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Questões de Concurso Sobre sinônimos | synonyms em inglês

Foram encontradas 1.586 questões

Q1775313 Inglês



From Isaiah Berlin, The Roots of Romanticism. Princeton University Press: Princeton, New Jersey, 1999, pps. 2-3.

Considering the ideas and the vocabulary of the text, mark the following item as right (C) or wrong (E).
In lines 29 and 30, the words “doubt” and “folly” have the same meaning.
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Q1775311 Inglês



Gombrich, E. H. The Story of Art. Phaidon, 16th.

Ed. 1995. pp.65-6, with adaptations.

As far as vocabulary is concerned, mark the following item as right (C) or wrong (E).


The word “novel”, in “novel character” (line 37), means “fictional, not based on real life”.

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Q1775310 Inglês



Gombrich, E. H. The Story of Art. Phaidon, 16th.

Ed. 1995. pp.65-6, with adaptations.

As far as vocabulary is concerned, mark the following item as right (C) or wrong (E).


The fragment “after his god” (line 34) means “prostrated himself in front of the deity”.

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Q1775309 Inglês



Gombrich, E. H. The Story of Art. Phaidon, 16th.

Ed. 1995. pp.65-6, with adaptations.

As far as vocabulary is concerned, mark the following item as right (C) or wrong (E).


The expression “fall into place” (lines 2 and 3) means “to begin to make sense or to fit together”.

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Q1775289 Inglês



Stanzel, V. New Realities in Foreign Affairs: Diplomacy in the 21st Century. SWP Research Paper 2018/RP 11, November 2018, with adaptations.

Considering the vocabulary of the text, mark the following item as right (C) or wrong (E).
The word “very” in line 3 is synonymous with extremely.
Alternativas
Q1775288 Inglês



Munoz, Maricela. “Diplomacy in times of COVID-19.” Diplo (blog). Jul. 16, 2020. Accessed Sep. 10, 2020. https://www.diplomacy.edu/blog, with adaptations. 

Regarding the vocabulary of the text, mark the following item as right (C) or wrong (E).
In line 19, the word “hindered” could be replaced with the expression set back without changing the meaning of the sentence.
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Q1769102 Inglês
Text 

Workplace Happiness
Happiness is often equated with a form of mood or emotion. The term in the present form was defined by Argyle (1987) as the positive inner feeling of an individual towards a particular aspect. The term happiness is viewed as a positive personnel feeling, contentment, pleasure, joy, gladness and enjoyment. Some authors view it as a moment. The term is often confused with the word satisfaction; both these terms are used simultaneously by many authors. The Psychologists attribute different meanings to satisfaction and happiness. The term is associated with positive organizational behavior (Luthans, 2002; Cropanzano & Wright, 2001).
The psychological explanation for happiness is a particular moment in the transition process of behavior. But the happiness may be prolonged unlike the emotion in some circumstances. The happiness is derived on acceptance of the policy or practices of the organization. The differentiation between happiness and satisfaction is another complex set of issues where researchers were engaged. The Human Development Index was developed by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to measure the extent of development in response to society needs, in Bhutan the measure for development is the Happiness Index (Karma Ura, 2015). The World has designated 20th March as International Happiness Day. The Happiness at the work place is the level of contentment of the employees and their feelings towards work and performance. The happiness at workplace is not to be confused with satisfaction. The happiness at workplace is inherent to the psychology of individual but whether it is source for satisfaction is a research question. The factors of happiness and satisfaction at the workplace are a debatable issue.
Adapted from:
https://zenodo.org/record/888497/files/p4i8v5ijmfm-Full-%2027- 42%20%20Vijaya%20Lakshmi%20%20Jun-2017.pdf. Accessed on April 07, 2021.
The word mood in “Happiness is often equated with a form of mood or emotion” means:
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Q1769100 Inglês

Text 


What is Engineering Mind-set thinking?

Engineering Mind-set Thinking is a way of thinking that combines the problem solving/design process with the life-skills that fosters dealing with others as in a team. It provides the culture, measurements, feedback, planning skills, tools and values of engineering without the high level knowledge of math and science (Content Knowledge). Mastering this way of thinking is important for all students, regardless of their career objectives.

