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Q4090044 Inglês

A new William Hope Hodgson blog

Welcome to Hodgsoniana, a new blog about the life and works of author William Hope Hodgson (1877–1918). The aim of this blog is to provide a home for articles and new research on Hodgson, details of Hodgson-related happenings, and just generally act as an up-to-date (hopefully) resource that’s open to anyone interested in this remarkable literary figure. At time of writing, there is a lack of other active websites covering this subject, which is why starting a blog seemed a worthwhile endeavour. At the very least, it gives me a place to post some Hodgson-related thoughts and findings I’ve been meaning to write up! My hope is that others may be moved to contribute also.

Before going any further, I want to recognise the work of the late Hodgson scholar Sam Gafford, and in particular his excellent Hodgson blog williamhopehodgson.wordpress.com. I first stumbled upon Sam’s blog back in 2016, and his work opened my eyes to the depths and complexities of Hodgson’s history and writings. I entered into brief correspondence with Sam at that time, and his enthusiasm and encouragement were key factors in starting me on the path of pursuing my own Hodgson studies.

Sam Gafford sadly passed away in 2019, leaving his site dormant. It remains a valuable treasure trove of information, and I will certainly aspire to follow Sam’s example in exploring and documenting all matters Hodgson.

2027 will see the 150th anniversary of William Hope Hodgson’s birth. There is still much to discuss regarding his work, and many areas of his life remain obscure and in need of further investigation. I hope this site can help in encouraging and chronicling such efforts.

 

Source: https://hodgsoniana.wordpress.com/2025/06/22/a-new-william-hope-hodgson-blog/ access on 28 february 2026.

By starting the second paragraph with the expression “Before going any further”, the Hodgsoniana blog owner is effectively
Alternativas
Q4090043 Inglês

A new William Hope Hodgson blog

Welcome to Hodgsoniana, a new blog about the life and works of author William Hope Hodgson (1877–1918). The aim of this blog is to provide a home for articles and new research on Hodgson, details of Hodgson-related happenings, and just generally act as an up-to-date (hopefully) resource that’s open to anyone interested in this remarkable literary figure. At time of writing, there is a lack of other active websites covering this subject, which is why starting a blog seemed a worthwhile endeavour. At the very least, it gives me a place to post some Hodgson-related thoughts and findings I’ve been meaning to write up! My hope is that others may be moved to contribute also.

Before going any further, I want to recognise the work of the late Hodgson scholar Sam Gafford, and in particular his excellent Hodgson blog williamhopehodgson.wordpress.com. I first stumbled upon Sam’s blog back in 2016, and his work opened my eyes to the depths and complexities of Hodgson’s history and writings. I entered into brief correspondence with Sam at that time, and his enthusiasm and encouragement were key factors in starting me on the path of pursuing my own Hodgson studies.

Sam Gafford sadly passed away in 2019, leaving his site dormant. It remains a valuable treasure trove of information, and I will certainly aspire to follow Sam’s example in exploring and documenting all matters Hodgson.

2027 will see the 150th anniversary of William Hope Hodgson’s birth. There is still much to discuss regarding his work, and many areas of his life remain obscure and in need of further investigation. I hope this site can help in encouraging and chronicling such efforts.

 

Source: https://hodgsoniana.wordpress.com/2025/06/22/a-new-william-hope-hodgson-blog/ access on 28 february 2026.

The Hodgsoniana blog owner states that Sam Gafford encouraged him to pursue his own studies on Hodgson. How would he say that if he had to quote Gafford’s words?
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Q4090042 Inglês

A new William Hope Hodgson blog

Welcome to Hodgsoniana, a new blog about the life and works of author William Hope Hodgson (1877–1918). The aim of this blog is to provide a home for articles and new research on Hodgson, details of Hodgson-related happenings, and just generally act as an up-to-date (hopefully) resource that’s open to anyone interested in this remarkable literary figure. At time of writing, there is a lack of other active websites covering this subject, which is why starting a blog seemed a worthwhile endeavour. At the very least, it gives me a place to post some Hodgson-related thoughts and findings I’ve been meaning to write up! My hope is that others may be moved to contribute also.

Before going any further, I want to recognise the work of the late Hodgson scholar Sam Gafford, and in particular his excellent Hodgson blog williamhopehodgson.wordpress.com. I first stumbled upon Sam’s blog back in 2016, and his work opened my eyes to the depths and complexities of Hodgson’s history and writings. I entered into brief correspondence with Sam at that time, and his enthusiasm and encouragement were key factors in starting me on the path of pursuing my own Hodgson studies.

