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Q3514081 Português
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão:


    Hoje, quase dois terços dos municípios não possuem nenhuma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos (Ilpi), e em alguns Estados houve redução da oferta de vagas em 15 anos. Além da carência de vagas,              problemas no encaminhamento e no financiamento. Quem determina se um idoso preenche os requisitos para uma vaga pública é o Sistema Único de Assistência Social (Suas), mas, a exemplo do que ocorre com os parceiros privados do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), como as Santas Casas, as Ilpis conveniadas são              . Especialistas ouvidos pelo jornal Estadão apontam outras opções de cuidado. O ideal é privilegiar o máximo de autonomia da família. Em termos de políticas públicas, isso pode significar recursos financeiros diretos aos familiares que decidem manter o parente em casa, como no Chile e no Uruguai. Outra opção              os centros-dia,              no Japão, para acolher idosos enquanto os familiares estão no trabalho. A Ilpi deveria ser a última opção, em caso de impossibilidade da família de oferecer os cuidados necessários.


(Opinião. “O múltiplo desafio do envelhecimento”.
Disponível em: https://www.estadao.com.br/opiniao/o-multiplo-
desafio-do-envelhecimento/. Adaptado)
De acordo com a norma-padrão, as lacunas dos enunciados devem ser preenchidas, correta e respectivamente, com:
Alternativas
Q3514079 Português
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão:


     Alguns cuidados não custam nada. Corrija sua coluna. Tenha a postura ereta. Respire fundo, use toda a capacidade dos pulmões. Ande uma hora por dia. Beba litros de água diariamente. Cuide-se. Ame-se. Mais, muito mais do que a seu próximo. Nem todos têm a sorte de nascer deslumbrantes, com mãos e pés perfeitos etc. Mas temos a obrigação de mantê-los sempre bem cuidados. Para ser gentil com os outros, para com você mesma. Há paixões que acabam quando a gente vê o pé do namorado pela primeira vez. Ouviram, rapazes?


(Danuza Leão, Na sala com Danuza. Adaptado)
De acordo com a norma-padrão, na passagem “Ame-se. Mais, muito mais do que a seu próximo.”, a preposição destacada deve ser substituída por “à” se a expressão “seu próximo” for substituída por:
Alternativas
Q3514078 Português
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão:


     Alguns cuidados não custam nada. Corrija sua coluna. Tenha a postura ereta. Respire fundo, use toda a capacidade dos pulmões. Ande uma hora por dia. Beba litros de água diariamente. Cuide-se. Ame-se. Mais, muito mais do que a seu próximo. Nem todos têm a sorte de nascer deslumbrantes, com mãos e pés perfeitos etc. Mas temos a obrigação de mantê-los sempre bem cuidados. Para ser gentil com os outros, para com você mesma. Há paixões que acabam quando a gente vê o pé do namorado pela primeira vez. Ouviram, rapazes?


(Danuza Leão, Na sala com Danuza. Adaptado)
Com a frase final do texto, fica subentendido que
Alternativas
Q3514077 Português
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão:


     Alguns cuidados não custam nada. Corrija sua coluna. Tenha a postura ereta. Respire fundo, use toda a capacidade dos pulmões. Ande uma hora por dia. Beba litros de água diariamente. Cuide-se. Ame-se. Mais, muito mais do que a seu próximo. Nem todos têm a sorte de nascer deslumbrantes, com mãos e pés perfeitos etc. Mas temos a obrigação de mantê-los sempre bem cuidados. Para ser gentil com os outros, para com você mesma. Há paixões que acabam quando a gente vê o pé do namorado pela primeira vez. Ouviram, rapazes?


(Danuza Leão, Na sala com Danuza. Adaptado)
Com base em Schneuwly e Dolz (Gêneros orais e escritos na escola, 2004), conclui-se que a capacidade de linguagem dominante no texto é
Alternativas
Q3513995 Português
Leia o texto, para responder à questão.


