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Q3588022
Educação Física Anatomia e Fisiologia do Corpo e Movimento , Fisiologia do Exercício ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588022 Educação Física
Glândulas endócrinas são responsáveis pela liberação de glicocorticoides, os quais promovem a estimulação da conversão de proteínas em carboidratos, mantêm os niveis normais de açúcar no sangue, conservam a glicose e promovem o metabolismo das gorduras. Assinale a opção que, segundo Fleck e Kraemer (2017), apresenta corretamente a glândula endócrina responsável por essa ação.
Alternativas
Q3588021
Educação Física Fisiologia do Exercício , Treinamento Desportivo ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588021 Educação Física
Segundo Newsholme et. al. (2006), na fase de treinamento chamada de condicionamento físico, o alvo é manter o condicionamento aeróbio sem aumento do risco de lesionar os músculos. Nesse sentido, o atleta deve:
Alternativas
Q3588020
Educação Física Anatomia e Fisiologia do Corpo e Movimento , Fisiologia do Exercício ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588020 Educação Física
Segundo Fleck e Kraemer (2017), sobre os vários tipos de fibras musculares, coloque F (falso) ou V (verdadeiro) nas afirmativas abaixo, assinalando a seguir a opção correta.

( ) As fibras musculares Tipo II possuem alta atividade da enzima ATPase miofibrilar, a enzima que fragmenta o ATP e libera energia para a contração/encurtamento da fibra.
( ) As fibras do tipo I são utilizadas em exercícios de alta intensidade e curta duração.
( ) As fibras do tipo Il contam predominantemente com fontes anaeróbias para suprimento da energia necessária à ativação muscular.
( ) As fibras do tipo Il são mais adequadas a atividades de endurance (aeróbias).
( ) As fibras do tipo I possuem baixa densidade mitocondrial e maior força por área de seção transversa. 
Alternativas
Q3588019
Educação Física Anatomia e Fisiologia do Corpo e Movimento , Fisiologia do Exercício ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588019 Educação Física
O pH normal do sangue arterial é 7,4. Conforme a concentração de íons de hidrogênio aumenta, o pH declina e a acidez do sangue aumenta, acarretando о desenvolvimento de uma condição chamada acidose. Por outro lado, conforme a concentração de ſons de hidrogênio diminui, o pH aumenta e a solução se torna mais básica (alcalina). Essa condição é denominada alcalose. Assinale a opção que de acordo com Powers e Howley (2017), apresenta a faixa de sobrevida. 
Alternativas
Q3588018
Educação Física Modalidades Esportivas ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588018 Educação Física
De acordo com Maglischo (2010), como é denominado o estilo de nado que possui uma rica história de competição, sendo o primeiro nado utilizado após a idade das trevas e que, além disso, todos os nados de competição remanescentes se desenvolveram a partir do dele? 
Alternativas
Q3588016
Educação Física Anatomia e Fisiologia do Corpo e Movimento , Fisiologia do Exercício ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588016 Educação Física
A manobra de valsalva é realizada quando um indivíduo prende a respiração ao mesmo tempo em que se tenta expirar com a glote fechada. Segundo Fleck e Kraemer (2017), sobre as características dessa manobra, assinale a opção correta.
Alternativas
Q3588015
Educação Física Anatomia e Fisiologia do Corpo e Movimento , Fisiologia do Exercício ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588015 Educação Física
Segundo Newsholme et. al. (2006), para que as mulheres consigam alcançar as mesmas marcas que homens, elas teriam que realizar treinamentos mais intensos. Dessa forma, são diferenças fisiológicas das mulheres, comparadas aos homens, que afetam negativamente o desempenho, EXCETО:
Alternativas
Q3588014
Pedagogia Avaliação Educacional ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588014 Pedagogia
De acordo com Morrow Jr. et. al. (2014), os conceitos relacionados à avaliação são denominados: 
Alternativas
Q3588013
Educação Física Biomecânica e Cinesiologia , Modalidades Esportivas ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588013 Educação Física
Segundo Maglischo (2010), o padrão da braçada no nado crawl foi dividido em fases. Assim, assinale a opção que apresenta corretamente uma fase da braçada desse estilo de nado.
Alternativas
Q3588012
Educação Física Anatomia e Fisiologia do Corpo e Movimento , Fisiologia do Exercício ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588012 Educação Física
Segundo Powers e Howley (2017), os proprioceptores musculares que monitoram continuamente a tensão produzida pela contração muscular e ajudam a prevenir forças excessivas são chamados de:
Alternativas
Q3588011
Educação Física Fisiologia do Exercício ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588011 Educação Física
Segundo Powers e Howley (2017), o exercício muscular requer um suprimento constante de ATP para fornecimento de energia. Nesse sentido, são vias de formação de ATP denominadas anaeróbias:
Alternativas
Q3588010
Educação Física Anatomia e Fisiologia do Corpo e Movimento , Biomecânica e Cinesiologia ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588010 Educação Física
O cíngulo do membro superior possui nomes de movimentos especiais quando as escápulas se movimentam em afastamento. Segundo Hamill et. al. (2016), quando um indivíduo arredonda os ombros é denominado:
Alternativas
Q3588009
Educação Física Treinamento Desportivo ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588009 Educação Física
De acordo com Maglischo (2010), como é denominada a fase do treinamento cuja principal finalidade é preparar os atletas no aspecto físico para o intenso treinamento que ocorrerá mais adiante?
Alternativas
Q3588008
Educação Física Treinamento Desportivo ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Prova: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física |
Q3588008 Educação Física
Segundo Fleck e kraemer (2017), sobre os sistemas e as técnicas de treinamento, coloque F (falso) ou V (verdadeiro) nas afirmativas abaixo, assinalando a seguir a opção correta.