Sam Gafford sadly passed away in 2019, leaving his site dormant. It remains a valuable treasure trove of information, and I will certainly aspire to follow Sam’s example in exploring and documenting all matters Hodgson.

2027 will see the 150th anniversary of William Hope Hodgson’s birth. There is still much to discuss regarding his work, and many areas of his life remain obscure and in need of further investigation. I hope this site can help in encouraging and chronicling such efforts.

 

Source: https://hodgsoniana.wordpress.com/2025/06/22/a-new-william-hope-hodgson-blog/ access on 28 february 2026.

The Hodgsoniana blog owner states that “I hope this site can help in encouraging and chronicling such efforts.”. About his choice of words, mark the correct alternative. 
Alternativas
Q4090041 Inglês

A new William Hope Hodgson blog

Welcome to Hodgsoniana, a new blog about the life and works of author William Hope Hodgson (1877–1918). The aim of this blog is to provide a home for articles and new research on Hodgson, details of Hodgson-related happenings, and just generally act as an up-to-date (hopefully) resource that’s open to anyone interested in this remarkable literary figure. At time of writing, there is a lack of other active websites covering this subject, which is why starting a blog seemed a worthwhile endeavour. At the very least, it gives me a place to post some Hodgson-related thoughts and findings I’ve been meaning to write up! My hope is that others may be moved to contribute also.

Before going any further, I want to recognise the work of the late Hodgson scholar Sam Gafford, and in particular his excellent Hodgson blog williamhopehodgson.wordpress.com. I first stumbled upon Sam’s blog back in 2016, and his work opened my eyes to the depths and complexities of Hodgson’s history and writings. I entered into brief correspondence with Sam at that time, and his enthusiasm and encouragement were key factors in starting me on the path of pursuing my own Hodgson studies.

Sam Gafford sadly passed away in 2019, leaving his site dormant. It remains a valuable treasure trove of information, and I will certainly aspire to follow Sam’s example in exploring and documenting all matters Hodgson.

2027 will see the 150th anniversary of William Hope Hodgson’s birth. There is still much to discuss regarding his work, and many areas of his life remain obscure and in need of further investigation. I hope this site can help in encouraging and chronicling such efforts.

 

Source: https://hodgsoniana.wordpress.com/2025/06/22/a-new-william-hope-hodgson-blog/ access on 28 february 2026.

According to the Hodgsoniana blog, regarding Sam Gafford’s work, it is correct to say that 
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Q4090040 Inglês

A new William Hope Hodgson blog

Welcome to Hodgsoniana, a new blog about the life and works of author William Hope Hodgson (1877–1918). The aim of this blog is to provide a home for articles and new research on Hodgson, details of Hodgson-related happenings, and just generally act as an up-to-date (hopefully) resource that’s open to anyone interested in this remarkable literary figure. At time of writing, there is a lack of other active websites covering this subject, which is why starting a blog seemed a worthwhile endeavour. At the very least, it gives me a place to post some Hodgson-related thoughts and findings I’ve been meaning to write up! My hope is that others may be moved to contribute also.

Before going any further, I want to recognise the work of the late Hodgson scholar Sam Gafford, and in particular his excellent Hodgson blog williamhopehodgson.wordpress.com. I first stumbled upon Sam’s blog back in 2016, and his work opened my eyes to the depths and complexities of Hodgson’s history and writings. I entered into brief correspondence with Sam at that time, and his enthusiasm and encouragement were key factors in starting me on the path of pursuing my own Hodgson studies.

Sam Gafford sadly passed away in 2019, leaving his site dormant. It remains a valuable treasure trove of information, and I will certainly aspire to follow Sam’s example in exploring and documenting all matters Hodgson.

2027 will see the 150th anniversary of William Hope Hodgson’s birth. There is still much to discuss regarding his work, and many areas of his life remain obscure and in need of further investigation. I hope this site can help in encouraging and chronicling such efforts.

 

Source: https://hodgsoniana.wordpress.com/2025/06/22/a-new-william-hope-hodgson-blog/ access on 28 february 2026.

