Mammalian Methylation Consortium that Dr.
Horvath led, drew on collaborators across UCLA,
including Jason Ernst, PhD; William Yang, MD, PhD;
Ebru Erbay, MD, PhD; Karen Sears, PhD; and Ren
Larison, PhD.
Aging is a growing field of study and the Division of
Geriatrics is a research leader.
"Aging happens at the cellular level — every tissue in the
human body shows signs of aging," explained Arun S.
Karlamangla, MD, PhD, chief of the UCLA Division of
Geriatrics. "The epigenetic profile is affected by stresses
in life. As we age, these stresses change DNA
functionality. Dr. Horvath's research showed that these
changes can be quantified and used to predict a person's
lifespan."
None of us has control over the DNA we're born with, but
we do have some control over how long we live.
"The epigenetic clock is one window into biological aging,
but it doesn't capture everything, and plenty of
well-established factors influence how long and how well
a person lives," said Dr. Horvath. "The strongest
evidence is for the basics: not smoking, maintaining a
healthy weight, a sensible diet, regular physical activity
and good sleep."
Dr. Horvath has run the test on himself and by the
epigenetic clock, he is about three years younger than
his chronological age of 58.
New medications also show promise for improving
longevity, he said. "There's active research interest in
newer GLP-1 receptor agonists — e.g., the
Ozempic/Wegovy class — which are reshaping how we
think about metabolic health," said Dr. Horvath, adding
that the same is true for anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic
drugs.
Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard
tools across aging research, used by teams worldwide to
test what actually changes biological aging.
They have been applied in the randomized DO-HEALTH
trial, where omega-3, vitamin D and exercise modestly
slowed epigenetic aging in adults older than 70; in the
Women's Health Initiative, where faster epigenetic aging
tracked with later cognitive impairment and dementia;
and in studies of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
This kind of population-level application aligns closely
with the Division of Geriatrics' emphasis on healthy,
independent life expectancy.
Dr. Horvath's research has also shown that the cells of
different organs age at different rates. For instance, the
liver ages faster than other organs, he said, particularly in
the case of people with obesity.
Another discovery was that the blood and brain tissues of
human males age faster than those of females, which
might be the reason women live longer on average than
men across all cultures and countries.
Leading in aging research
The study of aging at the UCLA Division of Geriatrics
focuses on understanding the epidemiology of
age-related conditions such as frailty, cognitive
impairment and dementia, and improving the delivery of
compassionate, comprehensive care to older adults.
Dr. Horvath's return to UCLA will bolster the department's
role in aging research by translating his cellular research
to clinical trials, said Dr. Karlamangla.
"We want to be pioneers in all three aspects: cellular
research, clinical and population-level research, and
health services and implementation research," Dr.
Karlamangla said. "We are one of the pioneers in clinical
innovation for the delivery of healthcare to older adults,"
he said, an approach that is called bench to bedside.
Life expectancy is important, but even more important is
good health, which is necessary for independence, Dr.
Karlamangla emphasized. This is referred to as healthy
life expectancy, or independent life expectancy.
New work at UCLA
Along with serving as a professor, Dr. Horvath will return
to UCLA Health as director of aging biology research in
the Department of Medicine, working across 11 divisions.
In this way, he will work directly with doctors to apply
aging research to their patients. The move into the
Department of Medicine is deliberate: his focus now is translating discoveries from aging biology into care for
patients.
"What I'm most looking forward to in returning to UCLA is
the people and the collaborative environment," said Dr.
Horvath. "UCLA has remarkable strength across
medicine, computational biology, stem cell biology, and
the basic science of complex diseases, and being back in
that setting with former colleagues and future students is
what excites me most.
"It feels like the right place to do the next phase of this
work: helping to translate findings from aging biology into
the clinic."
https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/leader-study-longevity-returning
-ucla-health
The article combines tense, voice and modality to
distinguish current relevance, research findings and
degrees of epistemic certainty. Consider the grammatical
choices made in the excerpts below.
Analyze the statements:
I.In "Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard tools across aging research", the Present Perfect relates a development originating in the past to a current state.
II.In "People whose epigenetic age was higher [...] were shown to be at an increased risk", the passive construction foregrounds the research finding rather than the researchers responsible for demonstrating it.
III.In "which might be the reason women live longer", the modal verb might presents the proposed explanation as a conclusion regarded by the writer as highly certain.
It is correct to state that:
Analyze the statements:
I.In "Dr. Horvath's epigenetic clocks have become standard tools across aging research", the Present Perfect relates a development originating in the past to a current state.
II.In "People whose epigenetic age was higher [...] were shown to be at an increased risk", the passive construction foregrounds the research finding rather than the researchers responsible for demonstrating it.
III.In "which might be the reason women live longer", the modal verb might presents the proposed explanation as a conclusion regarded by the writer as highly certain.
It is correct to state that:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
IGEDUC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São Bento do Una - PE
Prova:
IGEDUC - 2026 - Prefeitura de São Bento do Una - PE - Professor II - Língua Inglesa |
Q4379792
Inglês
Consider the sentence:
"The committee will announce the results next Friday."
Which passive version preserves the tense and essential meaning CORRECTLY?
Which passive version preserves the tense and essential meaning CORRECTLY?
Ano: 2026
Banca:
IGEDUC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São Bento do Una - PE
Prova:
IGEDUC - 2026 - Prefeitura de São Bento do Una - PE - Professor II - Língua Inglesa |
Q4379786
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
More than 20 children killed in DR Congo school fire
At least 24 schoolchildren have died in a stampede as
they tried to flee a fire that engulfed two schools in
rebel-held Bukavu in the eastern Democratic Republic of
Congo, officials there have said.
Adults are also reported to have died in the fire and there
are fears that the death toll could rise further in the
densely populated Kadutu commune.
Survivors have been taken to nearby hospitals, and
footage of the scene shows children lying on hospital
floors in pain.
Some 300 houses have also been destroyed in the fire,
the cause of which is unknown.
Rebel?appointed authorities released a provisional death
toll of 24 on Thursday evening, confirming previous
reports, but there are fears that more people may have
died.
Pictures circulating on social media show young children
lying motionless on the ground.
A witness quoted by Reuters news agency said the fire
had been put out by afternoon but smoke was still rising
from rubble and corrugated metal.
