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Lockdown Named 2020’s Word of the Year by Collins Dictionary
Lockdown, the noun that has come to define so many lives across the world in 2020, has been
named word of the year by Collins Dictionary. Lockdown is defined by Collins as “the imposition of stringent
restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces”. The 4.5-billion-word Collins Corpus,
which contains written material from websites, books and newspapers, as well as spoken material from
radio, television and conversations, registered a 6,000% increase in ______(1) usage. In 2019, there were
4,000 recorded instances of lockdown being used. In 2020, this had risen to more than a quarter of a
million.
“Language is a reflection of the world around us and 2020 has been dominated by the global pandemic,” says Collins language content consultant Helen Newstead. “We have chosen lockdown as _______(2) word of the year because it encapsulates the shared experience of billions of people who have had to restrict _______(3) daily lives in order to contain the virus. Lockdown has affected the way we work, study, shop, and socialise. It is not a word of the year to celebrate, but it is, perhaps, one that sums up the year for most of the world.”
Other pandemic-related words such as coronavirus, social distancing and key worker were on the dictionary’s list of the top 10 words. However, the coronavirus crisis didn’t completely dominate this year’s vocabulary: words like “Megxit,” a term to describe Prince Harry and Meghan Markle stepping back as senior members of the royal family, also made the shortlist along with “TikToker” (a person who regularly shares or appears in videos on TikTok), and “BLM.” The abbreviation BLM, for Black Lives Matter is defined by Collins as “a movement that campaigns against racially motivated violence and oppression”, it registered a 581% increase in usage.
Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/10/lockdown-named-word-of-the-year-by-collins-dictionary
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Because we all have different styles of teaching, and therefore planning, orientations about course planning and delivery should not be meant to be prescriptive. As Bailey (1996) points out, a lesson plan is like a road map “which describes where the teacher hopes to go in a lesson, presumably taking the students along”. It is the latter part of this quote that is important for teachers to remember, because they may need to make “in-flight” changes in response to the actuality of the classroom. As Bailey (1996) correctly points out, “In realizing lesson plans, part of a skilled teacher’s logic in use involves managing such departures to maximimize teaching and learning opportunities”. Clearly thought-out lesson plans will more likely maintain the attention of students and increase the likelihood that they will be interested.
(RICHARDS, Jack C.; RENANDYA, Willy A.(Ed.).
Methodology in language teaching: an anthology of current practice.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. p. 36. Adaptado)
It is important that female navy officers are now commanding vessels, not only because of ________ achievement in and of itself, but also because ________ types of posts will help ______ advance even more in ______ careers.
(Adapted from http://cimsec.org)
Choose the right alternative to complete the gap:
Mr. Thompson’s secretary was ill yesterday, so he had to type the document ________.
Complete the sentences with the right demonstrative pronoun:
Who is ________ officer over there?
Corruption
People all over the world complain about the corruption of police, government officials, and business leader. Three examples of corruption are:
• a police officer takes money from a driver so he doesn’t give the driver a ticket for speeding.
• a public official gives a government contract to a company in which he, or she has a financial interest.
• a company that wants to do business with a government agency offers public official money, or a gift to choose that company for the job.
Some people feel that power promotes corruption and that corruption is just an unavoidable part of human nature. But everyone agrees that it’s a terrible problem all over the world.
Adapted from Top Noch.
Choose the alternative that best completes the dialogue:
Mary: Hi, ____ am Mary Smith. ___ am from the USA. What’s your name?
Paul: _____ name is Paul Thompson.
Mary: Nice to meet you. _____ are you from?
Paul: Nice to meet you, too. _____ am from London. And who is ____ woman?
Mary: ____ is Jessica Lopez. ____ is from the USA too.
All of me
John Legend
‘Cause all of me
Loves all of you
Love your curves and all your edges
All your perfect imperfections
Give your all to me
I’ll give my all to you
You’re my end and my beginning
Even when I lose I’m winning
‘Cause I give you all of me
And you give me all of you
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What a Wonderful World
Louis Armstrong
I see trees of green, red roses too
I see them bloom for me and you
And I think to myself, what a wonderful world
I see skies of blue and clouds of white
The bright blessed days, the dark sacred night
And I think to myself, what a wonderful world
The colors of the rainbow, so pretty in the sky
Are also on the faces of people going by
I see friends shaking hands, saying: How do you do?
