Read the text and answer question.

        Education in a language which is not the first language of the learner is as old as education itself. As individuals from different language groups have lived together, some have been educated in an additional language. This is as true of Ancient Rome as it is of the increasingly multilingual societies being created through mobility and globalization in the 21th century.

        Two thousand years ago, provision of an educational curriculum in an additional language happened as the Roman Empire expanded and absorbed Greek territory, language and culture. Families in Rome educated their children in Greek to ensure that they would have access to not only the language, but also the social and professional opportunities it would provide for them in their future lives, including living in Greek-speaking educational communities. This historical experience has been replicated across the world through the centuries, and is now particularly true of the global uptake of English language learning.

        Researchers and educators have sought new practices in education that will suit the demands of the present day. Globalization and the forces of economic and social convergence have had a significant impact on who learns which language, at what stage in their development, and in which way. The driving forces for language learning differ according to country and region, but they share the objective of wanting to achieve the best possible results in the shortest time. This need has often dovetailed with the need to adapt content-teaching methodologies so as to raise overall levels of proficiency.

(COYLE, Do; HOOD, Philip; MARSH, David. 2010. Adaptado) 

Texto para a questão

    The idea of time blindness, or difficulty perceiving and managing time, has spread across social media. While there is no diagnosis for it, some people explain that, despite their best efforts, they frequently lose track of time, underestimate or overestimate how long tasks will take, show up late, and miss deadlines.

    Time blindness is a psychological phenomenon that nearly everyone experiences from time to time, said Michael Manos, at the Cleveland Clinic.

      “Who doesn’t get completely occupied with a hobby or a conversation they’re having with somebody, or some kind of activity that is so interesting that it occupies attention, and it takes attention away from other things that might be pressing?” he said.

     Not all experts agree, but some suggest that it could be a limitation for some people.

    Renae Beaumont, an associate professor of psychology in clinical psychiatry, said time blindness and flow, a state of intense focus in an activity that is engaging, enjoyable and temporarily distracts from the passage of time, are different phenomena.

    “Flow is typically associated with positive emotions when you’re doing something you enjoy, and you are able to shift to a different task when you need to. Time blindness involves getting stuck, losing track of time and typically having trouble transitioning to a different task,” she said.

    There is no clear consensus, but some researchers consider time blindness to be an impairment in temporal perception, or the way the brain experiences time.

    Certain strategies may help people who struggle with time perception and management, experts said. Use digital reminders including alarms, timers and calendars to keep track of appointments, dates and deadlines. Washington Post.

February 5, 2025. Adaptado.

In our modern world, there are many factors that place the wellbeing of the planet in jeopardy. While some people have the opinion that environmental problems are just a natural occurrence, others believe that human beings have a huge impaction the environment. Regardless of your viewpoint, take into consideration the following factors that place our environment as well as the planet Earth in danger.

Global warming or climate change is a major contributing factor to environmental damage. Because of global warming, we have seen an increase in melting ice caps, a rise in sea levels, and the formation of new weather patterns. These weather patterns have caused stronger storms, droughts, and flooding in places that they formerly did not occur.

Air pollution is primarily caused as a result of excessive and unregulated emissions of carbon dioxide into the air. Pollutants mostly emerge ____________the burning_________fossil fuels______  addition __________ chemicals, toxic substances, and improper waste disposal. Air pollutants are absorbed into the atmosphere, and they can cause smog, a combination of smoke and fog, in valleys as well as produce acidic precipitation in areas far away from the pollution source.

In many areas, people and local governments do not sustainably use their natural resources. Mining for natural gases, deforestation, and even improper use of water resources can have tremendous effects on the environment. While these strategies often attempt to boost local economies, their effects can lead to oil spills, interrupted animal habitats, and droughts.

Ultimately, the effects of the modern world on the environment can lead to many problems. Human beings need to consider the repercussions of their actions, trying to reduce, reuse, and recycle materials while establishing environmentally sustainable habits. If measures are not taken to protect the environment, we can potentially witness the extinction of more endangered species, worldwide pollution, and a completely uninhabitable planet.

source: lingua.com