Bukavu, the capital of South Kivu province and one of DR
Congo's most crowded hillside cities, was captured by
M23 rebels in February last year.
Meanwhile the government in Kinshasa released a
statement on X, without specifying numbers of casualties.
"The Ministry of National Education and New Citizenship
expressed deep sorrow over the deadly fire," it said.
"With several lives lost and many injured, the toll remains
provisional. The minister offered condolences, affirmed
solidarity with families, and ordered assessments of
affected schools to ensure learning continuity."
The tragedy follows a similar fire in Kinshasa last
weekend, where residents died in a stampede at a
wedding banquet hall.
In response, the government has ordered strict safety
measures and deployed teams nationwide to enforce
standards at public gathering places.
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgjq15j7318o
Consider the sentence:
"Survivors have been taken to nearby hospitals."
Analyze the statements.
I.The sentence is in the present perfect passive.
II.The grammatical subject refers to the people affected by the action.
III.An active version could be formed by introducing an appropriate agent, such as emergency teams, as the subject.
IV.The passive construction gives greater textual prominence to the survivors than to the unspecified agent.
Select the alternative that presents only the CORRECT statements.
"Survivors have been taken to nearby hospitals."
Analyze the statements.
I.The sentence is in the present perfect passive.
II.The grammatical subject refers to the people affected by the action.
III.An active version could be formed by introducing an appropriate agent, such as emergency teams, as the subject.
IV.The passive construction gives greater textual prominence to the survivors than to the unspecified agent.
Select the alternative that presents only the CORRECT statements.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Salvador - BA
Prova:
FGV - 2026 - Prefeitura de Salvador - BA - Professor Municipal I – Língua Estrangeira – Inglês |
Q4357875
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT IV
The sentence “vehicles will be tagged” is in the
Ano: 2026
Banca:
FCPC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Aracati - CE
Prova:
FCPC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Aracati - CE - Professor da Educação Básica II (Anos Finais) - Língua Inglesa |
Q4355788
Inglês
Texto associado
THE INCREDIBLE STORY OF A LIFE-SAVING SURGERY
Compiled and adapted from: TEXAS CHILDREN’S. Meet Lynlee, who was born twice. [S. l.], 2018. Available at:
https://www.texaschildrens.org/content/fundraising/meet-lynlee-who-was-born-twice. Accessed on: August 28, 2026 and THE
DOCTORPRENEUR ACADEMY. Born Twice: The incredible story of baby Lynlee's life-saving surgery!. [S. l.]: YouTube,
2024. 1 vídeo (3 min). Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gxjhUOkCphA. Accessed on: August 27, 2026.
Lynlee Boemer ________ with a sacrococcygeal teratoma during pregnancy.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
FLEM Concursos
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Riachão do Jacuípe - BA
Prova:
FLEM Concursos - 2026 - Prefeitura de Riachão do Jacuípe - BA - Professor de Inglês |
Q4352726
Inglês
Texto associado
Texto 2:
Adaptado de: MIAO, Fengchun; HOLMES, Wayne. Guidance for
generative AI in education and research. Paris: UNESCO, 2023;
MIAO, Fengchun; CUKUROVA, Mutlu. AI competency framework
for teachers. Paris: UNESCO, 2024. Acesso em: 3 ago. 2026.
No trecho “outputs produced by AI need to be examined critically
rather than accepted as neutral or authoritative”, o emprego das
formas passivas “need to be examined” e “accepted” contribui para
Q4350264
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
World's largest intelligent container ship sets sail
The delivery of the nation's first and the world's largest intelligent container ship powered entirely by electricity marks the transition toward a greener and more intelligent future by China's shipping industry, experts said.
Following the successful completion of various tests, the vessel, named Ning Yuan Dian Kun, was delivered in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, on Wednesday.
"From the initial project approval to the final delivery, the vessel showcased the full life-cycle development of zero carbon ships, characterized by pure electric propulsion, autonomous navigation and high operational efficiency, achieved by China's shipping industry," said Ma Hongmeng, a senior engineer at Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute and the person in charge of the intelligent container ship.
According to Ma, the ship is proof that China's coastal container transportation segment is entering a new era marked by zero-emissions, intelligent operations and high efficiency, a prerequisite for achieving carbon neutrality and shipping energy transformation.
With a capacity of over 740 twenty-foot equivalent units, the vessel was independently developed and designed by SDARI. Its electric propulsion system was provided by Shanghai Marine Equipment Research Institute. Both companies are subsidiaries of China State Shipbuilding Corp.
"Independently developed by SMERI, the innovative electric propulsion system has undergone maritime navigation tests, which fully proved its reliability, superiority and adaptability," said Wu Guodong, a senior engineer at the institute.
He added that with all performance indicators meeting expectations, the technological breakthrough from design to application highlighted China's leading position in pure electric ship power system integration worldwide, and laid a solid foundation for the transformation of China's shipping industry to a greener and carbon neutral one.
With a length of 127.8 meters and a width of 21.6 meters, the ship has been tailor-made for Ningbo Ocean Shipping Co and will run on the coastal shipping route between Ningbo and Jiaxing in Zhejiang province.
A senior official from the Ningbo Maritime Safety Administration said that due to the distinctive features of new-generation intelligent vessels, a dedicated service team has been established to provide comprehensive support. The team will conduct continuous tracking and precise assessments throughout the entire process — from design and construction to navigation — ensuring a thorough grasp of the vessels' technical characteristics and effective control of operational risks.
The vessel is equipped with 10 container-shaped power units with a total power supply capacity of about 19,600 kilowatt-hours.
"This allows the ship to achieve zero-emission and zero-noise green operation throughout the entire voyage, while perfectly adapting to the practical operational needs of coastal container transportation," Ma said.
Wang Ting, captain of Ning Yuan Dian Kun, also confirmed this view. "Compared with traditional fuel-powered vessels, the most noticeable change in a fully electric seagoing ship is the lack of noise. In the past, the engine room would be filled by the roar of the main engine, whereas voyages nowadays are almost silent. This creates a more relaxed working environment and allows crew members to concentrate better on operations — a significant improvement brought about by green energy," he said.
He added that in terms of power response, the torque output of electric propulsion motors is linear and instantaneous. Acceleration and deceleration are smooth and highly responsive, with virtually no delay, making operations more straightforward. However, this also places new demands on operators — they must learn to manage energy efficiently, closely monitor power consumption, and plan vessel speed in a more rational manner.
