Questões de Concurso Sobre vocabulário | vocabulary em inglês

Foram encontradas 3.149 questões

Q1899999 Inglês
Can alternative tailings disposal become the norm in mining?

   There is no doubt that the resources extracted from mining are critical to our way of life. Likely, you’re reading this on your computer, smartphone, or tablet. Mining touches all our lives daily (in addition to metals used in electronics, think about that can of soda you are drinking, or the aggregate used to pave your driveway). The industry works hard to make sure the net impact is positive. 
   However, the waste associated with mining, both past and present, is an unavoidable result of conventional mineral processing. In the future it may be possible to extract metals like copper and gold without crushing and grinding the ore down to fine particle size and adding considerable quantities of liquid, resulting in conventional tailings.
    What are the challenges associated with conventional tailings? Well, it is all about water. Managing seepage from the tailings themselves, monitoring pore water pressure within the tailings dams or designing facilities to safely store or pass flood events. Because such a significant quantity of water is added during mineral processing, “conventional” tailings dams store the tailings as a slurry. Water within the tailing material is either evaporated, migrates as seepage or remains entrained within the tailings impoundment. Removing water prior to disposal through various means is considered “alternative” disposal. Mining low grades of ore has resulted in increased water use per unit of production. In some cases, the availability of water is one of the greatest constraints on mine development.

Internet: <www.stantec.com> (adapted). 
Considering the ideas stated in the text and the vocabulary used in it, judge the following item. 

In the second sentence of the first paragraph, the word “Likely” means the same as Probably.
Alternativas
Q1897725 Inglês

Consider on the text, judge the item.


The sentence “including the right to possess, sell, lease, and enjoy the land” (lines 11 and 12) can be correctly rewritten as including the right of possessing, selling, leasing, and enjoying the land without changes in the meaning. 

Alternativas
Q1897724 Inglês

Consider on the text, judge the item.


In terms of meaning, the sentence “Broadly speaking” (line 8) can be correctly replaced by Generally speaking.

Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: Petrobras Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Administração | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Análise – Transporte Marítimo | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Análise – Comércio e Suprimento | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia de Equipamentos – Mecânica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Geofísica – Física | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia de Processamento | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia de Segurança de Processo | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Geologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Geofísica – Geologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia de Produção | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia de Equipamentos – Elétrica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia de Equipamentos – Terminais e Dutos | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia de Equipamentos – Inspeção | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia de Equipamentos – Eletrônica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia de Petróleo | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Analista de Sistemas – Engenharia de Software | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Analista de Sistemas – Infraestrutura | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia Ambiental | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia Civil | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia Naval | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Engenharia de Segurança do Trabalho | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Economia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Ciência de Dados | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2022 - Petrobras - Analista de Sistemas – Processos de negócio |
Q1890997 Inglês
      The worn wooden floorboards squeak under Rafael Molina’s heavy steps as he paces the saloon. Outside, the sound of galloping horses breaks the silence of the surrounding desert. All around him, the Old West town’s empty shops and abandoned houses look as if they have just been ransacked by cowboy bandits. 

      “When I was a kid, I could only dream about all this,” says the 68-year-old former actor and stuntman. “My aspiration was to see a film set firsthand. Today I own one of the most famous ones in the history of Western movies.”

      But this busy movie site is located in Spain — not Montana or Texas. It’s one of three faux Old Western towns in the small village of Tabernas and the surrounding desert of the Almería province. Since the late 1950s, these rugged mountains, arid plains, and dry canyons have provided the backdrops for more than 170 movie Westerns, including The Good, The Bad and The Ugly (1966) and Once Upon a Time in The West (1968). 

      Molina belongs to a small community of local cowboy actors and stuntmen in Tabernas who have played a role in movies and TV shows since the first productions in the 1950s. They can perform anything from fistfights to horse drags. Knowledge and skills often pass from father to son, keeping tricks of the trade in the family. Steeped in the golden era of Westerns, these actors embody the values of their movie heroes: pride, bravado, freedom, and a trusting relationship with horses. 

      “I’ve always liked horses and the [U.S.] West,” says 29- year-old Ricardo Cruz Fernández, a stuntman and cowboy who appeared in recent productions including Game of Thrones. Fernández started his career as a cowboy after completing a stuntman course a decade ago.

      Between productions, he performs daily shows at Fort Bravo for thousands of tourists who visit the set each year. In one show, Fernández portrays a bank robber who absconds with some gold. Visitors encounter him in the saloon, fist and (fake) gun fighting with actors playing his double-crossing accomplices. The town also offers cancan dance shows and set tours by horsedrawn wagon. 

      “I prefer to play the bad guy, because it gives me a wider range of possibilities,” says Fernández. “The good guy only has to keep things in order.”

