Questões de Vestibular
Sobre palavras conectivas | connective words em inglês
Foram encontradas 80 questões
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNIFIPA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UNIFIPA - Vestibular Medicina - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q3966815
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto e analise o gráfico para responder à questão.
Life Expectancy (1900-2023)
People are living longer. In 1900, the average life
expectancy of a newborn was 32 years. By 2021 this had
more than doubled to 71 years.
The large reduction in child mortality has played
an important role in increasing life expectancy. But life
expectancy has increased at all ages. Infants, children,
adults, and the elderly are all less likely to die than in the
past, and death is being delayed. This remarkable shift
results from advances in medicine, public health, and living
standards. Along with it, many predictions of the “limit” of life
expectancy have been broken.
(Saloni Dattani et al. https://ourworldindata.org, 2023. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the second paragraph, “Along with it,
many predictions of the ‘limit’ of life expectancy have been
broken”, the underlined expression can be replaced, without
meaning change, by:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNIFIPA
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UNIFIPA - Vestibular Medicina - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q3966809
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Admixture’s impact on Brazilian population
evolution and health
Brazil is a vast continental country home to the largest
population in Latin America and boasts the world’s largest
recently admixed population1
. The colonization process
brought approximately 5 million Europeans to Brazil,
alongside the forced migration of at least 5 million Africans
and the decimation of Indigenous populations, which once
included more than 10 million people speaking more than
1000 languages. This distinctive historical interplay shaped
a complex mosaic of genetic diversity, underscoring the
importance of detailed genomic studies. Nevertheless,
similar to other populations in the Global South2
, the Brazilian
population remains notably underrepresented in genomic
research, where there is a lack of studies investigating the
effects of this population’s admixture on its evolution, diversity,
and health status.
To address these gaps, a research group generated
2723 high-coverage whole-genome sequences of the
Brazilian population, encompassing urban, rural, and riverine
communities from all five geographical regions of Brazil.
This dataset reflects a diverse group of ethnic backgrounds,
including Afro-Brazilians and descendants of Indigenous
people, and provides a comprehensive representation of
Brazilian genomic diversity.
(Kelly Nunes et al. www.science.org, 15.05.2025. Adaptado.)
1admixed population: group of individuals formed through interbreeding
of two or more previously isolated populations.
2Global South: a group of countries mainly located in the Southern
Hemisphere that are often characterized as developing, less developed
or underdeveloped.
In the excerpt from the first paragraph “Nevertheless, similar
to other populations in the Global South”, the underlined word
expresses
Ano: 2025
Banca:
ECONRIO
Órgão:
FACMAR
Prova:
ECONRIO - 2025 - FACMAR - Vestibular Medicina - Primeiro Semestre 2026 |
Q3902320
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXTO 1
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON SELF-IDENTITY FORMATION: A PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Berumen Victoria
Available at: https://www.stasson.org/the-impact-of-social-media-on-self-identity-formation-a-psychological-and-sociological-perspective/. Accessed August 30th, 2025. (Adapted).
Still, this virtual social landscape can also lead to shallow interactions, with the quantity of connections
often overshadowing the quality of relationships. (l. 12-14)
The discourse marker “still” that opens this sentence helps convey the following idea:
The discourse marker “still” that opens this sentence helps convey the following idea:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNESP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2025 - UNESP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais - Primeiro Semestre |
Q3857482
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Dr. Mariangela Hungria will receive the $500,000 award for her work to utilize biological processes to sustainably improve crop1 nutrition, yields2 and productivity. The scientist whose discoveries helped Brazil become a global agricultural powerhouse has been named the 2025 World Food Prize Laureate.
Dr. Mariangela Hungria, a microbiologist from São Paulo, has developed dozens of biological seed and soil treatments that help crops source nutrients through soil bacteria, significantly increasing yields of major crops while also reducing the need for synthetic fertilizer. Her products are estimated to have been used across more than 40 million hectares in Brazil, saving farmers up to US$40 billion a year in costs while avoiding more than 180 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions per year.
