Questões de Concurso Comentadas sobre vocabulário | vocabulary em inglês

Foram encontradas 2.338 questões

Q4149832 Inglês
Choose the ONLY alternative in which all the words refer to nouns in English language:
Alternativas
Q4149830 Inglês
The sentence “Tighten the screws securely” is a typical example of the imperative language and technical vocabulary found in which of the following textual genres? 
Alternativas
Q4149824 Inglês
Identify the alternative that contains ONLY true cognates:
Alternativas
Q4149823 Inglês
Which alternative CORRECTLY presents the nouns derived from the verbs "develop", "refuse", and "inform", respectively? 
Alternativas
Q4125813 Inglês

False cognates are words with similar spelling or pronunciation in two languages, but with distinct meanings in current use. Regarding false cognates between English and Portuguese, mark T for the true statements and F for the false statements:



(__)The word "actually", in English, means "in fact" or "in truth", differing from the Portuguese word "atualmente".


(__)The word "pretend", in English, means "to feign" or "to simulate", differing from the Portuguese verb "pretender".


(__)The word "parents", in English, corresponds to relatives in general, including uncles and cousins, in equivalent use to the Portuguese term "parentes".


(__)The word "college", in English, corresponds to "colégio" in the sense of a secondary school of Basic Education, in equivalent use to the Portuguese term. 



After analysis, choose the alternative that presents the correct sequence of the items above, from top to bottom: 

Alternativas
Q4117244 Inglês

Texto 7


Lesson plan:

Aims:

1. to listen for the main idea of the text and for specific information.. to guess vocabulary from context and learn new vocabulary.

3. to discuss reations to the lyrics of a song.

4. to write a letter to a penfriend.

5. to develop critical thinking skills (making inferences, analysing).

6. to foster learner independence and cooperative learning.


Green, C.; Tanner, R. Tasks for Teacher Education: a reflective approach, Harlow, UK: Addison Wesley Longman Publishing. 1998. p. 78. [Adaptado].

“To foster” in “to foster learner independence and cooperative learning” means
Alternativas
Q4116292 Inglês
(1º§)Volcanoes can impact climate change. During major explosive eruptions huge amounts__volcanic gas, aerosol droplets, and ash are injected into the stratosphere. Injected ash falls rapidly from the stratosphere -- most of it is removed within several days to weeks -- and has little impact on climate change. But volcanic gases like sulfur dioxide can cause global cooling, while volcanic carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, has the potential to promote global warming.


(2º§)The most significant climate impacts from volcanic injections into the stratosphere come from the conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid, which condenses rapidly in the stratosphere to form fine sulfate aerosols. The aerosols increase the reflection of radiation from the Sun back into space, cooling the Earth's lower atmosphere or troposphere.


(3º§)Several eruptions during the past century have caused a decline in the average temperature at the Earth's surface of up to half a degree (Fahrenheit scale) for periods of one to three years. The climactic eruption of Mount Pinatubo on June 15, 1991, was one of the largest eruptions of the twentieth century and injected a 20-million ton (metric scale) sulfur dioxide cloud into the stratosphere at an altitude of more than 20 miles. The Pinatubo cloud was the largest sulfur dioxide cloud ever observed in the stratosphere since the beginning of such observations by satellites in 1978. It caused what is believed to be the largest aerosol disturbance of the stratosphere in the twentieth century, though probably smaller than the disturbances from eruptions of Krakatau in 1883 and Tambora in 1815. Consequently, it was a standout in its climate impact and cooled the Earth's surface for three years following the eruption, by as much as 1.3 degrees F at the height of the impact.


(4º§)The large 1783-1784 Laki fissure eruption in Iceland released a staggering amount more sulfur dioxide than Pinatubo (approximately 120-million ton vs. 20). Although the two eruptions were significantly different__length and style, the added atmospheric SO2 caused regional cooling of Europe and North America by similar amounts for similar periods of time.