      Almería has hosted more than 500 productions, including blockbuster films (Patton, Terminator: Dark Fate) and TV shows (Doctor Who). “Our landscapes are very convenient. We have sea, desert, and snowy mountains all within a short distance,” says local producer Plácido Martínez. “We can serve as Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California, and endless other natural settings.” 


Matteo Fagotto. The Wild West lives on in southern Spain. In: National Geographic. Internet: (adapted)

Concerning the previous text and its linguistic aspects, judge the following item.  



In the fifth paragraph, the word “stuntman” means a man who performs a dangerous action which needs to be done by someone skilled, especially instead of an actor in a film or television programme. 

Alternativas
Q1880457 Inglês

Leia o texto para responder à questão.



      When using technology to provide services, practitioner competence and the well-being of the client remain primary. Social workers who use technology to provide services should evaluate their ability to assess the relative benefits and risks of providing social work services using technology (for example, in-person services may be necessary when clients pose a significant risk of self-harm or injurious behavior, are cognitively impaired, require sustained support by a social worker with whom they have an ongoing professional relationship, or are in crisis). 


      These professionals should also ensure that electronic social work services can be kept confidential. For example, the information provided by the client should only be accessible by those who require access and that the host of the server used for electronic communication agrees to abide by the privacy policies of the social worker. It is important to respect clear professional boundaries – for example, social workers should be mindful of boundary confusion that may result if they disclose personal information about themselves or others in an online setting to which clients have access.


      Besides, they should confirm the identity of the client to whom services are provided electronically at the beginning of each contact with the client (examples include confirming a client’s online consent with a telephone call; providing the client with a password, passcode, or image that is specifically for the client’s use when providing consent electronically).


(NASW, ASWB, CSWE, & CS WA Standards for Technology in Social Work Parctice. www.socialworkers.org, 2017. Pp 11-12. Adaptado)

The term “Besides”, at the beginning of the 3rd paragraph, establishes between the 2nd and 3rd paragraphs a relation of
Alternativas
Q1877930 Inglês
   Early electronic computers such as Colossus made use of punched tape, a long strip of paper on which data was represented by a series of holes, a technology now obsolete. Electronic data storage, which is used in modern computers, dates from World War II, when a form of delay-line memory was developed to remove the clutter from radar signals, the first practical application of which was the mercury delay line. The first random-access digital storage device was the Williams tube, based on a standard cathode ray tube, but the information stored in it was volatile in that it had to be continuously refreshed, and thus was lost once power was removed. The earliest form of nonvolatile computer storage was the magnetic drum, invented in 1932 and used in the Ferranti Mark 1, the world’s first commercially available general-purpose electronic computer. 

Information Technology. Internet: <en.wikipedia.org> (adapted). 

Considering the text above, judge the following item. 



The verb “removed” (third sentence) can be adequately replaced with taken out. 

Alternativas
Q1873871 Inglês
Phishing

Imagine that you get an email one morning. It appears to be from your bank. The email warns that someone broke into your account. It says that you need to sign in to check some things. You click the link in the email. It takes you to a site that looks very much like your bank’s. You enter your username and password. You submit the form. You’ve just been phished!

Phishing is a type of attack that happens over the Internet. Users receive an email or text message that seems like it came from a trusted source. These users are being deceived. They are interacting with dangerous hackers. The attackers copy trusted companies. They send users to web pages that look like the ones we use everyday. When users login or provide sensitive information, the attackers steal this data.

Attackers want your data for many reasons. They may use your data to commit identity fraud. This is when they use your identity to buy something with your credit. Then they receive the goods and you receive the bill. Or they may want your password to take over a computer network. They may want access to private emails. They may want customer records. They gain access by tricking people into giving them their login info.

Some phishing attacks are targeted. A targeted phishing attack is called a spear phishing attack. These attacks are dangerous because they are convincing. The attacker may know the target’s name, address, or job title. They may have gathered info from social networks, like the names of friends or family. The attackers may use this personal information to craft a believable email. The target will be tricked into clicking a link. The link will send them to a phony website. This site will look familiar, but it will be a spoofed site built to steal data. Any data that the target submits will go to the hacker.

Phishing attacks are dangerous, but you can spot them if you pay attention. One thing to watch is your address bar in your browser. Attackers use domains that look like the ones that we trust, but they are not the same. For example, in 2016 staffers from Hillary Clinton’s campaign were spear phished. The attackers used the domain accounts-google.com. That domain looks like google.com, but it isn’t the same. When logging into google, you should always do it from google.com. Likewise, when logging into any account, make sure the address matches what you expect. If you are unsure, search for the site and login from the root domain.

An even better way to secure your account against phishing attacks is to use 2FA: two factor authentication. 2FA means that your account is secured with two keys. The first is your password. The second key is a random code that changes every few minutes. This code may be generated by a 2FA app, like Authy. Or it can be sent to your cell phone on request. If you activate 2FA on your accounts, an attacker will not be able to get in even with your password.