Dr. Hungria’s work has helped improve yields of wheat, corn, rice, common beans, and other major crops, including soybean, which is now Brazil’s top agricultural export. Over her 40-year career with the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), national soybean production increased from 15 million tons in 1979 to an anticipated 173 million tons in the next harvest3 in 2025.
Dr. Hungria, who overcame prejudices against women and young mothers in academia to be named one of the 100 most powerful women in agriculture in Brazil by Forbes magazine in 2021, said she was inspired by Dr. Norman Borlaug, the father of the Green Revolution and founder of the World Food Prize. “I like to say that he made the Green Revolution possible, and we had this great opportunity to start a ‘micro green revolution’ — a green revolution, but with microorganisms,” she added. “I can’t quite believe I am now receiving the World Food Prize. Many people questioned me and my abilities throughout my career but I believed in what I was doing and persevered. The role of women in agriculture, from farming to science, deserves more recognition. I hope my achievement inspires others to pursue their passions in science.”
(www.worldfoodprize.org, 13.05.2025. Adaptado.)
1crop: cultivated plant that is grown as food, especially grain, fruit or vegetable.
2yields: the full amounts of an agricultural product.
3harvest: the crops that are cut and collected.
No trecho do segundo parágrafo “saving farmers up to
US$40 billion a year in costs while avoiding more than
180 million metric tons of CO2
equivalent emissions per year”,
o termo sublinhado indica
Q3840968
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text I below and answer the question that
follow it.
Text I
Jonathan Haidt: How to make the 'anxious generation' happy
again
Academics researching wellbeing have for a long time almost
unanimously agreed on one thing: over the typical lifetime,
happiness tends to follow a U-shaped curve, peaking at 30,
plummeting at age 50, before spiking again after 70. It’s a pattern
replicated using data going back as far as the 1970s in almost 150
countries.
But around 2011, researchers noticed an astonishing reversal in
this trend. “This empirical regularity has been replaced by a
monotonic decrease in ill-being by age,” they reported in an
NBER working paper. In plain English, younger people today are
unhappier, both compared to previous generations and to their
older peers. Or, to quote the title of the most recent book from
Jonathan Haidt, Professor of Ethical Leadership at New York
University, they are the anxious generation […].
Today, rather than playing with their friends, kids stay at home
on their devices. Instead of hearing chatter and laughter in the
corridor of schools, we hear the gentle tapping of screens. The
social isolation many of us experienced during pandemic-induced
lockdowns was nothing new for children, Haidt said. “They began
social distancing as soon as they got smartphones.”
The good news for parents is that, while this trend is worrying, it
is not inevitable. There are things we can do. “We can turn this
around with four new norms,” Haidt proposed.
The first norm is a commitment to not give our children a
smartphone until they are at least 14. “Give them a flip-phone if
you want to, so they can call and text you,” he said. “But don’t
give the entire world access to your child.” The second is to not
allow our children to use social media until they are at least 16.
“Social media is wildly inappropriate for children — you have
strangers trying to talk to them, cyberbullying, explosive drama.”
The third norm is that schools should be a phone-free
environment. “All schools need to be phone free from bell to bell
— from the morning when kids arrive to the end when they
leave,” Haidt explained.
And finally, the fourth norm involves going back to a time where
parents felt more comfortable letting their kids walk to the shops
or play outside with friends. “The fourth norm is to give them
much more independence in the real world,” he said. “Ultimately,
our mission is to restore childhood: the kind of wonderful, fun,
exciting childhood we all had, which was full of conflicts, failures,
exploration, adventure, risk-taking, thrills and all those emotions
that you experienced not with your parents, but when you were
out, away from your secure home base.”
Adapted from https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/01/jonathan-haidt-digitaltechnology-social-media-childhood/
The phrase “as soon as” in “as soon as they got smartphones” (3rd
paragraph) indicates
Ano: 2025
Banca:
CECIERJ
Órgão:
CEDERJ
Prova:
CECIERJ - 2025 - CEDERJ - Vestibular - Segundo Semestre |
Q3776532
Inglês
Texto associado
Bill Gates and his vision of the future of jobs
with AI
By Clément Pessaux
April 29, 2025
According to Bill Gates, artificial intelligence is
about to redefine the job market. Among the
professions likely to be widely replaced, Gates
directly mentions doctors and teachers. Why
these specific sectors? AI has the ability to take
on complex tasks such as medical diagnosis or
personalized learning, making these services
more accessible. In fact, in some developing
countries where access to education and
healthcare remains limited, such advancements
could transform daily life.