They’re really saying: I love you!
I hear babies crying, I watch them grow
They’ll learn much more, than I’ll never know
And I think to myself, what a wonderful world
Yes, I think to myself, what a wonderful world
Adapted from: https://www.letras.mus.br/louis-armstrong/2211/
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The U. S. Constitution doesn’t guarantee happiness, only the
pursuit of it. You have to catch up with it yourself.
https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/benjamin_franklin_141100
OXFAM AMERICA
Oxfam stands for the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief. It was started in Oxford, England in 1942 in response to the European famine-related issues resulting from the Second World War. Ten other countries worldwide, including the United States and Australia, have started chapters of Oxfam. They make up what is known as Oxfam International.
Oxfam America is dedicated to creating lasting solutions to hunger, poverty, and social injustice through long-term partnerships with poor communities around the world. As a privately funded organization, we can speak with conviction and integrity as we challenge the structural barriers that foster conflict and human suffering and limit people from gaining the skills, resources, and power to become self-sufficient.
Oxfam implements various global projects that target areas particularly affected by hunger. The projects focus on developing self-sufficiency of the communities in which they are based, as opposed to merely providing relief in the form of food aid. Oxfam’s projects operate on the communal level, and are developed by evaluating issues causing poverty and hunger in the community and subsequently the possible infrastructure that could end hunger and foster the attainment of self-sufficiency. Examples of projects in which Oxfam America has been or is involved range from a women’s literacy program in India to providing microloans and agriculture education programs for small-scale organic farmers in California.
Adapted from http://students.brown.edu/Hourglass_Cafe/Pages/about.htm
Read the text below and answer the question.
Thought-in-Action Links
It is important to recognize that methods link thoughts and actions, because teaching is not entirely about one or the other. As a teacher of language, you have thoughts about your subject matter – what language is, what culture is – and about your students – who they are as learners and how it is they learn. You also have thoughts about yourself as a teacher and what you can do to help your students to learn. Many of your thoughts have been formed by your own experience as a language learner. With this awareness, you are able to examine why you do what you do and perhaps choose to think about or do things differently.
As an example, let us relate an anecdote about a teacher with whom Diane Larsen-Freeman was working some time ago. From her study of methods in Stevick (1980), Heather (not her real name) became interested in how to work with teacher control and student initiative in her teaching. She determined that during her student teaching internship, she would exercise less control of the lesson in order to encourage her students to take more initiative, and have them impose the questions in the classroom, since so often it is the teacher who asks all the questions, not the students.
However, she felt that the students were not taking the initiative, but she could not see what was wrong. When Diane Larsen Freeman, who was her supervisor, visited her class, she observed the following:
HEATHER: Juan, ask Anna what she is wearing.
JÜAN: What are you wearing?
ANNA: I am wearing a dress.
HEATHER: Anna, ask Muriel what she is writing.
ANNA: What are you writing?
MÜRIEL: I am writing a letter.
This pattern continued for some time. It was clear to see that Heather had successfully avoided the common problem of the teacher asking all the questions in the class. The teacher was not asking the questions – the students were. However, Heather had not achieved her goal of encouraging student initiative.
(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000. Adaptado)
Dear Jane,
Everybody says that people like to wear sunglasses. My mother has two and my sisters have many. In my opinion, sunglasses make people look artificial. My friends disagree with me. They always do that. Nobody understands me. Am I wrong?
The word Everybody in bold in the text is
The pronoun one, in the text, is classified as:
When Debbie Carr collapsed unconscious on the floor after an epileptic fit, ________ son might easily have panicked. But the youngster showed the kind of coolness in a crisis - and conversational skill - that was way beyond ________ years. ________ picked up the phone, dialled 999 and gave the operator ________ full name, _________ mother's name and the number of the house and the street where ________, lived. An ambulance was duly dispatched to Whinfield Terrace in Rowlands Gill, near Gateshead, Tyne and Wear. The operator kept ________ on the line until for around half an hour, awaiting the arrival of the ambulance.
(Adapted from: <https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-21322/The-boy-saved-mothers-life.html>)
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