Questões de Vestibular
Sobre palavras conectivas | connective words em inglês
Foram encontradas 99 questões
Q4148620
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia a resenha crítica do filme Joker, publicada no website
da Rodgers Memorial Library, para responder à questão.
Arthur Fleck (Joaquin Phoenix) is a mentally ill man who
laughs uncontrollably. He works as a clown, gets help from
a social assistant, lives with his mother, and wants to be a
comedian. As the movie progresses, Arthur feels betrayal
from everyone around him, pushing him to a breaking point
as his support system collapses.
Joker is an unusual comic book movie in the sense that
it is a character study. Inspired in part by Martin Scorsese
films like King of Comedy and Taxi Driver, Joker looks at the
need for affection and identity. This contrasts heavily with
action-packed superhero movies. It’s a serious, disturbing
movie that opens itself to critical thinking, not all of it pleasant
as exemplified when Arthur, in a moment of exasperation,
tells his social assistant “All I have are negative thoughts.”
Usually, the Joker is defined by his relationship with
Batman. Bruce Wayne (Batman’s real self) and his family play
an important part in Joker, yet another rich family could be
substituted without changing the plot much. Fleck’s journey is
not as connected to his traditional comic book role as in other
movies and the audience is challenged to ask if he is a villain
or a victim.
(Rodgers Memorial Library. https://sites.google.com. Adaptado.)
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo “Fleck’s journey is not as
connected to his traditional comic book role as in other movies
and the audience is challenged to ask if he is a villain or a
victim”, os termos sublinhados expressam
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
FCM/SANTA CASA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - FCM/SANTA CASA - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q4148432
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the quote by Louisa May Alcott to answer question.
(https://quotefancy.com)
In the quote “I am not afraid of storms for I am learning how to
sail my ship”, the term “for” is used with the same meaning as
the underlined term in:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
FCM/SANTA CASA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - FCM/SANTA CASA - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q4148428
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text to answer question.
New York Giants1 wide receiver Malik Nabers has not
practiced while recovering from a persisting toe injury. While
the concussion has affected his availability thus far, Giants
coach Brian Daboll said there were no concerns about
Nabers potentially missing training camp. Nabers’ toe injury
dates back to his days at Louisiana State University (LSU),
though it does not require a procedural fix. It didn’t cause
him to miss any time as a rookie2 with the Giants in 2024.
He was sidelined for two games while recovering from a
concussion. In spite of that, Nabers still made the All-Rookie
Team and earned a Pro Bowl3 bid after catching 109 passes
for 1,204 yards and seven touchdowns. He broke New York’s
single-season receptions record in the process, surpassing
Steve Smith, and set the National Football League (NFL) record for most receptions by a rookie.
(Will Backus. www.cbssports.com, 18.06.2025. Adapted.)
1New York Giants: a professional American football team.
2 rookie: any player who is in their first season playing professional football,
having never signed a contract with a professional team before.
3Pro Bowl: the NFL’s annual all-star game, showcasing the league’s top
players.
In the excerpt from the text “While the concussion has affected his availability thus far, Giants coach Brian Daboll said there were no concerns about Nabers potentially missing training camp”, the underlined word expresses
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNIFIPA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UNIFIPA - Vestibular Medicina - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q3966815
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto e analise o gráfico para responder à questão.
Life Expectancy (1900-2023)
People are living longer. In 1900, the average life
expectancy of a newborn was 32 years. By 2021 this had
more than doubled to 71 years.
The large reduction in child mortality has played
an important role in increasing life expectancy. But life
expectancy has increased at all ages. Infants, children,
adults, and the elderly are all less likely to die than in the
past, and death is being delayed. This remarkable shift
results from advances in medicine, public health, and living
standards. Along with it, many predictions of the “limit” of life
expectancy have been broken.