( ) O treinamento negativo envolve baixar, ou executar a parte isométrica das repetições, com mais carga do que 5 a 10 repetições máximas (RM) para uma repetição completa.
( ) O treinamento excêntrico acentuado refere-se a treino em que é realizada uma repetição completa (concêntrica e excêntrica), embora seja usada mais carga na fase excêntrica do que na concêntrica.
( ) O treinamento negativo pode ser realizado com a assistência de auxiliares para o levantamento do peso, que o executante depois retorna (realizada a parte excêntrica) sem assistência.
( ) O treinamento negativo pode ser realizado com equipamentos de treino resistido, quando se levanta o peso utilizando ambos os braços ou pernas (bilateral) e, depois, a carga é baixada com apenas um dos membros (unilateral).
( ) 0 treinamento negativo é caracterizado principalmente pelo uso de um manguito estreito para comprimir a artéria principal que alimenta os músculos sendo treinados com o objetivo de diminuir o fluxo de sanguíneo.
Alternativas
Q3588007
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Provas: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Biologia | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segundo Tenente - Cartografia (Engenharia Cartográfica) | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Eletrônica | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Máquinas | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Química | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Sistemas de Armas |
Q3588007 Inglês
Read the text below and answer question.


TEXT II


TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon


March 13, 2025 3:29 PM

By Agence France-Press


Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday. 

Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.

But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.

On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.

The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.

For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.

It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.

The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.

Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.

Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.

The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.

There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.

Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.

Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos. When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.

Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.

Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.

Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.

However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.

Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.

As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.

The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.

If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.


(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probesnaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html)

According to the text, HERA's main objective was:
Alternativas
Q3588006
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Provas: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Biologia | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segundo Tenente - Cartografia (Engenharia Cartográfica) | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Eletrônica | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Máquinas | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Química | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Sistemas de Armas |
Q3588006 Inglês
Read the text below and answer question.


TEXT II


TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon


March 13, 2025 3:29 PM

By Agence France-Press


Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday. 

Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.

But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.

On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.

The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.

For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.

It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.

The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.

Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.

Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.

The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.

There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.

Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.

Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos. When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.

Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.

Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.

Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.

However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.

Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.

As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.

The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.

If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.


(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probesnaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html)

Mark the correct option that presents a paraphrase to the following extract: "The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a 'kick'."
Alternativas
Q3588005
Inglês Orações condicionais | Conditional Clauses ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Provas: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Biologia | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segundo Tenente - Cartografia (Engenharia Cartográfica) | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Eletrônica | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Máquinas | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Química | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Sistemas de Armas |
Q3588005 Inglês
Read the text below and answer question.


TEXT II


TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon


March 13, 2025 3:29 PM

By Agence France-Press


Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday. 

Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.

But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.

On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.

The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.

For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.

It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.

The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.

Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.

Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.

The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.

There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.

Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.

Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos. When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.

Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.

Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.

Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.

However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.

Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.

As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.

The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.

If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.


(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probesnaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html)

Mark the correct option that presents a paraphrase for the following extract: "If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028". 
Alternativas
Q3588004
Inglês Palavras conectivas | Connective words ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Provas: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Biologia | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segundo Tenente - Cartografia (Engenharia Cartográfica) | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Eletrônica | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Máquinas | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Química | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Sistemas de Armas |
Q3588004 Inglês
Read the text below and answer question.


TEXT II


TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon


March 13, 2025 3:29 PM

By Agence France-Press


Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday. 

Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.

But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.

On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.

The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.

For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.

It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.

The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.

Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.

Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.

The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.

There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.

Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.

Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos. When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.

Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.

Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.

Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.

However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.

Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.

As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.

The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.

If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.


(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probesnaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html)

In the extract: "...HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself...", the word WHETHER conveys the idea of:
Alternativas
Q3588003
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension ,
Ano: 2025 Banca: Marinha Órgão: Quadro Complementar Provas: Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Educação Física | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Biologia | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segundo Tenente - Cartografia (Engenharia Cartográfica) | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Eletrônica | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Máquinas | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Química | Marinha - 2025 - Quadro Complementar - Segunto Tenente - Sistemas de Armas |
Q3588003 Inglês
Read the text below and answer question.


TEXT II


TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon


March 13, 2025 3:29 PM

By Agence France-Press


Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday. 

Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.

But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.

On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.

The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.

For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.

It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.

The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.

Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.

Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.

The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.

There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.

Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.

Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos. When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.

Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.

Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.

Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.

However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.

Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.

As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.

The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.

If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.


(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probesnaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html)

HERA, DART and RAMSES are proper nouns used to identify:
Alternativas
Q3588002
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Sinônimos | Synonyms ,
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Q3588002 Inglês
Read the text below and answer question.


TEXT I


The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.


Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profounp influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.


The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.


The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.


Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs. 


(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worldsstrongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
By reading the text: "[...] spreading them out as they drift towards the continent.", it is correct to infer that the meaning of the underlined term is similar to:
Alternativas
Respostas
501: D
502: C
503: B
504: A
505: E
506: E
507: B
508: E
509: C
510: B
511: A
512: C
513: A
514: D
515: C
516: B
517: A
518: E
519: D
520: A
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