The owner of the Hodgsoniana blog states that he found out about Sam Gafford’s blog by accident and that it helped him to grasp the profound layers of William Hodgson’s literature. He employs a metaphor to describe his change in perception. Select the alternative that correctly analyzes this usage.
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Q4090039 Inglês

A new William Hope Hodgson blog

Welcome to Hodgsoniana, a new blog about the life and works of author William Hope Hodgson (1877–1918). The aim of this blog is to provide a home for articles and new research on Hodgson, details of Hodgson-related happenings, and just generally act as an up-to-date (hopefully) resource that’s open to anyone interested in this remarkable literary figure. At time of writing, there is a lack of other active websites covering this subject, which is why starting a blog seemed a worthwhile endeavour. At the very least, it gives me a place to post some Hodgson-related thoughts and findings I’ve been meaning to write up! My hope is that others may be moved to contribute also.

Before going any further, I want to recognise the work of the late Hodgson scholar Sam Gafford, and in particular his excellent Hodgson blog williamhopehodgson.wordpress.com. I first stumbled upon Sam’s blog back in 2016, and his work opened my eyes to the depths and complexities of Hodgson’s history and writings. I entered into brief correspondence with Sam at that time, and his enthusiasm and encouragement were key factors in starting me on the path of pursuing my own Hodgson studies.

Sam Gafford sadly passed away in 2019, leaving his site dormant. It remains a valuable treasure trove of information, and I will certainly aspire to follow Sam’s example in exploring and documenting all matters Hodgson.

2027 will see the 150th anniversary of William Hope Hodgson’s birth. There is still much to discuss regarding his work, and many areas of his life remain obscure and in need of further investigation. I hope this site can help in encouraging and chronicling such efforts.

 

Source: https://hodgsoniana.wordpress.com/2025/06/22/a-new-william-hope-hodgson-blog/ access on 28 february 2026.

According to the information provided by the Hodgsoniana blog, what are the correct statements? Mark T (True) or F (false). ( ) The text focuses on details of Hodgson’s life and works because they are equally obscure, per the text.



( ) The content provided about Hodgson’s absence of genre classification underscores the text’s exclusive focus on biographical data.


( ) As evidenced by the author himself, he was prompted by a brief 2016 contact with Sam Gafford, which necessarily constitutes the blog’s primary motivation.


( ) It is inferred that Hodgson’s obscurity necessarily reflects the blog’s biographical exclusivity and fulfills Sam’s implicit expectation of continued Hodgson studies.

Alternativas
Q4090038 Inglês

A new William Hope Hodgson blog

Welcome to Hodgsoniana, a new blog about the life and works of author William Hope Hodgson (1877–1918). The aim of this blog is to provide a home for articles and new research on Hodgson, details of Hodgson-related happenings, and just generally act as an up-to-date (hopefully) resource that’s open to anyone interested in this remarkable literary figure. At time of writing, there is a lack of other active websites covering this subject, which is why starting a blog seemed a worthwhile endeavour. At the very least, it gives me a place to post some Hodgson-related thoughts and findings I’ve been meaning to write up! My hope is that others may be moved to contribute also.

Before going any further, I want to recognise the work of the late Hodgson scholar Sam Gafford, and in particular his excellent Hodgson blog williamhopehodgson.wordpress.com. I first stumbled upon Sam’s blog back in 2016, and his work opened my eyes to the depths and complexities of Hodgson’s history and writings. I entered into brief correspondence with Sam at that time, and his enthusiasm and encouragement were key factors in starting me on the path of pursuing my own Hodgson studies.

Sam Gafford sadly passed away in 2019, leaving his site dormant. It remains a valuable treasure trove of information, and I will certainly aspire to follow Sam’s example in exploring and documenting all matters Hodgson.

2027 will see the 150th anniversary of William Hope Hodgson’s birth. There is still much to discuss regarding his work, and many areas of his life remain obscure and in need of further investigation. I hope this site can help in encouraging and chronicling such efforts.

 

Source: https://hodgsoniana.wordpress.com/2025/06/22/a-new-william-hope-hodgson-blog/ access on 28 february 2026.

In the third paragraph, the Hodgsoniana blog owner expressed his intent to continue Sam Gafford’s legacy through his own blog. Mark the correct alternative.
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Q4090037 Inglês

A new William Hope Hodgson blog

Welcome to Hodgsoniana, a new blog about the life and works of author William Hope Hodgson (1877–1918). The aim of this blog is to provide a home for articles and new research on Hodgson, details of Hodgson-related happenings, and just generally act as an up-to-date (hopefully) resource that’s open to anyone interested in this remarkable literary figure. At time of writing, there is a lack of other active websites covering this subject, which is why starting a blog seemed a worthwhile endeavour. At the very least, it gives me a place to post some Hodgson-related thoughts and findings I’ve been meaning to write up! My hope is that others may be moved to contribute also.