(Saloni Dattani et al. https://ourworldindata.org, 2023. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the second paragraph, “Along with it,
many predictions of the ‘limit’ of life expectancy have been
broken”, the underlined expression can be replaced, without
meaning change, by:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNIFIPA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UNIFIPA - Vestibular Medicina - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q3966809
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Admixture’s impact on Brazilian population
evolution and health
Brazil is a vast continental country home to the largest
population in Latin America and boasts the world’s largest
recently admixed population1
. The colonization process
brought approximately 5 million Europeans to Brazil,
alongside the forced migration of at least 5 million Africans
and the decimation of Indigenous populations, which once
included more than 10 million people speaking more than
1000 languages. This distinctive historical interplay shaped
a complex mosaic of genetic diversity, underscoring the
importance of detailed genomic studies. Nevertheless,
similar to other populations in the Global South2
, the Brazilian
population remains notably underrepresented in genomic
research, where there is a lack of studies investigating the
effects of this population’s admixture on its evolution, diversity,
and health status.
To address these gaps, a research group generated
2723 high-coverage whole-genome sequences of the
Brazilian population, encompassing urban, rural, and riverine
communities from all five geographical regions of Brazil.
This dataset reflects a diverse group of ethnic backgrounds,
including Afro-Brazilians and descendants of Indigenous
people, and provides a comprehensive representation of
Brazilian genomic diversity.
(Kelly Nunes et al. www.science.org, 15.05.2025. Adaptado.)
1admixed population: group of individuals formed through interbreeding
of two or more previously isolated populations.
2Global South: a group of countries mainly located in the Southern
Hemisphere that are often characterized as developing, less developed
or underdeveloped.
In the excerpt from the first paragraph “Nevertheless, similar
to other populations in the Global South”, the underlined word
expresses
Ano: 2025
Banca:
ECONRIO
Órgão:
FACMAR
Prova:
ECONRIO - 2025 - FACMAR - Vestibular Medicina - Primeiro Semestre 2026 |
Q3902320
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXTO 1
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON SELF-IDENTITY FORMATION: A PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Berumen Victoria
Available at: https://www.stasson.org/the-impact-of-social-media-on-self-identity-formation-a-psychological-and-sociological-perspective/. Accessed August 30th, 2025. (Adapted).
Still, this virtual social landscape can also lead to shallow interactions, with the quantity of connections
often overshadowing the quality of relationships. (l. 12-14)
The discourse marker “still” that opens this sentence helps convey the following idea:
The discourse marker “still” that opens this sentence helps convey the following idea:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNESP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UNESP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais - Primeiro Semestre |
Q3857482
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Dr. Mariangela Hungria will receive the $500,000 award for her work to utilize biological processes to sustainably improve crop1 nutrition, yields2 and productivity. The scientist whose discoveries helped Brazil become a global agricultural powerhouse has been named the 2025 World Food Prize Laureate.
Dr. Mariangela Hungria, a microbiologist from São Paulo, has developed dozens of biological seed and soil treatments that help crops source nutrients through soil bacteria, significantly increasing yields of major crops while also reducing the need for synthetic fertilizer. Her products are estimated to have been used across more than 40 million hectares in Brazil, saving farmers up to US$40 billion a year in costs while avoiding more than 180 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions per year.
Dr. Hungria’s work has helped improve yields of wheat, corn, rice, common beans, and other major crops, including soybean, which is now Brazil’s top agricultural export. Over her 40-year career with the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), national soybean production increased from 15 million tons in 1979 to an anticipated 173 million tons in the next harvest3 in 2025.
Dr. Hungria, who overcame prejudices against women and young mothers in academia to be named one of the 100 most powerful women in agriculture in Brazil by Forbes magazine in 2021, said she was inspired by Dr. Norman Borlaug, the father of the Green Revolution and founder of the World Food Prize. “I like to say that he made the Green Revolution possible, and we had this great opportunity to start a ‘micro green revolution’ — a green revolution, but with microorganisms,” she added. “I can’t quite believe I am now receiving the World Food Prize. Many people questioned me and my abilities throughout my career but I believed in what I was doing and persevered. The role of women in agriculture, from farming to science, deserves more recognition. I hope my achievement inspires others to pursue their passions in science.”
