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Internet: <https://www.invent.org/inductees/alexander-grahambell> (adapted).
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Internet: <https://www.invent.org/inductees/alexander-grahambell> (adapted).
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In my research recently published in an open access journal, I used a popular language model, GPT-4 by OpenAI, to create simple summaries of scientific papers. These summaries generated by artificial intelligence (AI) used simpler language and more common words, like “job” instead of “occupation”, than summaries written by the researchers who had done the work.
In one experiment, I found that readers of the AI-generated summaries had a better understanding of the science than readers of the human-written summaries. A second experiment investigated what effects the simpler summaries might have on people’s perceptions of the scientists who performed the research. In this experiment, participants rated the scientists whose work was described in the simpler texts as more credible than the scientists whose work was described in the more complex texts.
Have you ever read about a scientific discovery and felt like it was written in a foreign language? New scientific information is probably hard to understand — especially if you try to read a science article in a research journal. In an era where understanding science is crucial for informed decision- -making, the abilities to comprehend and communicate complex ideas are more important than ever. Trust in science has been declining for years, and one contributing factor may be the challenge of understanding scientific jargon.
As AI continues to evolve, its role in science communication may expand, especially if using generative AI becomes more commonplace. Simple science descriptions are preferable to and more beneficial than complex ones, and AI tools can help. But scientists could also achieve the same goals by working harder to minimize jargon and communicate clearly — no AI necessary.
(David Markowitz. https://theconversation.com, 30.10.2024. Adaptado.)
I- Don’t worry! Nobody understands nothing she says! II- Wait a minute, Doroty. There’s someone at the door. III- No one says “Hi, mom” anymore. IV- There isn’t anyone here to help you.
..............................I will finally be able to buy that huge house we saw during our last trip to Canada.
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The early development of radar was driven primarily by military imperatives, and the targets that were to be detected were mainly aircraft and ships. It was no surprise that echoes were also received from terrain and from rainstorms, but the discovery, during World War II, that birds were often detectable was less expected. As the technology developed, and specially after transmission at the shorter ‘microwave’ wavelengths became commonplace, echoes from insects were also identified. In the late 1940’s and the 1950’s, radar technology was adapted rapidly to the needs of meteorologists, while ornithologists pioneered the use of defence and air-traffic control radars to study bird migration.
Radar observations of insects, however, were relatively sparse until the early 1960’s, when radar meteorologists became rather intensely interested in a type of warm-weather echo that appeared, puzzlingly from their perspective, when there was not a cloud in sight. Perhaps spurred by the meteorologists’ observations, entomologists began their own exploitation of the technology in 1968, when a rather modest radar, built by G.W. Schaefer specifically for insect observation and operated in West Africa just south of the Sahara, proved to be very effective.
Fonte: DRAKE, V.A. and REYNOLDS, D.R. Radar Entomology: Observing Insect Flight and Mi gration. CAB Internacional, 2012.
“In recent years, no more than a week goes by without news of a cosmic discovery worthy of banner headlines. While media gatekeepers may have developed an interest in the universe, this rise in coverage likely comes from a genuine increase in the public’s appetite for science. Evidence for this abounds, from hit television shows inspired or informed by science, to the success of science fiction films starring marquee actors, and brought to the screens by celebrated producers and directors. And lately, theatrical release biopics featuring important scientists have become a genre unto itself. There´s also widespread interest around the world in science festivals, science fiction conventions, and documentaries for television.
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The Chamber of Commerce Brazil-Canada (CCBC) hosted Canada Day 2024, aimed at providing opportunities for young Brazilians who wish to do an exchange program, study, and explore the Canadian job market. The event featured representatives from the Consulate General of Canada in Brazil, who highlighted the efficiency of visa processing, allowing students to begin their studies in the country.
During the event, experts from various universities and educational institutions in Canada shared information and provided clarifications for students, offering a comprehensive view of the available opportunities.
Canada leads the list of the most sought-after destinations by Brazilians for studying abroad. According to the 2023 Belta Survey released by the Brazilian Association of Exchange Agencies, the number of Brazilian students seeking to study abroad grew by 18% in 2022 compared to the pre-pandemic period. This is because the region offers excellent quality of life, safety, and academic options, as well as work opportunities during and after studies, and the possibility of obtaining permanent residency in Canada.
For those who are thinking about studying in Canada, it is essential to pay attention to the registration deadlines offered by the institutions and to prepare the documentation, such as sending transcripts, English test results and necessary proof of income. The institutions present at the event highlighted the importance of starting the application process in advance, as soon as each university opens its applications.
Furthermore, to obtain a student visa for Canada it is necessary to follow a series of steps after receiving the acceptance letter from the educational institution and the scholarship. There are different types of visa, each suited to specific situations: the SX-1, for shortterm courses (up to 24 weeks), which requires an acceptance letter; the V-1, a tourist visa that can also be used for courses of up to 24 weeks; and the S-1 Study Permit, required for courses longer than 24 weeks.
To speed up the process, it is recommended to seek help from an exchange agency that offers guidance and support during all stages. In addition to the acceptance letter, you must have a passport valid for at least six months, demonstrate family ties in your country of origin, prove your financial capacity to support yourself in Canada during the study period and send all the necessary documentation, detailing your plans. For courses lasting more than six months, a medical examination is also required.