But this progress raises concerns. Can we
really do without human empathy in these
fields? And what about the judgment or
sensitivity that a machine can never fully
reproduce?
On the other hand, there are professions that AI
does not seem ready to replace. Gates
specifically mentions energy experts, biologists,
and developers. These jobs require specialized
expertise, as well as creativity and constant
adaptability in the face of environmental or
technological challenges.
Creativity, strategic thinking, and empathy
remain areas where humans will always have
the upper hand. Although he recognizes the
immense potential of AI, Gates also emphasizes the limits and the need to think
about its deployment by keeping humans at the
center of priorities.
Available at: https://3dvf.com/en/bill-gates-predicts-ai-willreplace-humans-in-almost-all-fields-except-these-jobs/ Access:
03 may 2025. Adapted.
In the sentence “But this progress raises
concerns.”, the connector “but” expresses:
Ano: 2025
Banca:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos)
Órgão:
FAME
Prova:
FUNDEP (Gestão de Concursos) - 2025 - FAME - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre - Medicina |
Q3747587
Inglês
Texto associado
INSTRUCTION: Read the following text to answer the questions.
What is fatal familial insomnia?
In the mid‑1980s, a family with a mysterious problem lived
in a small town in Italy. For many years, members of this
family had trouble sleeping, but no one knew why. One day,
a family member named Silvano decided to find out what
was causing this strange problem. Silvano traveled to the
city of Bologna to meet with the best sleep doctors. He told
them all about his family’s mystery.
The doctors were intrigued by Silvano’s story and
immediately began to study his case. After much research,
the doctors discovered something never seen before:
a tiny change in a special gene passed down from
generation to generation in Silvano’s family, which stopped
them from sleeping. They called this disease fatal familial
insomnia (FFI).
Fatal familial insomnia is an extremely rare disease.
Like many other rare diseases, FFI is passed on through
the DNA from parents to their children. The symptoms
of FFI start slowly and get worse over time. People with
FFI start to have difficulty falling and / or staying asleep,
and then, as it gets worse, they may suddenly fall
asleep without warning. People with FFI also tend to
develop other problems like a fast heartbeat; high blood
pressure; hormonal, mood and behavior swings; anxiety;
excessive sweating; and trouble thinking clearly and
moving their bodies. The symptoms usually start between
the ages of 51 and 60, although rarely they can start as
early as 18 – 20 years old. FFI affects both men and
women equally. To date, more than 70 families around the
world have been found to have FFI.
[...]
Although there is still no cure for FFI, research is
happening all over the world. Researchers are working to
find new pieces to help them solve the complex puzzle of
FFI and to develop treatments that can improve the lives
of those affected. Ongoing research aims to understand
the underlying mechanisms of FFI, especially how genetic
mutations change healthy prion proteins into abnormal
ones and how the buildup of abnormal prions in the brain
causes FFI symptoms. This understanding is essential for
developing effective therapies.
Additionally, researchers are searching for biomarkers of
FFI. Biomarkers are things that can be measured through
blood tests or brain scans, for example, that indicate
the presence of a disease or the risk of developing it.
Biomarkers could help doctors to diagnose FFI earlier and
to track how it changes over time.
In terms of developing therapies for FFI, gene therapy is
a promising approach that aims to fix or replace defective
genes. Gene therapy could eventually improve patients’
quality of life. Researchers are also studying drugs that
might stop or slow down the buildup of PrPSc in the brain.
New drugs are first tested on animals to see if they work
and are safe, and drugs that pass these initial tests are
then tested on people. With effective new medicines,
it might be possible to slow down or even stop FFI.