Before going any further, I want to recognise the work of the late Hodgson scholar Sam Gafford, and in particular his excellent Hodgson blog williamhopehodgson.wordpress.com. I first stumbled upon Sam’s blog back in 2016, and his work opened my eyes to the depths and complexities of Hodgson’s history and writings. I entered into brief correspondence with Sam at that time, and his enthusiasm and encouragement were key factors in starting me on the path of pursuing my own Hodgson studies.

Sam Gafford sadly passed away in 2019, leaving his site dormant. It remains a valuable treasure trove of information, and I will certainly aspire to follow Sam’s example in exploring and documenting all matters Hodgson.

2027 will see the 150th anniversary of William Hope Hodgson’s birth. There is still much to discuss regarding his work, and many areas of his life remain obscure and in need of further investigation. I hope this site can help in encouraging and chronicling such efforts.

 

Source: https://hodgsoniana.wordpress.com/2025/06/22/a-new-william-hope-hodgson-blog/ access on 28 february 2026.

The Hodgsoniana blog owner says he created his blog to have a place to “write up” about William Hope Hodgson. What does he mean by that?
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Q4090036 Inglês

A new William Hope Hodgson blog

Welcome to Hodgsoniana, a new blog about the life and works of author William Hope Hodgson (1877–1918). The aim of this blog is to provide a home for articles and new research on Hodgson, details of Hodgson-related happenings, and just generally act as an up-to-date (hopefully) resource that’s open to anyone interested in this remarkable literary figure. At time of writing, there is a lack of other active websites covering this subject, which is why starting a blog seemed a worthwhile endeavour. At the very least, it gives me a place to post some Hodgson-related thoughts and findings I’ve been meaning to write up! My hope is that others may be moved to contribute also.

Before going any further, I want to recognise the work of the late Hodgson scholar Sam Gafford, and in particular his excellent Hodgson blog williamhopehodgson.wordpress.com. I first stumbled upon Sam’s blog back in 2016, and his work opened my eyes to the depths and complexities of Hodgson’s history and writings. I entered into brief correspondence with Sam at that time, and his enthusiasm and encouragement were key factors in starting me on the path of pursuing my own Hodgson studies.

Sam Gafford sadly passed away in 2019, leaving his site dormant. It remains a valuable treasure trove of information, and I will certainly aspire to follow Sam’s example in exploring and documenting all matters Hodgson.

2027 will see the 150th anniversary of William Hope Hodgson’s birth. There is still much to discuss regarding his work, and many areas of his life remain obscure and in need of further investigation. I hope this site can help in encouraging and chronicling such efforts.

 

Source: https://hodgsoniana.wordpress.com/2025/06/22/a-new-william-hope-hodgson-blog/ access on 28 february 2026.

The expression “passed away” is a common English euphemism. Analyze the following statements and select the alternative that strictly adheres to a formal register. 
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Q4090035 Inglês

A new William Hope Hodgson blog

Welcome to Hodgsoniana, a new blog about the life and works of author William Hope Hodgson (1877–1918). The aim of this blog is to provide a home for articles and new research on Hodgson, details of Hodgson-related happenings, and just generally act as an up-to-date (hopefully) resource that’s open to anyone interested in this remarkable literary figure. At time of writing, there is a lack of other active websites covering this subject, which is why starting a blog seemed a worthwhile endeavour. At the very least, it gives me a place to post some Hodgson-related thoughts and findings I’ve been meaning to write up! My hope is that others may be moved to contribute also.

Before going any further, I want to recognise the work of the late Hodgson scholar Sam Gafford, and in particular his excellent Hodgson blog williamhopehodgson.wordpress.com. I first stumbled upon Sam’s blog back in 2016, and his work opened my eyes to the depths and complexities of Hodgson’s history and writings. I entered into brief correspondence with Sam at that time, and his enthusiasm and encouragement were key factors in starting me on the path of pursuing my own Hodgson studies.

Sam Gafford sadly passed away in 2019, leaving his site dormant. It remains a valuable treasure trove of information, and I will certainly aspire to follow Sam’s example in exploring and documenting all matters Hodgson.

2027 will see the 150th anniversary of William Hope Hodgson’s birth. There is still much to discuss regarding his work, and many areas of his life remain obscure and in need of further investigation. I hope this site can help in encouraging and chronicling such efforts.

