Questões de Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension para Concurso - Página 88

Q3263844

Ano: 2024 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: UNICAMP Prova: VUNESP - 2024 - UNICAMP - Profissional de Pesquisa, Engenharia e Tecnologia |

Q3263844 Inglês

Texto associado

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

Cell culture experiments are widely used in biomedical research, regenerative medicine, and biotechnological production. Due to restrictions on the use of laboratory animals by animal protection laws and the strict implementation of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) formulated by William Russell and Rex Burch to improve the welfare of animals, it can be expected that the general use of cell lines will further increase during the next years to substitute animal-based research. However, it should be noted that cell culture experiments, if not properly conducted, are prone to errors. Therefore, it is essential that cell culture studies are performed with good cell culture practice (GCCP) to assure the reproducibility of in vitro experimentation.

In particular, inter- and intra-specific cross-contamination and cell misidentification, genetic drift, contamination with bacteria, fungi, yeast, viruses, or chemicals, and lack of quality control testing are widespread fatal cell culture problems that contaminate the literature with false and irreproducible results. Rough estimates suggest that the number of published papers that used problematic cell lines is about 16.1%. Moreover, the International Cell Line Authentication Committee (ICLAC) lists 576 misidentified or cross-contaminated cell lines in its latest register released in June 2021.

(Weiskirchen S, Schröder SK, Buhl EM, Weiskirchen R. A Beginner’s

Guide to Cell Culture: Practical Advice for Preventing Needless Problems.

Cells. 2023 Feb 21;12(5):682. doi: 10.3390/cells12050682.

PMID: 36899818; PMCID: PMC10000895.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10000895/. Adaptado)

De acordo com o texto, é fundamental que experimentos com culturas de células in vitro

A

aumentem sua abrangência nos próximos anos.

B

utilizem animais apenas para confirmar resultados.

C

façam parte dos 576 registros do ICLAC.

D

garantam a reprodutibilidade de resultados.

E

se concentrem na medicina regenerativa.

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Q3263843

Ano: 2024 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: UNICAMP Prova: VUNESP - 2024 - UNICAMP - Profissional de Pesquisa, Engenharia e Tecnologia |

Q3263843 Inglês

Texto associado

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

Cell culture experiments are widely used in biomedical research, regenerative medicine, and biotechnological production. Due to restrictions on the use of laboratory animals by animal protection laws and the strict implementation of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) formulated by William Russell and Rex Burch to improve the welfare of animals, it can be expected that the general use of cell lines will further increase during the next years to substitute animal-based research. However, it should be noted that cell culture experiments, if not properly conducted, are prone to errors. Therefore, it is essential that cell culture studies are performed with good cell culture practice (GCCP) to assure the reproducibility of in vitro experimentation.

In particular, inter- and intra-specific cross-contamination and cell misidentification, genetic drift, contamination with bacteria, fungi, yeast, viruses, or chemicals, and lack of quality control testing are widespread fatal cell culture problems that contaminate the literature with false and irreproducible results. Rough estimates suggest that the number of published papers that used problematic cell lines is about 16.1%. Moreover, the International Cell Line Authentication Committee (ICLAC) lists 576 misidentified or cross-contaminated cell lines in its latest register released in June 2021.

(Weiskirchen S, Schröder SK, Buhl EM, Weiskirchen R. A Beginner’s

Guide to Cell Culture: Practical Advice for Preventing Needless Problems.

Cells. 2023 Feb 21;12(5):682. doi: 10.3390/cells12050682.

PMID: 36899818; PMCID: PMC10000895.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10000895/. Adaptado)

According to the second paragraph, an example of contaminant that may be present during in vitro cell culture is:

A

misidentification.

B

yeast.

C

genetic drift.

D

problematic cell lines.

E

cross-contaminated cell lines.

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Q3263840

Ano: 2024 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: UNICAMP Prova: VUNESP - 2024 - UNICAMP - Profissional de Pesquisa, Engenharia e Tecnologia |

Q3263840 Inglês

Texto associado

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

Cell culture experiments are widely used in biomedical research, regenerative medicine, and biotechnological production. Due to restrictions on the use of laboratory animals by animal protection laws and the strict implementation of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) formulated by William Russell and Rex Burch to improve the welfare of animals, it can be expected that the general use of cell lines will further increase during the next years to substitute animal-based research. However, it should be noted that cell culture experiments, if not properly conducted, are prone to errors. Therefore, it is essential that cell culture studies are performed with good cell culture practice (GCCP) to assure the reproducibility of in vitro experimentation.

