De acordo com o texto I, qual a principal razão pela qual os departamentos de polícia estão
a utilizar cada vez mais as tecnologias emergentes?

Question

TEXT I
Drones, robots, license plate readers: Police grapple with community concerns as they turn to tech
for their Jobs       Last year, police in Mountain View, Calif., knew they had a potentially dangerous situation on their
hands when a man barricaded himself inside an unlocked three-story townhouse along with the homeowners.
        Police received a call from the homeowners, who said the man was armed with a knife. They didn’t
know whether they could safely enter the home and they didn’t know the man’s intentions. So instead of taking
any risk, police called in their trusty sidekick: A camera-equipped drone.
       Officers on the ground used the drone to live stream video from the second- and third-floor windows,
giving them the opportunity to assess the gravity of the situation and the location of the suspect. They quickly
learned the man did not have any visible weapons on him.        “There was no risk to life, so we let him sit in there and did our best to communicate with him,” said Lt.
Scott Nelson of the Mountain View Police Department. “No use of force was needed.”
       Police across the United States are increasingly relying on emerging technologies to make their jobs
more efficient. They are using drones, license plate readers, body cameras and gunshot detection systems to
reduce injury and bodily harm. The move comes as some law enforcement agencies are struggling with
retention and hiring during the pandemic, when hundreds of cops in cities including Los Angeles and New York
were sidelined because of the spread of the coronavirus. As police departments determine which technologies
to adopt, they are also grappling with growing concerns about privacy that these technologies bring and
potential complications they could create for officers on the job.
        “Tech can be a great tool for law enforcement to use,” said Sgt. James Smallwood, Nashville-based
treasurer of the national Fraternal Order of Police. But “as with anything else, we have to balance the line of
privacy and meeting the expectation to promote public safety.”      DJI, the Chinese tech company that makes many of the drones adopted by police departments, said
more than 1,000 police departments across the country use some type of drone. Drones are proving to be a
police force multiplier across the nation, aiding with everything from lost children to dangerous suspects to
crash reconstruction. But Lisberg doesn’t think they’ll ever replace police officers.       “You need a sense of humanity at work in policing,” he said. “A drone is a tool that helps accomplish
the goals [police] already have. [To] do it better, safely and more efficiently.”
        Drones aren’t the only tech tools that police say have made them more efficient. More than 120 cities
are using gunshot detection systems, which alert police to gunfire within the devices’ coverage area.        The systems use sensors and algorithms that can identify and determine which loud bangs are
probably gunshots. Within about 60 seconds, they can alert police to the precise location in which the gunshots
were heard. That allows police to better deploy their resources.       “Police chiefs are looking for innovative ways to deal with the responsibilities they have,” he said.
“They’re finding ways to provide them even in areas where budgets are tight.”
         To be sure, not all of the technology is proving to be positive, says Griffith of Houston’s police union.
He noted that while tech can add a level of efficiency, it also can increase stress levels for officers, who have
been experiencing increased scrutiny for excessive use of force and discriminatory practices in recent years.
Body cameras, for example, can help police and the community better understand the details around an
incident in which an officer resorted to use of force. But the cameras also can catch small, sometimes minor
policy violations from police that don’t affect the overall outcome of any situation, such as whether a police
officer buckled his seat belt before pressing the gas, Griffith said.        “We know that there will be more tech coming,” he said. “But we pray it’s something that will help
[officers] and not make it to where they have to be perfect every minute of every day.”
        Police also have to walk a fine line when it comes to implementing new technology, taking into account
the community’s comfort level and privacy concerns, they say.
     Farhang Heydari, executive director of the nonprofit Policing Project at New York University School of
Law, said he’s mostly concerned with increasing access to private cameras and third-party databases and the
ability to tie them together, which could create a new kind of surveillance, he said.
      That has the potential to magnify some of the harms of policing, like the overenforcement of low-level
crime or the exacerbation of racial disparities. Ultimately, Heydari says, police shouldn’t be charged with
deciding on their own what technology to use. Regulators and communities should, he said. ABRIL, Daniela. The Washington Post. March 9, 2022. Disponível em:
https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/03/09/police-technologies-future-of-work-dronesai-robots/ Acesso em: 21 janeiro 2024 (Texto adaptado).  De acordo com o texto I, qual a principal razão pela qual os departamentos de polícia estão
a utilizar cada vez mais as tecnologias emergentes? Alternativa A: Para substituir completamente os policiais por máquinas em campo, a fim de reduzir os custos com
pessoal. Ou Alternativa B: Para aumentar a eficiência operacional, reduzir lesões e melhorar a resposta a emergências. Ou Alternativa C: Para melhorar a imagem pública da polícia na comunidade, em resposta à pressão pública por maior transparência. Ou Alternativa D: Para exibir as conquistas tecnológicas e manter uma imagem moderna.

Qconcursos · Accepted Answer

Alternativa [B] Para aumentar a eficiência operacional, reduzir lesões e melhorar a resposta a emergências. Alternativa correta: B - Para aumentar a eficiência operacional, reduzir lesões e melhorar a resposta a emergências.

A questão aborda o uso de tecnologias emergentes pelas forças policiais dos Estados Unidos e pede que você identifique a principal razão para essa tendência. O texto enfatiza que as polícias estão recorrendo a tecnologias como drones, leitores de placas, câmeras corporais e sistemas de detecção de tiros para tornar suas operações mais eficientes, reduzir o risco de lesões e melhorar a resposta a situações de emergência.

Justificação da alternativa correta:

A alternativa B é a correta porque reflete exatamente o que é mencionado no texto: as tecnologias são adotadas para aumentar a eficiência operacional e reduzir riscos, ajudando assim na resposta a emergências. O texto explica que, além de melhorar a segurança e efetividade, essas ferramentas ajudam as polícias a lidar com desafios como a escassez de pessoal causada pela pandemia.

Por que as outras alternativas estão incorretas:

A - Para substituir completamente os policiais por máquinas em campo, a fim de reduzir os custos com pessoal: O texto deixa claro que, apesar de as tecnologias ajudarem, elas não substituem a presença humana e o "senso de humanidade" necessário no policiamento. Portanto, a intenção não é substituir policiais, mas sim auxiliá-los.

C - Para melhorar a imagem pública da polícia na comunidade, em resposta à pressão pública por maior transparência: Embora a transparência seja um benefício adicional mencionado, o foco principal do texto é a eficiência e segurança, e não necessariamente a imagem pública dos departamentos de polícia.

D - Para exibir as conquistas tecnológicas e manter uma imagem moderna: Esta alternativa está incorreta porque o texto não enfatiza a demonstração de uma imagem moderna como a principal razão para a adoção de tecnologias. O texto se concentra mais em objetivos práticos e funcionais, como aumentar a eficiência e segurança.

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