Available at: https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frym.2025.1523273. Accessed on: Aug 4th, 2025. [Adapted]
The word although in the sentence “Although there is still
no cure for FFI, research is happening all over the world.”
refers to
Q3746318
Inglês
Texto associado
“In recent years, no more than a week goes by without news of a cosmic discovery worthy of banner headlines. While media gatekeepers may have developed an interest in the universe, this rise in coverage likely comes from a genuine increase in the public’s appetite for science. Evidence for this abounds, from hit television shows inspired or informed by science, to the success of science fiction films starring marquee actors, and brought to the screens by celebrated producers and directors. And lately, theatrical release biopics featuring important scientists have become a genre unto itself. There´s also widespread interest around the world in science festivals, science fiction conventions, and documentaries for television.
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.
“In recent years, no more than a week goes by without news of a cosmic discovery worthy of banner headlines. While media gatekeepers may have developed an interest in the universe, this rise in coverage likely comes from a genuine increase in the public’s appetite for science. Evidence for this abounds, from hit television shows inspired or informed by science, to the success of science fiction films starring marquee actors, and brought to the screens by celebrated producers and directors. And lately, theatrical release biopics featuring important scientists have become a genre unto itself. There´s also widespread interest around the world in science festivals, science fiction conventions, and documentaries for television.
The highest grossing film of all time is by a famous director who set his story on a planet
orbiting a distant star. And it features a famous actress who plays an astrobiologist. While
most branches of science have ascended in this era, the field of astrophysics persistently
rises to the top. I think I know why. At one time or another every one of us has looked up at
night sky and wondered: What does it all mean? How does it all work? And, what is my place
in the universe? [...]”
Fonte: TYSON, Neil DeGrasse. Astrophysics for people in a hurry. United States of America: W.
W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2017.
No excerto retirado do segundo parágrafo do texto, “While most branches of science have ascended in this era, the field of astrophysics persistently rises to the top”, o termo WHILE estabelece, entre as orações, a ideia de
Q3510103
Inglês
Disponível em: https://www.gocomics.com/aunty-acid/2024/03/08. Acesso em: 08 mar. 2024.
The conjunction “because” in the comic expresses
Ano: 2024
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
FAMERP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2024 - FAMERP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q3352137
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto e examine o gráfico para responder à questão.
When Tinder (a mobile dating app) was launched on college campuses in America in 2012, it quickly became a hit. Although online dating had been around since Match.com, a website for lonely hearts, launched in 1995, it had long struggled to shed1 an image of desperation. But Tinder, by letting users sift through photos of countless potential dates with a simple swipe, made it easy and fun.
Soon Tinder and its rivals had transformed dating. A report found that 30% of American adults had used an online dating service, including more than half of those aged between 18 and 29. One in five couples of that age had met through such a service. Usage surged during the pandemic, as lonely locked- -down singles searched for partners. The market capitalisation of Bumble, a rival to Tinder, surged to $13 billion on its first day of trading2 in February 2021. Later that year the value of Match Group, which owns Tinder, Hinge and scores of other dating services, reached nearly $50 billion.
Today roughly 350 million people around the world have a dating app on their phone, up from 250 million in 2018, according to a research firm. In June 2024 Tokyo’s government even said it would launch a matchmaking app of its own to pair up singles in the city. Yet lately online dating has lost its spark. The apps were downloaded 237 million times globally in 2023, down from 287 million in 2020. According to a research firm, the number of people who use them at least once a month has dwindled from 154 million in 2021 to 137 million in the second quarter of 2024.
(www.economist.com, 08.08.2024. Adaptado.)
1 to shed: to get rid of something that is no longer wanted.
2 trading: the activity of buying and selling things.
No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “But Tinder, by letting users
sift through photos of countless potential dates with a simple
swipe, made it easy and fun”, o termo sublinhado é empregado
com o mesmo sentido do termo sublinhado em:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
UNESP
Prova:
VUNESP - 2024 - UNESP - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q3352060
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto e examine os gráficos para responder à questão.
If you’re a chocoholic you may have noticed that your
habit has lately become more expensive. The price of cocoa
began creeping up in the second half of 2022. Since then
it has doubled, reaching an all-time high in January 2024.