Phishing attacks are scary and common. The reason why they are common is that they are effective. Many people accept appearances without suspicion. Browsing the Internet safely requires a healthy amount of suspicion. Not everything is what it appears. Nobody is trying to give you free money. Don’t trust; verify.
In the sentence “This site will look familiar, but it will be a spoofed site built to steal data.”, the correct definition for the word spoofed is in which alternative?
Alternativas
Q1873870 Inglês
Phishing

Imagine that you get an email one morning. It appears to be from your bank. The email warns that someone broke into your account. It says that you need to sign in to check some things. You click the link in the email. It takes you to a site that looks very much like your bank’s. You enter your username and password. You submit the form. You’ve just been phished!

Phishing is a type of attack that happens over the Internet. Users receive an email or text message that seems like it came from a trusted source. These users are being deceived. They are interacting with dangerous hackers. The attackers copy trusted companies. They send users to web pages that look like the ones we use everyday. When users login or provide sensitive information, the attackers steal this data.

Attackers want your data for many reasons. They may use your data to commit identity fraud. This is when they use your identity to buy something with your credit. Then they receive the goods and you receive the bill. Or they may want your password to take over a computer network. They may want access to private emails. They may want customer records. They gain access by tricking people into giving them their login info.

Some phishing attacks are targeted. A targeted phishing attack is called a spear phishing attack. These attacks are dangerous because they are convincing. The attacker may know the target’s name, address, or job title. They may have gathered info from social networks, like the names of friends or family. The attackers may use this personal information to craft a believable email. The target will be tricked into clicking a link. The link will send them to a phony website. This site will look familiar, but it will be a spoofed site built to steal data. Any data that the target submits will go to the hacker.

Phishing attacks are dangerous, but you can spot them if you pay attention. One thing to watch is your address bar in your browser. Attackers use domains that look like the ones that we trust, but they are not the same. For example, in 2016 staffers from Hillary Clinton’s campaign were spear phished. The attackers used the domain accounts-google.com. That domain looks like google.com, but it isn’t the same. When logging into google, you should always do it from google.com. Likewise, when logging into any account, make sure the address matches what you expect. If you are unsure, search for the site and login from the root domain.

An even better way to secure your account against phishing attacks is to use 2FA: two factor authentication. 2FA means that your account is secured with two keys. The first is your password. The second key is a random code that changes every few minutes. This code may be generated by a 2FA app, like Authy. Or it can be sent to your cell phone on request. If you activate 2FA on your accounts, an attacker will not be able to get in even with your password.

Phishing attacks are scary and common. The reason why they are common is that they are effective. Many people accept appearances without suspicion. Browsing the Internet safely requires a healthy amount of suspicion. Not everything is what it appears. Nobody is trying to give you free money. Don’t trust; verify.
The words sensitive information in the second paragraph, is closest in meaning to:
Alternativas
Q1866963 Inglês

Leia o texto a seguir e responda a questão.


“He remembered the time he had hooked one of a pair of marlin. The male fish always let the female fish feed first and the hooked fish, the female, made a wild, panic-stricken, despairing fight that soon exhausted her, and all the time the male had stayed with her, crossing the line and circling with her on the surface.

He had stayed so close that the old man was afraid he would cut the line with his tail which was sharp as a scythe and almost of that size and shape. When the old man had gaffed her and clubbed her, holding the rapier bill with its sandpaper edge and clubbing her across the top of her head until her colour turned to a colour almost like the backing of mirrors, and then, with the boy’s aid, hoisted her aboard, the male fish had stayed by the side of the boat.

Then, while the old man was clearing the lines and preparing the harpoon, the male fish jumped high into the air beside the boat to see where the female was and then went down deep, his lavender wings, that were his pectoral fins, spread wide and all his wide lavender stripes showing. He was beautiful, the old man remembered, and he had stayed.”

HEMINGWAY, Ernest. The Old Man and the Sea.

Eua: Hueber Verlag, 1952. 108 p.

“the male fish jumped high into the air beside the boat to see where the female was and then went down deep, his lavender wings, that were his pectoral fins,”


O trecho destacado acima tem a função de:
Alternativas
Q3984535 Inglês

Read text 3 and answer the question.


Text 3

Lawyers say they can’t find the parents of 545 migrant children separated by Trump administration By Julia Ainsley and Jacob Soboroff




(Retrived from: <https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/immigration/lawyers-say-they-can-t-find-parents-545-migrant-children-n1244066>.)

The word “about”, paragraph 1, line 3, could be properly substituted by:
Alternativas
Q3984528 Inglês

Read text 1 and answer the question.