(www.worldfoodprize.org, 13.05.2025. Adaptado.)
1crop: cultivated plant that is grown as food, especially grain, fruit or vegetable.
2yields: the full amounts of an agricultural product.
3harvest: the crops that are cut and collected.
No trecho do segundo parágrafo “saving farmers up to
US$40 billion a year in costs while avoiding more than
180 million metric tons of CO2
equivalent emissions per year”,
o termo sublinhado indica
Q3840968
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text I below and answer the question that
follow it.
Text I
Jonathan Haidt: How to make the 'anxious generation' happy
again
Academics researching wellbeing have for a long time almost
unanimously agreed on one thing: over the typical lifetime,
happiness tends to follow a U-shaped curve, peaking at 30,
plummeting at age 50, before spiking again after 70. It’s a pattern
replicated using data going back as far as the 1970s in almost 150
countries.
But around 2011, researchers noticed an astonishing reversal in
this trend. “This empirical regularity has been replaced by a
monotonic decrease in ill-being by age,” they reported in an
NBER working paper. In plain English, younger people today are
unhappier, both compared to previous generations and to their
older peers. Or, to quote the title of the most recent book from
Jonathan Haidt, Professor of Ethical Leadership at New York
University, they are the anxious generation […].
Today, rather than playing with their friends, kids stay at home
on their devices. Instead of hearing chatter and laughter in the
corridor of schools, we hear the gentle tapping of screens. The
social isolation many of us experienced during pandemic-induced
lockdowns was nothing new for children, Haidt said. “They began
social distancing as soon as they got smartphones.”
The good news for parents is that, while this trend is worrying, it
is not inevitable. There are things we can do. “We can turn this
around with four new norms,” Haidt proposed.
The first norm is a commitment to not give our children a
smartphone until they are at least 14. “Give them a flip-phone if
you want to, so they can call and text you,” he said. “But don’t
give the entire world access to your child.” The second is to not
allow our children to use social media until they are at least 16.
“Social media is wildly inappropriate for children — you have
strangers trying to talk to them, cyberbullying, explosive drama.”
The third norm is that schools should be a phone-free
environment. “All schools need to be phone free from bell to bell
— from the morning when kids arrive to the end when they
leave,” Haidt explained.
And finally, the fourth norm involves going back to a time where
parents felt more comfortable letting their kids walk to the shops
or play outside with friends. “The fourth norm is to give them
much more independence in the real world,” he said. “Ultimately,
our mission is to restore childhood: the kind of wonderful, fun,
exciting childhood we all had, which was full of conflicts, failures,
exploration, adventure, risk-taking, thrills and all those emotions
that you experienced not with your parents, but when you were
out, away from your secure home base.”
Adapted from https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/01/jonathan-haidt-digitaltechnology-social-media-childhood/
The phrase “as soon as” in “as soon as they got smartphones” (3rd
paragraph) indicates
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CECIERJ
Órgão:
CEDERJ
Prova:
CECIERJ - 2025 - CEDERJ - Vestibular - Segundo Semestre |
Q3776532
Inglês
Texto associado
Bill Gates and his vision of the future of jobs
with AI
By Clément Pessaux
April 29, 2025
According to Bill Gates, artificial intelligence is
about to redefine the job market. Among the
professions likely to be widely replaced, Gates
directly mentions doctors and teachers. Why
these specific sectors? AI has the ability to take
on complex tasks such as medical diagnosis or
personalized learning, making these services
more accessible. In fact, in some developing
countries where access to education and
healthcare remains limited, such advancements
could transform daily life.
But this progress raises concerns. Can we
really do without human empathy in these
fields? And what about the judgment or
sensitivity that a machine can never fully
reproduce?
On the other hand, there are professions that AI
does not seem ready to replace. Gates
specifically mentions energy experts, biologists,
and developers. These jobs require specialized
expertise, as well as creativity and constant
adaptability in the face of environmental or
technological challenges.
Creativity, strategic thinking, and empathy
remain areas where humans will always have
the upper hand. Although he recognizes the
immense potential of AI, Gates also emphasizes the limits and the need to think
about its deployment by keeping humans at the
center of priorities.
