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Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto JK
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA
Prova:
Instituto JK - 2024 - Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA - Professor Nível II - Inglês |
Q3984286
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the excerpt below from tripadvisor website
and answer the following question:
TOKYO
Tradition collides with pop culture in Tokyo,
where you can reverently wander ancient temples
before rocking out at a karaoke bar. Wake up before
the sun to catch the lively auction at the Toyosu
Market, then refresh with a walk beneath the cherry
blossom trees that line the Sumida River. Spend
some time in the beautiful East Gardens of the
Imperial Palace, then brush up on your Japanese
history at the Edo-Tokyo Museum. Don’t forget to eat
as much sushi, udon noodles and wagashi
(Japanese sweets), as your belly can handle.
Great for: Historical tours - Bars - Cultural tours - Rail
tours
From: tripadvisor.com/TravelersChoice-Destinations
What is the advice in the text about food:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto JK
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA
Prova:
Instituto JK - 2024 - Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA - Professor Nível II - Inglês |
Q3984285
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the excerpt below from tripadvisor website
and answer the following question:
TOKYO
Tradition collides with pop culture in Tokyo,
where you can reverently wander ancient temples
before rocking out at a karaoke bar. Wake up before
the sun to catch the lively auction at the Toyosu
Market, then refresh with a walk beneath the cherry
blossom trees that line the Sumida River. Spend
some time in the beautiful East Gardens of the
Imperial Palace, then brush up on your Japanese
history at the Edo-Tokyo Museum. Don’t forget to eat
as much sushi, udon noodles and wagashi
(Japanese sweets), as your belly can handle.
Great for: Historical tours - Bars - Cultural tours - Rail
tours
From: tripadvisor.com/TravelersChoice-Destinations
What is the meaning of the expression “brush
up” we find in the fifth line:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto JK
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA
Prova:
Instituto JK - 2024 - Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA - Professor Nível II - Inglês |
Q3984284
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the excerpt below from tripadvisor website
and answer the following question:
TOKYO
Tradition collides with pop culture in Tokyo,
where you can reverently wander ancient temples
before rocking out at a karaoke bar. Wake up before
the sun to catch the lively auction at the Toyosu
Market, then refresh with a walk beneath the cherry
blossom trees that line the Sumida River. Spend
some time in the beautiful East Gardens of the
Imperial Palace, then brush up on your Japanese
history at the Edo-Tokyo Museum. Don’t forget to eat
as much sushi, udon noodles and wagashi
(Japanese sweets), as your belly can handle.
Great for: Historical tours - Bars - Cultural tours - Rail
tours
From: tripadvisor.com/TravelersChoice-Destinations
According to the text what is one thing the
tourists will be able to experience in Tokyo:
Resumos relacionados
Resumo relacionado
Advérbios e conjunções em inglês para concursos públicos
O estudo de advérbios e conjunções na língua inglesa é fundamental para quem deseja se destacar em provas de concursos públicos. Esses elementos desempenham papéis essenciais na construção de frases, influenciando diretamente o sentido e a coesão textual, habilidades bastante exigidas nas questões de interpretação e compreensão de textos em inglês.
Resumo relacionado
Artigos (Articles) em inglês: uso em concursos públicos
Artigos (Articles) são palavras essenciais na gramática da língua inglesa, usadas para indicar se um substantivo está sendo mencionado de forma específica ou geral. Eles desempenham papel fundamental em provas de concursos, pois ajudam na compreensão e interpretação dos textos, além de serem frequentemente cobrados em questões envolvendo uso correto de estruturas gramaticais.
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto JK
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA
Prova:
Instituto JK - 2024 - Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA - Professor Nível II - Inglês |
Q3984283
Inglês
According to the information given in the
sentences below, what is the right sequence
that match the best words to describe them:
1. The temperature is 45°C
2. The temperature is 35°C
3. The temperature is 25°C
4. The temperature is 15°C
5. The temperature is -5°C
( ) Today is cool
( ) Today is cold
( ) Today is extremely hot
( ) Today is hot
( ) Today is warm
1. The temperature is 45°C
2. The temperature is 35°C
3. The temperature is 25°C
4. The temperature is 15°C
5. The temperature is -5°C
( ) Today is cool
( ) Today is cold
( ) Today is extremely hot
( ) Today is hot
( ) Today is warm
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto JK
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA
Prova:
Instituto JK - 2024 - Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA - Professor Nível II - Inglês |
Q3984282
Inglês
Which option is the correct plural for the
sentence “The book is on the table”:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto JK
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA
Prova:
Instituto JK - 2024 - Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA - Professor Nível II - Inglês |
Q3984281
Inglês
Read the sentences below and mark the option
that displays the correct form of the verbs in
the simple present:
1. We_______ (eat) pasta for lunch.
2. He_______ (get up) early on Mondays.
3. It_______(rain) on the winter days.
4. You______ (arrive) early at work.
1. We_______ (eat) pasta for lunch.
2. He_______ (get up) early on Mondays.
3. It_______(rain) on the winter days.
4. You______ (arrive) early at work.
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto JK
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA
Prova:
Instituto JK - 2024 - Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA - Professor Nível II - Inglês |
Q3984280
Inglês
Cross out the option which displays ONLY
irregular verbs:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto JK
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA
Prova:
Instituto JK - 2024 - Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA - Professor Nível II - Inglês |
Q3984279
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the excerpt below and answer the
question:
“‘Enter, good guests!’ she said, and as she
spoke they knew that it was her clear voice they had
heard singing. They came a few timid steps further
into the room, and began to bow low, feeling
strangely surprised and awkward, like folk that,
knocking at a cottage door to beg for a drink of water,
have been answered by a fair young elf-queen clad
in living flowers. But before they could say anything,
she sprang lightly up and over the lily-bowls, and ran
laughing towards them; and as she ran her gown
rustled softly like the wind in the flowering borders of
a river.”
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, p. 161.
HarperCollins Publishers, 2012.
What word could replace CLAD without losing
the meaning of the phrase:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto JK
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA
Prova:
Instituto JK - 2024 - Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA - Professor Nível II - Inglês |
Q3984278
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the excerpt below and answer the
question:
“‘Enter, good guests!’ she said, and as she
spoke they knew that it was her clear voice they had
heard singing. They came a few timid steps further
into the room, and began to bow low, feeling
strangely surprised and awkward, like folk that,
knocking at a cottage door to beg for a drink of water,
have been answered by a fair young elf-queen clad
in living flowers. But before they could say anything,
she sprang lightly up and over the lily-bowls, and ran
laughing towards them; and as she ran her gown
rustled softly like the wind in the flowering borders of
a river.”
