Questões de Concurso Sobre inglês
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Read the statements below about methods and approaches in English language teaching.
I. The Communicative Approach prioritizes meaningful interaction and the use of language for real purposes.
II. The Grammar-Translation Method focuses on oral fluency and spontaneous communication.
III. Task-Based Learning proposes the use of tasks as the central unit of planning and instruction.
It is correct what is stated in:
Analyze the statements about technology and CLIL.
I. Digital tools can support interaction, collaboration, and authentic language use.
II. CLIL proposes teaching content subjects and language in an integrated way.
III. In CLIL, language learning is secondary and does not require planning.
It is correct what is stated in:
Read the statement below.
"Reading comprehension involves not only understanding the words in a text, but also interpreting meaning based on context, purpose, and audience."
This statement indicates that reading comprehension:
Match each linguistic area (first column) to its description (second column).
First column:
1. Morphology
2. Syntax
3. Semantics
4. Pragmatics
Second column:
(_) Studies meaning in language.
(_) Analyzes how context influences meaning.
(_) Examines word formation.
(_) Investigates sentence structure.
Choose the correct sequence:
Analyze the statements below.
I. Spoken English often presents reductions and connected speech not commonly found in writing.
II. The same vowel letter in English may represent different sounds depending on the word, as in "cat", "cake", and "father".
III. Listening and speaking skills should be developed only after reading and writing.
It is correct what is stated in:
Choose the best meaning for the word "thorough" in the sentence:
“The inspector conducted a thorough review of all the safety protocols.”
In the sentence:
“The manager was taken aback by the sudden resignation of her assistant.”
The phrasal verb "taken aback" conveys the idea of:
Read the sentence:
“After months of hard work, the team finally pulled off a successful campaign.”
The expression "pulled off" means:
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
Downstream: Refining and Marketing
While refining is a complex process, the goal is straightforward: to take crude oil, which is virtually unusable in its natural state, and transform it into petroleum products used for a variety of purposes such as heating homes, fueling vehicles and making petrochemical plastics.
Wolcott, Marion Post. Barnsdall oil refinery. Kansas, 1941.
A number of processes are involved in refining depending on the wanted end product. Hydrotreating is used to remove unwanted elements, such as sulphur and nitrogen from hydrocarbons; cracking breaks molecules into smaller fragments to produce gasoline and other lighter hydrocarbons. The gases produced by cracking are used to create other products like synthetic rubber and plastics. When making gasoline, refiners need high octane numbers to prevent engine knocking. Despite knowing the dangers of lead, tetraethyl lead was added to gasoline in the United States in the 1920s in order to increase the octane. Since the U.S. government banned lead in vehicle gasoline in 1996 as part of the U.S. Clean Air Act, refineries use alkylation and reforming to develop high-octane gasoline.
(From Oil and Gas Industry: A Research Guide, Library of Congress https://guides.loc.gov/oil-and-gas-industry/downstream, accessed on February 19th, 2025)
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
Texto 2
Driven by pre-salt, oil becomes Brazil's top export
Revenues
The discovery of the pre-salt was so significant for Brazil's oil production potential that it led the government to change the regime that authorized companies to explore the submerged resources.
As a result, the pre-salt areas are governed by the sharing regime. Under this model, surplus oil production—the balance after covering costs—is divided between the company and the Brazilian government. During the auction that authorizes exploration, the company offering the highest share of profits to the federal government is granted the right to explore.
This is distinct from the concession model, which applies to the post-salt period. In this system, the risk of investment and exploration lies with the concessionaire, who becomes the owner of all the oil and gas that may be discovered. In return, the company pays royalties and special participation fees, particularly for large production fields, in addition to a signature bonus upon winning the auction.
New frontiers
With the pre-salt expected to reach its peak in the 2030s, Brazil's oil industry, led by Petrobras, is shifting its focus to new oil frontiers that are believed to hold significant production potential.
One such frontier is the so-called equatorial margin, located off Brazil's northern coast, where exploration is pending a favorable decision from the Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (Ibama), an agency under the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change.
Another promising region is the Pelotas Basin, located off Brazil's southern coast. The growing interest in this area is fueled by the discovery of oil wells in Uruguay and off the coasts of Namibia and South Africa. Experts suggest that the geological conditions in these regions are similar, as the continents were once joined tens of millions of years ago.
According to Petrobras, the company plans to invest $79 billion in exploring new oil and gas frontiers by 2029. Of this amount, 40 percent will be allocated to the South and Southeast regions, 38 percent to the equatorial margin, with the remainder directed towards other countries.
From MOURA, Bruno de Freitas. Driven by pre-salt, oil becomes Brazil's top export. Rio de Janeiro, Agência Brasil, Jan 18th,2025. Accessed on February 21st, 2025
Read the statements below:
I.The implemented sharing system consists in the company offering the government the largest percentage of oil has the right to extract.
II.Pre-salt areas are divided between companies, as well as the revenues.
III.The Brazilian government owns those companies.
IV.The risk of investment lies on the company in the concession model.
Select the correct alternative:
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
Downstream: Refining and Marketing
While refining is a complex process, the goal is straightforward: to take crude oil, which is virtually unusable in its natural state, and transform it into petroleum products used for a variety of purposes such as heating homes, fueling vehicles and making petrochemical plastics.
Wolcott, Marion Post. Barnsdall oil refinery. Kansas, 1941.
A number of processes are involved in refining depending on the wanted end product. Hydrotreating is used to remove unwanted elements, such as sulphur and nitrogen from hydrocarbons; cracking breaks molecules into smaller fragments to produce gasoline and other lighter hydrocarbons. The gases produced by cracking are used to create other products like synthetic rubber and plastics. When making gasoline, refiners need high octane numbers to prevent engine knocking. Despite knowing the dangers of lead, tetraethyl lead was added to gasoline in the United States in the 1920s in order to increase the octane. Since the U.S. government banned lead in vehicle gasoline in 1996 as part of the U.S. Clean Air Act, refineries use alkylation and reforming to develop high-octane gasoline.
(From Oil and Gas Industry: A Research Guide, Library of Congress https://guides.loc.gov/oil-and-gas-industry/downstream, accessed on February 19th, 2025)
Identify the appropriate phrasal verb, which covers the same meaning of to increase in (...) tetraethyl lead was added to gasoline in the United States in the 1920s in order to increase the octane:
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