In particular, inter- and intra-specific cross-contamination and cell misidentification, genetic drift, contamination with bacteria, fungi, yeast, viruses, or chemicals, and lack of quality control testing are widespread fatal cell culture problems that contaminate the literature with false and irreproducible results. Rough estimates suggest that the number of published papers that used problematic cell lines is about 16.1%. Moreover, the International Cell Line Authentication Committee (ICLAC) lists 576 misidentified or cross-contaminated cell lines in its latest register released in June 2021.

(Weiskirchen S, Schröder SK, Buhl EM, Weiskirchen R. A Beginner’s

Guide to Cell Culture: Practical Advice for Preventing Needless Problems.

Cells. 2023 Feb 21;12(5):682. doi: 10.3390/cells12050682.

PMID: 36899818; PMCID: PMC10000895.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10000895/. Adaptado)

No trecho do primeiro parágrafo – Due to restrictions on the use of laboratory animals – a expressão em negrito introduz uma

A

causa.

B

alternativa.

C

consequência.

D

comparação.

E

exclusão.

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Q3263839

Ano: 2024 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: UNICAMP Prova: VUNESP - 2024 - UNICAMP - Profissional de Pesquisa, Engenharia e Tecnologia |

Q3263839 Inglês

Texto associado

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

Cell culture experiments are widely used in biomedical research, regenerative medicine, and biotechnological production. Due to restrictions on the use of laboratory animals by animal protection laws and the strict implementation of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) formulated by William Russell and Rex Burch to improve the welfare of animals, it can be expected that the general use of cell lines will further increase during the next years to substitute animal-based research. However, it should be noted that cell culture experiments, if not properly conducted, are prone to errors. Therefore, it is essential that cell culture studies are performed with good cell culture practice (GCCP) to assure the reproducibility of in vitro experimentation.

In particular, inter- and intra-specific cross-contamination and cell misidentification, genetic drift, contamination with bacteria, fungi, yeast, viruses, or chemicals, and lack of quality control testing are widespread fatal cell culture problems that contaminate the literature with false and irreproducible results. Rough estimates suggest that the number of published papers that used problematic cell lines is about 16.1%. Moreover, the International Cell Line Authentication Committee (ICLAC) lists 576 misidentified or cross-contaminated cell lines in its latest register released in June 2021.

(Weiskirchen S, Schröder SK, Buhl EM, Weiskirchen R. A Beginner’s

Guide to Cell Culture: Practical Advice for Preventing Needless Problems.

Cells. 2023 Feb 21;12(5):682. doi: 10.3390/cells12050682.

PMID: 36899818; PMCID: PMC10000895.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10000895/. Adaptado)

According to what is stated in the first paragraph, William Russel and Rex Burch aimed at improving

A

animal-based research.

B

animal well-being.

C

flexible animal protection laws.

D

cell culture practice.

E

reproducibility of in vivo experiments.

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Q3263838

Ano: 2024 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: UNICAMP Prova: VUNESP - 2024 - UNICAMP - Profissional de Pesquisa, Engenharia e Tecnologia |

Q3263838 Inglês

Texto associado

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

Cell culture experiments are widely used in biomedical research, regenerative medicine, and biotechnological production. Due to restrictions on the use of laboratory animals by animal protection laws and the strict implementation of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) formulated by William Russell and Rex Burch to improve the welfare of animals, it can be expected that the general use of cell lines will further increase during the next years to substitute animal-based research. However, it should be noted that cell culture experiments, if not properly conducted, are prone to errors. Therefore, it is essential that cell culture studies are performed with good cell culture practice (GCCP) to assure the reproducibility of in vitro experimentation.

In particular, inter- and intra-specific cross-contamination and cell misidentification, genetic drift, contamination with bacteria, fungi, yeast, viruses, or chemicals, and lack of quality control testing are widespread fatal cell culture problems that contaminate the literature with false and irreproducible results. Rough estimates suggest that the number of published papers that used problematic cell lines is about 16.1%. Moreover, the International Cell Line Authentication Committee (ICLAC) lists 576 misidentified or cross-contaminated cell lines in its latest register released in June 2021.

(Weiskirchen S, Schröder SK, Buhl EM, Weiskirchen R. A Beginner’s

Guide to Cell Culture: Practical Advice for Preventing Needless Problems.

Cells. 2023 Feb 21;12(5):682. doi: 10.3390/cells12050682.

PMID: 36899818; PMCID: PMC10000895.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10000895/. Adaptado)

The text is mainly about

A

reproducibility of both in vitro and in vivo experiments.

B

advantages of animal-based experiments used in research.

C

cross-contamination that occurs with animal-based cells in vivo.

D

issues that may arise in cell culture experiments.

E

lack of specific guidelines in laboratories.