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, p. 161.
HarperCollins Publishers, 2012.
The word CLAD in the fourth line is:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Instituto JK
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA
Prova:
Instituto JK - 2024 - Prefeitura de Alto Alegre do Maranhão - MA - Professor Nível II - Inglês |
Q3984277
Inglês
Texto associado
Read the excerpt below and answer the
question:
“‘Enter, good guests!’ she said, and as she
spoke they knew that it was her clear voice they had
heard singing. They came a few timid steps further
into the room, and began to bow low, feeling
strangely surprised and awkward, like folk that,
knocking at a cottage door to beg for a drink of water,
have been answered by a fair young elf-queen clad
in living flowers. But before they could say anything,
she sprang lightly up and over the lily-bowls, and ran
laughing towards them; and as she ran her gown
rustled softly like the wind in the flowering borders of
a river.”
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, p. 161.
HarperCollins Publishers, 2012.
The scene described above is:
Q3910314
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
The Emily Dickinson Museum’s Annual Tell
It Slant Poetry Festival is an event with international reach that celebrates Emily Dickinson’s poetic legacy and the contemporary creativity she and her work continues to inspire from the place she called home.
The Festival is named for Dickinson’s poem, “Tell all the truth but tell it slant,” emphasizing the revolutionary power of poetry to shift our perspective and reveal new truths. Festival organizers are focused on presenting established and emerging poets who represent the diversity of the contemporary poetry landscape and to building community by introducing poetry to public spaces.
This year’s program features workshops, panels, and readings, by a diverse and talented group of poets from around the world. The cornerstone of the Festival, the Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon, is an epic reading of all 1,789 of Emily Dickinson’s poems.
To follow along with the Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon, get your copy of the Franklin edition from the Emily Dickinson Museum Shop.
The annual event attracts a diverse audience of Dickinson fans and poetry lovers, including students, educators, aspiring writers, and those who are new to poetry and literary events. Past Festival headliners have included Marilyn Nelson, Abigail Chabitnoy, Tracy K. Smith, Tiana Clark, Tess Taylor, Ada Limón, Jericho Brown, Franny Choi, Aimee Nezhukumatathil, Paisley Rekdal, Adrian Matejka, Kaveh Akbar, and Ocean Vuong.
Support The Tell It Slant Poetry Festival:
Admission to all Poetry Festival events is free-made possible by contributions from Museum supporters. Please consider making a donation of any size during the registration process or anytime on the Museum’s website.
(Adaptado de: Tell It Slant Poetry Festival 2024 Schedule. In: Emily Dickinson Museum (online) – Programs. (sem data). Disponível
em:
Em relação ao evento descrito no texto, considere as afirmativas a seguir.
I. A gratuidade de participação no evento é garantida pelas doações feitas ao museu por patrocinadores.
II. O Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon é considerado o evento principal do Festival, com a leitura de todos os poemas da autora.
III. O Festival celebra tanto a herança poética de Emily Dickinson quanto a inspiração que sua obra continua fornecendo.
IV. O requisito para participar do evento é a aquisição do livro de poemas de Franklin na loja do Museu.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
I. A gratuidade de participação no evento é garantida pelas doações feitas ao museu por patrocinadores.
II. O Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon é considerado o evento principal do Festival, com a leitura de todos os poemas da autora.
III. O Festival celebra tanto a herança poética de Emily Dickinson quanto a inspiração que sua obra continua fornecendo.
IV. O requisito para participar do evento é a aquisição do livro de poemas de Franklin na loja do Museu.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
Q3910313
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
The Emily Dickinson Museum’s Annual Tell
It Slant Poetry Festival is an event with international reach that celebrates Emily Dickinson’s poetic legacy and the contemporary creativity she and her work continues to inspire from the place she called home.
The Festival is named for Dickinson’s poem, “Tell all the truth but tell it slant,” emphasizing the revolutionary power of poetry to shift our perspective and reveal new truths. Festival organizers are focused on presenting established and emerging poets who represent the diversity of the contemporary poetry landscape and to building community by introducing poetry to public spaces.
This year’s program features workshops, panels, and readings, by a diverse and talented group of poets from around the world. The cornerstone of the Festival, the Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon, is an epic reading of all 1,789 of Emily Dickinson’s poems.
To follow along with the Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon, get your copy of the Franklin edition from the Emily Dickinson Museum Shop.
The annual event attracts a diverse audience of Dickinson fans and poetry lovers, including students, educators, aspiring writers, and those who are new to poetry and literary events. Past Festival headliners have included Marilyn Nelson, Abigail Chabitnoy, Tracy K. Smith, Tiana Clark, Tess Taylor, Ada Limón, Jericho Brown, Franny Choi, Aimee Nezhukumatathil, Paisley Rekdal, Adrian Matejka, Kaveh Akbar, and Ocean Vuong.
Support The Tell It Slant Poetry Festival:
Admission to all Poetry Festival events is free-made possible by contributions from Museum supporters. Please consider making a donation of any size during the registration process or anytime on the Museum’s website.
(Adaptado de: Tell It Slant Poetry Festival 2024 Schedule. In: Emily Dickinson Museum (online) – Programs. (sem data). Disponível
em:
Sobre os elementos linguísticos presentes no texto, assinale a alternativa correta.
Q3910312
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia os quadrinhos a seguir e responda à questão.
(PICH, E.; KUNZ, J. WAR.AND.PEAS. Beyond Time and Space. 23 jun. 2024.
Disponível em:
Sobre o comentário “Is this the modern brain?”, assinale a alternativa correta.
Q3910311
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia os quadrinhos a seguir e responda à questão.
(PICH, E.; KUNZ, J. WAR.AND.PEAS. Beyond Time and Space. 23 jun. 2024.
Disponível em:
Sobre os elementos linguísticos presentes na história em quadrinhos, atribua V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso)
às afirmativas a seguir.
( ) No quadro 1, a palavra “fishbowl” é usada tanto no sentido literal como no metafórico, representando tanto o ambiente físico do peixe como as limitações do conhecimento e de perspectiva.
( ) No quadro 1, a palavra “beyond” é um auxiliar necessário para a construção gramatical da pergunta, porém é irrelevante para o sentido da frase.
