Questões de Concurso
Sobre vocabulário | vocabulary em inglês
Foram encontradas 3.314 questões
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
InoversaSul
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - InoversaSul - Professor de Inglês - Ensino Fundamental |
Q3147573
Inglês
Texto associado
“The High Priestess of Soul,” Nina Simone was a singer,
pianist, songwriter, and civil rights activist. Mostly known as a
jazz singer, her music blended gospel, blues, folk, pop, and
classical styles. No popular singer was more closely associated
with the Civil Rights Movement than Simone.
Nina Simone was born Eunice Kathleen Waymon on
February 21st, 1933, in Tryon, North Carolina. Her mother, Mary
Kate Irvin, was a Methodist preacher and housekeeper, and her
father, John Divine Waymon, worked as an entertainer, barber,
and dry-cleaner. The family’s home was filled with music and
Simone’s mother encouraged her musical pursuits but she did not
approve of nonreligious music like blues and jazz. Simone took
up the piano before her feet could reach the pedals, and by the
age of six, she was playing during church services.
In 2008, Rolling Stone named Simone to its list of the
100 Greatest Singers of All Time, and, in 2018, Simone was
inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame.
Internet:<womenshistory.org> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following item.
Replacing the excerpt “civil rights activist” (first sentence) with activist for the civil rights would violate natural collocation in English.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
InoversaSul
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - InoversaSul - Professor de Inglês - Ensino Fundamental |
Q3147569
Inglês
Texto associado
Internet:<phdcomics.com>
Regarding the language usage in the preceding comic strip, judge the following item.
The word “hope”, in the comic strip, is used both as an adjective and as a verb.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
InoversaSul
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - InoversaSul - Professor de Inglês - Ensino Fundamental |
Q3147568
Inglês
Texto associado
Internet:<phdcomics.com>
Regarding the language usage in the preceding comic strip, judge the following item.
The adverb “entirely” (second panel) could be successfully replaced with completely, maintaining the same meaning.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
InoversaSul
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - InoversaSul - Professor de Inglês - Ensino Fundamental |
Q3147567
Inglês
Texto associado
Global issues, global education, and transcultural learning
all take two conditions of a globalizing world as their point of
departure: (1) all social, cultural, economic, and ecological issues
are increasingly interconnected and there is no such thing as an
isolated, merely local issue; (2) globalization and hybridization
affect all cultures and cultural phenomena. There are no pure,
homogeneous, unchanging elements of culture, and this affects
the life of all individuals and social groups. Global learning takes
on a transcultural perspective and aims to enable learners to
effectively acquire a foreign or second language while
empowering them with the knowledge, skills and commitment
required by world citizens to solve global problems. Here, local
problems, challenges, and solutions are always seen as
inextricably intertwined with global issues.
Michael Meyer, Laurenz Volkmann, and Nancy Grimm.
Teaching English. Narr: Tübigen, 2022. p. 163 (adapted).
Based on the ideas presented in the previous text, judge the item that follow.
The authors have a negative perspective on globalization because it makes global problems also local problems.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
InoversaSul
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - InoversaSul - Professor de Inglês - Ensino Fundamental |
Q3147562
Inglês
Texto associado
Girls play outside in nature less than boys do, even at the
age of two, according to the first national survey of play among
preschool-age children in Britain. While researchers expect to see
older children socialised to particular gender roles, they were
shocked to see similar patterns of behaviour starting to emerge at
such a young age. They fear it could have long-term implications
for girls’ health, as girls are less physically active as they get
older and are more likely than boys to have difficulties with their
mental health.
The study also found that preschool-age children from a
minority ethnic background play less outdoors than their white
counterparts, and children in urban areas play less outdoors than
those in rural areas. “The results highlight inequalities in play
even in the youngest age group, which may exacerbate existing
inequalities in health,” the report concluded.
The research surveyed more than 1,100 parents and carers
of children aged two, three and four. They found that preschool
children spent approximately four hours a day at play, of which
one hour and 45 minutes was spent playing outdoors, mainly in
back gardens at home. Away from home, children played in
playgrounds and green spaces, with the most adventurous play
usually associated with indoor play centres.