You can integrate Engineering mind-set thinking into an existing curriculum by including project-based, experiential focus on all social skills that connect people & society to create a better design and problem-solving solution. It's the culture & tools for thinking. Away of thinking for an entire organization. 

The process is not only about solving problems but also about interfacing with people and the community to communicate background information about the problem. In the business world this means having empathy with your customer. The mindset is breaking the problem into manageable chucks to better understand the problem, taking a system view (inputs & outputs) of the problem and seeing the right issues are addressed for the needs of the community. It's being a leader of your learning environment and taking ownership and responsibility of the project. Engineering mindset also means seeing problems as opportunities and the fun in solving those problems.

Adapted from: https://cdn.websiteeditor.net/06ca7b6b3119475dafa9b75f534f6827/files/uploaded/ Engineering-Mind-set-summary-13.pdf Accessed on April 5, 2021.

All the words below are synonyms of leader, EXCEPT:
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Q1768267 Inglês



(Available at: https://elearninginfographics.com/4-signs-you-have-real-flipped-classroom-infographic/ th Accessed on September 25 , 2020)

The word “telltale” in the sentence “Here are four telltale signs you're doing it right” is closest in meaning to
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Q1768262 Inglês

How teachers are trying to reach English language learners during pandemic

(Apr 29, 2020 4:23 pm – by Jo Napolitano, The Hechinger Report) 


Administrators at Dorchester School District Two in suburban Summerville, South Carolina, were well aware of the digital divide when they decided to give students both paper and online resources after shuttering schools because of coronavirus. But even their best efforts have some educators worried, especially those who teach English to speakers of other languages (ESOL).

Katie Crook, Newington Elementary School’s only ESOL teacher, didn’t hear back from many of the parents she texted early on. Many of her students, she said, were born in the United States and live in Spanish-speaking homes. So she tried a decidedly old-school means of communication: letter writing.

Crook began each note with a joyful “Hello!” before telling students how much she missed them. “I am so sad that school is closed and we can’t work together right now,” she wrote. “If you want, you can write me back and tell me how you are and what you have been up to. Love, Mrs. Crook.” The veteran teacher included a self-addressed stamped envelope along with every card.



“Their lives have been totally turned upside down. There is so much goodness in school that they are missing out on. I want them to know their teachers love them and miss them and are really excited about when they get to see them again,” she said. 

Crook received her first response April 9, and she was so thrilled by the correspondence that she tore it open right away. The letter, written on a blank piece of computer paper, was just a few sentences long — it began with, “Hi Mrs. Crook, I miss you to (sic)” — but was more than enough to prove her effort was worth it.

Among the more than 55 million students forced to stay home because of coronavirus-related school closures are at least 4.9 million English-language learners (ELLs). These students made up 9.6 percent of all school-age children in the fall of 2016, the last year for which such data is available. The number has likely risen, according to experts. 


By law, schools must ensure ELLs “can participate meaningfully and equally in educational programs,” according to the U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, and the U.S. Department of Education’s Office of Civil Rights. And they must communicate with families in a language they understand. 


Schools often fell short of these requirements, even before the current crisis. 


Tim Boals, executive director of WIDA, a group that provides educational resources for multilingual learners, worries the shutdowns will result in an even greater marginalization of those students. “I think schools are struggling now to serve all their kids, so there is no doubt in my mind that this is an issue,” he said. (…)


(Adapted from: https://www.pbs.org/newshour/education/how-teachers-are-trying-to-reach-english-language-learners-during-pandemic. Accessed on September th 30 , 2020)