That steep rise spells trouble for the chocolate business and
sweet-toothed consumers alike.
Climate patterns are partly to blame for rising costs. Cocoa
is mostly produced by small farmers in West Africa. Ghana
and Ivory Coast grow about 60% of the world’s crop.
Last season, in 2023, the El Niño weather pattern led to
unseasonably high temperatures and rainfall that ravaged
crops. Total rainfall in Ivory Coast’s cocoa-growing areas
in 2023 was the highest in 20 years, according to Gro
Intelligence, a data firm.
This year El Niño has brought severe drought to the cocoa
farms, reducing production further. ING, a bank, estimates
that this year the gap between global production and
consumption will be at its widest since at least 2014. Extreme
weather patterns have hit other commodities, too. Droughts
in Thailand and India are affecting rice plantations. Torrential
rain in Brazil, the world’s biggest sugar exporter, has affected
its exports. Besides, other price pressures are specific to the
cocoa industry. Swollen-shoot virus and black-pod disease —
killers of cocoa trees — spread across Ghana and Ivory Coast
during heavy rainfall last year. Tropical Research Services,
a research company, estimates that by the end of 2023 the
swollen-shoot virus had infected around 20% of Ivory Coast’s
cocoa trees.
(www.economist.com, 28.02.2024. Adaptado.)
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo “Besides, other price pressures
are specific to the cocoa industry”, o termo sublinhado pode
ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
UNB
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - UNB - Prova de Conhecimentos I - 1° dia - Inglês |
Q3108557
Inglês
Texto associado
Israel and the Palestinian territories are among the most
climate vulnerable places on the planet. Whereas worldwide
temperatures have increased by an average of 1.1 °C (1.9 °F)
since pre-industrial times, in Israel and the surrounding areas,
average temperatures have risen by 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) between 1950
and 2017, with a forecasted increase of 4 °C (7.2 °F) by the end
of the century. Meanwhile, rising sea levels — projected by
Israel’s Environment Ministry to be as high as a meter by 2050,
according to a new investigative report by Haaretz newspaper —
threaten to obliterate Israel’s famed beaches, damage its
desalination plants and undermine the sewage and drainage
systems of many coastal cities. In the densely populated Gaza
strip, where 2.1 million Palestinians are crammed into 365 square
km (141 sq. mi.), sea level rise means a loss of precious real
estate as well as saltwater intrusion into an already overtaxed
aquifer.
In an arid region already threatened by desertification and
declining precipitation, one would think that the looming climate
catastrophe would catalyze a powerful climate movement.
Instead, the whole thing is largely an afterthought. In Israel and
the Palestinian territories the threat is both existential and more
acute. In this contested land, climate action is hamstrung by zerosum battles over territorial, political and historic rights, even as a
warming climate exacerbates those tensions.
Aryn Baker. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is also
a looming climate disaster. Time, January 2023 (adapted).
Based on the preceding text, judge the following item.
The word “Whereas” (second sentence of the first paragraph) can be correctly replaced, without changing the meaning of the text, by While.
The word “Whereas” (second sentence of the first paragraph) can be correctly replaced, without changing the meaning of the text, by While.
Ano: 2021
Banca:
CECIERJ
Órgão:
CEDERJ
Prova:
CECIERJ - 2021 - CEDERJ - Vestibular - Língua Inglesa - 2022.1 |
Q1859703
Inglês
TEXT 2
Available from: www.nature.com/naturemedicine. Access: 10 Oct. 2021. Adapted.
The linking word “although” (underlined in two sentences of the text) establishes a contrast
between ideas, and it may be replaced by “but”. The alternative which correctly expresses the
ideas which are contrasted in the two sentences is:
Ano: 2021
Banca:
UPENET/IAUPE
Órgão:
UPE
Prova:
UPENET/IAUPE - 2021 - UPE - Vestibular - 2º Fase - 1º Dia |
Q1675845
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1
What is Distance Learning and Why Is It So Important?
1 Distance learning – any form of remote education where the student is not physically present for
the lesson – is booming thanks to the power of the Internet. In fact, there are a number of
advantages of learning remotely over even traditional teaching models. As the Internet blurs the
line between near and far, distance learning is set to disrupt the current paradigm of education.