 

Source: https://hodgsoniana.wordpress.com/2025/06/22/a-new-william-hope-hodgson-blog/ access on 28 february 2026.

In the second paragraph, the sentence “I want to recognise the work of the late Hodgson scholar Sam Gafford” can be replaced by “I would like to” to increase the level of formality. Choose the alternative that correctly applies the substitution with a more formal equivalent while maintaining lexical and grammatical precision.
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Q4110847 Inglês

Brasil kãki povo indígena ag


Ẽg ga mág tỹ Brasil kãmĩ povo indígena ag tỹ ver ‘e tĩ. Povo tỹ 305 kar kanhgág tag ag tỹ ver hẽremũn vẽnhvĩ tỹ 274 tugtó tĩ (IBGE, 2010). Kanhgág ag vĩ nĩkrén pi tỹ vẽnhrẽnhrẽj han há nỹ, mỹr kanhgág vĩ kar tag tóg vãgfor jãhá nỹtĩ. Gĩr tỹ tugtój vãnh tĩn kỹ tóg krunhkrój nỹtĩ nĩ vẽnhvĩ kar tag ti. Hãra tag tỹvĩn ki ke pijé, ga kar mĩ ke vẽ, vẽnhvĩ ‘e tag, diversidade linguistica tóg tũ ke rã nĩ. Tag ki povo Kaingang tóg tỹ povo mág nĩ Brasil kãki. Ũ tỹ 40 mil kãfãn kỹ tóg nĩ ha população ti. Hẽnrikemũn 50% tóg ver ẽg vĩ tó tĩ. Hãra jérĩn mỹ ẽg vĩ tóg vãfor jãhá nỹ ver. To kanẽ junjur ke ẽg tóg nỹtĩ.


Texto tỹ ne kãmén nẽ?