“Schools often fell short of these requirements, even before the current crisis.” In this sentence, “fell short of” can be replaced by
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Q1753960 Inglês
    The pandemic has exposed a contradiction in modern society. We are more connected than ever – proven by the speed and truly global spread of the virus; nevertheless, we are also deeply divided.
    Today’s connectedness, enforced by social distancing, has pushed the role of technology in every aspect of our lives to a new level. The tech industry is now in a challenging space: trapped between the increasing politicization of technology, the still superficial social debate around its impact and the slow adaptation of appropriate legislation. Right now, the industry needs to enable and push forward this ethical debate, recognizing its responsibility in this historic moment.
    The first step is to end the myth of tech neutrality. We need to acknowledge that technology is caught between private economic interests and its social value. Some tech business models, for example, prioritize commodification of data or advertising revenue over the social value of their services — the sharing of knowledge, connecting people, etc.
    The social impact of tech is deeper than we usually perceive and most of the time invisible to us. Digital architecture determines, increasingly, social interactions in our digital society. An example of this is the invisible influence of search engine and social media algorithms, the results of which shape our understanding of the world.
    In this moment of crisis, technology can play a fundamental role in overcoming the economic recession and reducing the systemic injustices that have been exposed.
Social exclusion - the next pandemic.
Internet: <www.thoughtworks.com> (adapted)

Concerning the ideas stated in the text and the words used in it, judge the following items.
The words “trapped” (in the second sentence of the second paragraph) and “caught” (in the second sentence of the third paragraph) can be considered synonyms and are used with similar meanings in the text.
Alternativas
Q1753958 Inglês
    The pandemic has exposed a contradiction in modern society. We are more connected than ever – proven by the speed and truly global spread of the virus; nevertheless, we are also deeply divided.
    Today’s connectedness, enforced by social distancing, has pushed the role of technology in every aspect of our lives to a new level. The tech industry is now in a challenging space: trapped between the increasing politicization of technology, the still superficial social debate around its impact and the slow adaptation of appropriate legislation. Right now, the industry needs to enable and push forward this ethical debate, recognizing its responsibility in this historic moment.
    The first step is to end the myth of tech neutrality. We need to acknowledge that technology is caught between private economic interests and its social value. Some tech business models, for example, prioritize commodification of data or advertising revenue over the social value of their services — the sharing of knowledge, connecting people, etc.
    The social impact of tech is deeper than we usually perceive and most of the time invisible to us. Digital architecture determines, increasingly, social interactions in our digital society. An example of this is the invisible influence of search engine and social media algorithms, the results of which shape our understanding of the world.
    In this moment of crisis, technology can play a fundamental role in overcoming the economic recession and reducing the systemic injustices that have been exposed.
Social exclusion - the next pandemic.
Internet: <www.thoughtworks.com> (adapted)

Concerning the ideas stated in the text and the words used in it, judge the following items.
The sentence “the industry needs to enable and push forward this ethical debate” (in the last sentence of the second paragraph) can be correctly rephrased as the industry ought to facilitate and advance forward this ethical debate, without changing the meaning of the text
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Q1750585 Inglês
Let’s keep the lights on when she’s your age. What sort of world will this little girl grow up in? Many experts agree that it will be a considerably more energyhungry one. There are already seven billion people on our planet. And the forecast is that there will be around two billion more by 2050. So if we’re going to keep the lights on for her, we will need to look at every possible energy source. At Shell we’re exploring a broad mix of energies. We’re making our fuels and lubricants more advanced and more efficient than before. With our partner in Brazil, we’re also producing ethanol, a biofuel made from renewable sugar cane. And we’re delivering natural gas to more countries than any other energy company. When used to generate electricity, natural gas emits around half the CO2 of coal. Let’s broaden the world’s energy mix. (Newsweek. June 25, 2012. Cover. Adapted.)
In “And the forecast is that there will be around two billion more by 2050” the underlined word means
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Q1739914 Inglês

Leia o texto para responder à questão.


BOOK REVIEW: HOW TO TEACH ENGLISH BY

JEREMY HARMER


Right at the top of the recommended reading list for Eton Institute’s TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages) program is “How to Teach English” by Jeremy Harmer. Alisa W., TESOL graduate from Eton Institute, shares with us a review of the book and how it helped her own personal TESOL journey.

Prior to the training course I took to learn how to be an EFL teacher, I had no formal teacher training, I had a limited exposure to different styles of teaching, and I had never even done basic self-reflection about why I preferred some instructors over others (I always assumed it was their personality that I enjoyed). If the CEFR gave teacher ratings, I would be at the A1.1 level. I read ‘How to Teach English’ by Jeremy Harmer as part of my TESOL training course, and it was perfect for my level. It is by no means a replacement to a full teaching course, but it is a valuable supplement to those who are learning and a good refresher for those who have been out of practice for a while. It provides contemporary teaching practices and keeps its descriptions pithy and hands-on.