    “Depósito”: o modo como uma casa de repouso para idosos é chamada em um novo livro de ficção pretende denunciar as incongruências de nossa relação com a velhice e com os idosos ao nosso redor. Em Jasmins, publicado pela editora Maralto, Claudia Nina retrata a dura relação entre a cuidadora Yasmin e a idosa Wanda, num momento da história em que o fenômeno da longevidade interpela a nossa atenção à população idosa.

    “Embora não seja regra, alguns fatores tornam os idosos mais vulneráveis e dependentes de outras pessoas, seja para a realização de atividades básicas da vida diária e econômica ou emocionalmente, principalmente aqueles com déficits cognitivos ou limitações naturais do próprio envelhecimento”, explica a psicóloga Allana Moraes. “Por essas razões, lamentavelmente, o idoso também se encontra mais suscetível a ser vítima de violências nos mais variados âmbitos, seja familiar, institucional ou social”. 

    De acordo com Allana, é o próprio ambiente familiar que tem se apresentado como o espaço de maior incidência de abandono e maus-tratos acometidos contra o idoso, com episódios de violência psicológica, física, moral e patrimonial perpetrados por filhos ou cônjuges. Diversos fatores desempenham um papel nesse tipo de cenário, entre os quais o que pode ser chamado de transmissão transgeracional da violência e do abandono.

    “O fato de os idosos se transformarem em vítimas igualmente se relaciona às raízes familiares, à violência ou abandono por eles perpetrados no passado, assim como terem apresentado comportamentos disruptivos, agressividade e atitudes provocativas em relação aos familiares”, explica a psicóloga. “Portanto, para analisar os motivos que levam um familiar a agir com violência em relação a um idoso, há que se levar em conta não só características dos idosos ou da família, já que se trata de um fenômeno multideterminado e que deve ser analisado em sua complexidade”. 

    Entre os fatores em jogo, há também aquilo que o gerontólogo Robert N. Butler chamou já em 1969 de “ageísmo” ou “idadismo”, ou seja, a discriminação contra pessoas com base em sua idade, mais comumente direcionada a pessoas mais velhas. “Butler descreveu três aspectos deste tipo de preconceito: atitudes negativas em relação aos idosos, à velhice e ao processo de envelhecimento; práticas discriminatórias contra idosos; e práticas e políticas institucionais que perpetuam estereótipos e atitudes negativas sobre os idosos”, pontua Allana.

    A saúde dos vínculos afetivos entre o idoso e os seus cuidadores é um fator de proteção contra a violência muito significativo. Com a atenção à saúde mental dos profissionais cuidadores e com a proximidade da família, casas de repouso deixariam de ser “depósitos” e se tornariam pontos de apoio fundamentais em uma sociedade cada vez mais idosa.


(Disponível em: https://www.semprefamilia.com.br. Acesso em: 08.04.2025. Adaptado)
No segmento “Embora não seja regra” (2° parágrafo), o termo destacado garante a coesão textual introduzindo um argumento
Alternativas
Q3513824 Português

Leia  as  sentenças  abaixo  atentando  para  os  termos  destacados e, a seguir, assinale a alternativa correta. 



I‐ Honrado,  seu  nome  de  prestígio  pesa‐lhe  os  ombros  diante  da situação. 


II‐ Mostrou  ao  pai  alguns  amigos  especiais,  João,  que  corria  como  ninguém;  Pedro,  que  era  bom  de  bola;  Tonico,  que  conhecia muitas histórias; AbelJoaquimBeto... 


III‐ Diz Feliciano a verdade. O que não quero mesmo é desistir de  meu sonho. 


IV‐ Por  ambas  as  torcidas,  ainda  que  respirassem  rivalidade,  o  Hino Nacional era entoado com emoção. 



Os termos em destaque são, respectivamente, 

Alternativas
Q3513819 Português

Em  relação  à  acentuação  tônica  das  palavras  do  texto seguir, assinale a alternativa correta quanto ao que se afirma.



    A dona esperava paciente sob o guarda‐sol. O “basset” ruivo  afinal  despregou‐se  da  menina  e  saiu  sonâmbulo.  Ela  ficou  espantada,  com  o  acontecimento  nas  mãos,  numa  mudez  que  nem pai nem mãe compreenderiam. (Clarice Lispector)

Alternativas
Q3513487 Português
Leia o texto, para responder à questão.