The ship has also adopted two permanent magnet synchronous propulsion motors, capable of cutting carbon emissions by 1,462 tons per year, and completely eliminating emissions of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and fine particles.
"In this way, we manage to achieve zero pollution throughout the entire process of transportation, ranging from navigation and berthing to loading and unloading," Ma from SDARI said.
Currently, Ningbo Ocean Shipping Co operates 32 green and energy-efficient vessels, accounting for 57 percent of its self-owned fleet, marking the initial formation of a sizable green fleet.
Chen Xiaofeng, chairman of the company, said: "We hope to achieve breakthroughs in key areas through Ning Yuan Dian Kun. We aim to build the country's first demonstration model of a fully electric seagoing vessel, promoting the expansion of pure electric technology from inland waterways to maritime transport. We seek to establish a complete, replicable technical and operational system for 'zero-carbon transportation'."
https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202604/16/WS69e0ee90a310d6866e b43dd4.html
Read the sentence below.
"Following the successful completion of various tests, the vessel, named Ning Yuan Dian Kun, was delivered in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, on Wednesday."
In the sentence, the structure "was delivered" is in the:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Mondaí - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Mondaí - SC - Professor Licenciado – Área III / Disciplina: Inglês - Edital nº 39 |
Q4349662
Inglês
Texto associado
Level 1 Autism Spectrum Disorder (formerly known
as Asperger's Syndrome)
Since the mid-2000's, there has been a steady increase
in the number of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder
(ASD) registered at the Paul Menton Centre, consistent
with the finding that Ottawa has the second-highest
concentration of such students in Ontario
(Alcorn-MacKay, 2010).
While still in use, the term Asperger's Syndrome does not
appear in the most recent version of the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM; American
Psychiatric Association, 2013), and is now subsumed
under the broad category of Autism Spectrum Disorder
(ASD). Those diagnosed in the past with Asperger's
would now be identified as having Level 1 ASD (requiring
minimal supports). A neurodevelopmental disorder
usually identified in childhood, ASD is diagnosed and
described based on two symptom dimensions: (1)
Deficits in social communication/social interaction, and
(2) Restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests
or activities.
Carleton students with ASD typically have many
strengths. They are usually highly articulate, in speech
and in writing. They tend to be attentive to detail, with
strengths in rote memory and a systematic, logical
approach to problem solving. They may have intense
interests around a general theme (for example,
mechanics or history) with more specific, related interests
having varied since childhood (Stoddart, Burke and King,
2012), which can be highly motivating if they are in a
related program. They are also likely to be
straightforward, loyal and honest (McMahon-Coleman,
2016).
In addition to the two DSM-V symptom dimensions,
students with ASD may experience excessive anxiety
associated with everyday events.
Many are
hypersensitive to environmental stimuli, such as noise,
harsh lighting and crowds. They may exhibit rigid,
inflexible, rule-bound behaviour, and can experience
profound anxiety in response to unfamiliar settings,
unclear expectations, and (seemingly minor) changes
(e.g. last-minute changes to course syllabus). Other
observed areas of difficulty include time management
and organization, concentration, fine motor skills (messy,
effortful handwriting) and processing speed.
Many students with ASD struggle to participate in class
discussions, presentations and group work. Grades may
suffer because they do not intuitively grasp "the hidden
curriculum" like their peers. To illustrate, some may lack
awareness of the various types of postsecondary settings
− like lectures, labs, and discussion groups − with distinct
formats for teaching and learning and expectations for
behaviour. They may generalize from the familiar,
predominately reproductive learning culture of high school (memorise this and give it back) and be
unprepared when required to analyse, critique, or apply
knowledge. They may need to be taught explicitly that
different academic fields apply different writing
conventions, which vary further across assignment types
(book report versus persuasive essay, for example), and
benefit from access to models, scaffolded assignments
(McMahon-Coleman, 2016) and clear written instructions.
Symptoms and characteristics of ASD may lead to false
impressions; as a result, many students struggle to
establish and maintain friendships. Some speak in a
relatively monotone voice with limited eye contact and
avoid social interactions. Such individuals may be
perceived as aloof, uninterested "loners". Others speak
too loudly and out of context, with intense eye contact
and a propensity to talk extensively about their own
interests, giving the impression that they are insensitive
and self-centered. They may be unaware of "unwritten"
social rules (e.g. personal space), or interpret language in
a highly literal fashion (cannot detect sarcasm or "read
between the lines"). Most can't "do small talk"; nor do
they readily interpret and express non-verbal social cues
(facial expressions, tone of voice, gestures).
Typical Academic Accommodations
• Extra time and a smaller location for
tests and exams
• Access to a word processor for written tests
and exams
• Recording software or recording pen for
lectures
• Access to volunteer notetaking services
• Consideration for group work, presentations
or participation.
In some cases, a PMC Coordinator will encourage
students with ASD to send their instructors a
personalised Letter of Introduction explaining the impact
of their disability and related strengths and challenges.
Resources
Gobbo, K. and Shmulsky, S. (2014) Faculty Experience
With College Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders:
A Qualitative Study of Challenges and Solutions. Focus
on Autism and other Developmental Disabilities, 29(1),
13-22
McKeon, B., Alpern, C. S., & Zager, D. (2013). Promoting
academic engagement for college students with Autism
Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Postsecondary Education
and Disability, 26(4), 353-366.
Burgstahler, S. & Russo-Gleicher, R.J. (2015). Applying
universal design to address the needs of postsecondary
students on the autism spectrum. Journal of
Postsecondary Education and Disability, 29, 199-212.
References
Alcorn Mackay, S. (2010). Identifying Trends and
Supports for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder Transitioning into Postsecondary. Toronto: Higher
Education Quality Council Ontario.
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and
statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington,
VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Stoddart, K. P., Burke, L., and King, R. (2012). Asperger
Syndrome in Adulthood: A Comprehensive Guide for
Clinicians. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Baron-Cohen, S., Leslie, A. and Frith, U. (1985). Does
the autistic child have a "theory of mind"? Cognition,
21(1), 37-46
https://carleton.ca/pmc/level-1-autism-spectrum-disorder-formerly-know
n-as-aspergers-syndrome/
Examine the sentence:
"Those diagnosed in the past with Asperger's would now be identified as having Level 1 ASD."
