Questões de Concurso Sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês

Foram encontradas 13.079 questões

Q408040 Inglês
Leia o texto a seguir.

Effective software project management focuses on the three P’s: people, problem, and process. The order is not arbitrary. The manager who forgets that software engineering work is an intensely human endeavor will never have success in project management. A manager who fails to encourage comprehensive customer communication early in the evolution of a project risks building an elegant solution for the wrong problem. Finally the manager who pays little attention to the process runs the risk of inserting competent technical methods and tools into a vacuum.

(Software Engineering – Concepts & Implementation. Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University)

Segundo o texto, o gerente
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Q408039 Inglês
Leia o texto a seguir.

Software components are built using a programming language that has a limited vocabulary an explicitly defined grammar and well formed rules of syntax and semantics. At the lowest level the language mirrors the instruction set of the hardware. At mid-level programming languages such as Ada 95, C or Smalltalk are used to create a procedural description of the program. At the highest level the language uses graphical icons or other symbology to represent the requirements for a solution. Executable instructions are automatically generated.

(Software Engineering – Concepts & Implementation. Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University)

De acordo com o texto,
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Q408038 Inglês
Leia o texto a seguir.

A domain constraint implies that a particular attribute of a relation is defined on a particular domain. A domain constraint simply states that values of the attribute in question are required to belong to the set on values constituting the underlying domain.

(Database Fundamentals. Sharma, N. et al. DB2university.com, 1ª. edição, 2010)

A melhor tradução para o termo domain constraint é
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Q408037 Inglês
Leia o texto a seguir.

The Object-Relational (OR) model is very similar to the relational model; however, it treats every entity as an object (instance of a class), and a relationship as an inheritance. Some features and benefits of an Object-Relational model are:

• Support for complex, user defined types
• Object inheritance
• Extensible objects

(Database Fundamentals. Sharma, N. et al. DB2university.com, 1ª. edição, 2010)

De acordo com o texto,
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Q407619 Inglês
Metro releases preliminary findings of investigation into overnight construction accident in Red Line work zone

News release issued at 3:27 pm, October 6, 2013.

     The investigation into the cause of a fatal overnight construction accident on the Red Line in Washington, D.C. is ....B.... . The investigation team, led by Metro's Chief Safety Officer, has authorized the release of the following facts and preliminary findings:
     The incident occurred shortly after midnight, Sunday, October 6, 2013, in a work zone on the outbound (Glenmont direction) track between Union Station and Judiciary Square.
     Contractors and WMATA employees were performing rail renewal, a process that involves removing old sections of rail, installing new sections of rail and related activity such as welding and grinding.
     At approximately 12:03 a.m., there was a fire and loud noise that originated near heavy track equipment used to weld rail sections together into a continuous strip.
     The fire and loud noise originated approximately 70 to 80 feet from the injured workers. The root cause of the fire/noise has not yet been determined. It is not yet known if there was a fluid leak or another mechanical issue.
     The fire was extinguished by workers using a handheld fire extinguisher.
     The incident caused a 40-foot section of rail to move, striking three workers (two WMATA employees and a contractor). It is not yet known what caused the piece of rail to move.
     The two WMATA employees - one track worker and one supervisor - suffered serious but non-life-threatening injuries from being struck by the piece of rail. They were transported to local hospitals.
     The contractor, an employee of Holland Co., was fatally injured as a result of being struck by the   piece of rail.   
Segundo o texto,
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Q407618 Inglês
Metro releases preliminary findings of investigation into overnight construction accident in Red Line work zone

News release issued at 3:27 pm, October 6, 2013.

     The investigation into the cause of a fatal overnight construction accident on the Red Line in Washington, D.C. is ....B.... . The investigation team, led by Metro's Chief Safety Officer, has authorized the release of the following facts and preliminary findings:
     The incident occurred shortly after midnight, Sunday, October 6, 2013, in a work zone on the outbound (Glenmont direction) track between Union Station and Judiciary Square.
     Contractors and WMATA employees were performing rail renewal, a process that involves removing old sections of rail, installing new sections of rail and related activity such as welding and grinding.
     At approximately 12:03 a.m., there was a fire and loud noise that originated near heavy track equipment used to weld rail sections together into a continuous strip.
     The fire and loud noise originated approximately 70 to 80 feet from the injured workers. The root cause of the fire/noise has not yet been determined. It is not yet known if there was a fluid leak or another mechanical issue.
     The fire was extinguished by workers using a handheld fire extinguisher.
     The incident caused a 40-foot section of rail to move, striking three workers (two WMATA employees and a contractor). It is not yet known what caused the piece of rail to move.
     The two WMATA employees - one track worker and one supervisor - suffered serious but non-life-threatening injuries from being struck by the piece of rail. They were transported to local hospitals.
     The contractor, an employee of Holland Co., was fatally injured as a result of being struck by the   piece of rail.   
Dentro do contexto, a palavra que preenche corretamente a lacuna ...B... é
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Q407617 Inglês
San Francisco Subway TBMs Dig Deep to Overcome Tunnel Challenges
September 4, 2013
By Greg Aragon