    “Depósito”: o modo como uma casa de repouso para idosos é chamada em um novo livro de ficção pretende denunciar as incongruências de nossa relação com a velhice e com os idosos ao nosso redor. Em Jasmins, publicado pela editora Maralto, Claudia Nina retrata a dura relação entre a cuidadora Yasmin e a idosa Wanda, num momento da história em que o fenômeno da longevidade interpela a nossa atenção à população idosa.

    “Embora não seja regra, alguns fatores tornam os idosos mais vulneráveis e dependentes de outras pessoas, seja para a realização de atividades básicas da vida diária e econômica ou emocionalmente, principalmente aqueles com déficits cognitivos ou limitações naturais do próprio envelhecimento”, explica a psicóloga Allana Moraes. “Por essas razões, lamentavelmente, o idoso também se encontra mais suscetível a ser vítima de violências nos mais variados âmbitos, seja familiar, institucional ou social”.

    De acordo com Allana, é o próprio ambiente familiar que tem se apresentado como o espaço de maior incidência de abandono e maus-tratos acometidos contra o idoso, com episódios de violência psicológica, física, moral e patrimonial perpetrados por filhos ou cônjuges. Diversos fatores desempenham um papel nesse tipo de cenário, entre os quais o que pode ser chamado de transmissão transgeracional da violência e do abandono.

    “O fato de os idosos se transformarem em vítimas igualmente se relaciona às raízes familiares, à violência ou abandono por eles perpetrados no passado, assim como terem apresentado comportamentos disruptivos, agressividade e atitudes provocativas em relação aos familiares”, explica a psicóloga. “Portanto, para analisar os motivos que levam um familiar a agir com violência em relação a um idoso, há que se levar em conta não só características dos idosos ou da família, já que se trata de um fenômeno multideterminado e que deve ser analisado em sua complexidade”.

    Entre os fatores em jogo, há também aquilo que o gerontólogo Robert N. Butler chamou já em 1969 de “ageísmo” ou “idadismo”, ou seja, a discriminação contra pessoas com base em sua idade, mais comumente direcionada a pessoas mais velhas. “Butler descreveu três aspectos deste tipo de preconceito: atitudes negativas em relação aos idosos, à velhice e ao processo de envelhecimento; práticas discriminatórias contra idosos; e práticas e políticas institucionais que perpetuam estereótipos e atitudes negativas sobre os idosos”, pontua Allana.

    A saúde dos vínculos afetivos entre o idoso e os seus cuidadores é um fator de proteção contra a violência muito significativo. Com a atenção à saúde mental dos profissionais cuidadores e com a proximidade da família, casas de repouso deixariam de ser “depósitos” e se tornariam pontos de apoio fundamentais em uma sociedade cada vez mais idosa.


(Disponível em: https://www.semprefamilia.com.br. Acesso em: 08.04.2025. Adaptado)
Considerando-se a sequenciação textual, é correto afirmar que o quarto parágrafo representa, em relação ao terceiro,
Alternativas
Q3512695 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


  As a linguist, I understand that language shifts and changes. The voiced z sound of houses is being replaced by an unvoiced s sound. The abbreviation A.I. has become a verb, as in “He A.I.ed it.” Neologisms abound, and new words often make us think of things in new ways.

  But I don’t adopt all of the changes. I still say houses with a z. I avoid some new words that seem too flash-in-the-pan (like cheugy and delulu). By the time I might begin using them, they are probably already on their way out. Some bits of neology, I used ironically at first, but soon found myself adopting as part of my everyday vocabulary, and dropped them. Still, there are some usages that I can’t quite bring myself to embrace.

  One is iconic. Everywhere I turn, I hear something described as the most iconic: movies, songs, sports figures, fictional characters, vehicles, photographs. Iconic has shifted to mean “famous.” My experience with the word comes from the semiotic triad of icon, index, and symbol, three of the 66 categories of signs proposed by the philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce. For me, icons are visual representations: they resemble something. Dictionaries have now added definitions like “widely recognized and well-established” or “widely known and acknowledged especially for distinctive excellence.” Iconic has widened its meaning, but I haven’t come along.