( ) No quadro 2, a linguagem utilizada é formal e remete a discursos poéticos ou filosóficos decorrentes da escolha de palavras, como, por exemplo, “hidden lands”, “dwell” e “realm”.
( ) No quadro 3, o uso das palavras “secrets” and “wonders”, em referência a “world”, expressa o temor do peixe em se aventurar pelo mundo.
( ) No quadro 4, há uma quebra do tom filosófico reflexivo provocado pela frase final, cuja estrutura é simples e coloquial.
Assinale a alternativa que contém, de cima para baixo, a sequência correta.
( ) No quadro 1, a palavra “fishbowl” é usada tanto no sentido literal como no metafórico, representando tanto o ambiente físico do peixe como as limitações do conhecimento e de perspectiva.
( ) No quadro 1, a palavra “beyond” é um auxiliar necessário para a construção gramatical da pergunta, porém é irrelevante para o sentido da frase.
( ) No quadro 2, a linguagem utilizada é formal e remete a discursos poéticos ou filosóficos decorrentes da escolha de palavras, como, por exemplo, “hidden lands”, “dwell” e “realm”.
( ) No quadro 3, o uso das palavras “secrets” and “wonders”, em referência a “world”, expressa o temor do peixe em se aventurar pelo mundo.
( ) No quadro 4, há uma quebra do tom filosófico reflexivo provocado pela frase final, cuja estrutura é simples e coloquial.
Assinale a alternativa que contém, de cima para baixo, a sequência correta.
Q3903272
Inglês
Texto associado
Analise a imagem, leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
The seeds in a sunflower exhibit a golden spiral, which is tied to the Fibonacci sequence.
(Image credit: belterz/Getty Images)
The Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers in which each number is the sum of the two that precede it. Starting at 0 and 1, the first 10 numbers of the sequence look like this: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, and so on forever. The Fibonacci sequence can be described using a mathematical equation: Xn+2 = Xn+1 + Xn. People claim there are many special properties about the numerical sequence, such as the fact that it is “nature’s secret code” for building perfect structures, like the Great Pyramid at Giza or the iconic seashell that likely graced the cover of your school mathematics textbook. But much of that is incorrect and the true history of the series is a bit more down-to-earth. The first thing to know is that the sequence is not originally Fibonacci’s, who in fact never went by that name. The Italian mathematician who we call Leonardo Fibonacci was born around 1170, and originally known as Leonardo of Pisa, said Keith Devlin, a mathematician at Stanford University. (...)
“Liber Abaci” first introduced the sequence to the Western world. But after a few scant paragraphs on breeding rabbits, Leonardo of Pisa never mentioned the sequence again. In fact, it was mostly forgotten until the 19th century, when mathematicians worked out more about the sequence’s mathematical properties. In 1877, French mathematician Édouard Lucas officially named the rabbit problem “the Fibonacci sequence”, Devlin said. Other than being a neat teaching tool, the Fibonacci sequence shows up in a few places in nature. However, it’s not some secret code that governs the architecture of the universe, Devlin said.
It’s true that the Fibonacci sequence is tightly connected to what’s now known as the golden ratio, phi, an irrational number that has a great deal of its own dubious lore. The ratio of successive numbers in the Fibonacci sequence gets ever closer to the golden ratio, which is 1.6180339887498948482. The golden ratio manages to capture some types of plant growth, Devlin said. For instance, the spiral arrangement of leaves or petals on some plants follows the golden ratio. Pinecones exhibit a golden spiral, as do the seeds in a sunflower, according to "Phyllotaxis: A Systemic Study in Plant Morphogenesis"(Cambridge University Press, 1994). But there are just as many plants that do not follow this rule.
Adaptado de: What “is the Fibonacci sequence”?, Deblin said | Live Science.
Com base no texto, considere as afirmativas a seguir.
I. O objetivo principal do texto é desmitificar algumas concepções sobre a sequência de Fibonacci.
II. O desenvolvimento das plantas tem como regra a proporção áurea.
III. As propriedades especiais sobre a sequência numérica é compartilhada por toda a área científica.
IV. A imagem das sementes de girassol é escolhida porque exibe a proporção áurea, ligada à sequência de Fibonacci.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
I. O objetivo principal do texto é desmitificar algumas concepções sobre a sequência de Fibonacci.
II. O desenvolvimento das plantas tem como regra a proporção áurea.
III. As propriedades especiais sobre a sequência numérica é compartilhada por toda a área científica.
IV. A imagem das sementes de girassol é escolhida porque exibe a proporção áurea, ligada à sequência de Fibonacci.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
Q3903271
Inglês
Texto associado
Analise a imagem, leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.
The seeds in a sunflower exhibit a golden spiral, which is tied to the Fibonacci sequence.
(Image credit: belterz/Getty Images)
The Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers in which each number is the sum of the two that precede it. Starting at 0 and 1, the first 10 numbers of the sequence look like this: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, and so on forever. The Fibonacci sequence can be described using a mathematical equation: Xn+2 = Xn+1 + Xn. People claim there are many special properties about the numerical sequence, such as the fact that it is “nature’s secret code” for building perfect structures, like the Great Pyramid at Giza or the iconic seashell that likely graced the cover of your school mathematics textbook. But much of that is incorrect and the true history of the series is a bit more down-to-earth. The first thing to know is that the sequence is not originally Fibonacci’s, who in fact never went by that name. The Italian mathematician who we call Leonardo Fibonacci was born around 1170, and originally known as Leonardo of Pisa, said Keith Devlin, a mathematician at Stanford University. (...)
“Liber Abaci” first introduced the sequence to the Western world. But after a few scant paragraphs on breeding rabbits, Leonardo of Pisa never mentioned the sequence again. In fact, it was mostly forgotten until the 19th century, when mathematicians worked out more about the sequence’s mathematical properties. In 1877, French mathematician Édouard Lucas officially named the rabbit problem “the Fibonacci sequence”, Devlin said. Other than being a neat teaching tool, the Fibonacci sequence shows up in a few places in nature. However, it’s not some secret code that governs the architecture of the universe, Devlin said.