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Q3258940

Ano: 2024 Banca: FEPESE Órgão: Prefeitura de Pinhalzinho - SC Prova: FEPESE - 2024 - Prefeitura de Pinhalzinho - SC - Professor de Inglês |

Q3258940 Inglês

Texto associado

Autism Teaching Methods: Applied

Behavior Analysis and Verbal Behavior

Applied Behavior Analysis, or ABA, is a method of teaching children with autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders. It is based on the premise that appropriate behavior – including speech, academics and life skills – can be taught using scientific principles.

ABA assumes that children are more likely to repeat behaviors or responses that are rewarded (or “reinforced”), and they are less likely to continue behaviors that are not rewarded. Eventually, the reinforcement is reduced so that the child can learn without constant rewards.

Research shows that ABA works for kids with autism. “Thirty years of research demonstrated the efficacy of applied behavioral methods in reducing inappropriate behavior and in increasing communication, learning, and appropriate social behavior,” according to a U.S. Surgeon General’s Report.

The most well-known form of ABA is discrete trial training (DTT). Skills are broken down into the smallest tasks and taught individually. Discrete, or separate, trials may be used to teach eye contact, imitation, fine motor skills, self-help, academics, language and conversation. Students start with learning small skills, and gradually learn more complicated skills as each smaller one is mastered. […]

Source adapted from:

www.teaching-methods-childrens-with-autism

Based on Text 2, what does the acronym DTT stand for? Which alternative answers the question correctly?

A

Detached trial taught.

B

Discrete trial training.

C

Distinct teaching trial.

D

Disjoined teaching tasks.

E

Disconnected taught teaching.

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Q3258939

Ano: 2024 Banca: FEPESE Órgão: Prefeitura de Pinhalzinho - SC Prova: FEPESE - 2024 - Prefeitura de Pinhalzinho - SC - Professor de Inglês |

Q3258939 Inglês

Texto associado

Autism Teaching Methods: Applied

Behavior Analysis and Verbal Behavior

Applied Behavior Analysis, or ABA, is a method of teaching children with autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders. It is based on the premise that appropriate behavior – including speech, academics and life skills – can be taught using scientific principles.

ABA assumes that children are more likely to repeat behaviors or responses that are rewarded (or “reinforced”), and they are less likely to continue behaviors that are not rewarded. Eventually, the reinforcement is reduced so that the child can learn without constant rewards.

Research shows that ABA works for kids with autism. “Thirty years of research demonstrated the efficacy of applied behavioral methods in reducing inappropriate behavior and in increasing communication, learning, and appropriate social behavior,” according to a U.S. Surgeon General’s Report.

The most well-known form of ABA is discrete trial training (DTT). Skills are broken down into the smallest tasks and taught individually. Discrete, or separate, trials may be used to teach eye contact, imitation, fine motor skills, self-help, academics, language and conversation. Students start with learning small skills, and gradually learn more complicated skills as each smaller one is mastered. […]

Source adapted from:

www.teaching-methods-childrens-with-autism

Based in Text 2, what the Applied Behavior Analysis method consists on?

A

It is a method of teaching children with autism and PDD based on rewarding or reinforcing.

B

It is a behavioral method that claims for reducing reinforcements to children with autism.

C

It consists on reducing appropriate behavior and increase oral communication to teach children with autism.

D

It consists on a method of teaching children with autism and PDD where skills are tasks taught in small groups.

E

It is a well-known strategy of teaching children with autism and PDD that applies constant rewards.

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Q3258846

Q3258846 Inglês

Texto associado

Text I

Shock of the old: Believe it or not, battery-powered vehicles

have been around since Victorian times.

The history of the electric car is surprisingly enraging. If you imagine early electric vehicles at all (full disclosure: I didn’t until recently), it will probably be as the quixotic and possibly dangerous dream of a few eccentrics, maybe in the 1920s or 1930s, when domestic electrification became widespread. It’s easy to imagine some stiff-collared proto-Musk getting bored of hunting and affairs, eyeing his newly installed electric lights speculatively, then wreaking untold havoc and mass electrocutions. The reality is entirely different.

By 1900, a third of all cars on the road in the US were electric; we’re looking at the history of a cruelly missed opportunity, and it started astonishingly early. The Scottish engineer Robert Anderson had a go at an electric car of sorts way back in the 1830s, though his invention was somewhat stymied by the fact rechargeable batteries were not invented until 1859, making his crude carriage something of a one-trick pony (and far less useful than an actual pony).

It’s debatable whether or not Scotland was ready for this brave new world anyway: in 1842, Robert Davidson (another Scot, who had, a few years earlier, also tried his hand at an electric vehicle) saw his electric locomotive Galvani “broken by some malicious hands almost beyond repair” in Perth. The contemporary consensus was that it was attacked by railway workers fearful for their jobs.