In this context, the construction "would now be identified as having" is accurately interpreted as:
"Those diagnosed in the past with Asperger's would now be identified as having Level 1 ASD."
In this context, the construction "would now be identified as having" is accurately interpreted as:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
Unesc
Órgão:
InoversaSul
Prova:
Unesc - 2026 - InoversaSul - Professor de Inglês - Anos Finais |
Q4337356
Inglês
A teacher asks students to rewrite a sentence in the
passive while preserving the temporal relationship
established by the original verb phrase. The task requires
more than exchanging the positions of two noun phrases.
Original sentence:
"The school had already uploaded the materials before parents received the link."
Which transformation preserves the tense, aspect, and basic propositional meaning of the first clause?
Original sentence:
"The school had already uploaded the materials before parents received the link."
Which transformation preserves the tense, aspect, and basic propositional meaning of the first clause?
Ano: 2026
Banca:
Unesc
Órgão:
InoversaSul
Prova:
Unesc - 2026 - InoversaSul - Professor de Inglês - Anos Finais |
Q4337345
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
'Simply astonishing': Experts just found a massive
lost civilisation hiding in the Amazon
A civilisation that may have once numbered up to 3
million people has been uncovered beneath the Amazon
rainforest's dense canopy, according to a new study.
Researchers used LIDAR − a technology that fires pulses
of laser light through gaps in the forest canopy to map
the ground below − to survey more than 4,400km of the
southwestern Amazon Basin. The findings were
published in Nature.
Archaeologists now believe the Aquiry civilisation, which
lived in the region from roughly 600BCE to 850CE, may
have been around three times larger than previously
expected. At its peak, their society may have numbered
1.25 −3 million people.
The survey uncovered thousands of geometric patterns
built into the Earth, known as geoglyphs, which take
various shapes including circles and squares and appear
to be connected by straight roads or pathways.
"The scale and precision of these constructions are
simply astonishing," lead author and University of
Helsinki archaeologist, Prof Martti Pärssinen, told BBC
Science Focus.
"Based on LiDAR surveys covering 4,500 km², we
estimate that the entire 183,000 km² Aquiry region may
contain approximately 24,000 to 30,000 earthworks
linked by hundreds of roads, revealing a scale of
landscape modification previously unimaginable for this
part of Amazonia."
Before LIDAR technology was able to peek through the
trees, experts could only investigate deforested areas of
the Amazon − fuelling a mistaken belief that only the
rainforest's sparser regions had been settled by humans,
and not its denser parts.
"These findings suggest that many other regions across
Amazonia may likewise have been far more densely
populated and intensively modified than previously
assumed, challenging the long-standing view of the
rainforest as a largely untouched wilderness," Pärssinen
said.
The next phase of the project is to use the same laser technology to identify tree species that early societies
domesticated − such as those bearing nuts or fruit, and
which continue to grow in the region today.
"We will then investigate how their distribution relates to
different ecosystems, as well as to the locations of
earthworks and ancient road networks," Pärssinen said.
"Simply put, one cannot help but wonder: what else
remains hidden beneath the forest canopy?"
https://www.sciencefocus.com/news/amazon-civilisation-lidar
The article alternates active and passive constructions
according to the information being foregrounded. In the
opening section, the discovery itself receives prominence
before the text turns to the researchers and the methods
used to obtain the evidence.
Considering verb tense, aspect, and voice in sentences from the article, mark T, for true, and F, for false.
(__)In "A civilisation [...] has been uncovered beneath the Amazon rainforest's dense canopy, has been uncovered" is a present perfect passive construction.
(__)In "Researchers used LIDAR", the simple past active presents researchers as the grammatical subject performing the action expressed by used.
(__)In "The findings were published in Nature", the passive construction foregrounds the findings rather than requiring the agent responsible for publication to occupy subject position.
(__)In "The survey uncovered thousands of geometric patterns", the verb uncovered is passive because the geometric patterns receive the action described in the sentence.
After analysis, select the alternative that presents the CORRECT sequence of the items above, from top to bottom.
Considering verb tense, aspect, and voice in sentences from the article, mark T, for true, and F, for false.
(__)In "A civilisation [...] has been uncovered beneath the Amazon rainforest's dense canopy, has been uncovered" is a present perfect passive construction.
(__)In "Researchers used LIDAR", the simple past active presents researchers as the grammatical subject performing the action expressed by used.
(__)In "The findings were published in Nature", the passive construction foregrounds the findings rather than requiring the agent responsible for publication to occupy subject position.
(__)In "The survey uncovered thousands of geometric patterns", the verb uncovered is passive because the geometric patterns receive the action described in the sentence.
After analysis, select the alternative that presents the CORRECT sequence of the items above, from top to bottom.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
Unesc
Órgão:
InoversaSul
Prova:
Unesc - 2026 - InoversaSul - Professor de Inglês - Anos Finais |
Q4337339
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
'Simply astonishing': Experts just found a massive
lost civilisation hiding in the Amazon
A civilisation that may have once numbered up to 3
million people has been uncovered beneath the Amazon
rainforest's dense canopy, according to a new study.
Researchers used LIDAR − a technology that fires pulses
of laser light through gaps in the forest canopy to map
the ground below − to survey more than 4,400km of the
southwestern Amazon Basin. The findings were
published in Nature.
Archaeologists now believe the Aquiry civilisation, which
lived in the region from roughly 600BCE to 850CE, may
have been around three times larger than previously
expected. At its peak, their society may have numbered
1.25 −3 million people.
The survey uncovered thousands of geometric patterns
built into the Earth, known as geoglyphs, which take
various shapes including circles and squares and appear
to be connected by straight roads or pathways.
"The scale and precision of these constructions are
simply astonishing," lead author and University of
Helsinki archaeologist, Prof Martti Pärssinen, told BBC
Science Focus.
"Based on LiDAR surveys covering 4,500 km², we
estimate that the entire 183,000 km² Aquiry region may
contain approximately 24,000 to 30,000 earthworks
linked by hundreds of roads, revealing a scale of
landscape modification previously unimaginable for this
part of Amazonia."
Before LIDAR technology was able to peek through the
trees, experts could only investigate deforested areas of
the Amazon − fuelling a mistaken belief that only the
rainforest's sparser regions had been settled by humans,
and not its denser parts.