“The popularity of these play centers is growing,” the
report said. “This may be driven by indoor play centres providing
adventurous play experiences that overcome some of the barriers
to outdoor adventurous play such as traffic, weather and safety
concerns.”
Sally Weale. Girls play outside less than boys even at two years old, UK survey reveals.
In: The Guardian. Internet:<theguardian.com> (adapted).
According to the preceding text, judge the following item.
From the research mentioned, it is possible to conclude that young age playing habits may have consequences in adult life in terms of physical and mental health.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
InoversaSul
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - InoversaSul - Professor de Inglês - Ensino Fundamental |
Q3147559
Inglês
Texto associado
Girls play outside in nature less than boys do, even at the
age of two, according to the first national survey of play among
preschool-age children in Britain. While researchers expect to see
older children socialised to particular gender roles, they were
shocked to see similar patterns of behaviour starting to emerge at
such a young age. They fear it could have long-term implications
for girls’ health, as girls are less physically active as they get
older and are more likely than boys to have difficulties with their
mental health.
The study also found that preschool-age children from a
minority ethnic background play less outdoors than their white
counterparts, and children in urban areas play less outdoors than
those in rural areas. “The results highlight inequalities in play
even in the youngest age group, which may exacerbate existing
inequalities in health,” the report concluded.
The research surveyed more than 1,100 parents and carers
of children aged two, three and four. They found that preschool
children spent approximately four hours a day at play, of which
one hour and 45 minutes was spent playing outdoors, mainly in
back gardens at home. Away from home, children played in
playgrounds and green spaces, with the most adventurous play
usually associated with indoor play centres.
“The popularity of these play centers is growing,” the
report said. “This may be driven by indoor play centres providing
adventurous play experiences that overcome some of the barriers
to outdoor adventurous play such as traffic, weather and safety
concerns.”
Sally Weale. Girls play outside less than boys even at two years old, UK survey reveals.
In: The Guardian. Internet:<theguardian.com> (adapted).
According to the preceding text, judge the following item.
In the text, the words “survey” (first sentence of the text), “study” (first sentence of the second paragraph), and “research” (first sentence of the third paragraph) were used to refer to the same thing.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
InoversaSul
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - InoversaSul - Professor de Inglês - Ensino Fundamental |
Q3147558
Inglês
Texto associado
We do not know how art began any more than we know
how language started. If we take art to mean such activities as
building temples and houses, making pictures and sculptures, or
weaving patterns, there is no people in all the world without art.
If, on the other hand, we mean by art some kind of beautiful
luxury, something to enjoy in museums and exhibitions or
something special to use as a precious decoration in the best
parlour, we must realize that this use of the word is a very recent
development. We can best understand this difference if we think
of architecture. There is scarcely any building in the world which
was not erected for a particular purpose. Those who use these
buildings as places of worship or entertainment, or as dwellings,
judge them first and foremost by standards of utility. But apart
from this, they may like or dislike the design or the proportions
of the structure, and appreciate the efforts of the good architect to
make it not only practical but right. In the past the attitude to
paintings and statues was often similar. They were not thought of
as mere works of art but as objects which had a definite function.
Similarly, we are not likely to understand the art of the
past if we are quite ignorant of the aims it had to serve. The
further we go back in history, the more definite but also the more
strange are the aims which art was supposed to serve. The same
applies if we leave towns and cities and go to the peasants or,
better still, if we travel to the peoples whose ways of life still
resemble the conditions in which our remote ancestors lived.
Among them there is no difference between building and
image-making as far as usefulness is concerned. Their huts are
there to shelter them from rain, wind and sunshine and the spirits
which produce them; images are made to protect them against
other powers which are, to them, as real as the forces of nature.
Pictures and statues, in other words, are used to work magic.
E. H. Gombrich. The story of art.
New York, Phaidon, 2024. 16th ed. p. 9-10 (adapted).
Based on the previous text, its ideas and its linguistic aspects, judge the following item.
In the fragment “which had a definite function” (last sentence of the first paragraph), the word “definite” could be replaced with clear without harming the coherence of the text.