2 Historically, distance learning described correspondence courses in which students would
communicate with their schools or teachers by mail. More recently, distance education has
moved online to include a huge range of systems and methods on practically any connected
device.
3 Distance education is clearly different from regular education in terms of a student or teacher‘s
physical presence. For the most part, it translates into increased freedom for both learners and
educators, but it also requires higher degrees of discipline and planning to successfully complete
the course of study.
4 The enhanced freedom of remote learning is most clearly seen in the fact that students can
choose courses that fit their schedules and resources. (Teachers can do the same.) And in the
case of digital learning, students can also choose the location and teaching styles that best suit
their needs.
5 Remote education is certainly not a magic bullet and there will always be a place for in-class
learning. At the same time, distance learning still has a lot of untapped potential to reach students
where they are and connect educators and learners in new ways. From increased flexibility to
new learning styles, it seems that the future of learning will be as diverse in time and place as it
will be in thought.
Disponível em: https://www.viewsonic.com/library/education/what-is-distance-learning-and-why-is-it-so-important/. Texto adaptado.
Acesso em: 20 set. 2020.
In the 2
nd paragraph: Historically, distance learning described correspondence courses in which
students would communicate with their schools or teachers by mail., in which is
Ano: 2020
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
FGV
Prova:
FGV - 2020 - FGV - Graduação em Economia - Inglês e Física - 1° Dia |
Q1796822
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the text to answer question.
The aliens among us
Humans think of themselves as the world’s apex predators. Hence the silence of sabre-tooth tigers,
the absence of moas from New Zealand and the long list of endangered megafauna. But sars-cov-2
shows how people can also end up as prey. Viruses have caused a litany of modern pandemics, from
Covid-19, to hiv/aids to the influenza outbreak in 1918-20, which killed many more people than the first
world war. Before that, the colonisation of the Americas by Europeans was abetted – and perhaps made
possible – by epidemics of smallpox, measles and influenza brought unwittingly by the invaders, which
annihilated many of the original inhabitants.
(www.economist.com, 22.08.2020. Adapted.)
In the second sentence in the text, the term “hence” can be replaced, with no change in meaning, by
Ano: 2019
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
SÃO CAMILO
Prova:
VUNESP - 2019 - SÃO CAMILO - Processo Seletivo - 1º Semestre de 2020- Medicina Prova II |
Q1797668
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The fantastic appeal of fantasy
The fantasy genre starts where science ends
Few things can brighten up a dark morning in a Scottish
seaside resort during an Atlantic storm. Yet while sheltering in
a bookshop from the rain, I had a moment of sunny revelation.
Stacked almost as high as my 11-year-old self were copies of
The Lord of the Rings, with a cover illustration that promised
mystery and magic. That chance discovery started a lifelong
love of the fantasy genre1
, both as reader and writer.
The fantasy genre has had more and more success, but
today we’re in the middle of an unprecedented fantasy boom.
Sales continue to rise and it is now the biggest genre in
publishing. The more rational the world gets, with super-science
all around us, the more we demand the irrational in our fiction.
Fantasy is not simply a case of swords2
and sorcery3
.
Yes, there is that by the shelf. But the genre is as broad as the
imagination. The genre starts where science ends.
“In these modern times, where most of us sit at computers,
fantasy books offer a chance to break out of mundane
moments,” says Mark Newton, an editor with the genre.
“People like to explore themes that go beyond the limited
palette that literary fiction claims to offer.”
A search for the origins of fantasy will usually have
academics muttering about Beowulf or Homer’s The Iliad, but
they come from a time when all stories were fantasy: gods and
monsters and supernatural artefacts with humanity caught in
the middle. The first modern fantasy writer is usually considered
to be William Morris, in the late 19th Century. But it was the
early 20th Century where fantasy really started to gain status.
Fantasy fiction has always been about visionary ideas.
You can get artful words in plenty of literary fiction, but being
able to see beyond the boundaries4
of the world around us —
now that’s a special skill.