It’s true that the Fibonacci sequence is tightly connected to what’s now known as the golden ratio, phi, an irrational number that has a great deal of its own dubious lore. The ratio of successive numbers in the Fibonacci sequence gets ever closer to the golden ratio, which is 1.6180339887498948482. The golden ratio manages to capture some types of plant growth, Devlin said. For instance, the spiral arrangement of leaves or petals on some plants follows the golden ratio. Pinecones exhibit a golden spiral, as do the seeds in a sunflower, according to "Phyllotaxis: A Systemic Study in Plant Morphogenesis"(Cambridge University Press, 1994). But there are just as many plants that do not follow this rule.
Adaptado de: What “is the Fibonacci sequence”?, Deblin said | Live Science.
Com base no texto e nos conhecimentos de língua inglesa, atribua V (Verdadeiro) ou F (Falso) às afirmativas a seguir.
( ) Na frase “For instance, the spiral arrangement of leaves or petals on some plants follows the golden ratio”, a função da expressão “For instance” é a de acrescentar informação ao argumento apresentado anteriormente.
( ) Na frase “However, it’s not some secret code that governs the architecture of the universe, Devlin said”, a função de However é a mesma função exercida por but na frase: “But there are just as many plants that do not follow this rule”.
( ) Na frase “The first thing to know is that the sequence is not originally Fibonacci’s”, a função da expressão “the first thing to know” é organizar a ordem das informações a serem apresentadas.
( ) Na frase “Other than being a neat teaching tool, the Fibonacci sequence shows up in a few places in nature” a função da expressão “other than being” é exemplificar o argumento apresentado anteriormente.
( ) Na frase “In fact, it was mostly forgotten until the 19th century”, “in fact” tem a mesma função de “the first thing to know”: organizar a ordem das informações a serem apresentadas.
Assinale a alternativa que contém, de cima para baixo, a sequência correta.
( ) Na frase “For instance, the spiral arrangement of leaves or petals on some plants follows the golden ratio”, a função da expressão “For instance” é a de acrescentar informação ao argumento apresentado anteriormente.
( ) Na frase “However, it’s not some secret code that governs the architecture of the universe, Devlin said”, a função de However é a mesma função exercida por but na frase: “But there are just as many plants that do not follow this rule”.
( ) Na frase “The first thing to know is that the sequence is not originally Fibonacci’s”, a função da expressão “the first thing to know” é organizar a ordem das informações a serem apresentadas.
( ) Na frase “Other than being a neat teaching tool, the Fibonacci sequence shows up in a few places in nature” a função da expressão “other than being” é exemplificar o argumento apresentado anteriormente.
( ) Na frase “In fact, it was mostly forgotten until the 19th century”, “in fact” tem a mesma função de “the first thing to know”: organizar a ordem das informações a serem apresentadas.
Assinale a alternativa que contém, de cima para baixo, a sequência correta.
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Creative Group
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Buritizal - SP
Prova:
Creative Group - 2024 - Prefeitura de Buritizal - SP - Professor de Inglês |
Q3754549
Inglês
Texto associado
'A part of me was crying for freedom': The people
embracing their stutter
By Krupa Padhy, BBC
Eighty million people around the world have a natural
stammer. Krupa Padhy speaks to those who've decided
to embrace it – and discovers surprising benefits.
It was the summer of 2011 and Joshua St Pierre was
working in Edmonton, Canada. He was mid-conversation when he realised the other person wasn't listening.
It was a moment that changed his life.
St Pierre has a stammer, and until then, had always focused on trying to speak as fluently as he could, to make
it more comfortable for others to listen to him. But now,
he began to wonder if it was fair for him to be the one
doing all the work – and what a more balanced effort
might feel like.
"I I I, like most people, spent most of my l lifetime desperately trying to come up to a standard of nooormalcy,"
says St Pierre, who has asked that his quotes in this article include the words he stammers on. "I was doing a
whole lot to try and make other people feel comfortable
when it really actually wasn't much about communication itself."
An estimated 80 million people around the world speak
with a stammer (also known as a stutter in many countries), meaning, they know what they wish to say, but
have difficulty saying the words. Their speech is disrupted by repetitions, pauses or stops. There is still no
clear explanation of what exactly causes stammering,
but research suggests that the region of the brain responsible for planning and executing our speech functions
differently in those with a stammer.
Many children – between 60-80% – who have a stutter
will recover spontaneously. But contrary to popular belief, there isn't a permanent fix to overcoming a stammer. Whilst treatment and support are available (such as
speech language therapy), a high number of people with stammers may relapse after completing therapy. It can
be a life-long effort to suppress a stammer, something
US President Joe Biden has spoken about openly.
As St Pierre notes, however, the physical impact is only
one aspect of the condition. Another is social and may
be more about how stammering is perceived in the mind
of the listener. Studies suggest, for example, that people
who stammer openly may be considered anxious, nervous or embarrassing, purely because of that speech pattern. In a paper inspired by his conversation in Edmonton, St Pierre, who is now a researcher in critical disability studies at the University of Alberta, Canada, argues that this social perception of stammering as "broken speech" is not really about the stammer itself. It's
about the listener's "cultural norms of efficiency, pace,
and self-mastery", and their expectations of what successful communication should be like: succinct and fluent.
"It's not the fact that having d d d dysfluent speech that
causes the breakdown,” argues St Pierre. "It's the way
in which these forms of speech aren't able to be taken
up within the world and heard urm as speech. That's a
really cruel thing, and that's a political thing."
St Pierre and others, including some speech therapists,
are suggesting an alternative view of stammering: not as
a deficiency, but as a way of speaking that is no better
or worse than any others.
In fact, stammering openly can have many benefits,
says Courtney Byrd, a professor of speech, language
and hearing sciences at the University of Texas at Austin, US. She and her team have been working on a model
of treatment that encourages people to stammer with
confidence, even if others around them see it as a deficiency.
"We encourage stuttering openly for effective communication, because when you are avoiding it, you are essentially stifling your own intellect," says Byrd. "I'm
going to say [to people who stutter]: you can be the most
effective communicator and still openly stutter. And I'm
going to show you the path to that. And I also want you
to know that no matter where you live, you are going to
encounter highly educated people who are completely
ignorant about stuttering, and because they are ignorant
they are going to treat you ignorantly. They are going to
say things that will hurt, and they'll say things to you out
of trying to help you."
Speaking to people with a stammer from different countries and cultures, it is striking how similar some of their
experiences are – both in terms of the pain they suffered
through due to the prejudices of those around them, but
also, the relief of no longer hiding it.