"These findings suggest that many other regions across
Amazonia may likewise have been far more densely
populated and intensively modified than previously
assumed, challenging the long-standing view of the
rainforest as a largely untouched wilderness," Pärssinen
said.
The next phase of the project is to use the same laser technology to identify tree species that early societies
domesticated − such as those bearing nuts or fruit, and
which continue to grow in the region today.
"We will then investigate how their distribution relates to
different ecosystems, as well as to the locations of
earthworks and ancient road networks," Pärssinen said.
"Simply put, one cannot help but wonder: what else
remains hidden beneath the forest canopy?"
https://www.sciencefocus.com/news/amazon-civilisation-lidar
The article describes "thousands of geometric patterns
built into the Earth, known as geoglyphs." Two reduced
constructions add information about the noun phrase
without using complete finite relative clauses.
Analyze the statements below.
I."Built into the Earth" can be expanded as a passive relative construction such as "that were built into the Earth".
II."Known as geoglyphs" has passive meaning and describes the designation given to the geometric patterns.
III.Both constructions place the geometric patterns in the semantic role of agents performing the actions expressed by "build and know".
It is CORRECT what is stated in:
Analyze the statements below.
I."Built into the Earth" can be expanded as a passive relative construction such as "that were built into the Earth".
II."Known as geoglyphs" has passive meaning and describes the designation given to the geometric patterns.
III.Both constructions place the geometric patterns in the semantic role of agents performing the actions expressed by "build and know".
It is CORRECT what is stated in:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
Unesc
Órgão:
InoversaSul
Prova:
Unesc - 2026 - InoversaSul - Professor de Inglês - Anos Finais |
Q4337318
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
Entrepreneurship is booming in the U.S. Gen Zers are
leading the way.
For Melanie Herbert, years of hospital treatments for a
serious medical condition fueled an early interest in how
healthcare providers communicate and address their
patients' needs.
The experience informed her decision years later to
launch Sync Labs, a health technology startup that aims
to improve care for older Americans, while she was still a
student at the University of Pennsylvania.
"I feel like it's unfortunately a very neglected space where
a lot of the technology and tools are really behind,"
Herbert, 23, told CBS News.
Although such entrepreneurship is clearly unusual for
young people, it is by no means unheard of these days.
Research from the Bank of America Institute shows that
Generation Z members are contributing
"disproportionately" to a recent surge in business
formation.
In a trend that highlights how younger Americans are helping catalyze economic growth, the number of new
business applications filed by Gen Zers jumped 66% in
June compared with a year ago. That far outpaced
applications filed by other generations, the Bank of
America Institute found.
Young Americans are helping fuel a broader jump in
applications to form businesses. According to the Federal
Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Americans filed more than
531,000 business applications in June, more than double
the 2020 figure.
Scott Issen, CEO of Future Founders, a nonprofit group
that helps nurture entrepreneurial skills, said demand for
the organization's services is surging — a shift he
attributes to a change in many young people's attitude
toward employment.
"Macroeconomically, I think there's less interest year over
year for young people to work for others," he told CBS
News. "They would prefer to be their own bosses and
create their own opportunity."
The burst in entrepreneurship among younger Americans
isn't limited to graduates of prestigious universities.
Lower-income households now account for 25% of all
new businesses getting off the ground, up from 20% in
2020, the Bank of America Institute found.
"In a lot of ways, I think entrepreneurship is
democratizing right now," said Angela Lee, co-director of
the Eugene Lang Entrepreneurship Center at Columbia
Business School. "So I'm not at all surprised to see
younger, lower-income founders start companies."
AI lowers barriers to entry
Experts attribute part of the surge in Gen Z founders to
the advent of artificial intelligence, which is helping young
people get their businesses off the ground by automating
basic tasks and reducing startup costs.
"The barriers to entry are getting much lower," Lori
Rosenkopf, a professor at the Wharton School of the
University of Pennsylvania, told CBS News. "It's pretty
easy for anyone to start building some content, making
themselves a content creator or doing a little bit of vibe
coding."
AI can also help young business founders save money.
Lee, a serial entrepreneur, said she paid roughly $15,000
for a single web developer when she started her first
company.
"Now with AI, something that would have taken an app
developer three months and $15,000, you can vibe code
over the weekend," she said.
AI is integral to Herbert's company, which uses the
technology to streamline information from health
providers' notes, staff observations, lab results and other
data. For example, Sync Labs' tech can "ambiently listen"
to staff meetings when activated, creating a fuller picture
of patient needs and offering clinically backed
recommendations from the company's generative AI
models, she said.
Herbert also said AI has been a "game changer" for daily operations at the San Francisco-based company, noting
that it helps speed up tasks and reduce expenses. "As a
startup, time is everything," she said. "We're trying to get
our product out to as many people as possible as quickly
as possible."
"There is a lot of job dislocation right now"
Today's challenging economic backdrop — and the rise
of AI — also helps explain why more young Americans
are choosing to launch their own businesses, experts
said.
"There is a lot of job dislocation right now, and younger
people are finding it hard to secure traditional
employment given our current economic conditions,"
Wharton's Rosenkopf said.
Although U.S. unemployment remains low and job growth
has been solid, research shows that recent college
graduates are struggling to find work, especially as AI
starts to automate certain functions normally reserved for
entry-level workers. A recent ZipRecruiter survey of 1,000
recruiters found that 38% of employers have shifted basic
data-processing tasks away from entry-level workers and
onto AI.
Herbert said she didn't start Sync Labs due to concerns
about the labor market, but noted that the stress of
finding a job has weighed heavily on her friends.
"Being in this generation, it's probably one of the most
talked about things," she said.
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/gen-z-business-applications-surge-ai/
The article repeatedly condenses information through
participial constructions, allowing the writer to specify
characteristics without creating a complete finite clause.
One example occurs in the discussion of business
applications.
Consider the expression.
"business applications filed by Gen Zers"
The highlighted sequence is appropriately analyzed as:
Consider the expression.
"business applications filed by Gen Zers"
The highlighted sequence is appropriately analyzed as:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
ISET
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Anguera - BA
Prova:
ISET - 2026 - Prefeitura de Anguera - BA - Professor de Língua Inglesa |
Q4333188
Inglês
Rewrite the sentence below in the passive voice and
choose the grammatically correct alternative.
The accreditation committee has reassessed the institutional evaluation criteria after the external audit.