Available at: https://3dvf.com/en/bill-gates-predicts-ai-willreplace-humans-in-almost-all-fields-except-these-jobs/ Access:
03 may 2025. Adapted.
In the sentence “But this progress raises
concerns.”, the connector “but” expresses:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos)
Órgão:
FAME
Prova:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos) - 2025 - FAME - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre - Medicina |
Q3747587
Inglês
Texto associado
INSTRUCTION: Read the following text to answer the questions.
What is fatal familial insomnia?
In the mid‑1980s, a family with a mysterious problem lived
in a small town in Italy. For many years, members of this
family had trouble sleeping, but no one knew why. One day,
a family member named Silvano decided to find out what
was causing this strange problem. Silvano traveled to the
city of Bologna to meet with the best sleep doctors. He told
them all about his family’s mystery.
The doctors were intrigued by Silvano’s story and
immediately began to study his case. After much research,
the doctors discovered something never seen before:
a tiny change in a special gene passed down from
generation to generation in Silvano’s family, which stopped
them from sleeping. They called this disease fatal familial
insomnia (FFI).
Fatal familial insomnia is an extremely rare disease.
Like many other rare diseases, FFI is passed on through
the DNA from parents to their children. The symptoms
of FFI start slowly and get worse over time. People with
FFI start to have difficulty falling and / or staying asleep,
and then, as it gets worse, they may suddenly fall
asleep without warning. People with FFI also tend to
develop other problems like a fast heartbeat; high blood
pressure; hormonal, mood and behavior swings; anxiety;
excessive sweating; and trouble thinking clearly and
moving their bodies. The symptoms usually start between
the ages of 51 and 60, although rarely they can start as
early as 18 – 20 years old. FFI affects both men and
women equally. To date, more than 70 families around the
world have been found to have FFI.
[...]
Although there is still no cure for FFI, research is
happening all over the world. Researchers are working to
find new pieces to help them solve the complex puzzle of
FFI and to develop treatments that can improve the lives
of those affected. Ongoing research aims to understand
the underlying mechanisms of FFI, especially how genetic
mutations change healthy prion proteins into abnormal
ones and how the buildup of abnormal prions in the brain
causes FFI symptoms. This understanding is essential for
developing effective therapies.
Additionally, researchers are searching for biomarkers of
FFI. Biomarkers are things that can be measured through
blood tests or brain scans, for example, that indicate
the presence of a disease or the risk of developing it.
Biomarkers could help doctors to diagnose FFI earlier and
to track how it changes over time.
In terms of developing therapies for FFI, gene therapy is
a promising approach that aims to fix or replace defective
genes. Gene therapy could eventually improve patients’
quality of life. Researchers are also studying drugs that
might stop or slow down the buildup of PrPSc in the brain.
New drugs are first tested on animals to see if they work
and are safe, and drugs that pass these initial tests are
then tested on people. With effective new medicines,
it might be possible to slow down or even stop FFI.
Available at: https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frym.2025.1523273. Accessed on: Aug 4th, 2025. [Adapted]
The word although in the sentence “Although there is still
no cure for FFI, research is happening all over the world.”
refers to
Q4139994
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text III and answer the question that follow it.
Text III
How ghost cities in the Amazon
are rewriting the story of civilisation
Try to imagine an environment largely untouched by humans
and the Amazon rainforest might spring to mind. After all, large
swathes of this South American landscape are blanketed in thick
vegetation, suggesting it is one corner of the world that humans
never managed to tame. Here, there must have been no
deforestation, no agricultural revolution and no cities. It seems
like a pristine environment.
Or so we thought. But a very different picture is emerging.
Archaeologists working with Indigenous communities have been
shown crumbling urban remains and remote sensing technologies
such as LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) are revealing the
footprints of vast ghost cities. With so much evidence of ancient
human activity, it is now thought the pre-Columbian Amazon was
inhabited by millions of people – some living in large built-up
areas complete with road networks, temples and pyramids.