Jia Bin was born in a small village in Sichuan province
in southwest China. Her parents were poor, and she felt
she was adding to their burden when she began to stammer as a child.
"It came to a point where I hated myself," she says.
"There were two forces in me – one was to communicate, the other was not to speak. I feel like I compromised a lot of my authenticity."
Bin chose to leave China, and move to the US, partly
because she feared her stutter would never be fully accepted at home. "I was holding down a job, I was married, I gave birth to my daughter before coming to
America at 32. I completed what society wants a normal
Chinese girl to do, but I was so miserable. There was a
part of me crying for freedom. I'd never seen a successful person who stutters in China."
Bin now runs a stammer support group on the Chinese
social media platform WeChat, and is studying for a
PhD in communicative sciences and disorders at Michigan State University. She no longer hides her stutter,
and finds this freeing, but her family still struggles to
accept it. Upon a recent trip to China, she decided to
stammer openly for the first time at a family gathering.
Older relatives gossiped and the children laughed at her.
"If you were able to hide it for 30 years, why don't you
continue to hide it for another 30 years?" asked her
mother.
Classifying stammering as a disability is a divisive subject, because as St Pierre puts it, "the power of ableism
is so strong" – meaning, some people with a stammer
may not wish to identify as disabled.
Former Ernst and Young partner Iain Wilkie spent 40
years of his life feeling ashamed of his stammer. He first
started stammering at the age of seven and was bullied
for it by other children. But in 2022, he gave a TED talk
in London in which he described stuttering as a gift: "I'd
like to start by telling you that I stutter and I'm ok with
that," he began. "It took me 35 years to be ok with that.
And I hope it's ok with you."
Wilkie, who heads the charity 50 Million Voices, which
offers support to people with a stammer in the workplace, believes those who stammer are a huge pool of
under-used talent.
"It's rubbish to think people who stutter can't communicate well," he says. On the contrary, he is convinced that
people who stammer are very good with words. "There's
great presence, we give each other time, it's like a slow
down and we just wait for those words to arrive," says Wilkie, referring to meetings with colleagues who stammer. "This is the team that listens best. When the stuttered word arrives, it comes with a power and weight."
Ronan Miller has studied the relationship between stammering and language-learning for his PhD at the University of Valencia, in Spain. It's something he has firsthand experience of. As a young adult, he moved from
Britain to Spain, to leave behind the stress he had experienced when stammering in English. Now, even though
he stammers more in Spanish than in English, he finds
freedom in speaking another language.
Miller also finds that people who stammer have a different relationship with language than fluent speakers.
"Many of us are used to being quite nimble linguistically as a way of navigating a fluency-centric world, for
example by varying syntax or using synonyms to reduce
the impact of stammering," he says. "However, I think
that for this to happen the needs of students who stammer need to be understood and recognised in the classroom."
As one research paper notes, people with a stammer still
face social rejection from childhood through adulthood,
with studies documenting wide-ranging discrimination
including worse job prospects and lower earnings. As St
Pierre points out in his paper on how cultural norms
shape ideas of "broken speech", we as a society also
have an important part to play in normalising voices that
don't sound like our own, for example, by focusing on
the speaker's message and intention, not how fluent they
are. There is much more to language than just words.
St Pierre has found his own liberation in not just accepting but enjoying his way of communicating. "I now
speak thinking about my own pleasure that I find in
speaking as opposed to the the displeasure that my l l
listeners are going to receive," he says. "So so that's way
more important."
(Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news)
Which sentence below correctly demonstrates the
use of the present perfect tense, indicating an action
that started in the past and has relevance to the present?
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Creative Group
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Buritizal - SP
Prova:
Creative Group - 2024 - Prefeitura de Buritizal - SP - Professor de Inglês |
Q3754548
Inglês
Texto associado
'A part of me was crying for freedom': The people
embracing their stutter
By Krupa Padhy, BBC
Eighty million people around the world have a natural
stammer. Krupa Padhy speaks to those who've decided
to embrace it – and discovers surprising benefits.
It was the summer of 2011 and Joshua St Pierre was
working in Edmonton, Canada. He was mid-conversation when he realised the other person wasn't listening.
It was a moment that changed his life.
St Pierre has a stammer, and until then, had always focused on trying to speak as fluently as he could, to make
it more comfortable for others to listen to him. But now,
he began to wonder if it was fair for him to be the one
doing all the work – and what a more balanced effort
might feel like.
"I I I, like most people, spent most of my l lifetime desperately trying to come up to a standard of nooormalcy,"
says St Pierre, who has asked that his quotes in this article include the words he stammers on. "I was doing a
whole lot to try and make other people feel comfortable
when it really actually wasn't much about communication itself."
An estimated 80 million people around the world speak
with a stammer (also known as a stutter in many countries), meaning, they know what they wish to say, but
have difficulty saying the words. Their speech is disrupted by repetitions, pauses or stops. There is still no
clear explanation of what exactly causes stammering,
but research suggests that the region of the brain responsible for planning and executing our speech functions
differently in those with a stammer.
Many children – between 60-80% – who have a stutter
will recover spontaneously. But contrary to popular belief, there isn't a permanent fix to overcoming a stammer. Whilst treatment and support are available (such as
speech language therapy), a high number of people with stammers may relapse after completing therapy. It can
be a life-long effort to suppress a stammer, something
US President Joe Biden has spoken about openly.
As St Pierre notes, however, the physical impact is only
one aspect of the condition. Another is social and may
be more about how stammering is perceived in the mind
of the listener. Studies suggest, for example, that people
who stammer openly may be considered anxious, nervous or embarrassing, purely because of that speech pattern. In a paper inspired by his conversation in Edmonton, St Pierre, who is now a researcher in critical disability studies at the University of Alberta, Canada, argues that this social perception of stammering as "broken speech" is not really about the stammer itself. It's
about the listener's "cultural norms of efficiency, pace,
and self-mastery", and their expectations of what successful communication should be like: succinct and fluent.
"It's not the fact that having d d d dysfluent speech that
causes the breakdown,” argues St Pierre. "It's the way
in which these forms of speech aren't able to be taken
up within the world and heard urm as speech. That's a
really cruel thing, and that's a political thing."
St Pierre and others, including some speech therapists,
are suggesting an alternative view of stammering: not as
a deficiency, but as a way of speaking that is no better
or worse than any others.