Disponível em: ccbc.org.br/en/publicacoes/news-ccbc/canada-offers-great-study-opportunities-for-brazilians-who-want-to-do-an-exchange-program. 17 July 2024 / news CCBC [adapted]. Acesso em: 04 out. 2024.
( ) toddlers (l. 09)
( ) encroachment (l. 42)
( ) disingenuous (l. 64)
1. crianças
2. usurpação
3. invasão
4. genuíno
5. pacifistas
6. hipócrita
A sequência correta de preenchimento dos parênteses, de cima para baixo, é
Text 2
White Blood
Doctors in Germany faced something they had never seen before. A 39-year-old patient’s blood was so pale and thick that it looked like milk. The medical condition was not a mystery. The (1) nearly comatose patient suffered from extreme hypertriglyceridemia. It is caused by too much fat in the blood.
Siphoning off the offending triglyceride molecules and returning the cleaned plasma to the body usually solves the problem. However, when staff tried the normal route, his viscous blood clogged the hospital’s filtering equipment. Not once, but twice. The problem was a record amount of triglycerides. Around 500 mg/dL is considered “high.” The man’s count read (2) an astonishing 18,000 mg/dL.
Desperate to save his life, doctors (3) resorted to an ancient remedy abandoned by modern medicinebloodletting. A good amount of the white gunk was drained and replaced with red blood cell concentrates and saline solution. It worked. (4) Although the cause of the severity is unknown, the patient’s genes, obesity, and irregular consumption of his diabetes medication might have combined to cause the mother of all hypertriglyceridemia cases.
(Source: 10 Fascinating Facts And Stories Involving Body Parts - Listverse - Adapted. Retrieved on 23rd Sep, 2024)
Select the option that provides the CORRECT sequence to replace the underlined words in Text 2, while maintaining the original meaning as closely as possible.
Binge-watching television, watching YouTube videos for hours, or scrolling on your phone every morning may seem (I) ____________, but research shows that too much screen time may be (II) ____________ to your health. [...] Too much (III) ____________ can impact our health in a myriad of ways, (IV) ____________ eye strain and neck pain (V)________social isolation and mental health issues, and in some cases, it may cause harm (VI) ____________ our brains.
(Source: Adapted from What Excessive Screen Time Does to the Adult Brain | Cognitive Enhancement (stanford.edu), retrieved on 23rd Sep, 2024)
Select the option that contains the CORRECT sequence of words to accurately complete the excerpt.
INSTRUCTION: Read the following text to answer question
Bringing Physics Into The Doctor’s Office?
Particle physics is a scientific discipline that tries to understand the tiniest building blocks of the universe. These particles are so small that we cannot see them with our eyes or even with advanced microscopes. To study them, particle physicists use huge, powerful machines called particle accelerators, which get particles moving at very high speeds and then smash them into each other. Examining what comes out of these collisions, using giant detectors, can teach scientists a lot about the tiny particles that make up atoms, like electrons and quarks, and even the famous Higgs boson. Nuclear physicists can also use and study radioactive isotopes – atoms that give off a kind of energy called radiation – in their experiments.
On the surface, particle physics and medicine might seem as different as plumbing and carpentry. But some particle physicists have the same goal as doctors – they would ultimately like to see their research improve human lives. Working together, doctors and particle physicists can combine tools and ideas from these two separate disciplines to improve the way diseases, like cancer for instance, are diagnosed and treated. When particle physicists collaborate with doctors, the sky(scraper) is the limit!
Available at: https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/
frym.2024.1302457. Accessed on: July 17, 2024.
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When Tinder (a mobile dating app) was launched on college campuses in America in 2012, it quickly became a hit. Although online dating had been around since Match.com, a website for lonely hearts, launched in 1995, it had long struggled to shed1 an image of desperation. But Tinder, by letting users sift through photos of countless potential dates with a simple swipe, made it easy and fun.
Soon Tinder and its rivals had transformed dating. A report found that 30% of American adults had used an online dating service, including more than half of those aged between 18 and 29. One in five couples of that age had met through such a service. Usage surged during the pandemic, as lonely locked- -down singles searched for partners. The market capitalisation of Bumble, a rival to Tinder, surged to $13 billion on its first day of trading2 in February 2021. Later that year the value of Match Group, which owns Tinder, Hinge and scores of other dating services, reached nearly $50 billion.
Today roughly 350 million people around the world have a dating app on their phone, up from 250 million in 2018, according to a research firm. In June 2024 Tokyo’s government even said it would launch a matchmaking app of its own to pair up singles in the city. Yet lately online dating has lost its spark. The apps were downloaded 237 million times globally in 2023, down from 287 million in 2020. According to a research firm, the number of people who use them at least once a month has dwindled from 154 million in 2021 to 137 million in the second quarter of 2024.
(www.economist.com, 08.08.2024. Adaptado.)
1 to shed: to get rid of something that is no longer wanted.
2 trading: the activity of buying and selling things.
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(www.alexhallatt.com. Adaptado.)
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