I don’t write fantasy fiction simply to provide a trapdoor5
from the real world. For me, the genre is about the reality. But
instead of coming up against it, fantasy maps the unconscious
aspirations of our modern society through allegory in story-
-forms as old as humanity. It’s about turning off the mobile
phone and the computer and remembering who we are in the
deepest parts of ourselves.
(Mark Chadbourn. www.telegraph.co.uk, 12.04.2008. Adaptado.)
1genre: gênero. Categoria distintiva de composição literária, como romance,
poesia etc.
2sword: espada.
3sorcery: feitiçaria.
4boundary: fronteira.
5trapdoor: alçapão
No trecho “Yet while sheltering in a bookshop from the rain”
(1°
parágrafo), o termo sublinhado indica ideia de
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Instituto Consulplan
Órgão:
FIMCA
Prova:
Instituto Consulplan - 2019 - FIMCA - Vestibular de Medicina - Edital nº 01/ 2020 |
Q1790468
Inglês
Texto associado
Science Education in the United States of America
(Audrey B. Champagne.)
Science education in the United States of America is in the
midst of an unprecedented reform movement-unprecedented
because the movement is driven by national standards
developed with support from the federal government. The
standards for science education are redefining the character of
science education from kindergarten to the postgraduate
education of scientists and science teachers. Unlike the
education in most countries of the world, education of
students in kindergarten through grade twelve in the United
States is not the responsibility of the federal government but
is controlled by the individual states. States have the right to regulate all elements of the curriculum-the content all
students are expected to learn, the structural organization
of programs across all grades, the structural organization of
the yearly curriculum in each subject, teaching methods, and
textbooks. Historically, and even now, the states jealously
guard all their rights and resist efforts by the federal
government to exercise control over matters that are the
responsibility of the states. The federal government's
involvement in education has been to identify matters of
national priority and to provide funds and other resources
to the states to meet the national priorities. So, for instance,
in the late 1960s and early 1970s, when the United States
felt that its perceived preeminence in scientific research and
its national safety were threatened, science education was
identified as a national priority. The primary purpose of the
federal government's initiatives was to encourage and
upgrade the science education of young people who would
become practicing scientists. This effort was not perceived
by the states as an erosion of their rights because it was a
response to a threat to the nation and was targeted on the
science education of a relatively few students. The current
situation is quite different.
The federal government's underwriting of the
development of national standards for education has the
potential for shifting the control of the curriculum from the
states to the federal government. This initiative, supported
by the National Association of Governors, is the result of the
concern of political, business and industrial leaders with the
poor quality of education across the nation and with the
effect this poor quality has on the U.S. position in the world
economy. The goal of the standards movement from the
prospective of political, business, and industrial leaders is to
strengthen education so that the schools will produce
graduates with the knowledge and skills required of them to
be productive in the workplace.
The pedagogy and attitudes of many teachers and
professors alike has been that science is for the few. So little
concern or effort was applied to make science interesting or
to make learning it easy. Consequently, only highly
motivated and highly intelligent students survived science
courses. Thus it appears education in the natural sciences
develops individuals who reason well, are critical thinkers,
are creative problem solvers-in short, are intelligent. But, we
must ask, does education in the natural sciences produce
smarter people or do smart people survive science as it is
taught? While historically the answer to the question may
well have been survival, the national standards are based on
the beliefs that science is for all and can produce smarter
people.
(Available: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ608194.pdf. Adapted.)
Analyse the items usage in the text. Mark the one which is
a modifier.
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Instituto Consulplan
Órgão:
FIMCA
Prova:
Instituto Consulplan - 2019 - FIMCA - Vestibular de Medicina - Edital nº 01/ 2020 |
Q1790463
Inglês
Texto associado
Science Education in the United States of America
(Audrey B. Champagne.)