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Avança SP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Morungaba - SP
Prova:
Avança SP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Morungaba - SP - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3143784
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text to answer question
Men fear thought as they fear nothing else on earth – more than ruin, more even than death. Thought is subversive and revolutionary, destructive and terrible; thought is merciless to privilege, established institutions, and comfortable habits; thought is anarchic and lawless, indifferent to authority, careless of the well-tried wisdom of the ages. Thought looks into the pit of hell and is not afraid.
Bertrand Russell (“Why Men Fight: A Method of Abolishing the International Duel”, pp. 178-179)
Which of the following is a synonym for "subversive" as used in the passage?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Avança SP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Morungaba - SP
Prova:
Avança SP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Morungaba - SP - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3143783
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text to answer question
Men fear thought as they fear nothing else on earth – more than ruin, more even than death. Thought is subversive and revolutionary, destructive and terrible; thought is merciless to privilege, established institutions, and comfortable habits; thought is anarchic and lawless, indifferent to authority, careless of the well-tried wisdom of the ages. Thought looks into the pit of hell and is not afraid.
Bertrand Russell (“Why Men Fight: A Method of Abolishing the International Duel”, pp. 178-179)
Which word is an antonym of "merciless" in the passage?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
Avança SP
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Morungaba - SP
Prova:
Avança SP - 2025 - Prefeitura de Morungaba - SP - Professor de Educação Básica II - Língua Inglesa |
Q3143782
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text to answer question
Men fear thought as they fear nothing else on earth – more than ruin, more even than death. Thought is subversive and revolutionary, destructive and terrible; thought is merciless to privilege, established institutions, and comfortable habits; thought is anarchic and lawless, indifferent to authority, careless of the well-tried wisdom of the ages. Thought looks into the pit of hell and is not afraid.
Bertrand Russell (“Why Men Fight: A Method of Abolishing the International Duel”, pp. 178-179)
Regarding the words careless, lawless, and merciless in the text, what does the suffix '-less' mean?
Ano: 2025
Banca:
OBJETIVA
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Galvão - SC
Prova:
OBJETIVA - 2025 - Prefeitura de Galvão - SC - Professor – Língua Inglesa |
Q3139904
Inglês
Texto associado
Who votes for the Academy Awards?
After the glitzy red-carpet arrivals, the feel-good
montages, and the host’s opening roast, the Oscars
ceremony switches to its raison d’être: revealing the
previous year’s highest achievers in cinema. One after
another, the presenters list the nominees, open a lavish
envelope, and reveal the winner in each category. The
champions breathlessly accept their awards and, over and
over, effusively thank their mothers, God, and the
academy... What is this obscure body? The academy—that
is, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences—is the
organization that votes for the Oscar winners.
The academy is an exclusive Hollywood institution
that has its own governing body, 17 separate branches, and
a thorough rule book on membership eligibility and voting
processes. Since 2016, when the board announced that it
would diversify its membership, the academy has grown to
about 8,000 members. It doesn’t publicize the names of all
those members, but each spring it releases a list of the
individuals it has invited to join its ranks.
The rest of the academy members are not listed,
but we can guess who a few are by looking at some of the
requirements to join the institution. To qualify, an individual
must work in the film industry. This means that neither
individuals who work exclusively in television nor members
of the press may join. Oscar nominees are often considered
for membership automatically, while other candidates must
be sponsored by two active members of the branch they
wish to join. Each branch also has its own specific
requirements.
Encyclopaedia Britannica. Adaptation.
“Roast”, underlined in the text, is being used figuratively. With that in mind, which item also displays figurative use of words?
Ano: 2024
Banca:
METRÓPOLE
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Ipuiúna - MG
Prova:
METRÓPOLE - 2024 - Prefeitura de Ipuiúna - MG - Professor de Inglês |
Q4412413
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text below to answer question.
Source:
https://www.gocomics.com/foxtrot/2024/05/1
2 (Accessed: Nov 28, 2024).
In the second panel, Peter talks about
“pulling all-nighters”, which means to:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
METRÓPOLE
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Ipuiúna - MG
Prova:
METRÓPOLE - 2024 - Prefeitura de Ipuiúna - MG - Professor de Inglês |
Q4412410
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text below to answer question.