But that’s not all this research reveals. Paradoxically, it also
provides evidence that the traditional view of the Amazon isn’t
completely wide of the mark. For instance, while the ancient
Amazonians managed their landscape intensively, they didn’t
deforest it. And although they developed complex societies, they
never went through a wholesale agricultural revolution. This
might suggest that the pre-Columbian Amazonians broke the
mould of human cultural development, which is traditionally seen
as a relentless march from hunting and gathering to farming to
urban complexity. The truth is more surprising. In fact, we are
now coming to understand that there was no such mould –
civilisation arose in myriad ways. What looks like an anomaly in
the Amazon is actually a shining example of a process that was as
vibrant and diverse as the rainforest itself.
Adapted from: https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg26334980-500-how-ghostcities-in-the-amazon-are-rewriting-the-story-of-civilisation/
The extract This might suggest (3rd paragraph) indicates
Q3746318
Inglês
Texto associado
“In recent years, no more than a week goes by without news of a cosmic discovery worthy of banner headlines. While media gatekeepers may have developed an interest in the universe, this rise in coverage likely comes from a genuine increase in the public’s appetite for science. Evidence for this abounds, from hit television shows inspired or informed by science, to the success of science fiction films starring marquee actors, and brought to the screens by celebrated producers and directors. And lately, theatrical release biopics featuring important scientists have become a genre unto itself. There´s also widespread interest around the world in science festivals, science fiction conventions, and documentaries for television.
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.
“In recent years, no more than a week goes by without news of a cosmic discovery worthy of banner headlines. While media gatekeepers may have developed an interest in the universe, this rise in coverage likely comes from a genuine increase in the public’s appetite for science. Evidence for this abounds, from hit television shows inspired or informed by science, to the success of science fiction films starring marquee actors, and brought to the screens by celebrated producers and directors. And lately, theatrical release biopics featuring important scientists have become a genre unto itself. There´s also widespread interest around the world in science festivals, science fiction conventions, and documentaries for television.
The highest grossing film of all time is by a famous director who set his story on a planet
orbiting a distant star. And it features a famous actress who plays an astrobiologist. While
most branches of science have ascended in this era, the field of astrophysics persistently
rises to the top. I think I know why. At one time or another every one of us has looked up at
night sky and wondered: What does it all mean? How does it all work? And, what is my place
in the universe? [...]”
Fonte: TYSON, Neil DeGrasse. Astrophysics for people in a hurry. United States of America: W.
W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2017.
No excerto retirado do segundo parágrafo do texto, “While most branches of science have ascended in this era, the field of astrophysics persistently rises to the top”, o termo WHILE estabelece, entre as orações, a ideia de
Q3510103
Inglês
Disponível em: https://www.gocomics.com/aunty-acid/2024/03/08. Acesso em: 08 mar. 2024.
The conjunction “because” in the comic expresses
Ano: 2024
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
FAMERP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2024 - FAMERP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q3352137
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto e examine o gráfico para responder à questão.
When Tinder (a mobile dating app) was launched on college campuses in America in 2012, it quickly became a hit. Although online dating had been around since Match.com, a website for lonely hearts, launched in 1995, it had long struggled to shed1 an image of desperation. But Tinder, by letting users sift through photos of countless potential dates with a simple swipe, made it easy and fun.
Soon Tinder and its rivals had transformed dating. A report found that 30% of American adults had used an online dating service, including more than half of those aged between 18 and 29. One in five couples of that age had met through such a service. Usage surged during the pandemic, as lonely locked- -down singles searched for partners. The market capitalisation of Bumble, a rival to Tinder, surged to $13 billion on its first day of trading2 in February 2021. Later that year the value of Match Group, which owns Tinder, Hinge and scores of other dating services, reached nearly $50 billion.
Today roughly 350 million people around the world have a dating app on their phone, up from 250 million in 2018, according to a research firm. In June 2024 Tokyo’s government even said it would launch a matchmaking app of its own to pair up singles in the city. Yet lately online dating has lost its spark. The apps were downloaded 237 million times globally in 2023, down from 287 million in 2020. According to a research firm, the number of people who use them at least once a month has dwindled from 154 million in 2021 to 137 million in the second quarter of 2024.