Despite this unpromising start, electric vehicles had entered widespread commercial circulation by the start of the 20th century, particularly in the US. Electric cabs crisscrossed Manhattan, 1897’s bestselling US car was electric and, when he was shot in 1901, President McKinley was taken to hospital in an electric ambulance. London had Walter Bersey’s electric taxis, and Berlin’s fire engines went electric in 1908; the future looked bright, clean and silent.

By the 1930s, however, the tide had definitively turned against electric, cursed by range limitations and impractical charging times while petrol gained the upper hand thanks partly – and ironically – to the electric starter motor. The Horseless Age magazine, which vehemently backed the petrol non-horse, would have been delighted. There was a brief resurgence of interest in the late 1960s, when the US Congress passed a bill promoting electrical vehicle development, but nothing much actually happened until the Nissan Leaf sparked interest in 2009. Electric still isn’t quite there yet, battling infrastructure and battery problems that might have been familiar to Anderson and friends.

Adapted from The Guardian, Tuesday 24 October 2023, p. 6 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/series/shock-of-the-old/2023/oct/24/all

The idiom in “the tide had definitively turned” (5th paragraph) implies that the course of events had:

A

shifted.

B

stopped.

C

hastened.

D

increased.

E

persevered.

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Q3258843

Q3258843 Inglês

Texto associado

Text I

Shock of the old: Believe it or not, battery-powered vehicles

have been around since Victorian times.

The history of the electric car is surprisingly enraging. If you imagine early electric vehicles at all (full disclosure: I didn’t until recently), it will probably be as the quixotic and possibly dangerous dream of a few eccentrics, maybe in the 1920s or 1930s, when domestic electrification became widespread. It’s easy to imagine some stiff-collared proto-Musk getting bored of hunting and affairs, eyeing his newly installed electric lights speculatively, then wreaking untold havoc and mass electrocutions. The reality is entirely different.

By 1900, a third of all cars on the road in the US were electric; we’re looking at the history of a cruelly missed opportunity, and it started astonishingly early. The Scottish engineer Robert Anderson had a go at an electric car of sorts way back in the 1830s, though his invention was somewhat stymied by the fact rechargeable batteries were not invented until 1859, making his crude carriage something of a one-trick pony (and far less useful than an actual pony).

It’s debatable whether or not Scotland was ready for this brave new world anyway: in 1842, Robert Davidson (another Scot, who had, a few years earlier, also tried his hand at an electric vehicle) saw his electric locomotive Galvani “broken by some malicious hands almost beyond repair” in Perth. The contemporary consensus was that it was attacked by railway workers fearful for their jobs.

Despite this unpromising start, electric vehicles had entered widespread commercial circulation by the start of the 20th century, particularly in the US. Electric cabs crisscrossed Manhattan, 1897’s bestselling US car was electric and, when he was shot in 1901, President McKinley was taken to hospital in an electric ambulance. London had Walter Bersey’s electric taxis, and Berlin’s fire engines went electric in 1908; the future looked bright, clean and silent.

By the 1930s, however, the tide had definitively turned against electric, cursed by range limitations and impractical charging times while petrol gained the upper hand thanks partly – and ironically – to the electric starter motor. The Horseless Age magazine, which vehemently backed the petrol non-horse, would have been delighted. There was a brief resurgence of interest in the late 1960s, when the US Congress passed a bill promoting electrical vehicle development, but nothing much actually happened until the Nissan Leaf sparked interest in 2009. Electric still isn’t quite there yet, battling infrastructure and battery problems that might have been familiar to Anderson and friends.

Adapted from The Guardian, Tuesday 24 October 2023, p. 6 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/series/shock-of-the-old/2023/oct/24/all

The last sentence indicates that some hurdles remain to be:

A

raised.

B

handled.

C

loosened.

D

contrived.

E

overlooked.

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Q3258842

Q3258842 Inglês

Texto associado

Text I

Shock of the old: Believe it or not, battery-powered vehicles

have been around since Victorian times.

The history of the electric car is surprisingly enraging. If you imagine early electric vehicles at all (full disclosure: I didn’t until recently), it will probably be as the quixotic and possibly dangerous dream of a few eccentrics, maybe in the 1920s or 1930s, when domestic electrification became widespread. It’s easy to imagine some stiff-collared proto-Musk getting bored of hunting and affairs, eyeing his newly installed electric lights speculatively, then wreaking untold havoc and mass electrocutions. The reality is entirely different.