Alternativas
Q4094086 Inglês
Consider the situation below:
“A: video? some doc – documentary about Climate Change hm hm hm yeah and . . . it B: yes and . . . and you know if you have a Climate Change policy in the future you, you might not A: it’s an immoral yes immoral because er Climate Change means anyway they restrict economic rights B: no no no, I mean – er you mean that Climate Change is immoral and we shouldn’t restrict A: which one is first? . . . the Climate Change eh yes? . . . what do you think, B: the reason that I er I’m against the Climate Change policy . . . when I was at school mh I A: very hard for the government. If er the Climate Change policy is not permitted and they will B: Climate Change? eh yes? . . . what do you think, Climate Change is an immoral act or not? hmm,”
The provided text analyzes a conversation in which the controversial concept of “Climate Change” functions as a keyword and is notably often preceded by the definite article ('the Climate Change'). This signals that speakers are often referring to the concept in general terms, which can heighten its sensitive, abstract, and politicized nature.
In your role as a Technical Specialist in Educational Affairs, advising a research team preparing a publication on an equally controversial, general concept (e.g., 'sustainable development equity' or 'global carbon tax') for an international journal, which directive best integrates Communicative Competence in ELF with the principles of Interculturality when addressing such “keywords”? Adapted from: DEWEY, Martin. English as a lingua franca and globalization: an interconnected perspective. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, v. 17, n. 3, 2007, p. 340.
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Q4094085 Inglês
Take this statement into consideration:
“This is the typical situation nowadays in all multilingual societies where groups are expected to acquire two powerful languages with no recognition of the existing proficiency in the languages which they already possess. The focus on language rather than on content, on the how rather than on the what as condition for participation, lead to serious injustices, especially as content can be delivered in any language with appropriate infrastructure such as translations or multilingual instruction.”
Which linguistic and curricular policy action should be prioritized to go against the injustice caused by the excessive focus on form/language, ensuring that content remains accessible to all?
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Q4094084 Inglês
There is a global conceptual shift: learning English is no longer perceived as an “elegant achievement and symbol of social status,” but is understood as a constitutive part of basic education alongside mother tongue literacy and mathematical skills.
Considering this shift, what policy change is most crucial for developing communicative competence within the framework of higher education internationalization?
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Q4094079 Inglês
The institutional internationalization strategy (aligned with Brazilian governmental goals) requires a “meaningful review of internal procedures” to facilitate interaction with foreign partners and mandates the development of a supporting “foreign language policy.”
In your role of supervising the internationalization projects, which combination of the following actions represents the most complete and effective design for meeting the requirements of a meaningful procedural review of internal procedures and increasing the university's feasibility for foreign interaction?
I. Reviewing and ensuring key administrative forms (e.g., student registration, research clearance) and the official institutional website are available in a basic bilingual format (Portuguese/English), thereby implementing a basic component of the language policy.
II. Establishing a formal policy and training program to ensure frontline administrative staff can provide basic bilingual (Portuguese/English) reception and guidance for international researchers and visitors.
III. Creating a dedicated internal committee to periodically analyze the time taken for internal approval processes (e.g., partnership agreements, ethical review) and propose streamlined, international-friendly timelines and procedures.
IV. Limiting all new institutional research collaboration to countries that share the Portuguese language, avoiding the complexity of adapting internal language policy and administrative procedures.
V. Developing highly technical English-only documentation for all internal processes, assuming all international partners are proficient in the language of globalization. 
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Q4094077 Inglês
A graduate research project involving the university you work for and a key German partner (whose researchers are non-native English speakers) has stalled due to a series of misinterpreted emails. The German partner found the Brazilian emails too direct and 'unprofessional' (low-context communication style), while the Brazilian team viewed the German responses as 'excessively formal and slow.'
In this case, which strategic action best demonstrates the application of Communicative Competence in an English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) and Interculturality context to resolve the impasse and provide capacity building to the Brazilian team?
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Q4094075 Inglês
The University’s Administration prioritizes Internationalization at Home (IaH), dedicating its budget to the explicit goal of benefiting the majority of students and ensuring a global dimension for all, especially those unable to afford travel.
Which of the following actions, proposed by the Office of International Relations, COMPROMISES the core mission of inclusivity and mass access central to IaH? 
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Q4094074 Inglês
Read the text below, which discusses the linguistic complexity in Brazil and the status of English:
“[…] Brazil faces many challenges to learn foreign languages, be them the language of their parents (heritage languages such as Guarani and other indigenous languages or immigrant languages such as Italian, German, Japanese and Pomeranian, to cite but a few), the language of their neighbors (Spanish), the international language (English) or even appropriations of English such as Brazilian English, whatever that may be. Jenkins proposes the view of English as a multilingual franca as referring to its use in multilingual contexts where most people share the same lingua franca, and in that sense, Finardi proposes that English has the status of an international language, rather than a multilingua franca in Brazil. In a country with more than 200 languages spoken by minorities, the development of multilingualism and the view of English as a multilingua franca in Brazil represent a huge challenge for educational policies and pockets […].”
Considering the theoretical role of ELF (English as a Lingua Franca) and the context described, which statement best describes the essential function that ELF must fulfill to mitigate the national risk of linguistic isolation and strategically facilitate global engagement?
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Q4094071 Inglês
Read the text below:
“With the promulgation of the bill 746/2016, converted into law in 2017, that reforms education in Brazil, English was made the only mandatory foreign language in schools, thus threatening the teaching/learning of other foreign languages such as Spanish, French, and Italian. […] Yet, the educational reforms and internationalization agendas are far from reaching consensus among linguists and higher education stakeholders when it comes to the use, teaching and learning of languages for internationalization purposes.”
Considering the need for a critical and sustainable internationalization agenda, which of the following is the most critical implication of making English the sole mandatory foreign language? 
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Q3541319 Inglês
Over time, several methodologies have shaped English Language Teaching (ELT), each with a distinct view of how languages are learned and taught. Regarding these methodologies, relate the items in Column A to those in Column B and then mark the alternative with the correct sequence.

Column A:
I. Audiolingual method II. Grammar translation method III. The direct method IV. The lexical approach
Column B:
( ) This method relied heavily on drills to form some habits; substitution was built into these drills so that, in small steps, the student was constantly learning and, moreover, was shielded from the possibility of making mistakes by the design of the drill.

( ) In this method, students were given (in their own language) explanations of individual points of grammar, and then they were given sentences which exemplified these points. These sentences had to be translated from the target language (L2) back to the students’ first language (L1) and vice versa.

( ) This method arrived at the end of the nineteenth century. It was the product of a reform movement which was reacting to the restrictions of grammar translation. Translation was abandoned in favor of the teacher and the students speaking together, relating the grammatical forms they should be learning to objects and pictures, etc. in order to establish their meaning.

( ) This method is based on the assertion that “language consists not of traditional grammar and vocabulary but often of multi-word prefabricated chunks”.
Alternativas
Respostas
21: B
22: D
23: D
24: A
25: A
26: A
27: C
28: C
29: A
30: C
31: A
32: A
33: E
34: D
35: E
36: B
37: C
38: A
39: D
40: A