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Q2758988
Inglês
Texto associado
Text II
Examining the fluff that frustrates northern China
Like most blizzards, it begins with just a few white wisps swirling
about. Gradually the volume increases and the stuff starts to
accumulate on the ground. During the heaviest downfalls the air is
so thick with it as to impair visibility. But this is no winter scene. It is
what happens every April across much of northern China, when
poplar trees start giving off their cotton-like seed-pods.
The phenomenon has already begun in Beijing. On April 8th an
eddy of fluff balls wafted around the American treasury secretary,
Janet Yellen, as she held a press conference in an embassy garden.
To call this a nuisance is an understatement. In many people
the fluff triggers allergies, asthma and other respiratory problems.
Experts say the white balls—produced by the trees’ catkins—are
not themselves allergenic, but that they distribute irritating pollen.
They also clog rain gutters, drain pipes and car radiators. Worse,
they pose a fire hazard. Officials have warned that the fuzz balls have
a low ignition point and called for extreme caution on the part of
smokers, welders or anyone inclined to burn them “out of curiosity”.
China’s catkin problem is the unintended consequence of an
old effort to improve the environment. Intensive tree planting
began in the 1950s with the aim of ending the scourge of
sandstorms caused by winds sweeping out of barren areas. The
trees were also meant to firm up the soil and slow desertification.
Poplar trees, along with willows, were selected because they are
cheap, fast-growing and drought-resistant.
In some ways the plan worked. Today sandstorms are less
severe and the threat of desertification has faded. But the annual
onslaught from catkins is another legacy. Female trees are the
cotton-ball culprits. There are millions of them (poplar and willow)
in Beijing alone.
Authorities have sought to mitigate the mess. The simplest way
is to spray water on the trees, turning the fluffy flyers into damp
squibs. More advanced solutions involve “birth control”, or injecting
female trees with chemicals that suppress catkin production.
Another option is “gender-reassignment surgery”, in which branches
on female trees are cut and replaced with male grafts.
But experts say that these efforts will take time. The good
news is that the flurries of poplar fluff will only last for a few more
weeks. The bad news is that wafts of willow fluff will then begin.
From: https://www.economist.com/china/2024/04/18/examining-thefluff-that-frustrates-northern-china
In the last paragraph, the author observes the phenomenon is
Q2758987
Inglês
Texto associado
Text II
Examining the fluff that frustrates northern China
Like most blizzards, it begins with just a few white wisps swirling
about. Gradually the volume increases and the stuff starts to
accumulate on the ground. During the heaviest downfalls the air is
so thick with it as to impair visibility. But this is no winter scene. It is
what happens every April across much of northern China, when
poplar trees start giving off their cotton-like seed-pods.
The phenomenon has already begun in Beijing. On April 8th an
eddy of fluff balls wafted around the American treasury secretary,
Janet Yellen, as she held a press conference in an embassy garden.
To call this a nuisance is an understatement. In many people
the fluff triggers allergies, asthma and other respiratory problems.
Experts say the white balls—produced by the trees’ catkins—are
not themselves allergenic, but that they distribute irritating pollen.
They also clog rain gutters, drain pipes and car radiators. Worse,
they pose a fire hazard. Officials have warned that the fuzz balls have
a low ignition point and called for extreme caution on the part of
smokers, welders or anyone inclined to burn them “out of curiosity”.
China’s catkin problem is the unintended consequence of an
old effort to improve the environment. Intensive tree planting
began in the 1950s with the aim of ending the scourge of
sandstorms caused by winds sweeping out of barren areas. The
trees were also meant to firm up the soil and slow desertification.
Poplar trees, along with willows, were selected because they are
cheap, fast-growing and drought-resistant.
In some ways the plan worked. Today sandstorms are less
severe and the threat of desertification has faded. But the annual
onslaught from catkins is another legacy. Female trees are the
cotton-ball culprits. There are millions of them (poplar and willow)
in Beijing alone.
Authorities have sought to mitigate the mess. The simplest way
is to spray water on the trees, turning the fluffy flyers into damp
squibs. More advanced solutions involve “birth control”, or injecting
female trees with chemicals that suppress catkin production.
Another option is “gender-reassignment surgery”, in which branches
on female trees are cut and replaced with male grafts.