(www.economist.com, 08.08.2024. Adaptado.)
1 to shed: to get rid of something that is no longer wanted.
2 trading: the activity of buying and selling things.
No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “But Tinder, by letting users
sift through photos of countless potential dates with a simple
swipe, made it easy and fun”, o termo sublinhado é empregado
com o mesmo sentido do termo sublinhado em:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNESP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2024 - UNESP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q3352060
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto e examine os gráficos para responder à questão.
If you’re a chocoholic you may have noticed that your
habit has lately become more expensive. The price of cocoa
began creeping up in the second half of 2022. Since then
it has doubled, reaching an all-time high in January 2024.
That steep rise spells trouble for the chocolate business and
sweet-toothed consumers alike.
Climate patterns are partly to blame for rising costs. Cocoa
is mostly produced by small farmers in West Africa. Ghana
and Ivory Coast grow about 60% of the world’s crop.
Last season, in 2023, the El Niño weather pattern led to
unseasonably high temperatures and rainfall that ravaged
crops. Total rainfall in Ivory Coast’s cocoa-growing areas
in 2023 was the highest in 20 years, according to Gro
Intelligence, a data firm.
This year El Niño has brought severe drought to the cocoa
farms, reducing production further. ING, a bank, estimates
that this year the gap between global production and
consumption will be at its widest since at least 2014. Extreme
weather patterns have hit other commodities, too. Droughts
in Thailand and India are affecting rice plantations. Torrential
rain in Brazil, the world’s biggest sugar exporter, has affected
its exports. Besides, other price pressures are specific to the
cocoa industry. Swollen-shoot virus and black-pod disease —
killers of cocoa trees — spread across Ghana and Ivory Coast
during heavy rainfall last year. Tropical Research Services,
a research company, estimates that by the end of 2023 the
swollen-shoot virus had infected around 20% of Ivory Coast’s
cocoa trees.
(www.economist.com, 28.02.2024. Adaptado.)
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo “Besides, other price pressures
are specific to the cocoa industry”, o termo sublinhado pode
ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por:
Q4163403
Inglês
Texto associado
Adapted from: STEWART, I. Why Beauty is Truth – The History of Symmetry. Cambridge, MA: Basic Books, 2007. p. 275-276.
Consider the following propositions for
rephrasing the segment It may not matter
directly for everyday life, but it surely
matters to humanity as a whole (l. 42-44).
I - It surely matters to humanity as a whole, however it may not matter directly for everyday life.
II - Though it may not matter directly for everyday life, it surely matters to humanity as a whole.
III- Despite it may matter directly for everyday life, it surely matters to humanity as a whole.
If applied to the text, which ones would be correct and keep the original meaning?
I - It surely matters to humanity as a whole, however it may not matter directly for everyday life.
II - Though it may not matter directly for everyday life, it surely matters to humanity as a whole.
III- Despite it may matter directly for everyday life, it surely matters to humanity as a whole.
If applied to the text, which ones would be correct and keep the original meaning?
Q4163397
Inglês
Texto associado
Adapted from: STEWART, I. Why Beauty is Truth – The History of Symmetry. Cambridge, MA: Basic Books, 2007. p. 275-276.
Select the alternative in which all propositions
would suitably fill in the gap in line 21.
Q4162867
Inglês
Texto associado
Instrução: A questão está relacionada ao texto abaixo.
Adapted from: DEHAENE, Stanislas. How we learn: Why brains learn better than any machine… for now. New York: Viking Press, 2020.
Select the alternative that adequately fills in
the blank in line 30.
Q4150348
Inglês
Texto associado
British workers are increasingly likely to work into their
70s, according to a research that found the cost of living
crisis has left older people with little choice but to stay in
employment. There were 446,601 people above the age of 70
still in work in 2022, a rise of 61% compared with 277,926 in
2012, said Rest Less, an online community for the over-50s
that offers advice to older workers.