(Edwin L. Battistella. https://blog.oup.com/2025/01/ some-barely-iconic-epic-usages/. Adaptado)
In the first paragraph, the stretch “The voiced z sound of houses is being replaced by an unvoiced s sound” is written in the passive voice. In order to be used in the passive voice, sentences must fulfill certain conditions. The sentence in which these conditions are met is:
Alternativas
Q3512694 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


  As a linguist, I understand that language shifts and changes. The voiced z sound of houses is being replaced by an unvoiced s sound. The abbreviation A.I. has become a verb, as in “He A.I.ed it.” Neologisms abound, and new words often make us think of things in new ways.

  But I don’t adopt all of the changes. I still say houses with a z. I avoid some new words that seem too flash-in-the-pan (like cheugy and delulu). By the time I might begin using them, they are probably already on their way out. Some bits of neology, I used ironically at first, but soon found myself adopting as part of my everyday vocabulary, and dropped them. Still, there are some usages that I can’t quite bring myself to embrace.

  One is iconic. Everywhere I turn, I hear something described as the most iconic: movies, songs, sports figures, fictional characters, vehicles, photographs. Iconic has shifted to mean “famous.” My experience with the word comes from the semiotic triad of icon, index, and symbol, three of the 66 categories of signs proposed by the philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce. For me, icons are visual representations: they resemble something. Dictionaries have now added definitions like “widely recognized and well-established” or “widely known and acknowledged especially for distinctive excellence.” Iconic has widened its meaning, but I haven’t come along.


(Edwin L. Battistella. https://blog.oup.com/2025/01/ some-barely-iconic-epic-usages/. Adaptado)
Read the following dictionary definitions of the adjective iconic, and select the one that matches the author’s understanding of the word:
Alternativas
Q3512693 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


  As a linguist, I understand that language shifts and changes. The voiced z sound of houses is being replaced by an unvoiced s sound. The abbreviation A.I. has become a verb, as in “He A.I.ed it.” Neologisms abound, and new words often make us think of things in new ways.

  But I don’t adopt all of the changes. I still say houses with a z. I avoid some new words that seem too flash-in-the-pan (like cheugy and delulu). By the time I might begin using them, they are probably already on their way out. Some bits of neology, I used ironically at first, but soon found myself adopting as part of my everyday vocabulary, and dropped them. Still, there are some usages that I can’t quite bring myself to embrace.

  One is iconic. Everywhere I turn, I hear something described as the most iconic: movies, songs, sports figures, fictional characters, vehicles, photographs. Iconic has shifted to mean “famous.” My experience with the word comes from the semiotic triad of icon, index, and symbol, three of the 66 categories of signs proposed by the philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce. For me, icons are visual representations: they resemble something. Dictionaries have now added definitions like “widely recognized and well-established” or “widely known and acknowledged especially for distinctive excellence.” Iconic has widened its meaning, but I haven’t come along.


(Edwin L. Battistella. https://blog.oup.com/2025/01/ some-barely-iconic-epic-usages/. Adaptado)
About changes in the language and neologisms, the author
Alternativas
Q3512692 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


Making the Case: The Importance

of Listening in Language Learning


  It has taken many years to bring the language teaching profession around to realizing the importance of listening in second and foreign language learning. As observed by Rivers, long an advocate for listening comprehension, “Speaking does not of itself constitute communication unless what is said is comprehended by another person”. Teaching the comprehension of spoken speech is therefore of primary importance if the communication aim is to be reached” (1966, pp. 196, 204). The reasons for the nearly total neglect of listening are difficult to assess, but as Morley notes, “Perhaps an assumption that listening is a reflex, a little like breathing - listening seldom receives overt teaching attention in one’s native language - has masked the importance and complexity of listening with understanding in a non-native language” (1972, p. vii).

  In reality, listening is used far more than any other single language skill in normal daily life. On average, we can expect to listen twice as much as we speak, four times more than we read, and five times more than we write.