(5º§)Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a greenhouse gas and is the primary gas blamed for climate change. While sulfur dioxide released in contemporary volcanic eruptions has occasionally caused detectable global cooling of the lower atmosphere, the carbon dioxide released in contemporary volcanic eruptions has never caused detectable global warming of the atmosphere. In 2010, human activities were responsible for a projected 35 billion metric tons (gigatons) of CO2 emissions. All studies to date of global volcanic carbon dioxide emissions indicate that present-day subaerial and submarine volcanoes release less than a percent of the carbon dioxide released currently by human activities. While it has been proposed that intense volcanic release of carbon dioxide in the deep geologic past did cause global warming, and possibly some mass extinctions, this is a topic of scientific debate at present.


(6º§)Published scientific estimates of the global CO2 emission rate for all degassing subaerial (on land) and submarine volcanoes lie in a range from 0.13 gigaton to 0.44 gigaton per year. The 35-gigaton projected anthropogenic CO2 emission for 2010 is about 80 to 270 times larger than the respective maximum and minimum annual global volcanic CO2 emission estimates.


(7º§)There is no question that very large volcanic eruptions can inject significant amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens vented approximately 10 million tons of CO2 into the atmosphere in only 9 hours. However, it currently takes humanity only 2.5 hours to put out the same amount. While large explosive eruptions like this are rare and only occur globally every 10 years or so, humanity's emissions are ceaseless and increasing every year.


(8º§)There continues to be efforts to reduce uncertainties and improve estimates of present-day global volcanic CO2 emissions, but there is little doubt among volcanic gas scientists that the anthropogenic CO2 emissions dwarf global volcanic CO2 emissions.


(9º§)For additional information about this subject, please read the American Geophysical Union's Eos article "Volcanic Versus Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide" written__USGS scientist Terrence M. Gerlach.


https://www.usgs.gov/programs/VHP/
Choose the alternative that presents a synonym for the word "dwarf" (8º§).
Alternativas
Q4107995 Inglês
“People spend more time connected to screens than to the people sitting beside them. Technology has made communication faster, but not always deeper.” GAIMAN, Neil. Contemporary reflections on technology and communication. New York: HarperCollins, 2020.

In the sentence:


“People spend more time connected to screens...” the word “screens” refers to: 

Alternativas
Q4107993 Inglês
“People spend more time connected to screens than to the people sitting beside them. Technology has made communication faster, but not always deeper.” GAIMAN, Neil. Contemporary reflections on technology and communication. New York: HarperCollins, 2020.
In the text, the word “deeper” is closest in meaning to:
Alternativas
Q4105042 Inglês
O calado máximo de um navio, ao ser preenchido um formulário em inglês, deve ser informado no campo cujo texto é 
Alternativas
Q4105041 Inglês
Durante a preparação para a partida de um navio, o contramestre recebeu a seguinte informação:
“Requirements of the several countries vary regarding clearance of a ship”
Esta mensagem informa que as exigências dos países podem variar, em relação
Alternativas
Q4103519 Inglês
Para responder à questão, leia o texto abaixo.

Today's quick review: Marauders.

    Jeffrey Hubert (Bruce Willis), the president of a national chain of banks, comes under fire when a violent crew of robbers begins targeting his banks. Special Agent Montgomery (Christopher Meloni) of the FBI takes over the investigation f rom Sergeant tr/ims (Johnathon Schaech), a crooked Cincinnati cop. But as he dlgs deeper into the case, Montgomery learns that Hubert is involved in a much larger conspiracy.
    Marauders is an action thriller about a series oÍ bank robberies with an ulterior motive. Marauders places emphasis on its plot. The investigation takes Montgomery and his team (Adrian Grenier, Dave Bautista, and Lydia Hull) through the remains of a years-old conspiracy, uncovering puzzle after puzzle as they dig for the truth. The movie's expansive mystery, moment-to-moment thrills, and solid pacing make it fine choice for the right viewer.
    However, Marauders' main shortcoming is that it is too complicated for the type of story it is trying to tell. Instead of a streamlined investigation with one or two red herrings and a carefully prepared twist, Marauders tries to manage a sprawling conspiracy that involves numerous characters, hidden motives, and coincidences. As a result, the pieces never combine into a compelling whole, and the movie's best ideas have no room to breathe.
    Marauders is a serviceable pick for fans of the action genre. The action scenes are adequate, the mystery is interesting enough to drive the plot, and the cast does a fine job with the material they are given. Still, Marauders has a lot of missed potential when it comes to streamlinging its plot, and it faces stiff competition from other movies in the genre, making it a hard sell for more exacting viewers.
    For a bank robbery action thriller in a similar vein, try Den of Thieves, Triple 9, or Takers. For a more personal crime drama about a bank robbery, try The Town. For a bank job with a smarter plot, try Inside Man. For an action thriller with a better conspiracy, try Shooter. For a more powerful cat-and-mouse game, try Law Abiding Citizen.