While most of the over-70s workforce is male, the rise has
been more significant among women, most likely in response
to the gradual equalisation of pension ages between 2010
and 2020. Women were previously able to retire five years
earlier. The number of women working beyond the age of 70
is up 66% since 2012, compared with an increase of 58% for
men.
Stuart Lewis, the chief executive of Rest Less, drew a
comparison between older workers and King Charles, but
acknowledged that most continue working “for very different
reasons” to the hereditary monarch. “At the age of 74, King
Charles is a fantastic example of someone who both enjoys,
and benefits from, continuing to work post-state pension1
age,” said Lewis. “Our latest analysis shows that there are
far more over-70s in the workplace today than a decade ago.
Until Covid hit and life expectancy dropped for the first time
in a decade, there were more people reaching their state
pension age than ever before, which meant there were more
experienced people in the workplace than ever before too.”
Lewis said many of those reaching the theoretical age of
retirement were staying in the workplace for lack of any other
option. “Like King Charles, many of these people will have no
choice but to work, although for very different reasons to the
king. We see many older workers today who are struggling
to survive amidst the cost of living crisis, with inadequate
retirement savings meaning they must work in order to survive
financially.” The state pension age in the United Kingdom (UK)
is 66 for men and women but is due to start rising from 2026.
(Rob Davies. www.theguardian.com, 30.04.2023. Adaptado.)
1
state pension: a regular payment from the government to someone
who does not work anymore.
No trecho do quarto parágrafo “in order to survive financially”,
a expressão sublinhada transmite a ideia de
Ano: 2023
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
FCM/SANTA CASA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2023 - FCM/SANTA CASA - Vestibular - Medicina |
Q4149752
Inglês
Texto associado
Some of the world’s leading artificial intelligence (AI)
researchers are calling for a pause on research into AI,
claiming that safety issues must first be urgently addressed.
If not, the outcomes could be devastating for humanity.
Others say any pause in development would not only be
impractical to enforce on a global scale, but could also stand
in the way of advances that could both improve and save
lives.
The AI that is currently available already has the power
to radically alter society, in new ways that we are seeing
every day. So how might it progress over the coming years?
Are we on the brink of an artificial intelligence-powered
utopia or dystopia?
Firstly, technology has been automating jobs since the
Industrial Revolution, though never before has it happened
on this scale. Everyone from truck drivers to voice over artists
are at risk of being replaced by AI. A recent study found that
just over 30 jobs are considered safe from automation in the
near future. They range from mechanics to athletes, though
they represent just a sliver of the current labour market.
While new jobs will be created, there is a significant chance
that the majority of the population will be left jobless. This
could either lead to:
Utopia: A new leisure class emerges, living off a
universal basic income funded by taxes on robots and the
companies that operate them.
Dystopia: Mass unemployment results in social unrest,
similar to the way laid off factory workers trashed the
machines that replaced them. With so many jobs at risk and
the potential for huge wealth inequality, some fear it could
ultimately result in societal collapse.
Secondly, artificial intelligence is already contributing
to major scientific advances, dramatically accelerating
the time it takes to make discoveries. It has been used to
invent millions of materials that did not previously exist, find
potential drug molecules 1,000 times faster than previous
methods, and improve our understanding of the universe.
This could either lead to:
Utopia: Cancer and all other life-threatening diseases
are cured, leading to a new age of health and prosperity.
Scientists are already using AI tools to make breakthroughs
in longevity medicine, which aims to end or even reverse
ageing.
Dystopia: The same AI-enabled technology could
be used for malevolent purposes, creating entirely new
diseases and viruses. These could be used as bioweapons,
capable of devastating populations that don’t have access to
cures or the tech needed to develop them.
(Anthony Cuthbertson. www.independent.co.uk, 03.05.2023. Adaptado.)
O termo “while”, no trecho do terceiro parágrafo “While new
jobs will be created, there is a significant chance that the
majority of the population will be left jobless”, é empregado
com o mesmo sentido em:
Conheça nossos planos