“these learners appear to engage in a nonautomatic, effortful form of processing.” (lines 50-51) – endorsement

“Clearly, the notion of L2 proficiency needs to be clarified…” (lines 59-60) – assertion

“It may be important to continue fine-tuning this scale,” (lines 69-70) – permission

“… under workload conditions similar to those they might face in the workplace.” (lines 78-79) – advice

“This and other pedagogical interventions can often be accomplished…” (lines 79-80) – ability