Fonte: https://sleig htoffi I m.com/marauders/
In the second paragraph, Marauders is an action thriller about a series of bank robberies with an ulterior motive, the word ulterior is used to indicate that the motive is: 
Alternativas
Q4103517 Inglês
Para responder à questão, leia o texto abaixo.

Today's quick review: Marauders.

    Jeffrey Hubert (Bruce Willis), the president of a national chain of banks, comes under fire when a violent crew of robbers begins targeting his banks. Special Agent Montgomery (Christopher Meloni) of the FBI takes over the investigation f rom Sergeant tr/ims (Johnathon Schaech), a crooked Cincinnati cop. But as he dlgs deeper into the case, Montgomery learns that Hubert is involved in a much larger conspiracy.
    Marauders is an action thriller about a series oÍ bank robberies with an ulterior motive. Marauders places emphasis on its plot. The investigation takes Montgomery and his team (Adrian Grenier, Dave Bautista, and Lydia Hull) through the remains of a years-old conspiracy, uncovering puzzle after puzzle as they dig for the truth. The movie's expansive mystery, moment-to-moment thrills, and solid pacing make it fine choice for the right viewer.
    However, Marauders' main shortcoming is that it is too complicated for the type of story it is trying to tell. Instead of a streamlined investigation with one or two red herrings and a carefully prepared twist, Marauders tries to manage a sprawling conspiracy that involves numerous characters, hidden motives, and coincidences. As a result, the pieces never combine into a compelling whole, and the movie's best ideas have no room to breathe.
    Marauders is a serviceable pick for fans of the action genre. The action scenes are adequate, the mystery is interesting enough to drive the plot, and the cast does a fine job with the material they are given. Still, Marauders has a lot of missed potential when it comes to streamlinging its plot, and it faces stiff competition from other movies in the genre, making it a hard sell for more exacting viewers.
    For a bank robbery action thriller in a similar vein, try Den of Thieves, Triple 9, or Takers. For a more personal crime drama about a bank robbery, try The Town. For a bank job with a smarter plot, try Inside Man. For an action thriller with a better conspiracy, try Shooter. For a more powerful cat-and-mouse game, try Law Abiding Citizen.

Fonte: https://sleig htoffi I m.com/marauders/
Regarding the critic's evaluation of the movie lvlarauders, read the following excerpt:
The fílm is characterized as a ______ entry in the action genre, though it ultrmately suffers from a _______ narratíve structure that prevents its concepts from reaching their fu/l potential.
Fill in the blanks CORRECTLY and respectively: 
Alternativas
Q4101762 Inglês

Para responder à questão, leia o texto abaixo.

Lord of the Plants:
Death Metal Eco-Baron Rewilds Irish Estate

Randal Plunkett, the 21st Baron of Dunsany, strides out of his Irish castle in a T-shirt bearing the name of death metal band "Cannibal Corpse" in bloody lettering.

In the distance, a russet-coloured stag appears for a moment, before dissolving into the 750 acres (300 hectares) of ancestral estate Plunkett has surrendered to the wilderness -- almost half of his lands.

"I felt a sort of sense of duty towards the environment here," said Plunkett, perched on a decaying tree trunk sprouting a clutch of mushrooms.

"I'm a caretaker of this estate for this generation and the estate is not just the castle, it's also the land but it's also the environment," the aristocrat told AFP, his mane of shoulder-length hair rippling in the breeze.

Eight years ago, death metal fan Plunkett, whose family have presided over Dunsany Castle northwest of Dublin for nine centuries, began his "radical" rewilding project.

The 38-year-old vegan, an unlikely successor to ancestors depicted in sober portraits lining the walls of the grey stone castle, evicted livestock and dismissed lawnmowers to allow nature to take its course.