By 1900, a third of all cars on the road in the US were electric; we’re looking at the history of a cruelly missed opportunity, and it started astonishingly early. The Scottish engineer Robert Anderson had a go at an electric car of sorts way back in the 1830s, though his invention was somewhat stymied by the fact rechargeable batteries were not invented until 1859, making his crude carriage something of a one-trick pony (and far less useful than an actual pony).

It’s debatable whether or not Scotland was ready for this brave new world anyway: in 1842, Robert Davidson (another Scot, who had, a few years earlier, also tried his hand at an electric vehicle) saw his electric locomotive Galvani “broken by some malicious hands almost beyond repair” in Perth. The contemporary consensus was that it was attacked by railway workers fearful for their jobs.

Despite this unpromising start, electric vehicles had entered widespread commercial circulation by the start of the 20th century, particularly in the US. Electric cabs crisscrossed Manhattan, 1897’s bestselling US car was electric and, when he was shot in 1901, President McKinley was taken to hospital in an electric ambulance. London had Walter Bersey’s electric taxis, and Berlin’s fire engines went electric in 1908; the future looked bright, clean and silent.

By the 1930s, however, the tide had definitively turned against electric, cursed by range limitations and impractical charging times while petrol gained the upper hand thanks partly – and ironically – to the electric starter motor. The Horseless Age magazine, which vehemently backed the petrol non-horse, would have been delighted. There was a brief resurgence of interest in the late 1960s, when the US Congress passed a bill promoting electrical vehicle development, but nothing much actually happened until the Nissan Leaf sparked interest in 2009. Electric still isn’t quite there yet, battling infrastructure and battery problems that might have been familiar to Anderson and friends.

Adapted from The Guardian, Tuesday 24 October 2023, p. 6 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/series/shock-of-the-old/2023/oct/24/all

The author’s account discloses an evolution that can be understood as being:

A

reckless.

B

smooth.

C

straight.

D

erratic.

E

sloppy.

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Q3258841

Q3258841 Inglês

Texto associado

Text I

Shock of the old: Believe it or not, battery-powered vehicles

have been around since Victorian times.

The history of the electric car is surprisingly enraging. If you imagine early electric vehicles at all (full disclosure: I didn’t until recently), it will probably be as the quixotic and possibly dangerous dream of a few eccentrics, maybe in the 1920s or 1930s, when domestic electrification became widespread. It’s easy to imagine some stiff-collared proto-Musk getting bored of hunting and affairs, eyeing his newly installed electric lights speculatively, then wreaking untold havoc and mass electrocutions. The reality is entirely different.

By 1900, a third of all cars on the road in the US were electric; we’re looking at the history of a cruelly missed opportunity, and it started astonishingly early. The Scottish engineer Robert Anderson had a go at an electric car of sorts way back in the 1830s, though his invention was somewhat stymied by the fact rechargeable batteries were not invented until 1859, making his crude carriage something of a one-trick pony (and far less useful than an actual pony).

It’s debatable whether or not Scotland was ready for this brave new world anyway: in 1842, Robert Davidson (another Scot, who had, a few years earlier, also tried his hand at an electric vehicle) saw his electric locomotive Galvani “broken by some malicious hands almost beyond repair” in Perth. The contemporary consensus was that it was attacked by railway workers fearful for their jobs.

Despite this unpromising start, electric vehicles had entered widespread commercial circulation by the start of the 20th century, particularly in the US. Electric cabs crisscrossed Manhattan, 1897’s bestselling US car was electric and, when he was shot in 1901, President McKinley was taken to hospital in an electric ambulance. London had Walter Bersey’s electric taxis, and Berlin’s fire engines went electric in 1908; the future looked bright, clean and silent.

By the 1930s, however, the tide had definitively turned against electric, cursed by range limitations and impractical charging times while petrol gained the upper hand thanks partly – and ironically – to the electric starter motor. The Horseless Age magazine, which vehemently backed the petrol non-horse, would have been delighted. There was a brief resurgence of interest in the late 1960s, when the US Congress passed a bill promoting electrical vehicle development, but nothing much actually happened until the Nissan Leaf sparked interest in 2009. Electric still isn’t quite there yet, battling infrastructure and battery problems that might have been familiar to Anderson and friends.

Adapted from The Guardian, Tuesday 24 October 2023, p. 6 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/series/shock-of-the-old/2023/oct/24/all

At the dawn of the 20th century in the United States of America, the use of electricity-powered vehicles seemed to be:

A

stalling.

B

abating.

C

dragging.

D

slumping.

E

blossoming.

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Q3258840

Q3258840 Inglês

Texto associado

Text I

Shock of the old: Believe it or not, battery-powered vehicles

have been around since Victorian times.