Text 1

The socio-cultural implications of Covid-19

By Professor Fethi Mansouri



(Retrived from:<https://en.unesco.org/news/socio-cultural-implications-covid-19>)

What is the best word to replace “precluding”, paragraph 1, line 3?
Alternativas
Q2815881 Inglês

Fill in the blanks with for or since.


I don’t sleep ________ Friday.

They didn't drink ________ last night.

He didn’t shower _________ days.

It has been snowing ______ Wednesday.


Select the CORRECT answer.

Alternativas
Q2815869 Inglês

Complete the following sentences with some or any.


I’m going to drink _______ milk.

Do you have _______ friends here? No, I don’t.

Could you give me _______ water?

He has _______ problems.


Select the CORRECT answer.

Alternativas
Q2815859 Inglês

Complete the following sentences with the appropriate adjective or adverb.


James likes to cook but he cooks __________ (terrible).

Marie has three jobs. She works very __________ (hard).

I am late, so I must walk __________ (fast).


Select the CORRECT answer.

Alternativas
Q2815858 Inglês

READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER QUESTIONS 41 TO 46.


TEXT


Petroleum Alternatives. A new promising source


Human consumption of fossil fuels is expected to fully deplete the Earth’s crude oil reserves by the year 2060. As underground reservoirs of oil continue to shrink, we have no choice but to find alternatives. One promising source, with much cleaner emissions, is called bio-diesel. Bio-diesel is often made from soybean oil, although it can be made from any vegetable oil that is not elementally different from soy. Bio-diesel can even be made from used cooking oils that homes or restaurants would otherwise dispose of. Biodiesel can be used without constraint in any vehicle that runs on diesel—no modifications are needed. Presently, diesel engines can take up to 20 percent soy in their soy-diesel blend. As the need for bio-diesel increases and the technology improves, we may soon witness the extinction of the fossil-fueled vehicle.This is good news for the planet, as biodiesel is a more stable source of energy than petroleum, and it reduces contamination of our air and water.

The word “shrink”, in line 3, could be better substituted by which of the following options?

Alternativas
Q2815857 Inglês

READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER QUESTIONS 41 TO 46.


TEXT


Petroleum Alternatives. A new promising source


Human consumption of fossil fuels is expected to fully deplete the Earth’s crude oil reserves by the year 2060. As underground reservoirs of oil continue to shrink, we have no choice but to find alternatives. One promising source, with much cleaner emissions, is called bio-diesel. Bio-diesel is often made from soybean oil, although it can be made from any vegetable oil that is not elementally different from soy. Bio-diesel can even be made from used cooking oils that homes or restaurants would otherwise dispose of. Biodiesel can be used without constraint in any vehicle that runs on diesel—no modifications are needed. Presently, diesel engines can take up to 20 percent soy in their soy-diesel blend. As the need for bio-diesel increases and the technology improves, we may soon witness the extinction of the fossil-fueled vehicle.This is good news for the planet, as biodiesel is a more stable source of energy than petroleum, and it reduces contamination of our air and water.

The word “deplete”, in line 1, could be better substituted by which of the following options?

Alternativas
Q2669122 Inglês

Read the following sentence:


The Common National Base is intended for the overall ............................................... development and it must ensure that the ............................................................ provided for under law, as well as the target student profile will be accomplished, thus making Basic Education an actual asset available to every ........................................ .


Choose the alternative that correctly fills the gaps in the sentence.

Alternativas
Q2424755 Inglês

Choose the alternative where there is an odd word in the sequence.

Alternativas
Q2423870 Inglês

Escolha a alternativa que corretamente completa a sentença abaixo.


Every night ______________ eating before 10 p.m.

Alternativas
Q2423072 Inglês

British troops move black rhinos to Malawi


British troops have helped to move a group of critically endangered black rhinos from South Africa to Malawi to protect them against poaching. Soldiers from the 2nd Battalion Royal Gurkha Rifles moved 17 of the animals, which are hunted for their horns, in the hope they can be better protected. They were transported by air and road from KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa to Liwonde National Park in Malawi.

The troops then spent three months training rangers to keep them safe. Major Jez England, the officer commanding the British Army counter-poaching team in Liwonde, said the operation had been “hugely successful”. “Not only do we share skills with the rangers, improving their efficiency and ability to patrol larger areas, but it also provides a unique opportunity for our soldiers to train in a challenging environment”, he said.

The UK government says it has committed more than £36m to tackle the illegal wildlife trade between 2014 and 2021. Part of this is to help support trans-boundary work to allow animals to move more safely between areas and across national borders.


(Site: BBC - adaptado.)

Choose the word related to appearance:

Alternativas
Respostas
1401: C
1402: C
1403: C
1404: C
1405: C
1406: C
1407: E
1408: A
1409: D
1410: C
1411: E
1412: C
1413: C
1414: A
1415: D
1416: C
1417: D
1418: A
1419: C
1420: A