Yes, that viral LinkedIn post you read was
probably AI-generated
[1] AI-generated writing is
now all over the internet. The introduction of
automated prose can sometimes change a
website’s character, like when once beloved
publications get purchased and overhauled
into AI content mills. Other times, however,
it’s harder to argue that AI really changed
anything. For example, look at LinkedIn. The
Microsoft-owned social media site for
business professionals has embraced AI, even
offering LinkedIn Premium subscribers access
to its own in-house AI writing tools that can
“rewrite” posts, profiles, and direct messages.
The initiative appears to be working: over 54
percent of longer English-language posts on
LinkedIn are likely AI-generated, according to
an analysis by the startup Originality AI.
The startup scanned a sample of 8,795 public
LinkedIn posts over 100 words long that were published from January 2018 to October 2024.
It found out that the use of AI writing tools on
LinkedIn was negligible for the first few years.
A major increase then occurred at the
beginning of 2023. At that point, Originality
found the number of likely AI-generated posts
had spiked 189 percent; it has since leveled
off.
About this topic, LinkedIn says it doesn’t track
how many posts on the site are written or
edited with AI tools. Adam Walkiewicz, the
platform’s head of feed relevance, points out
“we do have robust defenses in place to
proactively identify low-quality, and exact or
near-exact duplicate content. When we detect
such content, we take action to ensure it is
not broadly promoted. We see AI as a tool
that can help with review of a draft or to beat
the blank page problem”.
[2] Generally, LinkedIn is used for finding a
new job and keeping in touch with former
coworkers, that is, a relatively staid social
media platform. Nevertheless, in recent years,
it’s developed its own network
of influencers and is surprisingly popular with
Gen Z, including teenagers. Like everywhere
else on the internet, people on LinkedIn are
thirsty for attention, and companies have
realized there’s money to be made helping
them grow their audiences.
That is why there’s a cottage industry of AI
LinkedIn comment and post generators to
help the career-minded churn out content to
dazzle potential bosses or prospective
customers. Instead of spending four minutes
puzzling over the right tone with which to
congratulate an ex-colleague on their
promotion, it now takes four seconds to
conjure up an algorithmically generated
accolade.
[3] But writing with AI is a topic that receives
varied opinions. On the one hand, LinkedIn
users who spoke to WIRED say that they do
not rely on AI tools when trying to cobble
their LinkedIn posts together. On the other
hand, several non-native English speakers who
also spoke to WIRED say they lean on AI tools to polish their English writing and fix grammar
errors.
Besides, some people who have embraced AI
on LinkedIn have received blowback. For
instance, the entrepreneur Zack Fosdyck has
gotten mixed feedback about his use of
automated tools. According to him, some
people engaged positively, appreciating the
clarity and structure of the posts. Others,
though, were skeptical or critical, often
focusing on the fact that AI was involved
rather than the content itself. He completes
by saying “I find it fascinating how polarizing
this technology can be, especially since tools
like calculators or spellcheck, which are also
forms of assistance, are widely accepted.”
[4] From one angle, LinkedIn may have
inadvertently created the ideal laboratory for
AI writing. Nobody’s logging on expecting
profundity, hilarity, or sincerity. It’s the place
where people strive to be the most anodyne
versions of themselves, pleasant and
inoffensive. Artificiality, in other words, is
what everyone is expecting from it.
Adapted from:
https://www.wired.com/story/linkedin-aigenerated-influencers/
Published: Nov 26, 2024 – Accessed: Nov 28,
2024.
In the segment [4], the author states that
LinkedIn is “the place where people strive to
be the most anodyne versions of themselves”,
which means people are:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
METRÓPOLE
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Ipuiúna - MG
Prova:
METRÓPOLE - 2024 - Prefeitura de Ipuiúna - MG - Professor de Inglês |
Q4412404
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text below to answer question.
Source:
https://www.glasbergen.com/educationcartoons/education-technology/ (Accessed:
Nov 28, 2024).