Now, the results are plain. The ultra-rare pine marten has been spotted. Otters and red deer thrive.

Skies are jammed with birds: buzzards, red kites, peregrine falcons, sparrowhawks, kestrels and snipes.

Plunkett says a woodpecker has been sighted in the area for the first time in a century.

Beyond the castle crenellations, the lawn is transformed into a swirling morass of 23 species of grass, fizzing with insect life.

Plunkett lends a hand here and there -- planting 2,500 trees last year was no small feat -- but mostly he is hands-off.

"As I watched it, I began to understand what the land was doing," he said after trudging across a field of knotted undergrowth in a faux leather jacket.

"It became a rewilding project," he said, as two Jack Russell terriers named Beavis and Butt-head gambol around his vegan-friendly Doc Martens boots.

Fonte: https://www.theyouthtimes.com/news-details/21284/

 In the context of the second paragraph, the word stag is used to refer to:
Alternativas
Q4101761 Inglês

Para responder à questão, leia o texto abaixo.

Lord of the Plants:
Death Metal Eco-Baron Rewilds Irish Estate

Randal Plunkett, the 21st Baron of Dunsany, strides out of his Irish castle in a T-shirt bearing the name of death metal band "Cannibal Corpse" in bloody lettering.

In the distance, a russet-coloured stag appears for a moment, before dissolving into the 750 acres (300 hectares) of ancestral estate Plunkett has surrendered to the wilderness -- almost half of his lands.

"I felt a sort of sense of duty towards the environment here," said Plunkett, perched on a decaying tree trunk sprouting a clutch of mushrooms.

"I'm a caretaker of this estate for this generation and the estate is not just the castle, it's also the land but it's also the environment," the aristocrat told AFP, his mane of shoulder-length hair rippling in the breeze.

Eight years ago, death metal fan Plunkett, whose family have presided over Dunsany Castle northwest of Dublin for nine centuries, began his "radical" rewilding project.

The 38-year-old vegan, an unlikely successor to ancestors depicted in sober portraits lining the walls of the grey stone castle, evicted livestock and dismissed lawnmowers to allow nature to take its course.

Now, the results are plain. The ultra-rare pine marten has been spotted. Otters and red deer thrive.

Skies are jammed with birds: buzzards, red kites, peregrine falcons, sparrowhawks, kestrels and snipes.

Plunkett says a woodpecker has been sighted in the area for the first time in a century.

Beyond the castle crenellations, the lawn is transformed into a swirling morass of 23 species of grass, fizzing with insect life.

Plunkett lends a hand here and there -- planting 2,500 trees last year was no small feat -- but mostly he is hands-off.

"As I watched it, I began to understand what the land was doing," he said after trudging across a field of knotted undergrowth in a faux leather jacket.

"It became a rewilding project," he said, as two Jack Russell terriers named Beavis and Butt-head gambol around his vegan-friendly Doc Martens boots.

Fonte: https://www.theyouthtimes.com/news-details/21284/

Based on the vocabulary and descriptions found throughout the text regarding Randal Plunkett's estate and lifestyle, match the columns by associating the adjectives and nouns as they are structured in the article's arguments:

Column 1:
(1) Ancestral.
(2) Knotted.
(3) Rewilding.
(4) Ultra-rare.

Column 2:
(   ) undergrowth.
(   ) project.
(   ) estate.
(   ) pine marten.

Which alternative CORRECTLY fills in the parentheses above, from top to bottom?
Alternativas
Q4101760 Inglês

Para responder à questão, leia o texto abaixo.

Lord of the Plants:
Death Metal Eco-Baron Rewilds Irish Estate

Randal Plunkett, the 21st Baron of Dunsany, strides out of his Irish castle in a T-shirt bearing the name of death metal band "Cannibal Corpse" in bloody lettering.

In the distance, a russet-coloured stag appears for a moment, before dissolving into the 750 acres (300 hectares) of ancestral estate Plunkett has surrendered to the wilderness -- almost half of his lands.

"I felt a sort of sense of duty towards the environment here," said Plunkett, perched on a decaying tree trunk sprouting a clutch of mushrooms.

"I'm a caretaker of this estate for this generation and the estate is not just the castle, it's also the land but it's also the environment," the aristocrat told AFP, his mane of shoulder-length hair rippling in the breeze.