(Joan Morley,. In: Marianne Celce-Murcia, (Ed.). Teaching English as a
second or foreign language. Boston: Heinle&Heinle-Thomson, 2001. Adaptado)
Um professor apresenta a seus alunos uma atividade de “listening” – um diálogo entre dois falantes de inglês a respeito dos planetas Marte e Terra. Pretende que o diálogo seja o ponto de partida para uma atividade relacionada a situações de comunicação real. Com tal objetivo em mente, orienta corretamente seus alunos para que
Alternativas
Q3512691 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


Making the Case: The Importance

of Listening in Language Learning


  It has taken many years to bring the language teaching profession around to realizing the importance of listening in second and foreign language learning. As observed by Rivers, long an advocate for listening comprehension, “Speaking does not of itself constitute communication unless what is said is comprehended by another person”. Teaching the comprehension of spoken speech is therefore of primary importance if the communication aim is to be reached” (1966, pp. 196, 204). The reasons for the nearly total neglect of listening are difficult to assess, but as Morley notes, “Perhaps an assumption that listening is a reflex, a little like breathing - listening seldom receives overt teaching attention in one’s native language - has masked the importance and complexity of listening with understanding in a non-native language” (1972, p. vii).

  In reality, listening is used far more than any other single language skill in normal daily life. On average, we can expect to listen twice as much as we speak, four times more than we read, and five times more than we write.


(Joan Morley,. In: Marianne Celce-Murcia, (Ed.). Teaching English as a
second or foreign language. Boston: Heinle&Heinle-Thomson, 2001. Adaptado)
In the fragment from the first paragraph “It has taken many years to bring the language teaching profession around to realizing the importance of listening in second and foreign language learning”, the bolded words form a collocation. In English, collocations with the verbs ‘do’ and ‘make’ are particularly frequent. One correct instance of such collocation is found in the bolded words in alternative:
Alternativas
Q3512690 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


Making the Case: The Importance

of Listening in Language Learning


  It has taken many years to bring the language teaching profession around to realizing the importance of listening in second and foreign language learning. As observed by Rivers, long an advocate for listening comprehension, “Speaking does not of itself constitute communication unless what is said is comprehended by another person”. Teaching the comprehension of spoken speech is therefore of primary importance if the communication aim is to be reached” (1966, pp. 196, 204). The reasons for the nearly total neglect of listening are difficult to assess, but as Morley notes, “Perhaps an assumption that listening is a reflex, a little like breathing - listening seldom receives overt teaching attention in one’s native language - has masked the importance and complexity of listening with understanding in a non-native language” (1972, p. vii).

  In reality, listening is used far more than any other single language skill in normal daily life. On average, we can expect to listen twice as much as we speak, four times more than we read, and five times more than we write.


(Joan Morley,. In: Marianne Celce-Murcia, (Ed.). Teaching English as a
second or foreign language. Boston: Heinle&Heinle-Thomson, 2001. Adaptado)
Words ending in –ing may be verbs, nouns or adjectives, depending on the context. The bolded -ing word functions as an adjective in alternative:
Alternativas
Q3512689 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


Making the Case: The Importance

of Listening in Language Learning


  It has taken many years to bring the language teaching profession around to realizing the importance of listening in second and foreign language learning. As observed by Rivers, long an advocate for listening comprehension, “Speaking does not of itself constitute communication unless what is said is comprehended by another person”. Teaching the comprehension of spoken speech is therefore of primary importance if the communication aim is to be reached” (1966, pp. 196, 204). The reasons for the nearly total neglect of listening are difficult to assess, but as Morley notes, “Perhaps an assumption that listening is a reflex, a little like breathing - listening seldom receives overt teaching attention in one’s native language - has masked the importance and complexity of listening with understanding in a non-native language” (1972, p. vii).

  In reality, listening is used far more than any other single language skill in normal daily life. On average, we can expect to listen twice as much as we speak, four times more than we read, and five times more than we write.