While some of the sections are a bit obvious or too shallow to be useful, the book is so well organized that it is easy to find what you need and skip over what you don’t. Each chapter is divided into main sections (also listed in the table of contents), and subdivided again, bolds important words, and features a list at the end of the chapter that allows you to briefly review what you just read.

As with any well-designed reference book, the glossary, index, and appendices in the back are good sources for extending your self-education as a teacher.

The book comes with a DVD that has clips from real classes so you can observe good teaching practice in the comfort of your pyjamas and the support of a bowl of chips. The DVD wouldn’t play on my MacBook, so I can’t tell you if it is helpful or not. Another feature that is nice-to-have-but-I-didn’t-use is the “Task Files” at the back. After completing a chapter, you can quiz yourself by completing info tables, answering multiple-choice questions, matching definitions, and the like.

Adaptado de: ETON INSTITUTE. Disponível em: https://etoninstitute.com/blog/book-review-how-toteach-english-by-jeremy-harmer. Acesso em 27 mar. 2021.

Mark the word which could substitute the word “shallow” with no prejudice of meaning.
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Q1689532 Inglês
Text 3A03-III


The World’s Largest Tropical Wetland Has Become an Inferno

    This year, roughly a quarter of the vast Pantanal wetland in Brazil, one of the most biodiverse places on Earth, has burned in wildfires worsened by climate change. What happens to a rich and unique biome when so much is destroyed?
     The unprecedented fires in the wetland have attracted less attention than blazes in Australia, the Western United States and the Amazon, its celebrity sibling to the north. But while the Pantanal is not a global household name, tourists in the know flock there because it is home to exceptionally high concentrations of breathtaking wildlife: Jaguars, tapirs, endangered giant otters and bright blue hyacinth macaws. Like a vast tub, the wetland swells with water during the rainy season and empties out during the dry months. Fittingly, this rhythm has a name that evokes a beating heart: the flood pulse.
     The wetland, which is larger than Greece and stretches over parts of Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia, also offers unseen gifts to a vast swath of South America by regulating the water cycle upon which life depends. Its countless swamps, lagoons and tributaries purify water and help prevent floods and droughts. They also store untold amounts of carbon, helping to stabilize the climate.
     For centuries, ranchers have used fire to clear fields and new land. But this year, drought worsened by climate change turned the wetlands into a tinderbox and the fires raged out of control.

Catrin Einhorn, Maria Magdalena Arréllaga, Blacki Migliozzi
and Scott Reinhard. Oct. 13, 2020.
Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapeted) 
Without changing the meaning of text 3A3-III, the verb “swell”, in the sentence "Like a vast tub, the wetland swells with water during the rainy season and empties out during the dry months", could be replaced by
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Q1689520 Inglês
Text 3A2-II


    It was Maria’s first day at school, her first week in the United States. Her middle school in San Francisco was the biggest building she’d ever seen. It was bigger than the entire Best Buy store she’d walked through in awe on her first day in the city.
     Eventually, Maria found her way to class, a special setting for Spanish-speaking newcomers. There she would practice English words for colors and numbers, learn how to introduce herself and how to say thank you. By eighth grade she was moved into mainstream classes, where she struggled. It didn’t help that her math teacher started each class by saying, “Okay, my little dummies.” He spoke really fast. Maria never raised her hand in his class.
     One day Maria stopped by the administrative office, looking for someone to help her with multiplication. She took her spot in line behind a middle-aged woman who chatted with her in Spanish as they waited. Maria said school was really hard for her. The woman told her not to worry. “Latinas usually don’t finish high school,” she said. “They go to work or raise kids.”
     The woman was right, statistically speaking, and Maria’s middle-school experience all but ensured she’d join the 52 percent of foreign-born Latinos who drop out of high school. She graduated from eighth grade without learning to speak English. She had a hard time writing in Spanish and didn’t know how to multiply.