Science education in the United States of America is in the
midst of an unprecedented reform movement-unprecedented
because the movement is driven by national standards
developed with support from the federal government. The
standards for science education are redefining the character of
science education from kindergarten to the postgraduate
education of scientists and science teachers. Unlike the
education in most countries of the world, education of
students in kindergarten through grade twelve in the United
States is not the responsibility of the federal government but
is controlled by the individual states. States have the right to regulate all elements of the curriculum-the content all
students are expected to learn, the structural organization
of programs across all grades, the structural organization of
the yearly curriculum in each subject, teaching methods, and
textbooks. Historically, and even now, the states jealously
guard all their rights and resist efforts by the federal
government to exercise control over matters that are the
responsibility of the states. The federal government's
involvement in education has been to identify matters of
national priority and to provide funds and other resources
to the states to meet the national priorities. So, for instance,
in the late 1960s and early 1970s, when the United States
felt that its perceived preeminence in scientific research and
its national safety were threatened, science education was
identified as a national priority. The primary purpose of the
federal government's initiatives was to encourage and
upgrade the science education of young people who would
become practicing scientists. This effort was not perceived
by the states as an erosion of their rights because it was a
response to a threat to the nation and was targeted on the
science education of a relatively few students. The current
situation is quite different.
The federal government's underwriting of the
development of national standards for education has the
potential for shifting the control of the curriculum from the
states to the federal government. This initiative, supported
by the National Association of Governors, is the result of the
concern of political, business and industrial leaders with the
poor quality of education across the nation and with the
effect this poor quality has on the U.S. position in the world
economy. The goal of the standards movement from the
prospective of political, business, and industrial leaders is to
strengthen education so that the schools will produce
graduates with the knowledge and skills required of them to
be productive in the workplace.
The pedagogy and attitudes of many teachers and
professors alike has been that science is for the few. So little
concern or effort was applied to make science interesting or
to make learning it easy. Consequently, only highly
motivated and highly intelligent students survived science
courses. Thus it appears education in the natural sciences
develops individuals who reason well, are critical thinkers,
are creative problem solvers-in short, are intelligent. But, we
must ask, does education in the natural sciences produce
smarter people or do smart people survive science as it is
taught? While historically the answer to the question may
well have been survival, the national standards are based on
the beliefs that science is for all and can produce smarter
people.
(Available: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ608194.pdf. Adapted.)
“Thus” (L52) introduces a/an:
Ano: 2019
Banca:
UFRGS
Órgão:
UFRGS
Prova:
UFRGS - 2019 - UFRGS - Vestibular - UFRGS - Física, Literatura e Inglês |
Q1785238
Inglês
Texto associado
Instrução: A questão está relacionada ao texto abaixo.
Adapted from: SONTAG, Susan. Agaínst
lnterpretatlon and Other Essays. Penguin Modern
Classics, Straus and Giroux, 2009. p. 3-4.
Consider the staternents about the uses of the word that in the following segments retrieved frorn
the text.
I - ln must have been that it was incantatory(I. 01-02), it belongs to the sarne word class as in that of the Greek philosophers (I. 04). II - ln that of the Greek phi/osophers (I. 04), it belongs to the sarne word class as in proposed that art was mlmesls, lmitation of reality (I. 04-05). III- ln must have been that lt was incantatory (I. 01-02), it belongs to the sarne word class as in proposed that art was mlmesls, lmitation of reality (I. 04-05).
Which ones are correct?
I - ln must have been that it was incantatory(I. 01-02), it belongs to the sarne word class as in that of the Greek philosophers (I. 04). II - ln that of the Greek phi/osophers (I. 04), it belongs to the sarne word class as in proposed that art was mlmesls, lmitation of reality (I. 04-05). III- ln must have been that lt was incantatory (I. 01-02), it belongs to the sarne word class as in proposed that art was mlmesls, lmitation of reality (I. 04-05).
Which ones are correct?
Ano: 2019
Banca:
UFRGS
Órgão:
UFRGS
Prova:
UFRGS - 2019 - UFRGS - Vestibular - UFRGS - Física, Literatura e Inglês |
Q1785235
Inglês
Texto associado
Instrução: A questão está relacionada ao texto abaixo.
Adapted from: SONTAG, Susan. Agaínst
lnterpretatlon and Other Essays. Penguin Modern
Classics, Straus and Giroux, 2009. p. 3-4.
Select the alternative that contains the words
that fill in the gaps in lines 07, 11, 20 and 24,
respectively.
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