In fact, stammering openly can have many benefits,
says Courtney Byrd, a professor of speech, language
and hearing sciences at the University of Texas at Austin, US. She and her team have been working on a model
of treatment that encourages people to stammer with
confidence, even if others around them see it as a deficiency.
"We encourage stuttering openly for effective communication, because when you are avoiding it, you are essentially stifling your own intellect," says Byrd. "I'm
going to say [to people who stutter]: you can be the most
effective communicator and still openly stutter. And I'm
going to show you the path to that. And I also want you
to know that no matter where you live, you are going to
encounter highly educated people who are completely
ignorant about stuttering, and because they are ignorant
they are going to treat you ignorantly. They are going to
say things that will hurt, and they'll say things to you out
of trying to help you."
Speaking to people with a stammer from different countries and cultures, it is striking how similar some of their
experiences are – both in terms of the pain they suffered
through due to the prejudices of those around them, but
also, the relief of no longer hiding it.
Jia Bin was born in a small village in Sichuan province
in southwest China. Her parents were poor, and she felt
she was adding to their burden when she began to stammer as a child.
"It came to a point where I hated myself," she says.
"There were two forces in me – one was to communicate, the other was not to speak. I feel like I compromised a lot of my authenticity."
Bin chose to leave China, and move to the US, partly
because she feared her stutter would never be fully accepted at home. "I was holding down a job, I was married, I gave birth to my daughter before coming to
America at 32. I completed what society wants a normal
Chinese girl to do, but I was so miserable. There was a
part of me crying for freedom. I'd never seen a successful person who stutters in China."
Bin now runs a stammer support group on the Chinese
social media platform WeChat, and is studying for a
PhD in communicative sciences and disorders at Michigan State University. She no longer hides her stutter,
and finds this freeing, but her family still struggles to
accept it. Upon a recent trip to China, she decided to
stammer openly for the first time at a family gathering.
Older relatives gossiped and the children laughed at her.
"If you were able to hide it for 30 years, why don't you
continue to hide it for another 30 years?" asked her
mother.
Classifying stammering as a disability is a divisive subject, because as St Pierre puts it, "the power of ableism
is so strong" – meaning, some people with a stammer
may not wish to identify as disabled.
Former Ernst and Young partner Iain Wilkie spent 40
years of his life feeling ashamed of his stammer. He first
started stammering at the age of seven and was bullied
for it by other children. But in 2022, he gave a TED talk
in London in which he described stuttering as a gift: "I'd
like to start by telling you that I stutter and I'm ok with
that," he began. "It took me 35 years to be ok with that.
And I hope it's ok with you."
Wilkie, who heads the charity 50 Million Voices, which
offers support to people with a stammer in the workplace, believes those who stammer are a huge pool of
under-used talent.
"It's rubbish to think people who stutter can't communicate well," he says. On the contrary, he is convinced that
people who stammer are very good with words. "There's
great presence, we give each other time, it's like a slow
down and we just wait for those words to arrive," says Wilkie, referring to meetings with colleagues who stammer. "This is the team that listens best. When the stuttered word arrives, it comes with a power and weight."
Ronan Miller has studied the relationship between stammering and language-learning for his PhD at the University of Valencia, in Spain. It's something he has firsthand experience of. As a young adult, he moved from
Britain to Spain, to leave behind the stress he had experienced when stammering in English. Now, even though
he stammers more in Spanish than in English, he finds
freedom in speaking another language.
Miller also finds that people who stammer have a different relationship with language than fluent speakers.
"Many of us are used to being quite nimble linguistically as a way of navigating a fluency-centric world, for
example by varying syntax or using synonyms to reduce
the impact of stammering," he says. "However, I think
that for this to happen the needs of students who stammer need to be understood and recognised in the classroom."
As one research paper notes, people with a stammer still
face social rejection from childhood through adulthood,
with studies documenting wide-ranging discrimination
including worse job prospects and lower earnings. As St
Pierre points out in his paper on how cultural norms
shape ideas of "broken speech", we as a society also
have an important part to play in normalising voices that
don't sound like our own, for example, by focusing on
the speaker's message and intention, not how fluent they
are. There is much more to language than just words.
St Pierre has found his own liberation in not just accepting but enjoying his way of communicating. "I now
speak thinking about my own pleasure that I find in
speaking as opposed to the the displeasure that my l l
listeners are going to receive," he says. "So so that's way
more important."
(Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news)
Which of the following sentences from the text contains an active voice construction?
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Creative Group
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Buritizal - SP
Prova:
Creative Group - 2024 - Prefeitura de Buritizal - SP - Professor de Inglês |
Q3754547
Inglês
Texto associado
'A part of me was crying for freedom': The people
embracing their stutter
By Krupa Padhy, BBC
Eighty million people around the world have a natural
stammer. Krupa Padhy speaks to those who've decided
to embrace it – and discovers surprising benefits.
It was the summer of 2011 and Joshua St Pierre was
working in Edmonton, Canada. He was mid-conversation when he realised the other person wasn't listening.
It was a moment that changed his life.
St Pierre has a stammer, and until then, had always focused on trying to speak as fluently as he could, to make
it more comfortable for others to listen to him. But now,
he began to wonder if it was fair for him to be the one
doing all the work – and what a more balanced effort
might feel like.
"I I I, like most people, spent most of my l lifetime desperately trying to come up to a standard of nooormalcy,"
says St Pierre, who has asked that his quotes in this article include the words he stammers on. "I was doing a
whole lot to try and make other people feel comfortable
when it really actually wasn't much about communication itself."
An estimated 80 million people around the world speak
with a stammer (also known as a stutter in many countries), meaning, they know what they wish to say, but
have difficulty saying the words. Their speech is disrupted by repetitions, pauses or stops. There is still no
clear explanation of what exactly causes stammering,
but research suggests that the region of the brain responsible for planning and executing our speech functions
differently in those with a stammer.
Many children – between 60-80% – who have a stutter
will recover spontaneously. But contrary to popular belief, there isn't a permanent fix to overcoming a stammer. Whilst treatment and support are available (such as
speech language therapy), a high number of people with stammers may relapse after completing therapy. It can
be a life-long effort to suppress a stammer, something
US President Joe Biden has spoken about openly.