The humor relies on:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
METRÓPOLE
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Ipuiúna - MG
Prova:
METRÓPOLE - 2024 - Prefeitura de Ipuiúna - MG - Professor de Inglês |
Q4412402
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text below to answer question.
Source:
https://www.glasbergen.com/educationcartoons/education-technology/ (Accessed:
Nov 28, 2024).
The kid adjusted a popular phrase used as
an excuse for some students when failing to do
something on time, which is:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
METRÓPOLE
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Ipuiúna - MG
Prova:
METRÓPOLE - 2024 - Prefeitura de Ipuiúna - MG - Professor de Inglês |
Q4412394
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text below to answer question.
Screen Tourism
Screen tourism is a powerful tool for attracting
visitors to destinations. The success of Harry
Potter in the U.K. and The Lord of the Rings in
New Zealand demonstrate the significant
impact that film and television productions can
have on tourism. In today’s competitive global
market, leveraging screen tourism helps destinations stand out, showcase their unique
qualities and gain a competitive edge.
However, it’s no slam-dunk. As parts of the
world grapple with excess tourism, some
destinations see the damage that a sudden or
continuous influx of tourists can wreak on
communities and the environment. Therefore,
there are pitfalls to avoid.
Across the globe, the U.K. and Ireland have
emerged as highly desirable screen tourism
destinations due to the international success of
beloved franchises. For example, Game of
Thrones played a significant role in attracting
one in every six out-of-state visitors to
Northern Ireland in 2018, contributing to
350,000 visitors and over $60 million for the
local economy.
A survey conducted by PhotoAid revealed that
Hawaii is regarded as the most desirable film
tourism destination in the U.S., thanks to the
Jurassic Park franchise. The economic boost
resulting from films like Jurassic World: Fallen
Kingdom provided a $31 million boost to
Hawaii’s economy and generated $7 million in
wages for more than 1,200 workers, according
to Budget Travel.
Seeing a place on screen can be an easy win for
a destination marketing campaign, as the
release of a film or TV show set in the region
offers a springboard for conversation. For
lesser-known destinations in particular, screen
tourism offers a global spotlight they might
otherwise never experience. Besides, if done
carefully, screen tourism has the potential to
attract year-round visitors who remain
interested in regions due to their on-screen
association.
However, despite its benefits, screen tourism
can lead to challenges such as tourism burnout.
Instances like the closure of the Thai beach
featured in the film The Beach because of the
impact on the local ecosystem, or the
“Disneyification” of the Mamma Mia location
in Greece, demonstrate the need for careful
management. While at first the small Greek
island of Skopelos was pleased to be in the spotlight, it quickly became overrun with
tourists looking for the Mamma Mia
experience, which didn’t actually reflect daily
life on the island. Even France recently
launched a campaign to pull tourists away from
its most famous destinations, citing Netflix’s
Emily in Paris and Lupin as causing an overload
in visitors.
Authenticity plays a crucial role in leveraging
screen tourism effectively. A good film will
reflect the true essence of a place, as well as
using that positive light, and destination brands
should capitalize on that. If a film or TV show is
hero-ing a location, creators should
incorporate the local character, spirit and
unique attributes, providing an authentic
representation. Genres like Nordic Noir, for
example, are great at captivating viewers
without a rose-tinted lens, portraying a place’s
true nature.
A successful story in this respect is Rye Lane.
Raine Allen-Miller, who had a personal
connection to Peckham in South London,
moved the planned location of the film from
Camden to Peckham. The film authentically
shows Peckham’s diversity, vibrancy, and
unique potential, and offers an opportunity to
reshape the perception of the area beyond its
association with Only Fools and Horses. This
goes to show that destination campaigns that
leverage screen tourism should make sure
what they share is authentic and highlight parts
of the area not seen on screen.
Film tour companies should also pay attention
to partnership opportunities. To illustrate, they
can collaborate with local restaurants and
accommodation providers to offer inclusive
trips, fostering a sense of community and
support for local businesses. Working closely
with production companies can be a crucial
aspect to develop a genuine partnership that
benefits both parties. Tourism Ireland’s
collaboration with Game of Thrones serves as a
prime example. Other areas are known for appearing in Game of Thrones – Croatia and
Malta for example – but it’s Northern Ireland
that has that official connection, because
Tourism Ireland worked hard to make a
partnership deal. They’ve also added really
unique and creative ideas to draw in the
superfans.