Eight years ago, death metal fan Plunkett, whose family have presided over Dunsany Castle northwest of Dublin for nine centuries, began his "radical" rewilding project.

The 38-year-old vegan, an unlikely successor to ancestors depicted in sober portraits lining the walls of the grey stone castle, evicted livestock and dismissed lawnmowers to allow nature to take its course.

Now, the results are plain. The ultra-rare pine marten has been spotted. Otters and red deer thrive.

Skies are jammed with birds: buzzards, red kites, peregrine falcons, sparrowhawks, kestrels and snipes.

Plunkett says a woodpecker has been sighted in the area for the first time in a century.

Beyond the castle crenellations, the lawn is transformed into a swirling morass of 23 species of grass, fizzing with insect life.

Plunkett lends a hand here and there -- planting 2,500 trees last year was no small feat -- but mostly he is hands-off.

"As I watched it, I began to understand what the land was doing," he said after trudging across a field of knotted undergrowth in a faux leather jacket.

"It became a rewilding project," he said, as two Jack Russell terriers named Beavis and Butt-head gambol around his vegan-friendly Doc Martens boots.

Fonte: https://www.theyouthtimes.com/news-details/21284/

Regarding the description of Randal Plunkett's lifestyle and its relationship to his family history, read the following excerpt:


Plunkett is described as an ___________ successor to his family lineage, as his modern choices represent a  ___________      of the traditional aristocratic image maintaíned by his ancestors.


Fill in the blanks CORRECTLY and respectively:

Alternativas
Q4101756 Inglês

Para responder à questão, leia o texto abaixo.

Lord of the Plants:
Death Metal Eco-Baron Rewilds Irish Estate

Randal Plunkett, the 21st Baron of Dunsany, strides out of his Irish castle in a T-shirt bearing the name of death metal band "Cannibal Corpse" in bloody lettering.

In the distance, a russet-coloured stag appears for a moment, before dissolving into the 750 acres (300 hectares) of ancestral estate Plunkett has surrendered to the wilderness -- almost half of his lands.

"I felt a sort of sense of duty towards the environment here," said Plunkett, perched on a decaying tree trunk sprouting a clutch of mushrooms.

"I'm a caretaker of this estate for this generation and the estate is not just the castle, it's also the land but it's also the environment," the aristocrat told AFP, his mane of shoulder-length hair rippling in the breeze.

Eight years ago, death metal fan Plunkett, whose family have presided over Dunsany Castle northwest of Dublin for nine centuries, began his "radical" rewilding project.

The 38-year-old vegan, an unlikely successor to ancestors depicted in sober portraits lining the walls of the grey stone castle, evicted livestock and dismissed lawnmowers to allow nature to take its course.

Now, the results are plain. The ultra-rare pine marten has been spotted. Otters and red deer thrive.

Skies are jammed with birds: buzzards, red kites, peregrine falcons, sparrowhawks, kestrels and snipes.

Plunkett says a woodpecker has been sighted in the area for the first time in a century.

Beyond the castle crenellations, the lawn is transformed into a swirling morass of 23 species of grass, fizzing with insect life.

Plunkett lends a hand here and there -- planting 2,500 trees last year was no small feat -- but mostly he is hands-off.

"As I watched it, I began to understand what the land was doing," he said after trudging across a field of knotted undergrowth in a faux leather jacket.

"It became a rewilding project," he said, as two Jack Russell terriers named Beavis and Butt-head gambol around his vegan-friendly Doc Martens boots.

Fonte: https://www.theyouthtimes.com/news-details/21284/

According to the text, what was the primary action Randal Plunkett took to initiate his radical rewilding project?
Alternativas
Q4100908 Inglês
TEXT II

Air Traffic Controllers


        The USA's Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has launched a recruitment campaign aimed at gamers. The FAA wants them to consider becoming air traffic controllers. There is a shortage of workers in the sector, so the government hopes people skilled at gaming could fill the growing number of vacancies. The US currently needs at least 3,000 controllers. Nick Daniels, president of the National Air Traffic Controllers Association, said: “Our union welcomes innovative approaches to expanding the candidate pool, including outreach to individuals with high-level skills, such as gamers, so long as all pathways maintain the rigorous standards required of this safety-critical profession.” 