As St Pierre notes, however, the physical impact is only
one aspect of the condition. Another is social and may
be more about how stammering is perceived in the mind
of the listener. Studies suggest, for example, that people
who stammer openly may be considered anxious, nervous or embarrassing, purely because of that speech pattern. In a paper inspired by his conversation in Edmonton, St Pierre, who is now a researcher in critical disability studies at the University of Alberta, Canada, argues that this social perception of stammering as "broken speech" is not really about the stammer itself. It's
about the listener's "cultural norms of efficiency, pace,
and self-mastery", and their expectations of what successful communication should be like: succinct and fluent.
"It's not the fact that having d d d dysfluent speech that
causes the breakdown,” argues St Pierre. "It's the way
in which these forms of speech aren't able to be taken
up within the world and heard urm as speech. That's a
really cruel thing, and that's a political thing."
St Pierre and others, including some speech therapists,
are suggesting an alternative view of stammering: not as
a deficiency, but as a way of speaking that is no better
or worse than any others.
In fact, stammering openly can have many benefits,
says Courtney Byrd, a professor of speech, language
and hearing sciences at the University of Texas at Austin, US. She and her team have been working on a model
of treatment that encourages people to stammer with
confidence, even if others around them see it as a deficiency.
"We encourage stuttering openly for effective communication, because when you are avoiding it, you are essentially stifling your own intellect," says Byrd. "I'm
going to say [to people who stutter]: you can be the most
effective communicator and still openly stutter. And I'm
going to show you the path to that. And I also want you
to know that no matter where you live, you are going to
encounter highly educated people who are completely
ignorant about stuttering, and because they are ignorant
they are going to treat you ignorantly. They are going to
say things that will hurt, and they'll say things to you out
of trying to help you."
Speaking to people with a stammer from different countries and cultures, it is striking how similar some of their
experiences are – both in terms of the pain they suffered
through due to the prejudices of those around them, but
also, the relief of no longer hiding it.
Jia Bin was born in a small village in Sichuan province
in southwest China. Her parents were poor, and she felt
she was adding to their burden when she began to stammer as a child.
"It came to a point where I hated myself," she says.
"There were two forces in me – one was to communicate, the other was not to speak. I feel like I compromised a lot of my authenticity."
Bin chose to leave China, and move to the US, partly
because she feared her stutter would never be fully accepted at home. "I was holding down a job, I was married, I gave birth to my daughter before coming to
America at 32. I completed what society wants a normal
Chinese girl to do, but I was so miserable. There was a
part of me crying for freedom. I'd never seen a successful person who stutters in China."
Bin now runs a stammer support group on the Chinese
social media platform WeChat, and is studying for a
PhD in communicative sciences and disorders at Michigan State University. She no longer hides her stutter,
and finds this freeing, but her family still struggles to
accept it. Upon a recent trip to China, she decided to
stammer openly for the first time at a family gathering.
Older relatives gossiped and the children laughed at her.
"If you were able to hide it for 30 years, why don't you
continue to hide it for another 30 years?" asked her
mother.
Classifying stammering as a disability is a divisive subject, because as St Pierre puts it, "the power of ableism
is so strong" – meaning, some people with a stammer
may not wish to identify as disabled.
Former Ernst and Young partner Iain Wilkie spent 40
years of his life feeling ashamed of his stammer. He first
started stammering at the age of seven and was bullied
for it by other children. But in 2022, he gave a TED talk
in London in which he described stuttering as a gift: "I'd
like to start by telling you that I stutter and I'm ok with
that," he began. "It took me 35 years to be ok with that.
And I hope it's ok with you."
Wilkie, who heads the charity 50 Million Voices, which
offers support to people with a stammer in the workplace, believes those who stammer are a huge pool of
under-used talent.
"It's rubbish to think people who stutter can't communicate well," he says. On the contrary, he is convinced that
people who stammer are very good with words. "There's
great presence, we give each other time, it's like a slow
down and we just wait for those words to arrive," says Wilkie, referring to meetings with colleagues who stammer. "This is the team that listens best. When the stuttered word arrives, it comes with a power and weight."
Ronan Miller has studied the relationship between stammering and language-learning for his PhD at the University of Valencia, in Spain. It's something he has firsthand experience of. As a young adult, he moved from
Britain to Spain, to leave behind the stress he had experienced when stammering in English. Now, even though
he stammers more in Spanish than in English, he finds
freedom in speaking another language.
Miller also finds that people who stammer have a different relationship with language than fluent speakers.
"Many of us are used to being quite nimble linguistically as a way of navigating a fluency-centric world, for
example by varying syntax or using synonyms to reduce
the impact of stammering," he says. "However, I think
that for this to happen the needs of students who stammer need to be understood and recognised in the classroom."
As one research paper notes, people with a stammer still
face social rejection from childhood through adulthood,
with studies documenting wide-ranging discrimination
including worse job prospects and lower earnings. As St
Pierre points out in his paper on how cultural norms
shape ideas of "broken speech", we as a society also
have an important part to play in normalising voices that
don't sound like our own, for example, by focusing on
the speaker's message and intention, not how fluent they
are. There is much more to language than just words.
St Pierre has found his own liberation in not just accepting but enjoying his way of communicating. "I now
speak thinking about my own pleasure that I find in
speaking as opposed to the the displeasure that my l l
listeners are going to receive," he says. "So so that's way
more important."
(Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news)
Identify the subordinate clause in the following sentence from the text and choose the correct conjunction that introduces it:
"As St Pierre notes, however, the physical impact is only one aspect of the condition."
Ano: 2024
Banca:
Creative Group
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Buritizal - SP
Prova:
Creative Group - 2024 - Prefeitura de Buritizal - SP - Professor de Inglês |
Q3754546
Inglês
Texto associado
'A part of me was crying for freedom': The people
embracing their stutter
By Krupa Padhy, BBC
Eighty million people around the world have a natural
stammer. Krupa Padhy speaks to those who've decided
to embrace it – and discovers surprising benefits.
It was the summer of 2011 and Joshua St Pierre was
working in Edmonton, Canada. He was mid-conversation when he realised the other person wasn't listening.
It was a moment that changed his life.
St Pierre has a stammer, and until then, had always focused on trying to speak as fluently as he could, to make
it more comfortable for others to listen to him. But now,
he began to wonder if it was fair for him to be the one
doing all the work – and what a more balanced effort
might feel like.