The accreditation committee has reassessed the institutional evaluation criteria after the external audit.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
Instituto Fênix
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Guatambú - SC
Prova:
Instituto Fênix - 2026 - Prefeitura de Guatambú - SC - Profesor de Língua Estrangeira - Inglês |
Q4326250
Inglês
Read the following sentence:
“The students produced a podcast about cultural diversity.” If the teacher asks students to transform the sentence into the passive voice, the correct version is:
“The students produced a podcast about cultural diversity.” If the teacher asks students to transform the sentence into the passive voice, the correct version is:
Ano: 2026
Banca:
LEGALLE Concursos
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Silveira Martins - RS
Prova:
LEGALLE Concursos - 2026 - Prefeitura de Silveira Martins - RS - Professor de Inglês |
Q4324612
Inglês
Texto associado
Para responder à questão, leia o texto abaixo.
How Will You Get from How Things Are to How Things "Should" Be?
A lot of people get fixated on things that they think "should" happen, but fail to address substantial obstacles in the way. I may even agree with them about what I think "should" happen. But that doesn't mean that it's going to happen. If you're thinking that there is also a danger in being overly cautious or waiting to work out the perfect plan, you're right. That can become a form of procrastination. Acting on an imperfect plan is usually better than waiting until you've worked out every last detail. But at least have some kind of plan that doesn't require a miracle to happen.
The plan that works will also probably not be the plan you started with. You will have to update the plan as you proceed and the situation evolves.
A good model for this process is John Boyd's OODA decision making loop. OODA stands for Observe, Orient, Decide, Act. Actions produce responses that provide new information. New information requires reorientation and new decisions will have to be made that lead to new actions, and the loop repeats.
No big changes happened because a bunch of people sat around complaining about how things "should be."
That's like saying "l should be a millionaire." You could be, but you're going to need some kind of plan to get there that realistically acknowledges the obstacles in your way.
Many of the problems we face today took years to create.
We have inherited a big mess. A lot of things happened that "should not" have happened. Mistakes were made.
But that's life. It's going to throw all kinds of things at you that are sub-optimal. Things you didn't "deserve" or ask for. Cleaning up messes you didn't create is as normal as dealing with bad weather.
Some messes only require a dustpan.
But if you want to clean up a really big mess, you're going to need a plan.
Fonte: https://mrjackdonovan.substack.com/p/the-flow-chart
Consider the sentence of the seventh
paragraph Mistakes were made. Regarding this, why
does the author likely use the passive voice here instead
of the active voice?
Ano: 2026
Banca:
FUNDATEC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Santa Rosa - RS
Prova:
FUNDATEC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Santa Rosa - RS - Professor de Língua Estrangeira Moderna - Inglês |
Q4322456
Inglês
In the excerpt “Four Renaissance paintings of ‘extraordinary value’ have been stolen
from a museum in Sicily”, what is the correct classification and description of the underlined verb
phrase “have been stolen”?
Ano: 2026
Banca:
IGEDUC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Altos - PI
Prova:
IGEDUC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Altos - PI - Professor Língua Inglesa |
Q4279240
Inglês
Texto associado
The Hidden History of Women Game Designers
Educational games were all the rage in the early
ninteenth century. As the narrator of Sir Walter Scott's
1814 novel, Waverley, observed, "the history of England
is now reduced to a game at cards, the problems of
mathematics to puzzles and riddles." This bemusement
reflects the burgeoning industry of instructional card,
dice, and board games that sprang up in the late 1700s,
partly in response to changing attitudes towards juvenile
education outlined early on by the philosopher John
Locke a century before.
Women at the time were, of course, generally barred
from attending college and generally discouraged from
the pursuit of learning beyond acquiring the skills of a
governess. Yet the wave of enthusiasm for educational
games nevertheless created an opportunity for some
enterprising
women—despite significant structural
obstacles—to find an intellectual and creative outlet.
Standout figures in the history of game design include
Margaret Bryan, who directed a girl's school in
Blackheath in southeastern London. A writer on science
with a particular interest in astronomy, Bryan produced
the boardgame Science in Sport, or the Pleasures of
Astronomy in collaboration with the well-known game
publisher John Wallis.
This game, a variation on the staple of the Game of the
Goose (akin to Chutes and Ladders), requires players to
spin a teetotum and race their pieces along the board.
Most of the squares illustrate scientific phenomena,
explained in an accompanying rule booklet, but some
depict bad behavior, such as square six, which features
"The County Gaol...for those who attend to the motion of
Billiard Balls, more than to the motion of the Planets,"
and square twelve, which features "a blockhead." Landing on these meant losing a turn or worse, a player's
place on the board.
Learning the rules of music theory by rote could seem
tedious. But the subject itself—with its principles,
prohibitions, and occasional exceptions—lent itself to
gamification.
Other pioneering game designers include children's
author Alicia Catherine Mant, who also published an
astronomy-themed board game, while the ludic
inventions of the poet and schoolteacher Elizabeth
Rowse encompassed A Grammatical Game, in Rhyme,
by a Lady (1802) and Mythological Amusement (1804).
Perhaps the most creative arena for female game
designers, however, was music, and more specifically,
music theory. Among the middle and upper classes,
music was generally seen as a female accomplishment,
and teaching its rudiments to children was typically left to mothers, governesses, or schoolmistresses. Learning the
rules of music theory by rote could seem difficult and
tedious. But the subject itself—with its principles,
prohibitions, and occasional exceptions—lent itself
remarkably well to gamification.
The nineteenth century's best-known musical game
designer was the Edinburgh-based pianist and music
teacher Anne Young. In 1801, she received a royal
patent for a set of games intended to "render familiar and
impress upon the memory, the fundamental principles of
the science of music." The first British patent ever
granted for a game, it was also the only one awarded that
year to a female inventor, as David Ghere and Fred
Amram have discovered. Two years after the launch of
the Musical Games, Young, now the respectably married
Mrs.
Gunn, published a two-hundred-fifty page
companion treatise entitled An Introduction to Music,
which explained music theory fundamentals via
instructions for playing her Musical Games. The treatise
is organized as seven sections, each corresponding to a
different set of games, and includes a number of optional
variations, outlining twenty-two different games in total.