        The recruitment drive has a video with an Xbox logo on it. The tag line is explicitly aimed at gamers. It says: “You've been training for this… Become an air traffic controller. It's not a game. It's a career.” The promo adds: “You'll keep millions of people safe every year. And make a lot of money.” The enticing salary is $155,000 a year. US Transportation Secretary Sean P. Duffy said the country needs to tempt “a growing demographic of young adults who have many of the hard skills it takes to be a successful controller”. Some current controllers have said gaming could be a useful skill. They said it had "an influence on their ability to think quickly, stay focused, and manage complexity”.


Source: https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ce84rvx0e6do and https://abcnews.com/US/new-air-traffic-control-hiring-campaign-targets-gamers/stor
In the second paragraph of the text II, the terms “recruitment drive,” “promo,” and “campaign” (implied from the first paragraph) constitute a lexical chain. Regarding the expression “this safety-critical profession” used by Nick Daniels, it functions as a: 
Alternativas
Q4100901 Inglês
TEXTI


The Benefits of a New Space Race


        In October 2003 China became only the third nation to launch a human into space aboard its own rocket. Colonel Yang Liwei, China's first taikonaut, orbited the Earth for barely a day before returning, slightly shaken, to a landing in Mongolia. It was a significant technical achievement for a country that has been struggling to modernize its economy and its technology, and the Chinese government trumpeted it to its people and the world. Although Yang's flight received considerable attention around the globe, what was almost ignored is the fact that after his feet were firmly on the ground, the orbital module from his Shenzhou spacecraft continued to circle the earth, carrying several military payloads. The module is apparently equipped both with a reconnaissance camera capable of spotting objects on the ground about a yard long, and an array of antennas for intercepting radar and other signals from hundreds of miles away. Despite this, Shenzhou is not something the United States should be concerned about, but should actually encourage.

    China is pursuing a human space program for three primary reasons: international prestige, domestic pacification, and industrial policy. A human space program enhances China's status as a major power, at least within the Pacific region. It also feeds nationalist hunger among the populace, making them proud of the achievements of their country even while they realize that they live under an authoritarian and corrupt government – bread and circuses for the masses. Finally, a Chinese “white paper” about space makes clear that the Chinese anticipate numerous technological developments to flow from their space program. Building a space capability requires improvements in manufacturing, computers and materials that the Chinese hope to use in other areas of their economy. Because China is a rival to the United States, it is not in American interests to see them gain international prestige, pacify an oppressed population, or improve their technology.

         But now that China has entered the human spaceflight arena, and President Bush has proposed a new exploration plan, America's best move might be to engage the Chinese in future cooperation in human spaceflight, such as dangling the possibility of sending future missions to the International Space Station, and possibly even future competition in this realm as well. For several years the Western science press has been filled with articles about China's space ambitions. Reporters have claimed that China has bold plans for a large human spaceflight program, including everything from space stations to Moon landings. Many of these reports, however, have generated bad translations of articles originally published in Chinese, or handwaved away the laws of physics. China's space ambitions are in reality much less dramatic and the requirements to achieve some of these goals much higher than the press has implied. Although most of these stories are false, it would be in America's best interest if they are true, and a shrewd strategy to encourage China's peaceful exploration of space, with humans, is called for.

        Human spaceflight is enormously expensive, even in places where labor is cheap. Despite the slow and deliberate pace of the Chinese human spaceflight program so far, it is clear that China has spent a considerable amount of money to acquire this new capability – nearly $2 billion. In addition to developing a spacecraft and launching four previous unmanned missions, China has also built a new rocket, a new launch pad, and a large assembly building for integrating all of the equipment, as well as various other support facilities, such as a tracking station in Namibia and several tracking ships. Recovery forces such as helicopters and aircraft cost additional money. China may also demonstrate the value of spaceflight at diverting domestic attention from government oppression and corruption. But the Chinese government is going to do this anyway with other events, such as the 2008 Olympics. As for China's industrial policy, the United States long ago learned that the spin-off argument is a weak one; although developing spacecraft does produce some useful technologies, it is generally inefficient. If you want a faster computer chip, then develop one; there is no need to go to the Moon to do so. The only demonstrated payoff of human spaceflight is prestige. 