"I I I, like most people, spent most of my l lifetime desperately trying to come up to a standard of nooormalcy,"
says St Pierre, who has asked that his quotes in this article include the words he stammers on. "I was doing a
whole lot to try and make other people feel comfortable
when it really actually wasn't much about communication itself."
An estimated 80 million people around the world speak
with a stammer (also known as a stutter in many countries), meaning, they know what they wish to say, but
have difficulty saying the words. Their speech is disrupted by repetitions, pauses or stops. There is still no
clear explanation of what exactly causes stammering,
but research suggests that the region of the brain responsible for planning and executing our speech functions
differently in those with a stammer.
Many children – between 60-80% – who have a stutter
will recover spontaneously. But contrary to popular belief, there isn't a permanent fix to overcoming a stammer. Whilst treatment and support are available (such as
speech language therapy), a high number of people with stammers may relapse after completing therapy. It can
be a life-long effort to suppress a stammer, something
US President Joe Biden has spoken about openly.
As St Pierre notes, however, the physical impact is only
one aspect of the condition. Another is social and may
be more about how stammering is perceived in the mind
of the listener. Studies suggest, for example, that people
who stammer openly may be considered anxious, nervous or embarrassing, purely because of that speech pattern. In a paper inspired by his conversation in Edmonton, St Pierre, who is now a researcher in critical disability studies at the University of Alberta, Canada, argues that this social perception of stammering as "broken speech" is not really about the stammer itself. It's
about the listener's "cultural norms of efficiency, pace,
and self-mastery", and their expectations of what successful communication should be like: succinct and fluent.
"It's not the fact that having d d d dysfluent speech that
causes the breakdown,” argues St Pierre. "It's the way
in which these forms of speech aren't able to be taken
up within the world and heard urm as speech. That's a
really cruel thing, and that's a political thing."
St Pierre and others, including some speech therapists,
are suggesting an alternative view of stammering: not as
a deficiency, but as a way of speaking that is no better
or worse than any others.
In fact, stammering openly can have many benefits,
says Courtney Byrd, a professor of speech, language
and hearing sciences at the University of Texas at Austin, US. She and her team have been working on a model
of treatment that encourages people to stammer with
confidence, even if others around them see it as a deficiency.
"We encourage stuttering openly for effective communication, because when you are avoiding it, you are essentially stifling your own intellect," says Byrd. "I'm
going to say [to people who stutter]: you can be the most
effective communicator and still openly stutter. And I'm
going to show you the path to that. And I also want you
to know that no matter where you live, you are going to
encounter highly educated people who are completely
ignorant about stuttering, and because they are ignorant
they are going to treat you ignorantly. They are going to
say things that will hurt, and they'll say things to you out
of trying to help you."
Speaking to people with a stammer from different countries and cultures, it is striking how similar some of their
experiences are – both in terms of the pain they suffered
through due to the prejudices of those around them, but
also, the relief of no longer hiding it.
Jia Bin was born in a small village in Sichuan province
in southwest China. Her parents were poor, and she felt
she was adding to their burden when she began to stammer as a child.
"It came to a point where I hated myself," she says.
"There were two forces in me – one was to communicate, the other was not to speak. I feel like I compromised a lot of my authenticity."
Bin chose to leave China, and move to the US, partly
because she feared her stutter would never be fully accepted at home. "I was holding down a job, I was married, I gave birth to my daughter before coming to
America at 32. I completed what society wants a normal
Chinese girl to do, but I was so miserable. There was a
part of me crying for freedom. I'd never seen a successful person who stutters in China."
Bin now runs a stammer support group on the Chinese
social media platform WeChat, and is studying for a
PhD in communicative sciences and disorders at Michigan State University. She no longer hides her stutter,
and finds this freeing, but her family still struggles to
accept it. Upon a recent trip to China, she decided to
stammer openly for the first time at a family gathering.
Older relatives gossiped and the children laughed at her.
"If you were able to hide it for 30 years, why don't you
continue to hide it for another 30 years?" asked her
mother.
Classifying stammering as a disability is a divisive subject, because as St Pierre puts it, "the power of ableism
is so strong" – meaning, some people with a stammer
may not wish to identify as disabled.
Former Ernst and Young partner Iain Wilkie spent 40
years of his life feeling ashamed of his stammer. He first
started stammering at the age of seven and was bullied
for it by other children. But in 2022, he gave a TED talk
in London in which he described stuttering as a gift: "I'd
like to start by telling you that I stutter and I'm ok with
that," he began. "It took me 35 years to be ok with that.
And I hope it's ok with you."
Wilkie, who heads the charity 50 Million Voices, which
offers support to people with a stammer in the workplace, believes those who stammer are a huge pool of
under-used talent.
"It's rubbish to think people who stutter can't communicate well," he says. On the contrary, he is convinced that
people who stammer are very good with words. "There's
great presence, we give each other time, it's like a slow
down and we just wait for those words to arrive," says Wilkie, referring to meetings with colleagues who stammer. "This is the team that listens best. When the stuttered word arrives, it comes with a power and weight."
Ronan Miller has studied the relationship between stammering and language-learning for his PhD at the University of Valencia, in Spain. It's something he has firsthand experience of. As a young adult, he moved from
Britain to Spain, to leave behind the stress he had experienced when stammering in English. Now, even though
he stammers more in Spanish than in English, he finds
freedom in speaking another language.
Miller also finds that people who stammer have a different relationship with language than fluent speakers.
"Many of us are used to being quite nimble linguistically as a way of navigating a fluency-centric world, for
example by varying syntax or using synonyms to reduce
the impact of stammering," he says. "However, I think
that for this to happen the needs of students who stammer need to be understood and recognised in the classroom."
As one research paper notes, people with a stammer still
face social rejection from childhood through adulthood,
with studies documenting wide-ranging discrimination
including worse job prospects and lower earnings. As St
Pierre points out in his paper on how cultural norms
shape ideas of "broken speech", we as a society also
have an important part to play in normalising voices that
don't sound like our own, for example, by focusing on
the speaker's message and intention, not how fluent they
are. There is much more to language than just words.
St Pierre has found his own liberation in not just accepting but enjoying his way of communicating. "I now
speak thinking about my own pleasure that I find in
speaking as opposed to the the displeasure that my l l
listeners are going to receive," he says. "So so that's way
more important."
(Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news)
Which modal verb is used in the following sentence
from the text, and what is its function?
"Many children – between 60-80% – who have a stutter will recover spontaneously."
Conheça nossos planos