But experts say that these efforts will take time. The good
news is that the flurries of poplar fluff will only last for a few more
weeks. The bad news is that wafts of willow fluff will then begin.
From: https://www.economist.com/china/2024/04/18/examining-thefluff-that-frustrates-northern-china
Based on the text, mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or FALSE
(F).
( ) Willows and poplar trees are unsuitable to withstand extended dry periods.
( ) All possible outcomes of the 1950s environmental plans were widely predicted.
( ) Biological interventions are among the measures being considered to control the catkin problem.
The statements are, respectively,
( ) Willows and poplar trees are unsuitable to withstand extended dry periods.
( ) All possible outcomes of the 1950s environmental plans were widely predicted.
( ) Biological interventions are among the measures being considered to control the catkin problem.
The statements are, respectively,
Q2758986
Inglês
Texto associado
Text I
Energy Transition in a Transnational World
Within the sphere of environmental law, the climate crisis is
increasingly understood to be an intersectional challenge that
implicates and exacerbates existing systemic challenges and
prevailing pathways of inequality. From this vantage point climate
change also creates opportunities for rethinking the role of law in
limiting the destructive impacts of climate change and moving
towards a more sustainable and equitable world in the process.
This view is advanced by the climate justice movement, which is
swelling in influence worldwide. Drawing from the environmental
justice movement, the climate justice movement exposes not only
how social and economic inequality has led to and perpetuates
patterns of climate change, but also how climate change deepens
inequality by disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable
members of society. Climate justice seeks greater emphasis on this
issue and advocates on the part of those most affected by climate
change. The movement envisions a world which simultaneously
curtails the negative effects of climate change and reshapes
existing social, political, and economic relationships along the way.
Amidst the overlapping crises of modern times, the modern
climate justice movement is reviving dialogue at the intersection of
feminism, environmentalism, social and economic justice, and other
progressive law reform movements, as well as creating the space
and momentum for intersectional ideas to flourish. For lawyers and
legal scholars, the opportunity is to see climate change and
environmental degradation within its broader social context and to
seize upon the rule of law as a powerful tool for change.
Nowhere are these intersecting challenges as acute as in the
context of energy. One of the principal aims of the climate justice
movement is to achieve a just and equitable transition from an
extractive economy to a regenerative economy. This requires
transitioning from fossil fuel-dependent to low and zero-carbon
economies. However, the pathways for overhauling energy
systems worldwide remain indeterminate. Energy systems are
evolving in response to a combination of law and policy changes,
developments in energy technologies, and market forces.
Moreover, given both the entrenched nature of fossil fuel
economies and the varied social, political, economic, and
environmental factors that shape energy transition, pathways to
decarbonization are bound to be beset with complex trade-offs,
such as those between energy security and environmental
objectives, or between energy choice and economies of scale. The
precise contours of these systemic changes vary from country to
country, and remain under-explored both within their national
contexts and from a broader transnational perspective. This
knowledge gap is critical. Understanding how, why, and to what
end states are restructuring their energy economies is essential for
transitioning to more environmentally sustainable and just
societies worldwide. In short, this is an area in need of
experimentation and iterative learning. It is a subject ripe for
greater scholarly focus, particularly at the transnational level,
where improved learning and sharing is indispensable for
achieving the global-level shifts needed to address climate change.
Adapted from: Etty, Thijs et al. “Energy Transition in a Transnational World.”
Transnational Environmental Law 10.2 (2021): 197–204. Available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/transnational-environmentallaw/article/energy-transition-in-a-transnationalworld/9F9D4229588B39C0E5916DFBE82EA046
The text concludes by stating that studies in the area are
Q2758985
Inglês
Texto associado
Text I
Energy Transition in a Transnational World
Within the sphere of environmental law, the climate crisis is
increasingly understood to be an intersectional challenge that
implicates and exacerbates existing systemic challenges and
prevailing pathways of inequality. From this vantage point climate
change also creates opportunities for rethinking the role of law in
limiting the destructive impacts of climate change and moving
towards a more sustainable and equitable world in the process.