A handful of Young's Musical Games can be found in
libraries, museums, and private collections today. They're
luxury items: the boards were made of mahogany, while
most of the nearly two hundred parts in each
game—pins, dice, plates, and counters—were carved out
of ivory and ebony. Priced originally at seven guineas,
which was more than the annual wages of a laborer at
the time, this game set would have been affordable only
for the very wealthy.
Unlike earlier musical dice games, which were designed
to encourage composition, Musical Games aimed to
teach the rudiments of theory. Some of the games that
can be played on the set involve racing, with players
competing to move their pieces up and down various
configurations on the board. Others involve the
acquisition of points for correct answers, tallied with
delicate ivory counters. A child following the treatise's
progression of games would engage many of the
fundamentals of music theory, ranging from notation
through more advanced topics in harmony including
chord resolution and modulation.
Young's invention haunted musical journals throughout
the nineteenth century, resurfacing from time to time in
newspaper queries, sometimes from readers intrigued by
the warm endorsement it got from her husband John
Gunn, a distinguished Scottish music pedagogue who
wroteinstructional treatises. (In his writings, Gunn
protested "without having ever previously heard the name
of the ingenious and scientific Inventor, I was struck with
the merits of these Games.") Interestingly, the Musical
Games reappear nearly a century later in the essay
"Games of Music," published in 1907 in the
London-based magazine The Musical Times by Bertha
Harrison, who was very likely the anti-suffrage activist
also known as Ethel Bertha Harrison. Harrison was
interested in music history—her earlier writings in The
Musical Times had treated topics such as child prodigies
and historic concert venues—but it was only in her essay on musical games that she revealed her political
leanings.
In
what may be one of the earliest pieces of
ludomusicology, the study of music and games,
Harrison's essay surveys the role of musical games from
the eighteenth century to her present day. Although she
ostensibly examines musical games in general, most of
her article is dedicated to Young, whom she
characterizes as a woman "possessed of an uncommon
order of mind." Harrison describes Young's games as "so
clever and ingenious, so full of nice detail, that all the
music games of the present day seem poor in design and
clumsy in execution in comparison with it."
However, the crux of Harrison's argument appears in a
subsequent paragraph, where she struggles to put a
positive spin on the striking disparity in the quality of
games designed by women and men, writing that "is a
curious and interesting fact that, among musical games,
those invented by women are very complicated and
extraordinarily full of detail, while those invented by men
are, with very rare exceptions, quite simple and generally
adaptations from other games. From this we may draw
one of two conclusions: either that in this particular line
woman has more originality than man, or that when she
begins to invent, her mind becomes so engrossed with
details as to lose sight of the main issue, and, in the
words of the proverb, she cannot see the wood for the
trees."
Conceding that women might be intrinsically better at
musical game design, Harrison immediately undercuts
this notion with the claim that women are overly
concerned with details, and that is why their games tend
to be more complex. The stereotype of the detail-oriented
woman, as exemplified in this example, is a trope that, as
Naomi Schor reminds us, has informed and limited
understandings of female ability for centuries.
Harrison's critique notwithstanding, the nineteenth
century saw many impressive music educational games
invented by women. The 1851 Great Exhibition in London
featured Gioco di Euterpe, (a game whose name invokes
the Greek goddess of music) designed by Abelinde
Prince and "intended to assist beginners in the
knowledge of the relative value of musical characters,
and to render them good timeists." The editor of The
Girl's Own Book (1869) described a game developed by
an anonymous female friend, entitled "Sir Samuel
Semibreve," which taught sight-singing and could be
ordered from a music shop in Middlesex.
Across the Atlantic, Abbie T. Hays, principal of a music
school in Wichita, Kansas, filed a patent in 1895 for a
"musical game device" designed to teach notation with
pictures depicting the words spelled out by note-names
(think B-A-G or B-E-E). Later that year, Sarah W.
Featherstone, a schoolteacher in Toledo, Ohio, filed a
patent for Nota Bene, which used a spinning wheel to
teach children rhythm. And in 1897, the enterpreneurial
Evelyn Fletcher of Toronto filed both Canadian and US
patents for a Music Block Game. Her "Fletcher Music
Method" would later be endorsed by luminaries such as John Philip Sousa and Hugo Riemann, and it was highly
popular with schoolteachers. This is just a small selection
of the names and devices that pop out of the archive.
In my experience searching historical patent records, one
is more likely to come across games designed by women
than by men. Bertha Harrison seems to have gotten that
right, at least!
Today, using gamification to teach music seems like a
no-brainer. Indeed, many music videogames have
become wildly popular—think instrument-based rhythm
games like Guitar Hero. While these games generally
teach synchronization, there are also plenty of music
theory games available to try online, such as ToneGym,
Solfege Story, or Chet — Ear Training. Although these
modern creations would have been unthinkable a
hundred years ago, these games are still part of an
unusual—and unusually female—tradition.
https://daily.jstor.org/the-hidden-history-of-women-game-designers/
The article states: "The first British patent ever granted
for a game was awarded to Anne Young." A student
rewrites the sentence in the active voice while preserving
its meaning and historical focus. Mark the alternative that
presents the CORRECT active construction.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
AMEOSC
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Bandeirante - SC
Prova:
AMEOSC - 2026 - Prefeitura de Bandeirante - SC - Professor de Inglês - Edital nº 8 |
Q4248839
Inglês
Texto associado
'It's Happening': Daniel Johns Drops More Teases
After Making Shock Appearance at Silverchair
Tribute Show
Daniel Johns has been sharing cryptic messages in
recent months, and fans are only asking more questions
The iconic Australian musician has been sharing cryptic
messages in recent months, and fans are only asking
more questions on the back of his latest social media
post.
In clips shared to the Silverchair frontman's Instagram,
captioned "It's happening", it was revealed that Johns
made a surprise appearance at the soundcheck of local
band The Lizards' show earlier this year at Little Bosa in
Port Elliot, South Adelaide. The band were playing
Silverchair's debut album Frogstomp in full to celebrate
the record's 30th anniversary.
Per the video, Johns "just rocks up at soundcheck,
played with The Lizards for a bit, did a jam, and it was
just really odd", before returning later in the night for the
gig. He is believed to have shown up quietly as the show
started as "Dan didn't want to freak anyone out" and
watched from the kitchen: "Then Dan just disappeared.
Just vanished. It was so trippy, but it happened. I filmed a
bit on my phone because I knew no one would believe
me. It was crazy."
