Questões de Concurso
Sobre palavras conectivas | connective words em inglês
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The following text is reference to question.
Why strength training advice for women is mostly wrong
For years, women were told to train differently because of their hormones. New research suggests the fundamentals of building strength and muscle look remarkably similar across sexes.
For decades, women have been told they need special workout rules. Don’t lift too heavy. Train around your hormones. Change your workouts throughout the month.
The advice seemed logical. Men have substantially higher testosterone levels, a hormone that plays a major role in muscle growth. “Testosterone increases muscle mass in boys, and so you get an adult 20-year-old man and an adult 20-year-old woman, and there’s going to be differences in baseline muscle size and strength,” says Lauren Colenso-Semple, a researcher and science communicator specializing in female physiology and exercise.
___(1)___ a growing body of research suggests those differences may matter less than many people assume once training begins. A 2025 meta-analysis published in PeerJ found that women have a similar capacity for muscle growth, known as hypertrophy, as men. While men typically start with more muscle mass, women make comparable relative gains in muscle mass through resistance training.
Once people start exercising, the sex differences disappear quite quickly: “When you think about lifting weights and the magnitude of muscle size and strength that you can gain in response to training, the trajectory is very, very similar in men and women,” says Semple, a researcher and science specializing in female physiology and exercise.
___(2)___ hormones can influence how exercise feels from day to day, there is little evidence that most women need entirely different training programs to build muscle, strength, or fitness. That matters because resistance training remains one of the most powerful tools for improving cardiovascular health, preserving bone density, and supporting healthy aging.
Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com.
The following text is reference to question.
Why strength training advice for women is mostly wrong
For years, women were told to train differently because of their hormones. New research suggests the fundamentals of building strength and muscle look remarkably similar across sexes.
For decades, women have been told they need special workout rules. Don’t lift too heavy. Train around your hormones. Change your workouts throughout the month.
The advice seemed logical. Men have substantially higher testosterone levels, a hormone that plays a major role in muscle growth. “Testosterone increases muscle mass in boys, and so you get an adult 20-year-old man and an adult 20-year-old woman, and there’s going to be differences in baseline muscle size and strength,” says Lauren Colenso-Semple, a researcher and science communicator specializing in female physiology and exercise.
___(1)___ a growing body of research suggests those differences may matter less than many people assume once training begins. A 2025 meta-analysis published in PeerJ found that women have a similar capacity for muscle growth, known as hypertrophy, as men. While men typically start with more muscle mass, women make comparable relative gains in muscle mass through resistance training.
Once people start exercising, the sex differences disappear quite quickly: “When you think about lifting weights and the magnitude of muscle size and strength that you can gain in response to training, the trajectory is very, very similar in men and women,” says Semple, a researcher and science specializing in female physiology and exercise.
___(2)___ hormones can influence how exercise feels from day to day, there is little evidence that most women need entirely different training programs to build muscle, strength, or fitness. That matters because resistance training remains one of the most powerful tools for improving cardiovascular health, preserving bone density, and supporting healthy aging.
Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com.
The following text is reference to question.
Why strength training advice for women is mostly wrong
For years, women were told to train differently because of their hormones. New research suggests the fundamentals of building strength and muscle look remarkably similar across sexes.
For decades, women have been told they need special workout rules. Don’t lift too heavy. Train around your hormones. Change your workouts throughout the month.
The advice seemed logical. Men have substantially higher testosterone levels, a hormone that plays a major role in muscle growth. “Testosterone increases muscle mass in boys, and so you get an adult 20-year-old man and an adult 20-year-old woman, and there’s going to be differences in baseline muscle size and strength,” says Lauren Colenso-Semple, a researcher and science communicator specializing in female physiology and exercise.
___(1)___ a growing body of research suggests those differences may matter less than many people assume once training begins. A 2025 meta-analysis published in PeerJ found that women have a similar capacity for muscle growth, known as hypertrophy, as men. While men typically start with more muscle mass, women make comparable relative gains in muscle mass through resistance training.
Once people start exercising, the sex differences disappear quite quickly: “When you think about lifting weights and the magnitude of muscle size and strength that you can gain in response to training, the trajectory is very, very similar in men and women,” says Semple, a researcher and science specializing in female physiology and exercise.
___(2)___ hormones can influence how exercise feels from day to day, there is little evidence that most women need entirely different training programs to build muscle, strength, or fitness. That matters because resistance training remains one of the most powerful tools for improving cardiovascular health, preserving bone density, and supporting healthy aging.
Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com.
The following text is reference to question.
Thanks to the field of linguistics we know much about the development of the 5,000 plus languages in existence today. We ___(1)___ their grammar and pronunciation and ___(2)___ how their spoken and written forms ___(3)___ over time. ___(4)___, we understand the origins of the Indo-European group of languages, which includes Norwegian, Hindi and English, and can trace them back to tribes in eastern Europe in about 3000 BC.
So, we have mapped out a great deal of the history of language, but there are still areas we know little about. Experts are beginning to look to the field of evolutionary biology to ___(5)___ how the human species developed to be able to use language. So far, there are far more questions and half-theories than answers.
Available in: https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org.
The following text is reference to question.
Why strength training advice for women is mostly wrong
For years, women were told to train differently because of their hormones. New research suggests the fundamentals of building strength and muscle look remarkably similar across sexes.
For decades, women have been told they need special workout rules. Don’t lift too heavy. Train around your hormones. Change your workouts throughout the month.
The advice seemed logical. Men have substantially higher testosterone levels, a hormone that plays a major role in muscle growth. “Testosterone increases muscle mass in boys, and so you get an adult 20-year-old man and an adult 20-year-old woman, and there’s going to be differences in baseline muscle size and strength,” says Lauren Colenso-Semple, a researcher and science communicator specializing in female physiology and exercise.