This view is advanced by the climate justice movement, which is
swelling in influence worldwide. Drawing from the environmental
justice movement, the climate justice movement exposes not only
how social and economic inequality has led to and perpetuates
patterns of climate change, but also how climate change deepens
inequality by disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable
members of society. Climate justice seeks greater emphasis on this
issue and advocates on the part of those most affected by climate
change. The movement envisions a world which simultaneously
curtails the negative effects of climate change and reshapes
existing social, political, and economic relationships along the way.
Amidst the overlapping crises of modern times, the modern
climate justice movement is reviving dialogue at the intersection of
feminism, environmentalism, social and economic justice, and other
progressive law reform movements, as well as creating the space
and momentum for intersectional ideas to flourish. For lawyers and
legal scholars, the opportunity is to see climate change and
environmental degradation within its broader social context and to
seize upon the rule of law as a powerful tool for change.
Nowhere are these intersecting challenges as acute as in the
context of energy. One of the principal aims of the climate justice
movement is to achieve a just and equitable transition from an
extractive economy to a regenerative economy. This requires
transitioning from fossil fuel-dependent to low and zero-carbon
economies. However, the pathways for overhauling energy
systems worldwide remain indeterminate. Energy systems are
evolving in response to a combination of law and policy changes,
developments in energy technologies, and market forces.
Moreover, given both the entrenched nature of fossil fuel
economies and the varied social, political, economic, and
environmental factors that shape energy transition, pathways to
decarbonization are bound to be beset with complex trade-offs,
such as those between energy security and environmental
objectives, or between energy choice and economies of scale. The
precise contours of these systemic changes vary from country to
country, and remain under-explored both within their national
contexts and from a broader transnational perspective. This
knowledge gap is critical. Understanding how, why, and to what
end states are restructuring their energy economies is essential for
transitioning to more environmentally sustainable and just
societies worldwide. In short, this is an area in need of
experimentation and iterative learning. It is a subject ripe for
greater scholarly focus, particularly at the transnational level,
where improved learning and sharing is indispensable for
achieving the global-level shifts needed to address climate change.
Adapted from: Etty, Thijs et al. “Energy Transition in a Transnational World.”
Transnational Environmental Law 10.2 (2021): 197–204. Available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/transnational-environmentallaw/article/energy-transition-in-a-transnationalworld/9F9D4229588B39C0E5916DFBE82EA046
When the authors mention “both the entrenched nature of fossil
fuel economies and the varied social, political, economic, and
environmental factors” (3rd paragraph), they imply the exchanges
aiming at decarbonization may be
Q2758984
Inglês
Texto associado
Text I
Energy Transition in a Transnational World
Within the sphere of environmental law, the climate crisis is
increasingly understood to be an intersectional challenge that
implicates and exacerbates existing systemic challenges and
prevailing pathways of inequality. From this vantage point climate
change also creates opportunities for rethinking the role of law in
limiting the destructive impacts of climate change and moving
towards a more sustainable and equitable world in the process.
This view is advanced by the climate justice movement, which is
swelling in influence worldwide. Drawing from the environmental
justice movement, the climate justice movement exposes not only
how social and economic inequality has led to and perpetuates
patterns of climate change, but also how climate change deepens
inequality by disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable
members of society. Climate justice seeks greater emphasis on this
issue and advocates on the part of those most affected by climate
change. The movement envisions a world which simultaneously
curtails the negative effects of climate change and reshapes
existing social, political, and economic relationships along the way.
Amidst the overlapping crises of modern times, the modern
climate justice movement is reviving dialogue at the intersection of
feminism, environmentalism, social and economic justice, and other
progressive law reform movements, as well as creating the space
and momentum for intersectional ideas to flourish. For lawyers and
legal scholars, the opportunity is to see climate change and
environmental degradation within its broader social context and to
seize upon the rule of law as a powerful tool for change.
Nowhere are these intersecting challenges as acute as in the
context of energy. One of the principal aims of the climate justice
movement is to achieve a just and equitable transition from an
extractive economy to a regenerative economy. This requires
transitioning from fossil fuel-dependent to low and zero-carbon
economies. However, the pathways for overhauling energy
systems worldwide remain indeterminate. Energy systems are
evolving in response to a combination of law and policy changes,
developments in energy technologies, and market forces.