(Joan Morley,. In: Marianne Celce-Murcia, (Ed.). Teaching English as a
second or foreign language. Boston: Heinle&Heinle-Thomson, 2001. Adaptado)
According to the author of this text, listening in second language teaching and learning
Alternativas
Q3512688 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


Making the Case: The Importance

of Listening in Language Learning


  It has taken many years to bring the language teaching profession around to realizing the importance of listening in second and foreign language learning. As observed by Rivers, long an advocate for listening comprehension, “Speaking does not of itself constitute communication unless what is said is comprehended by another person”. Teaching the comprehension of spoken speech is therefore of primary importance if the communication aim is to be reached” (1966, pp. 196, 204). The reasons for the nearly total neglect of listening are difficult to assess, but as Morley notes, “Perhaps an assumption that listening is a reflex, a little like breathing - listening seldom receives overt teaching attention in one’s native language - has masked the importance and complexity of listening with understanding in a non-native language” (1972, p. vii).

  In reality, listening is used far more than any other single language skill in normal daily life. On average, we can expect to listen twice as much as we speak, four times more than we read, and five times more than we write.


(Joan Morley,. In: Marianne Celce-Murcia, (Ed.). Teaching English as a
second or foreign language. Boston: Heinle&Heinle-Thomson, 2001. Adaptado)
Considering the information available in the presentation of the extract, it is correct to state that it is
Alternativas
Q3512686 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


   Based on theoretical, experimental, and experiential knowledge, teachers and teacher educators have expressed their dissatisfaction with method in different ways. Studies clearly demonstrate that, even as the methodological band played on, practicing teachers have been marching to a different drum.

  In this sense, the post method condition is established as a timely response. It signifies interrelated attributes. First and foremost, it signifies a search for an alternative to method rather than an alternative method. While alternative methods are primarily products of top-down processes, alternatives to method are mainly products of bottom-up processes. In practical terms, this means that we need to refigure the relationship between the theorizer and the practitioner of language teaching. If the concept of method authorizes theorizers to centralize pedagogic decision-making, the postmethod condition enables practitioners to generate location-specific, classroom-oriented innovative strategies.

  Secondly, the postmethod condition signifies teacher autonomy. The conventional concept of method “overlooks the fund of experience and tacit knowledge about teaching which the teachers already have by virtue of their lives as students” (Freeman, 1991). The postmethod condition, however, recognizes the teachers’ potential to know not only how to teach but also how to act autonomously within the academic and administrative constraints imposed by institutions, curricula, and textbooks. It also promotes the ability of teachers to know how to develop a critical approach in order to self-observe, self-analyze, and self-evaluate their own teaching practice with a view to effecting desired changes.


(B. Kumaravadivelu, Beyond Methods: Macrostrategies for language
teaching. Haven and London: Yale University Press. 2003. Adaptado)
In the extract from the third paragraph “the fund of experience and tacit knowledge about teaching which the teachers already have by virtue of their lives as students”, the bolded fragment functions as
Alternativas
Q3512685 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


   Based on theoretical, experimental, and experiential knowledge, teachers and teacher educators have expressed their dissatisfaction with method in different ways. Studies clearly demonstrate that, even as the methodological band played on, practicing teachers have been marching to a different drum.

  In this sense, the post method condition is established as a timely response. It signifies interrelated attributes. First and foremost, it signifies a search for an alternative to method rather than an alternative method. While alternative methods are primarily products of top-down processes, alternatives to method are mainly products of bottom-up processes. In practical terms, this means that we need to refigure the relationship between the theorizer and the practitioner of language teaching. If the concept of method authorizes theorizers to centralize pedagogic decision-making, the postmethod condition enables practitioners to generate location-specific, classroom-oriented innovative strategies.

  Secondly, the postmethod condition signifies teacher autonomy. The conventional concept of method “overlooks the fund of experience and tacit knowledge about teaching which the teachers already have by virtue of their lives as students” (Freeman, 1991). The postmethod condition, however, recognizes the teachers’ potential to know not only how to teach but also how to act autonomously within the academic and administrative constraints imposed by institutions, curricula, and textbooks. It also promotes the ability of teachers to know how to develop a critical approach in order to self-observe, self-analyze, and self-evaluate their own teaching practice with a view to effecting desired changes.