___(1)___ a growing body of research suggests those differences may matter less than many people assume once training begins. A 2025 meta-analysis published in PeerJ found that women have a similar capacity for muscle growth, known as hypertrophy, as men. While men typically start with more muscle mass, women make comparable relative gains in muscle mass through resistance training.
Once people start exercising, the sex differences disappear quite quickly: “When you think about lifting weights and the magnitude of muscle size and strength that you can gain in response to training, the trajectory is very, very similar in men and women,” says Semple, a researcher and science specializing in female physiology and exercise.
___(2)___ hormones can influence how exercise feels from day to day, there is little evidence that most women need entirely different training programs to build muscle, strength, or fitness. That matters because resistance training remains one of the most powerful tools for improving cardiovascular health, preserving bone density, and supporting healthy aging.
Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com.
I- “Furthermore” is an additive linking word used to introduce an idea that reinforces or expands upon a previously stated point, and it is typically found in formal or academic registers.
II- “Nevertheless” and “however” are both adversative connectives that establish a contrast with the preceding clause or sentence; they are interchangeable in all contexts without difference in emphasis or position.
III- “Therefore” is a causal-resultative connective: it introduces a conclusion or consequence that logically follows from information already presented.
IV- “Meanwhile” belongs to the temporal category of linking words and is used to indicate that two actions or situations occur simultaneously or overlap in time.
Considering the semantic functions of linking words as classified by Halliday & Hasan (1976), mark the CORRECTalternative:
Judge the statements below as True (T) or False (F):
(__)In "From this, Dr. Horvath developed the 'epigenetic clock'", From this establishes a relationship between the preceding finding and the subsequent development.
(__)In "For instance, the liver ages faster than other organs", For instance introduces a specific example supporting the preceding general statement.
(__)In "Along with serving as a professor", Along with establishes a contrast between Dr. Horvath's academic position and his other institutional role.
(__)In "the project [...] drew on collaborators across UCLA", drew on means that the project made use of the expertise or contribution of those collaborators.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is:
Reading Comprehension
The use of media and digital technologies has transformed English language teaching and learning in Brazil. Teachers can now use videos, podcasts, digital games, social media, online dictionaries, educational platforms, and interactive applications to create more dynamic learning experiences. These resources can provide students with contact with authentic materials and different varieties of English used around the world.
However, technology itself does not guarantee effective learning. The teacher plays an important role in selecting appropriate resources and connecting them to clear learning objectives. Digital tools should be used as pedagogical resources rather than simply as entertainment. For example, a teacher may use a video to develop listening comprehension, followed by a discussion that encourages students to express their opinions in English.
Technology can also support collaboration and student autonomy. Online projects may allow students to work together, communicate with other learners, and produce multimodal texts combining words, images, sounds, and videos. In addition, students can access English-language materials outside the classroom, creating opportunities for continuous learning.
Despite these possibilities, the use of technology in Brazilian schools also presents challenges. Unequal access to devices and reliable internet connections can create educational inequalities. Teachers may also need training to integrate digital resources effectively into their pedagogical practices.
Therefore, the meaningful use of technology requires not only access to digital tools but also critical planning, teacher mediation, and consideration of students’ social and educational contexts.
Linking words are words or phrases used to connect ideas within a sentence or between sentences and paragraphs.
Choose the alternative that presents the use of a link word showing cause and effect.
The team had very little time to prepare; however, they completed the project successfully.
Reading and examination of the sentences allows one to state that they all share:
1. Whether you earn an A or get a lower grade, do your best.
2. Both John and Bill are excellent tennis players.
3.Neither the professor nor the students understood the problem.
4. I not only lost the game but also hurt my ankle. 5. Professor Jenkins is not only patient, but also stimulating.
6.Hector did not lose money at the casino but he did not win any either.
7. Barbara is as tall as Mary.
TEXT III
TEXT II
While some educators emphasize standardized assessment as a reliable way to measure academic achievement, others argue that learning should be evaluated through more holistic approaches.
(__)In Despite the fact that the evidence was incomplete, the committee proceeded, despite functions as a preposition whose complement is the noun phrase headed by fact , while the that-clause is embedded within that noun phrase.
(__)In Because the evidence was incomplete and because of the evidence was incomplete , because and because of are syntactically interchangeable causal connectors, since both can directly introduce finite clauses.
(__)In Whereas the first proposal emphasizes access, the second emphasizes efficiency, whereas functions as a preposition because it establishes a contrastive relation between two propositions.
(__)The expressions in case and in case of belong to the same syntactic category: both directly introduce finite subordinate clauses expressing precaution or contingency.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is:
Considering the connective structures used in the text, mark T, for true, and F, for false.
(__)In Before LIDAR technology was able to peek through the trees, before introduces a finite subordinate clause expressing temporal anteriority.
(__)In such as those bearing nuts or fruit, such as introduces examples of the tree species the researchers intend to investigate.
(__)In as well as to the locations of earthworks and ancient road networks, as well as contributes an additive relation to the description of variables whose relationships will be investigated.
(__)In than previously assumed, than introduces a causal subordinate clause explaining why researchers revised their interpretation of population density.
After analysis, select the alternative that presents the CORRECT sequence of the items above, from top to bottom.
"The number of new business applications filed by Gen Zers jumped 66% in June compared with a year ago. That far outpaced applications filed by other generations."
The demonstrative form "That" establishes a cohesive relationship with information presented immediately before it. What is its contextual referent?
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