Moreover, given both the entrenched nature of fossil fuel
economies and the varied social, political, economic, and
environmental factors that shape energy transition, pathways to
decarbonization are bound to be beset with complex trade-offs,
such as those between energy security and environmental
objectives, or between energy choice and economies of scale. The
precise contours of these systemic changes vary from country to
country, and remain under-explored both within their national
contexts and from a broader transnational perspective. This
knowledge gap is critical. Understanding how, why, and to what
end states are restructuring their energy economies is essential for
transitioning to more environmentally sustainable and just
societies worldwide. In short, this is an area in need of
experimentation and iterative learning. It is a subject ripe for
greater scholarly focus, particularly at the transnational level,
where improved learning and sharing is indispensable for
achieving the global-level shifts needed to address climate change.
Adapted from: Etty, Thijs et al. “Energy Transition in a Transnational World.”
Transnational Environmental Law 10.2 (2021): 197–204. Available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/transnational-environmentallaw/article/energy-transition-in-a-transnationalworld/9F9D4229588B39C0E5916DFBE82EA046
The verb in “curtails the negative effects” (1st paragraph)
means to
Q2758983
Inglês
Texto associado
Text I
Energy Transition in a Transnational World
Within the sphere of environmental law, the climate crisis is
increasingly understood to be an intersectional challenge that
implicates and exacerbates existing systemic challenges and
prevailing pathways of inequality. From this vantage point climate
change also creates opportunities for rethinking the role of law in
limiting the destructive impacts of climate change and moving
towards a more sustainable and equitable world in the process.
This view is advanced by the climate justice movement, which is
swelling in influence worldwide. Drawing from the environmental
justice movement, the climate justice movement exposes not only
how social and economic inequality has led to and perpetuates
patterns of climate change, but also how climate change deepens
inequality by disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable
members of society. Climate justice seeks greater emphasis on this
issue and advocates on the part of those most affected by climate
change. The movement envisions a world which simultaneously
curtails the negative effects of climate change and reshapes
existing social, political, and economic relationships along the way.
Amidst the overlapping crises of modern times, the modern
climate justice movement is reviving dialogue at the intersection of
feminism, environmentalism, social and economic justice, and other
progressive law reform movements, as well as creating the space
and momentum for intersectional ideas to flourish. For lawyers and
legal scholars, the opportunity is to see climate change and
environmental degradation within its broader social context and to
seize upon the rule of law as a powerful tool for change.
Nowhere are these intersecting challenges as acute as in the
context of energy. One of the principal aims of the climate justice
movement is to achieve a just and equitable transition from an
extractive economy to a regenerative economy. This requires
transitioning from fossil fuel-dependent to low and zero-carbon
economies. However, the pathways for overhauling energy
systems worldwide remain indeterminate. Energy systems are
evolving in response to a combination of law and policy changes,
developments in energy technologies, and market forces.
Moreover, given both the entrenched nature of fossil fuel
economies and the varied social, political, economic, and
environmental factors that shape energy transition, pathways to
decarbonization are bound to be beset with complex trade-offs,
such as those between energy security and environmental
objectives, or between energy choice and economies of scale. The
precise contours of these systemic changes vary from country to
country, and remain under-explored both within their national
contexts and from a broader transnational perspective. This
knowledge gap is critical. Understanding how, why, and to what
end states are restructuring their energy economies is essential for
transitioning to more environmentally sustainable and just
societies worldwide. In short, this is an area in need of
experimentation and iterative learning. It is a subject ripe for
greater scholarly focus, particularly at the transnational level,
where improved learning and sharing is indispensable for
achieving the global-level shifts needed to address climate change.
Adapted from: Etty, Thijs et al. “Energy Transition in a Transnational World.”
Transnational Environmental Law 10.2 (2021): 197–204. Available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/transnational-environmentallaw/article/energy-transition-in-a-transnationalworld/9F9D4229588B39C0E5916DFBE82EA046
According to the text, the influence of climate justice movement
at present is
Q2758982
Inglês
Texto associado
Text I
Energy Transition in a Transnational World
Within the sphere of environmental law, the climate crisis is
increasingly understood to be an intersectional challenge that
implicates and exacerbates existing systemic challenges and
prevailing pathways of inequality. From this vantage point climate
change also creates opportunities for rethinking the role of law in
limiting the destructive impacts of climate change and moving
towards a more sustainable and equitable world in the process.