The history of the electric car is surprisingly enraging. If you imagine early electric vehicles at all (full disclosure: I didn’t until recently), it will probably be as the quixotic and possibly dangerous dream of a few eccentrics, maybe in the 1920s or 1930s, when domestic electrification became widespread. It’s easy to imagine some stiff-collared proto-Musk getting bored of hunting and affairs, eyeing his newly installed electric lights speculatively, then wreaking untold havoc and mass electrocutions. The reality is entirely different.

By 1900, a third of all cars on the road in the US were electric; we’re looking at the history of a cruelly missed opportunity, and it started astonishingly early. The Scottish engineer Robert Anderson had a go at an electric car of sorts way back in the 1830s, though his invention was somewhat stymied by the fact rechargeable batteries were not invented until 1859, making his crude carriage something of a one-trick pony (and far less useful than an actual pony).

It’s debatable whether or not Scotland was ready for this brave new world anyway: in 1842, Robert Davidson (another Scot, who had, a few years earlier, also tried his hand at an electric vehicle) saw his electric locomotive Galvani “broken by some malicious hands almost beyond repair” in Perth. The contemporary consensus was that it was attacked by railway workers fearful for their jobs.

Despite this unpromising start, electric vehicles had entered widespread commercial circulation by the start of the 20th century, particularly in the US. Electric cabs crisscrossed Manhattan, 1897’s bestselling US car was electric and, when he was shot in 1901, President McKinley was taken to hospital in an electric ambulance. London had Walter Bersey’s electric taxis, and Berlin’s fire engines went electric in 1908; the future looked bright, clean and silent.

By the 1930s, however, the tide had definitively turned against electric, cursed by range limitations and impractical charging times while petrol gained the upper hand thanks partly – and ironically – to the electric starter motor. The Horseless Age magazine, which vehemently backed the petrol non-horse, would have been delighted. There was a brief resurgence of interest in the late 1960s, when the US Congress passed a bill promoting electrical vehicle development, but nothing much actually happened until the Nissan Leaf sparked interest in 2009. Electric still isn’t quite there yet, battling infrastructure and battery problems that might have been familiar to Anderson and friends.

Adapted from The Guardian, Tuesday 24 October 2023, p. 6 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/series/shock-of-the-old/2023/oct/24/all

Based on the text, mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).

( ) The history of electric cars has been fraught with flawed assumptions.

( ) Robert Anderson’s invention in the 1830s was triggered off by the launching of rechargeable batteries.

( ) The 19th century Scottish locomotive engineer is said to have quashed social resistance.

The statements are, respectively,

A

F – T – F.

B

T – T – F.

C

F – F – T.

D

T – F – F.

E

F – T – T.

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Q3246737

Ano: 2024 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: UNICAMP Prova: VUNESP - 2024 - UNICAMP - Produtor de Eventos Culturais - Produção Teatral |

Q3246737 Inglês

Texto associado

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

What does a Theatrical Company Manager do?

It’s difficult to pin down exactly what a theatrical company manager does simply because they do so much: negotiate contracts, organize payroll, pay for purchases of outside materials, organize rehearsals, arrange transportation and lodging for cast and crew, assist the director, and – of course – handle emergencies inside and outside of the theater. Crucially, company managers also act as the link between the general manager – their boss – and the rest of the company. A generalized problem solver with a focus on human resources and logistics, the company manager’s work is never over, and rarely the same from day to day.

Expected Professional Education

The company manager is one of the highest-ranking professionals in any theater company or production, responsible for overseeing almost all logistical and administrative processes. While a company manager could possibly do well with no more than a bachelor’s degree, most theater companies prefer a master’s degree in theater management, business management, or arts administration.

Many company managers get started as stage managers, working directly with the director, actors, and designers in rehearsal and calling the show. Over time, they may move gradually towards the broader logistical duties of a company manager, perhaps progressing first to become the head of operations or audience services. As this is a high-ranking position, most company managers advance by seeking longterm positions with prestigious and well-funded companies. They can also progress to become general managers, or even choose to become production managers.

(https://www.berklee.edu. Adaptado)

The subtitle which best summarizes the content of the third paragraph is:

A

Starting in the profession.

B

Looking for a prestigious position.

C

Building a career trajectory.

D

Accepting new duties.

E

Finding success.

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Q3246736

Ano: 2024 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: UNICAMP Prova: VUNESP - 2024 - UNICAMP - Produtor de Eventos Culturais - Produção Teatral |

Q3246736 Inglês

Texto associado

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

What does a Theatrical Company Manager do?