(B. Kumaravadivelu, Beyond Methods: Macrostrategies for language
teaching. Haven and London: Yale University Press. 2003. Adaptado)
The meaning of the word “overlook” as used in the second paragraph of the text is
Alternativas
Q3512684 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


   Based on theoretical, experimental, and experiential knowledge, teachers and teacher educators have expressed their dissatisfaction with method in different ways. Studies clearly demonstrate that, even as the methodological band played on, practicing teachers have been marching to a different drum.

  In this sense, the post method condition is established as a timely response. It signifies interrelated attributes. First and foremost, it signifies a search for an alternative to method rather than an alternative method. While alternative methods are primarily products of top-down processes, alternatives to method are mainly products of bottom-up processes. In practical terms, this means that we need to refigure the relationship between the theorizer and the practitioner of language teaching. If the concept of method authorizes theorizers to centralize pedagogic decision-making, the postmethod condition enables practitioners to generate location-specific, classroom-oriented innovative strategies.

  Secondly, the postmethod condition signifies teacher autonomy. The conventional concept of method “overlooks the fund of experience and tacit knowledge about teaching which the teachers already have by virtue of their lives as students” (Freeman, 1991). The postmethod condition, however, recognizes the teachers’ potential to know not only how to teach but also how to act autonomously within the academic and administrative constraints imposed by institutions, curricula, and textbooks. It also promotes the ability of teachers to know how to develop a critical approach in order to self-observe, self-analyze, and self-evaluate their own teaching practice with a view to effecting desired changes.


(B. Kumaravadivelu, Beyond Methods: Macrostrategies for language
teaching. Haven and London: Yale University Press. 2003. Adaptado)
Suponha que o texto de Kamaravadivelu seja usado em um curso de formação em serviço para professores de inglês. Com o texto em mãos, um dos professores-alunos imediatamente pergunta sobre o significado de overlook no trecho do terceiro parágrafo “The conventional concept of method overlooks the fund of experience”, e o professor-formador o incentiva a usar o contexto do texto para compreender a palavra. Ao oferecer tal orientação, o professor-formador estará incentivando a prática da seguinte estratégia de leitura: 
Alternativas
Q3512683 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


   Based on theoretical, experimental, and experiential knowledge, teachers and teacher educators have expressed their dissatisfaction with method in different ways. Studies clearly demonstrate that, even as the methodological band played on, practicing teachers have been marching to a different drum.

  In this sense, the post method condition is established as a timely response. It signifies interrelated attributes. First and foremost, it signifies a search for an alternative to method rather than an alternative method. While alternative methods are primarily products of top-down processes, alternatives to method are mainly products of bottom-up processes. In practical terms, this means that we need to refigure the relationship between the theorizer and the practitioner of language teaching. If the concept of method authorizes theorizers to centralize pedagogic decision-making, the postmethod condition enables practitioners to generate location-specific, classroom-oriented innovative strategies.

  Secondly, the postmethod condition signifies teacher autonomy. The conventional concept of method “overlooks the fund of experience and tacit knowledge about teaching which the teachers already have by virtue of their lives as students” (Freeman, 1991). The postmethod condition, however, recognizes the teachers’ potential to know not only how to teach but also how to act autonomously within the academic and administrative constraints imposed by institutions, curricula, and textbooks. It also promotes the ability of teachers to know how to develop a critical approach in order to self-observe, self-analyze, and self-evaluate their own teaching practice with a view to effecting desired changes.


(B. Kumaravadivelu, Beyond Methods: Macrostrategies for language
teaching. Haven and London: Yale University Press. 2003. Adaptado)
In the sentence from the second paragraph “If the concept of method authorizes theorizers to centralize pedagogic decision-making, the postmethod condition enables practitioners to generate location-specific, classroom-oriented innovative strategies”, the conditional clause can be correctly rewritten as:
Alternativas
Respostas
481: A
482: D
483: A
484: B
485: A
486: B
487: C
488: C
489: C
490: E
491: D
492: B
493: A
494: E
495: D
496: C
497: B
498: B
499: D
500: E