As have been demonstrated, screen tourism
presents both benefits and challenges for
destination brands. While the impact may be
fleeting in some cases due to the abundance of
film and television content available today,
certain productions have the potential for
enduring influence. By carefully leveraging
screen tourism, destinations can generate
global exposure, attract visitors year-round and
foster partnerships that benefit local
businesses and communities.
Adapted from: https://musebyclios.com/filmtv/screen-tourism-what-destination-brandscan-gain-our-favorite-films-and-shows/
Published: Jul 20, 2023 – Accessed: Nov 28,
2024.
In the context of the text, the sentence
“However, it’s no slam-dunk” suggests that:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto UniFil
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Guapirama - PR
Prova:
Instituto UniFil - 2024 - Prefeitura de Guapirama - PR - Professor Ensino Fundamental II - Inglês |
Q4328793
Inglês
Match the columns about phrasal verbs and their
definition then mark the alternative that contains the
correct sequence.
1. Drop in
2. Join in.
3. Plug in.
4. Fill in.
( ) Connect something to the electricity supply.
( ) Visit somebody for a short time without arranging to do this.
( ) Write the necessary information on a form.
( ) Take part in an activity that is already going on.
1. Drop in
2. Join in.
3. Plug in.
4. Fill in.
( ) Connect something to the electricity supply.
( ) Visit somebody for a short time without arranging to do this.
( ) Write the necessary information on a form.
( ) Take part in an activity that is already going on.
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto UniFil
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Guapirama - PR
Prova:
Instituto UniFil - 2024 - Prefeitura de Guapirama - PR - Professor Ensino Fundamental II - Inglês |
Q4328786
Inglês
Choose the correct alternative to fill in the gaps.
1. I get very _______ doing my job.
2. This rainy day makes me _______.
3. I’m not ________ in politics.
1. I get very _______ doing my job.
2. This rainy day makes me _______.
3. I’m not ________ in politics.
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Máxima
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Santo Antônio do Grama - MG
Prova:
Máxima - 2024 - Prefeitura de Santo Antônio do Grama - MG - Professor de Inglês |
Q4208658
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir.
For decades, it seemed that the purpose of our education system was to
encourage competition. Schools would award prizes to the most talented
student and proudly display their names on bulletin boards. Nowadays, in
many institutions, the key word has become "inclusion": no one should be left
behind. Resources are channeled into helping the east capable; everyone's
work (good or bad) is on the walls; and prize tables are heavily loaded with
awards to make sure everyone is awarded a prize for something. Which
approach is right?
Attempts to make education more inclusive are frequently criticized. Many
point out that once students leave the protective environment of the
classroom, they will face the challenges of the working world: what use will
false reassurance be then? The purpose of school must be to reveal to
people their limitations, so that they can find a vocation that suits them.
In the past, allowing the talented to rise to the top through competition would
certainly have been important. In most factories, it was useful to separate the
potential managers from the unskilled workforce, and companies relied on
finding talented individuals to win business before their competitors did. An
ethos of competition also helped countries to compete effectively with other
nations as they scrambled for territory, raced to accumulate armaments or
even traveled into space ahead of rivals.
But in the 21st century, are we really preparing young people for a world of
competition? The academic James F. Moore argues that the days when
businesses competed with each other are ending. Moore believes we should
talk of "business ecosystems" nowadays. International corporations operate
in global networks of suppliers and partners. Sometimes; even rival
corporations work together. For example: companies often have to
collaborate to define common industry standards.
What's more, hierarchies are disappearing within organizations. Modern
companies have a wider range of business functions (public relations, IT,
research and development), and so skills. Knowledge and decision-making
are spread throughout the organization. In a modern marketing department
alone, there are teams for collecting and analyzing a wealth of customer data,
designing brands, advertising, etc. Each individual contributes vital skills and
must receive equal training. Low-skilled work, by comparison, is increasingly
being performed by automated labor; that is, robots.