It’s difficult to pin down exactly what a theatrical company manager does simply because they do so much: negotiate contracts, organize payroll, pay for purchases of outside materials, organize rehearsals, arrange transportation and lodging for cast and crew, assist the director, and – of course – handle emergencies inside and outside of the theater. Crucially, company managers also act as the link between the general manager – their boss – and the rest of the company. A generalized problem solver with a focus on human resources and logistics, the company manager’s work is never over, and rarely the same from day to day.

Expected Professional Education

The company manager is one of the highest-ranking professionals in any theater company or production, responsible for overseeing almost all logistical and administrative processes. While a company manager could possibly do well with no more than a bachelor’s degree, most theater companies prefer a master’s degree in theater management, business management, or arts administration.

Many company managers get started as stage managers, working directly with the director, actors, and designers in rehearsal and calling the show. Over time, they may move gradually towards the broader logistical duties of a company manager, perhaps progressing first to become the head of operations or audience services. As this is a high-ranking position, most company managers advance by seeking longterm positions with prestigious and well-funded companies. They can also progress to become general managers, or even choose to become production managers.

(https://www.berklee.edu. Adaptado)

No trecho do segundo parágrafo: “While a company manager could possibly do well with no more than a bachelor’s degree...”, a palavra em negrito introduz

A

um contraste.

B

uma relação de tempo.

C

um resultado.

D

uma exemplificação.

E

uma condição.

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Compare seu desempenho com quem faz o mesmo concurso. Ver concorrência

Q3246735

Ano: 2024 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: UNICAMP Prova: VUNESP - 2024 - UNICAMP - Produtor de Eventos Culturais - Produção Teatral |

Q3246735 Inglês

Texto associado

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

What does a Theatrical Company Manager do?

It’s difficult to pin down exactly what a theatrical company manager does simply because they do so much: negotiate contracts, organize payroll, pay for purchases of outside materials, organize rehearsals, arrange transportation and lodging for cast and crew, assist the director, and – of course – handle emergencies inside and outside of the theater. Crucially, company managers also act as the link between the general manager – their boss – and the rest of the company. A generalized problem solver with a focus on human resources and logistics, the company manager’s work is never over, and rarely the same from day to day.

Expected Professional Education

The company manager is one of the highest-ranking professionals in any theater company or production, responsible for overseeing almost all logistical and administrative processes. While a company manager could possibly do well with no more than a bachelor’s degree, most theater companies prefer a master’s degree in theater management, business management, or arts administration.

Many company managers get started as stage managers, working directly with the director, actors, and designers in rehearsal and calling the show. Over time, they may move gradually towards the broader logistical duties of a company manager, perhaps progressing first to become the head of operations or audience services. As this is a high-ranking position, most company managers advance by seeking longterm positions with prestigious and well-funded companies. They can also progress to become general managers, or even choose to become production managers.

(https://www.berklee.edu. Adaptado)

In the fragment from the first paragraph “and – of course – handle emergencies inside and outside of the theater”, the word in bold means

A

figure out.

B

carry out.

C

search for.

D

compensate for.

E

deal with.

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Esse acerto está no seu Resumão. Ver Resumão da semana

Q3246734

Ano: 2024 Banca: VUNESP Órgão: UNICAMP Prova: VUNESP - 2024 - UNICAMP - Produtor de Eventos Culturais - Produção Teatral |

Q3246734 Inglês

Texto associado

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

What does a Theatrical Company Manager do?

It’s difficult to pin down exactly what a theatrical company manager does simply because they do so much: negotiate contracts, organize payroll, pay for purchases of outside materials, organize rehearsals, arrange transportation and lodging for cast and crew, assist the director, and – of course – handle emergencies inside and outside of the theater. Crucially, company managers also act as the link between the general manager – their boss – and the rest of the company. A generalized problem solver with a focus on human resources and logistics, the company manager’s work is never over, and rarely the same from day to day.

Expected Professional Education

The company manager is one of the highest-ranking professionals in any theater company or production, responsible for overseeing almost all logistical and administrative processes. While a company manager could possibly do well with no more than a bachelor’s degree, most theater companies prefer a master’s degree in theater management, business management, or arts administration.

Many company managers get started as stage managers, working directly with the director, actors, and designers in rehearsal and calling the show. Over time, they may move gradually towards the broader logistical duties of a company manager, perhaps progressing first to become the head of operations or audience services. As this is a high-ranking position, most company managers advance by seeking longterm positions with prestigious and well-funded companies. They can also progress to become general managers, or even choose to become production managers.

(https://www.berklee.edu. Adaptado)

According to the first paragraph, the responsibilities of theatrical company managers

A

very often exceed what they would humanly be able to do.

B

include managing private and personal problems of actors and crew.

C

tend to be restricted to what happens within the company.