This view is advanced by the climate justice movement, which is
swelling in influence worldwide. Drawing from the environmental
justice movement, the climate justice movement exposes not only
how social and economic inequality has led to and perpetuates
patterns of climate change, but also how climate change deepens
inequality by disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable
members of society. Climate justice seeks greater emphasis on this
issue and advocates on the part of those most affected by climate
change. The movement envisions a world which simultaneously
curtails the negative effects of climate change and reshapes
existing social, political, and economic relationships along the way.
Amidst the overlapping crises of modern times, the modern
climate justice movement is reviving dialogue at the intersection of
feminism, environmentalism, social and economic justice, and other
progressive law reform movements, as well as creating the space
and momentum for intersectional ideas to flourish. For lawyers and
legal scholars, the opportunity is to see climate change and
environmental degradation within its broader social context and to
seize upon the rule of law as a powerful tool for change.
Nowhere are these intersecting challenges as acute as in the
context of energy. One of the principal aims of the climate justice
movement is to achieve a just and equitable transition from an
extractive economy to a regenerative economy. This requires
transitioning from fossil fuel-dependent to low and zero-carbon
economies. However, the pathways for overhauling energy
systems worldwide remain indeterminate. Energy systems are
evolving in response to a combination of law and policy changes,
developments in energy technologies, and market forces.
Moreover, given both the entrenched nature of fossil fuel
economies and the varied social, political, economic, and
environmental factors that shape energy transition, pathways to
decarbonization are bound to be beset with complex trade-offs,
such as those between energy security and environmental
objectives, or between energy choice and economies of scale. The
precise contours of these systemic changes vary from country to
country, and remain under-explored both within their national
contexts and from a broader transnational perspective. This
knowledge gap is critical. Understanding how, why, and to what
end states are restructuring their energy economies is essential for
transitioning to more environmentally sustainable and just
societies worldwide. In short, this is an area in need of
experimentation and iterative learning. It is a subject ripe for
greater scholarly focus, particularly at the transnational level,
where improved learning and sharing is indispensable for
achieving the global-level shifts needed to address climate change.
Adapted from: Etty, Thijs et al. “Energy Transition in a Transnational World.”
Transnational Environmental Law 10.2 (2021): 197–204. Available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/transnational-environmentallaw/article/energy-transition-in-a-transnationalworld/9F9D4229588B39C0E5916DFBE82EA046
Analyse the statements below based on the text.
I. Climate justice supports the view that populations in disadvantage are impervious to the effects of climate change.
II. Efforts to link up with different movements are being expended by modern climate justice.
III. A keen understanding of how to revamp energy systems on a global scale has been achieved.
Choose the correct answer:
I. Climate justice supports the view that populations in disadvantage are impervious to the effects of climate change.
II. Efforts to link up with different movements are being expended by modern climate justice.
III. A keen understanding of how to revamp energy systems on a global scale has been achieved.
Choose the correct answer:
Q2758981
Português
Em todas as frases a seguir foram feitas inferências; assinale a
opção que apresenta a frase em que a inferência indicada não é
adequada.
Q2758980
Português
Observe o seguinte texto argumentativo:
Culpar o Banco Mundial pela pobreza é como culpar a Cruz Vermelha pelas duas guerras mundiais.
Nesse caso, o argumento utilizado apela para
Culpar o Banco Mundial pela pobreza é como culpar a Cruz Vermelha pelas duas guerras mundiais.
Nesse caso, o argumento utilizado apela para
Q2758979
Português
Assinale a opção que apresenta a frase que está integralmente
redigida em forma gramaticalmente correta.
Q2758978
Português
Um dos empregos mais frequentes dos pronomes possessivos é
sua utilização para dar ideia de posse de algo.
Assinale a opção que apresenta a frase que exemplifica esse uso.
Assinale a opção que apresenta a frase que exemplifica esse uso.
Q2758977
Português
As opções a seguir apresentam frases em que ocorre a presença
de um pronome pessoal referindo-se a um termo anterior,
à exceção de uma. Assinale-a.
Q2758976
Português
Assinale a frase em que está presente a alusão a um outro texto
bastante conhecido.