But it isn't just in businesses that cooperation is becoming the norm. In the
past, individuals, colleges, governments, and companies didn't have to
collaborate. Now', 'collective impact" is becoming the gold standard. For
example, an anti-obesity project called "Shape Up Somerville" managed to
significantly bring down the average BMI (body mass index) in the town in
just three years, by involving schools, colleges, local businesses, charities,
government, and local citizens in a program of collective action. Led by
academics, and funded by four agencies. The work involved designing
school lunch menus, improving walkways, introducing gym membership
packages, and running campaigns amongst the public.
Competition can still be useful. It's stimulating and can help us learn about
ourselves. But it should not become a dominant feature of education
systems. Those who do not receive investment will find it increasingly hard to
fit into the modern world. It really is learning to take part that counts.
Fonte: (Texto retirado do livro Accelerate 2 p. 56.)
Dentre as palavras presentes no texto analisado, aquela que NÃO é
cognato é:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Máxima
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Santo Antônio do Grama - MG
Prova:
Máxima - 2024 - Prefeitura de Santo Antônio do Grama - MG - Professor de Inglês |
Q4208657
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir.
For decades, it seemed that the purpose of our education system was to
encourage competition. Schools would award prizes to the most talented
student and proudly display their names on bulletin boards. Nowadays, in
many institutions, the key word has become "inclusion": no one should be left
behind. Resources are channeled into helping the east capable; everyone's
work (good or bad) is on the walls; and prize tables are heavily loaded with
awards to make sure everyone is awarded a prize for something. Which
approach is right?
Attempts to make education more inclusive are frequently criticized. Many
point out that once students leave the protective environment of the
classroom, they will face the challenges of the working world: what use will
false reassurance be then? The purpose of school must be to reveal to
people their limitations, so that they can find a vocation that suits them.
In the past, allowing the talented to rise to the top through competition would
certainly have been important. In most factories, it was useful to separate the
potential managers from the unskilled workforce, and companies relied on
finding talented individuals to win business before their competitors did. An
ethos of competition also helped countries to compete effectively with other
nations as they scrambled for territory, raced to accumulate armaments or
even traveled into space ahead of rivals.
But in the 21st century, are we really preparing young people for a world of
competition? The academic James F. Moore argues that the days when
businesses competed with each other are ending. Moore believes we should
talk of "business ecosystems" nowadays. International corporations operate
in global networks of suppliers and partners. Sometimes; even rival
corporations work together. For example: companies often have to
collaborate to define common industry standards.
What's more, hierarchies are disappearing within organizations. Modern
companies have a wider range of business functions (public relations, IT,
research and development), and so skills. Knowledge and decision-making
are spread throughout the organization. In a modern marketing department
alone, there are teams for collecting and analyzing a wealth of customer data,
designing brands, advertising, etc. Each individual contributes vital skills and
must receive equal training. Low-skilled work, by comparison, is increasingly
being performed by automated labor; that is, robots.
But it isn't just in businesses that cooperation is becoming the norm. In the
past, individuals, colleges, governments, and companies didn't have to
collaborate. Now', 'collective impact" is becoming the gold standard. For
example, an anti-obesity project called "Shape Up Somerville" managed to
significantly bring down the average BMI (body mass index) in the town in
just three years, by involving schools, colleges, local businesses, charities,
government, and local citizens in a program of collective action. Led by
academics, and funded by four agencies. The work involved designing
school lunch menus, improving walkways, introducing gym membership
packages, and running campaigns amongst the public.
Competition can still be useful. It's stimulating and can help us learn about
ourselves. But it should not become a dominant feature of education
systems. Those who do not receive investment will find it increasingly hard to
fit into the modern world. It really is learning to take part that counts.
Fonte: (Texto retirado do livro Accelerate 2 p. 56.)
A palavra "argues" pode ser substituída por diferentes termos sem perder
o sentido, EXCETO por:
"The academic James F. Moore argues that the days when businesses competed with each other are ending."
"The academic James F. Moore argues that the days when businesses competed with each other are ending."
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