Everything you’ve heard about failing schools is wrong.
Internet: <www.motherjones.com> (adapted).
The meaning of the word “struggle”, in the third sentence of the second paragraph of text 3A2-II, is close to the meaning conveyed by
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Q1689514 Inglês
Text 3A2-I


    “Millions of children, every year, start school excited about what they will learn, but quickly become disillusioned when they get the idea they are not as ‘smart’ as others,” writes Jo Boaler. That’s because parents and teachers inadvertently give out the message that talent is inborn — you either have it or you don’t.
     As a math professor, Boaler has seen this firsthand. Many young adults enter her class anxious about math, and their fear about learning impacts their ability to learn.
     “The myth that our brains are fixed and that we simply don’t have the aptitude for certain topics is not only scientifically inaccurate; it is omnipresent and negatively impacts not only education, but many other events in our everyday lives,” she writes. Even though the science of neuroplasticity — how our brains change in response to learning — suggests learning can take place at any age, this news has not made it into classrooms, she argues.
     Some of our misguided visions of talent have led to racist and sexist attitudes, she writes. For example, many girls get the message early on that math is for boys and that boys are better at it, interfering with their ability to succeed and leading to gender disparities in fields of study related to math. Similarly, people of color may also have to overcome stereotypes about fixed intelligence in order to thrive.

How understanding your brain can help you learn.
Internet: <greatergood.berkeley.edu> (adapted)
In the second sentence of the third paragraph of text 3A2-I, “Even though” can be correctly replaced with
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Q1689513 Inglês
Text 3A2-I


    “Millions of children, every year, start school excited about what they will learn, but quickly become disillusioned when they get the idea they are not as ‘smart’ as others,” writes Jo Boaler. That’s because parents and teachers inadvertently give out the message that talent is inborn — you either have it or you don’t.
     As a math professor, Boaler has seen this firsthand. Many young adults enter her class anxious about math, and their fear about learning impacts their ability to learn.
     “The myth that our brains are fixed and that we simply don’t have the aptitude for certain topics is not only scientifically inaccurate; it is omnipresent and negatively impacts not only education, but many other events in our everyday lives,” she writes. Even though the science of neuroplasticity — how our brains change in response to learning — suggests learning can take place at any age, this news has not made it into classrooms, she argues.
     Some of our misguided visions of talent have led to racist and sexist attitudes, she writes. For example, many girls get the message early on that math is for boys and that boys are better at it, interfering with their ability to succeed and leading to gender disparities in fields of study related to math. Similarly, people of color may also have to overcome stereotypes about fixed intelligence in order to thrive.

How understanding your brain can help you learn.
Internet: <greatergood.berkeley.edu> (adapted)
In the last paragraph of text 3A2-I, the verbs “to overcome” and “to thrive” are synonymous with, respectively,
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Q1689506 Inglês
Text 3A1-II


    There is ample evidence that reading not only strengthens second language vocabulary, but also expands it as readers meet words, or the same word, in different contexts. After all, that is the way lexical vocabulary is acquired in real life, through hearing it in our first languages.
    Apart from learning vocabulary, learners also learn new structures, which can form a strong scaffolding both for learning other new structures and introducing grammatical items to a class.
     In listening to each other read, discuss points in groups, debate, or answer and their rationale, second language learners will sharpen both listening and speaking skills.
     There is no magic bullet, no single explanation for what teachers can do to ensure that their students learn to read a second or foreign language. Practice and plenty of it may be the only way out. 


J. Kembo. Using short texts to teach English as second language. Rongo University, Kenya. Universal Journal of Educational Research 4(12): 2735-2743, 2016 (adapted).
In the very beginning of the second paragraph of text 3A1-II, “Apart from” can be correctly replaced with
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Q1689504 Inglês

Text 3A1-I


Bill Watterson. Calvin and Hobbes. Internet: <https://www.gocomics.com>

In the last box of the comic strip (text 3A1-I), the word “eventually” in “Maybe we can eventually make language a complete impediment to understanding” can be correctly replaced with
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Respostas
661: E
662: E
663: E
664: C
665: E
666: C
667: A
668: D
669: D
670: D
671: C
672: E
673: D
674: A
675: B
676: D
677: C
678: E
679: A
680: B