Q2758975
Português
Assinale a opção que indica a frase em que a comparação feita é
acompanhada de uma explicação dessa comparação.
Q2758974
Português
Assinale a opção que apresenta a frase que pode ser citada como
exemplo de texto narrativo.
Q2758973
Português
Leia o texto descritivo a seguir.
A loja de artesanato ficava em local privilegiado: diante de uma igreja muito visitada por turistas, com um amplo espaço gramado, a fachada da loja mostrava traços coloniais, como tudo no local. Dentro da loja, havia principalmente objetos de madeira descolorida, para dar impressão de velhos, e alguma esculturas em pedra sabão.
Sobre esse trecho descritivo, assinale a afirmativa correta.
A loja de artesanato ficava em local privilegiado: diante de uma igreja muito visitada por turistas, com um amplo espaço gramado, a fachada da loja mostrava traços coloniais, como tudo no local. Dentro da loja, havia principalmente objetos de madeira descolorida, para dar impressão de velhos, e alguma esculturas em pedra sabão.
Sobre esse trecho descritivo, assinale a afirmativa correta.
Q2758972
Português
Leia o texto a seguir.
Não há dúvida de que nosso currículo escolar está defasado, obrigando professores e alunos a estudarem temas completamente distantes de nossas necessidades culturais; essa foi uma das conclusões a que chegou o “Congresso Escolar: suas necessidades”, recomendando uma urgente atualização, o que traria o aumento de motivação por parte dos alunos.
Sobre esse texto, assinale a afirmativa correta.
Não há dúvida de que nosso currículo escolar está defasado, obrigando professores e alunos a estudarem temas completamente distantes de nossas necessidades culturais; essa foi uma das conclusões a que chegou o “Congresso Escolar: suas necessidades”, recomendando uma urgente atualização, o que traria o aumento de motivação por parte dos alunos.
Sobre esse texto, assinale a afirmativa correta.
Ano: 2022
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
EPE
Prova:
FGV - 2022 - EPE - Analista de Pesquisa Energética - Petróleo - Gás e Bioenergia |
Q1912944
Engenharia de Petróleo
Uma biorrefinaria é uma instalação que integra processos de
conversão de biomassa em biocombustíveis, insumos químicos,
materiais, alimentos, rações e energia. O objetivo de uma
biorrefinaria é otimizar o uso de recursos e minimizar os
efluentes, maximizando os benefícios e o lucro. O papel das
biorrefinarias centra-se na integração de processos tradicionais e
modernos para a utilização de biomassa renovável na produção
de energia e reagentes.
Sobre as biorrefinarias, analise as afirmativas a seguir.
I. Os projetos de biorrefinaria ainda estão em desenvolvimento e, ainda que não haja modelos e padrões consagrados, podem ser apontados exemplos de biorrefinarias que já funcionam na prática, como as usinas produtoras de açúcar, etanol e bioeletricidade a partir da cana-de-açúcar.
II. Cada biorrefinaria deve ser projetada de forma a buscar o necessário equilíbrio entre as variáveis tecnológicas e econômicas, ambientais e sociais. O conceito é análogo ao aplicado nas refinarias de petróleo, que produzem múltiplos produtos a partir da matéria-prima petróleo.
III. As biorrefinarias passaram a ser enxergadas como uma das maneiras que a sociedade tem para diminuir sua dependência do petróleo fóssil. Os preços elevados dos combustíveis fósseis oportunizam a busca de alternativas tecnológicas para a produção de energéticos, plásticos e polímeros, a partir de matérias-primas renováveis.
Está correto o que afirma em
Sobre as biorrefinarias, analise as afirmativas a seguir.
I. Os projetos de biorrefinaria ainda estão em desenvolvimento e, ainda que não haja modelos e padrões consagrados, podem ser apontados exemplos de biorrefinarias que já funcionam na prática, como as usinas produtoras de açúcar, etanol e bioeletricidade a partir da cana-de-açúcar.
II. Cada biorrefinaria deve ser projetada de forma a buscar o necessário equilíbrio entre as variáveis tecnológicas e econômicas, ambientais e sociais. O conceito é análogo ao aplicado nas refinarias de petróleo, que produzem múltiplos produtos a partir da matéria-prima petróleo.