It comes after Johns posted a black-and-white Polaroid
on his Instagram in June, paired with short clips of
himself tearing through a frantic guitar piece. The
captions read: "5 Minute Warning," "Stand 'em up against
the wall," and "This concludes the intermission — see
you in 1995. #FutureNever."
The posts continue a run of unusual updates in recent
weeks, with Johns dropping hints about "time travelling"
and slipping in references to 1994.
For Johns, 1994 is more than just a throwback. It was the
year Silverchair broke through with their debut EP
Tomorrow, whose title track topped the ARIA Charts.
Back in April, on his 46th birthday, Johns reemerged on
Instagram for the first time since October 2023, writing: "I
have to go back in time to finalise something."
Silverchair celebrated the Frogstomp anniversary with a
special event in Sydney in March, though Johns was not
in attendance.
In 2023, his Silverchair bandmates Ben Gillies and Chris
Joannou teamed up to release the memoir Love & Pain,
which covered the rise of Silverchair as a burgeoning trio
from Newcastle to one of the world's biggest acts.
At the time, Johns pushed for the removal of a two-part
Australian Story documentary from ABC iView ahead of
the book's release, claiming he had not cleared the rights
to Silverchair songs being used in the programme.
"I was and remain incredibly supportive of them telling
their story," Johns wrote on Instagram.
"I was asked at the end of filming to be interviewed about
their contribution to the band and although I wished them
all the best, I respectfully declined for one reason.
"I haven't been involved in the book nor am I aware of the
contents. I've asked on many occasions to read the book
but haven't been sent a copy, consequently I was
uncomfortable being interviewed to help promote it."
Johns' last offering of new music came in 2022 with his
second studio album, FutureNever, which also hit #1 in
Australia and picked up ARIA, APRA and AIR Award
nominations.
https://au.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/daniel-johns-silverchair-fr
ogstomp-lizards-81005/
Read the excerpt below.
"He is believed to have shown up quietly as the show started [...]"
The structure "is believed to have shown up" indicates that
"He is believed to have shown up quietly as the show started [...]"
The structure "is believed to have shown up" indicates that
Ano: 2026
Banca:
Avança SP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Ubatuba - SP
Prova:
Avança SP - 2026 - Prefeitura de Ubatuba - SP - Professor da Educação Básica II - Inglês |
Q4247258
Inglês
In the passive voice, the focus shifts from who
performs the action to what receives it. To
transform an active sentence into a passive one,
the object of the active sentence becomes the
subject; the verb is formed with the appropriate
tense of the verb "to be" + the past participle of
the main verb; and the original subject (the
agent) may be introduced by "by," when
relevant. The verb tense of the active sentence
must be preserved in the passive construction.
Consider the following sentence in the active voice:
"The manager approved the new project last week."
Mark the alternative that correctly transforms the sentence above into the passive voice.
Consider the following sentence in the active voice:
"The manager approved the new project last week."
Mark the alternative that correctly transforms the sentence above into the passive voice.
Ano: 2026
Banca:
Instituto Legalle
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Fagundes Varela - RS
Prova:
Instituto Legalle - 2026 - Prefeitura de Fagundes Varela - RS - Professor de Língua Estrangeira |
Q4241027
Inglês
Texto associado
Sex Pollution
Sex pollution is a concept found in cultural
anthropology
-
specifically in the work of lrzlary Douglas.
In her book Purity and Danger, she examined
some of the different ways modern and more primitive
peoples determine what is clean and unclean.
Douglas explain ed that "dirt is essentially
disorder." When we clean something, we are "positively reordering our environment, making it conform to an idea."
When something or someone is determined to be
dirty, it has been contaminated by a thing from a different
category. Until it is cleaned or purified, it is partially out of
order.
In Douglas's words, "rituals of purity and impurity
create unity in experience." What is out of order becomes alien, dissonant, and suspect, making everyone else
uncomfortable.
Sexual pollution occurs when the sexes interact in
a way that blurs or ofÍends boundaries between males and
females, arrd disorder is created between the sexes.
In the case of men, it is usually believed that sexual
pollution weakens virility and diminishes their masculine
power.
Some readers may be familiar with the primitive
practice of constructing "menstrual huts" that separate
menstruating women from men. Tribes that engaged in
this practice viewed menstruating women as impure or
tainted in some way, and believed that their feminine
impurity could infect or pollute the masculine energy of
the tribe's men
-
ultimately weakening them and making
the tribe as a whole more vulnerable.
Menstrual huts are a simple example of a practice
dealing with the concept of sex pollution. There are a wide
variety of other ways that cultures have sought to contain
female energy to maintain an ordered separation of male
and female sexual identity.
Symbolically speaking, masculine identity always
represents the creation of distance and separation from
the feminine, the safety oÍ the nurturing mother, and a
protected womb-like existence. Virility is established and
maintained by venturing away from the world of women
and out into the wild, dangerous world of the men who
contend with danger and uncertainty at the edge of the
cultural perimeter and beyond. Establishing a masculine
identity always means establishing that men are not
women through the creation or revelation of contrast
between the sexes.
Fonte: https://www jack-donovan.com/sowilo /2024 /07 /06/beyond -theman-cave-sex-pollution and-the-retreat of-men-from-the-arts/
Analyze the following statements and mark T
(True) or F (False):
( ) In the segment found in the second paragraph, the verbal forms cleaned and purified act as past participles in a passive voice structure where the subject receives the action.
( ) In the phrase located in the third paragraph, the term making functions as a present participle that introduces a clause expressing a resultative state.
( ) In the expression from the second paragraph, the word unity serves as an adjective that modifies the noun experience according to standard English word order.
( ) In the clause appearing in the third paragraph, the word that represents a conjunction and can be substituted by the word what without affecting the syntax.
Which alternative CORRECTLY fills in the parentheses above, from top to bottom?
( ) In the segment found in the second paragraph, the verbal forms cleaned and purified act as past participles in a passive voice structure where the subject receives the action.
( ) In the phrase located in the third paragraph, the term making functions as a present participle that introduces a clause expressing a resultative state.
( ) In the expression from the second paragraph, the word unity serves as an adjective that modifies the noun experience according to standard English word order.
( ) In the clause appearing in the third paragraph, the word that represents a conjunction and can be substituted by the word what without affecting the syntax.
Which alternative CORRECTLY fills in the parentheses above, from top to bottom?
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