Source: Available at: http://www.thespacereview.com/article/137/1. Accessed on: April 30 , 2026. (Adapted.)
In the final paragraph, the author argues that the “spin-off argument” for space exploration is “inefficient.” Which of the following words acts as a proper antonym for “inefficient” as it is used in the text? 
Alternativas
Q4100899 Inglês
TEXTI


The Benefits of a New Space Race


        In October 2003 China became only the third nation to launch a human into space aboard its own rocket. Colonel Yang Liwei, China's first taikonaut, orbited the Earth for barely a day before returning, slightly shaken, to a landing in Mongolia. It was a significant technical achievement for a country that has been struggling to modernize its economy and its technology, and the Chinese government trumpeted it to its people and the world. Although Yang's flight received considerable attention around the globe, what was almost ignored is the fact that after his feet were firmly on the ground, the orbital module from his Shenzhou spacecraft continued to circle the earth, carrying several military payloads. The module is apparently equipped both with a reconnaissance camera capable of spotting objects on the ground about a yard long, and an array of antennas for intercepting radar and other signals from hundreds of miles away. Despite this, Shenzhou is not something the United States should be concerned about, but should actually encourage.

    China is pursuing a human space program for three primary reasons: international prestige, domestic pacification, and industrial policy. A human space program enhances China's status as a major power, at least within the Pacific region. It also feeds nationalist hunger among the populace, making them proud of the achievements of their country even while they realize that they live under an authoritarian and corrupt government – bread and circuses for the masses. Finally, a Chinese “white paper” about space makes clear that the Chinese anticipate numerous technological developments to flow from their space program. Building a space capability requires improvements in manufacturing, computers and materials that the Chinese hope to use in other areas of their economy. Because China is a rival to the United States, it is not in American interests to see them gain international prestige, pacify an oppressed population, or improve their technology.

         But now that China has entered the human spaceflight arena, and President Bush has proposed a new exploration plan, America's best move might be to engage the Chinese in future cooperation in human spaceflight, such as dangling the possibility of sending future missions to the International Space Station, and possibly even future competition in this realm as well. For several years the Western science press has been filled with articles about China's space ambitions. Reporters have claimed that China has bold plans for a large human spaceflight program, including everything from space stations to Moon landings. Many of these reports, however, have generated bad translations of articles originally published in Chinese, or handwaved away the laws of physics. China's space ambitions are in reality much less dramatic and the requirements to achieve some of these goals much higher than the press has implied. Although most of these stories are false, it would be in America's best interest if they are true, and a shrewd strategy to encourage China's peaceful exploration of space, with humans, is called for.

        Human spaceflight is enormously expensive, even in places where labor is cheap. Despite the slow and deliberate pace of the Chinese human spaceflight program so far, it is clear that China has spent a considerable amount of money to acquire this new capability – nearly $2 billion. In addition to developing a spacecraft and launching four previous unmanned missions, China has also built a new rocket, a new launch pad, and a large assembly building for integrating all of the equipment, as well as various other support facilities, such as a tracking station in Namibia and several tracking ships. Recovery forces such as helicopters and aircraft cost additional money. China may also demonstrate the value of spaceflight at diverting domestic attention from government oppression and corruption. But the Chinese government is going to do this anyway with other events, such as the 2008 Olympics. As for China's industrial policy, the United States long ago learned that the spin-off argument is a weak one; although developing spacecraft does produce some useful technologies, it is generally inefficient. If you want a faster computer chip, then develop one; there is no need to go to the Moon to do so. The only demonstrated payoff of human spaceflight is prestige. 


Source: Available at: http://www.thespacereview.com/article/137/1. Accessed on: April 30 , 2026. (Adapted.)
In the second paragraph of the text I, the author states: “It also feeds nationalist hunger among the populace...”. Considering the context of the sentence, which of the following words could replace “populace” without altering the original meaning?
Alternativas
Respostas
81: D
82: C
83: D
84: B
85: B
86: A
87: D
88: C
89: B
90: E
91: A
92: B
93: B
94: D
95: D
96: B
97: C
98: A
99: D
100: D