III. As biorrefinarias passaram a ser enxergadas como uma das maneiras que a sociedade tem para diminuir sua dependência do petróleo fóssil. Os preços elevados dos combustíveis fósseis oportunizam a busca de alternativas tecnológicas para a produção de energéticos, plásticos e polímeros, a partir de matérias-primas renováveis.
Está correto o que afirma em
Ano: 2022
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
EPE
Prova:
FGV - 2022 - EPE - Analista de Pesquisa Energética - Petróleo - Gás e Bioenergia |
Q1912943
Engenharia de Petróleo
Grande parte do etanol anidro (adicionado à gasolina) e
hidratado (veículos flex) chega às distribuidoras por meio de
dutos. Em 2020 foram transportados 2 bilhões de litros de etanol
nesse tipo de estrutura entre Uberaba (MG), Ribeirão Preto (SP),
Paulínia (SP) e Ilha D’Água (RJ).
Com relação aos dutos de transporte de etanol, analise as
afirmativas a seguir.
I. O sistema minimiza a emissão de gases de efeito-estufa (GEEs). A operação dutoviária, ainda que utilizando veículos rodoviários para levar e trazer etanol das bases, é ambientalmente mais eficiente ante a tradicional, via caminhões.
II. O sistema permite ganhos logísticos tais como rapidez, garantia de entrega, de segurança e financeiros. Embora existam os custos de uso dos dutos, os caminhões exigem aportes seja em diesel, pneus e manutenção.
III. O A utilização de um sistema dutoviário para a exportação de etanol não acrescenta vantagem na construção da logística eficiente de exportação do produto no país.
Está correto o que se afirma em
I. O sistema minimiza a emissão de gases de efeito-estufa (GEEs). A operação dutoviária, ainda que utilizando veículos rodoviários para levar e trazer etanol das bases, é ambientalmente mais eficiente ante a tradicional, via caminhões.
II. O sistema permite ganhos logísticos tais como rapidez, garantia de entrega, de segurança e financeiros. Embora existam os custos de uso dos dutos, os caminhões exigem aportes seja em diesel, pneus e manutenção.
III. O A utilização de um sistema dutoviário para a exportação de etanol não acrescenta vantagem na construção da logística eficiente de exportação do produto no país.
Está correto o que se afirma em
Ano: 2022
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
EPE
Prova:
FGV - 2022 - EPE - Analista de Pesquisa Energética - Petróleo - Gás e Bioenergia |
Q1912942
Engenharia de Petróleo
No Brasil, até 1950, a colheita de cana-de-açúcar iniciava-se com
o corte manual, queimadas e apenas o carregamento era
mecânico. Nas décadas de 1950 e 1960 é introduzido o corte
mecanizado, com a importação das primeiras máquinas vindas da
Austrália, mas tais máquinas ainda exigiam a queimada da cana--
de-açúcar, o que, na época, não era considerado como problema
ambiental.
Nos anos 1970, as primeiras configurações de máquinas, como as de hoje, começaram a ser produzidas no Brasil, seguindo a mesma tecnologia australiana da década de 1950, com colheita de cana picada. Cabe salientar que, nesse período, existiam também colhedoras que utilizavam o processo de colheita de cana inteira.
O processo de mecanização tornou-se mais acentuado com a implantação do Proálcool, em 1975. Foi somente a partir da década de 1990 que a opção pela cana picada na colheita se consolidou como rota tecnológica vencedora.
Com relação à colheita e plantio da cana-de-açúcar no Brasil, assinale a afirmativa correta.
Nos anos 1970, as primeiras configurações de máquinas, como as de hoje, começaram a ser produzidas no Brasil, seguindo a mesma tecnologia australiana da década de 1950, com colheita de cana picada. Cabe salientar que, nesse período, existiam também colhedoras que utilizavam o processo de colheita de cana inteira.
O processo de mecanização tornou-se mais acentuado com a implantação do Proálcool, em 1975. Foi somente a partir da década de 1990 que a opção pela cana picada na colheita se consolidou como rota tecnológica vencedora.
Com relação à colheita e plantio da cana-de-açúcar no Brasil, assinale a afirmativa correta.
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