D

embrace a comprehensive and endless number of tasks.

E

involve complex rather than simple or more immediate needs.

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Veja como esse erro impacta seu desempenho geral. Ver estatísticas

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Esse acerto melhora seu desempenho! Veja suas estatísticas

Q3237486

Ano: 2024 Banca: CPCON Órgão: Prefeitura de Barra de Santana - PB Prova: CPCON - 2024 - Prefeitura de Barra de Santana - PB - Professor B - Inglês |

Q3237486 Inglês

Read with attention the sentence "John always gripes about the traffic during his commute to work.". Which of the following sentences uses a correct synonym for the verb "gripes" as used in the previous sentence?

A

John always celebrates the fact that he hasto deal with traffic during his commute to work.

B

John always groans about the traffic during his commute to work.

C

John always ponders the reasons behind the heavy traffic during his commute towork.

D

John always admires how busy the roads are during his commute to work.

E

John always dismisses the importance of traffic during his commute to work.

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Mantenha o ritmo! Salve no caderno para revisar depois. Adicionar a um caderno

Q3237479

Ano: 2024 Banca: CPCON Órgão: Prefeitura de Barra de Santana - PB Prova: CPCON - 2024 - Prefeitura de Barra de Santana - PB - Professor B - Inglês |

Q3237479 Inglês

What is the primary role of the English language in Brazil's National Common Curricular Base (BNCC)?

A

To replace Portuguese asthe main language of instruction.

B

To develop technical writing skillsin students.

C

To promote intercultural communication and understanding.

D

To focus exclusively on grammatical accuracy.

E

To prepare students solely for international exams.

Incorreta. Gabarito oficial da banca:

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Mantenha o ritmo! Salve no caderno para revisar depois. Adicionar a um caderno

Q3237476

Ano: 2024 Banca: CPCON Órgão: Prefeitura de Barra de Santana - PB Prova: CPCON - 2024 - Prefeitura de Barra de Santana - PB - Professor B - Inglês |

Q3237476 Inglês

Texto associado

Read the text 2 to answers the question

Text 2

If children live with criticism, they learn to condemn. If children live with fear, they learn to be apprehensive. If children live with pity, they learn to feel sorry for themselves. If children live with ridicule, they learn to feel shy. If children live with tolerance, they learn patience. If children live with praise, they learn appreciation. If children live with acceptance, they learn to love. If children live with approval, they learn to like themselves. If children live with recognition, they learn it is good to have a goal. If children live with sharing, they learn generosity. If children live with fairness, they learn justice. If children live with kindness and consideration, they learn respect. If children live with friendliness, they learn the world is a nice place in which to live.

NOLTE, D. L. Disponível em: <https://www.americanfamilytraditions.com>. Acesso em: 30 jul. 2012.

Which of the following sentences CORRECTLY reflects a conditional statement from the text?

A

If children live with friendliness, they learn to be shy.

B

If children live with criticism, they learn to appreciate themselves.

C

If children live with ridicule, they learn generosity.

D

If children live with kindness, theylearn to condemn.

E

If children live with acceptance, they learn to love.

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Essa questão segue o padrão da banca! Veja o que mais costuma cair. Ver raio-X

Q3237474

Ano: 2024 Banca: CPCON Órgão: Prefeitura de Barra de Santana - PB Prova: CPCON - 2024 - Prefeitura de Barra de Santana - PB - Professor B - Inglês |

Q3237474 Inglês

Texto associado

Read the text 1 to answers the question

Text 1

Education forSustainable Development

With a world population of 7 billion people and limited natural resources, we, as individuals and societies, need to learn to live together sustainably. We need to take action responsibly based on the understanding that what we do today can have implications on the lives of people and the planet in future. Education for Sustainable Development empowers people to change the way they think and work towards a sustainable future.

UNESCO aims to improve access to quality education on sustainable development at all levels and in allsocial contexts, to transform society by reorienting education and help people develop knowledge, skills, values and behaviours needed for sustainable development. It is about including sustainable development issues, such as climate change and biodiversity into teaching and learning. Individuals are encouraged to be responsible actors who resolve challenges, respect cultural diversity and contribute to creating a more sustainableworld.

(https://en.unesco.org. Adaptado.)

Why is promoting Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) important according to the text?

A

To prioritize economic growth over environmental and social considerations.

B

To focus exclusively on technological advancements without considering their social impacts.

C

To maintain traditional teaching methods that do not include contemporary global issues.

D

To prepare individuals to act responsibly and address sustainability challenges by integrating issues like climate change and biodiversity into education.

E

To restrict accessto quality education on sustainability to a select group of individuals

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Questões de Concurso Comentadas sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês

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