     Tunneling 100 ft below a busy city with varying substructure is a delicate job, especially when the work comes .....A.... 8 ft of existing tunnels. Such is the case on San Francisco's new $1.5-billion Central Subway Project, which began major subterranean excavation last month.
     "The tunnels pass through both soft ground and Franciscan formation, which is heterogeneous rock that is not predictable except in its unpredictability," says Sarah Wilson, a San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency (SFMTA) resident engineer.
     While underground conditions will be tricky, the project's twin earth-pressure-balance tunnel-boring machines will be able to adjust their blades and cut through any sand, dirt or rock, says Wilson. The TBMs, dubbed Mom Chung and Big Alma, are each 350 ft long and weigh 750 tons.
     Mom Chung was first out of the 450-ft-long launch box. Over the next 10 months, she will travel north, creating a 1.7-mile-long tunnel. Big Alma will begin digging a southbound parallel tunnel later this month.
     The tunnels are the main component of the Central Subway Project, which is extending the Muni Metro T Third Line through one of the most densely populated neighborhoods in the U.S. with three new underground stations and one at street level. Work on the line is scheduled to wrap up in 2019.
     To prevent and control ground and adjacent structure settlement, the team will use compensation grouting, in which a horizontal array of grout pipes is installed into a shaft drilled down next to the tunnel alignment. "We are basically preconditioning the ground and making it homogeneous so that there are no surprises for the crossing," says John Funghi, SFMTA program director. 
Segundo o texto,
Alternativas
Q407616 Inglês
San Francisco Subway TBMs Dig Deep to Overcome Tunnel Challenges
September 4, 2013
By Greg Aragon

     Tunneling 100 ft below a busy city with varying substructure is a delicate job, especially when the work comes .....A.... 8 ft of existing tunnels. Such is the case on San Francisco's new $1.5-billion Central Subway Project, which began major subterranean excavation last month.
     "The tunnels pass through both soft ground and Franciscan formation, which is heterogeneous rock that is not predictable except in its unpredictability," says Sarah Wilson, a San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency (SFMTA) resident engineer.
     While underground conditions will be tricky, the project's twin earth-pressure-balance tunnel-boring machines will be able to adjust their blades and cut through any sand, dirt or rock, says Wilson. The TBMs, dubbed Mom Chung and Big Alma, are each 350 ft long and weigh 750 tons.
     Mom Chung was first out of the 450-ft-long launch box. Over the next 10 months, she will travel north, creating a 1.7-mile-long tunnel. Big Alma will begin digging a southbound parallel tunnel later this month.
     The tunnels are the main component of the Central Subway Project, which is extending the Muni Metro T Third Line through one of the most densely populated neighborhoods in the U.S. with three new underground stations and one at street level. Work on the line is scheduled to wrap up in 2019.
     To prevent and control ground and adjacent structure settlement, the team will use compensation grouting, in which a horizontal array of grout pipes is installed into a shaft drilled down next to the tunnel alignment. "We are basically preconditioning the ground and making it homogeneous so that there are no surprises for the crossing," says John Funghi, SFMTA program director. 
Segundo Wilson,
Alternativas
Q407615 Inglês
San Francisco Subway TBMs Dig Deep to Overcome Tunnel Challenges
September 4, 2013
By Greg Aragon

     Tunneling 100 ft below a busy city with varying substructure is a delicate job, especially when the work comes .....A.... 8 ft of existing tunnels. Such is the case on San Francisco's new $1.5-billion Central Subway Project, which began major subterranean excavation last month.
     "The tunnels pass through both soft ground and Franciscan formation, which is heterogeneous rock that is not predictable except in its unpredictability," says Sarah Wilson, a San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency (SFMTA) resident engineer.
     While underground conditions will be tricky, the project's twin earth-pressure-balance tunnel-boring machines will be able to adjust their blades and cut through any sand, dirt or rock, says Wilson. The TBMs, dubbed Mom Chung and Big Alma, are each 350 ft long and weigh 750 tons.
     Mom Chung was first out of the 450-ft-long launch box. Over the next 10 months, she will travel north, creating a 1.7-mile-long tunnel. Big Alma will begin digging a southbound parallel tunnel later this month.
     The tunnels are the main component of the Central Subway Project, which is extending the Muni Metro T Third Line through one of the most densely populated neighborhoods in the U.S. with three new underground stations and one at street level. Work on the line is scheduled to wrap up in 2019.
     To prevent and control ground and adjacent structure settlement, the team will use compensation grouting, in which a horizontal array of grout pipes is installed into a shaft drilled down next to the tunnel alignment. "We are basically preconditioning the ground and making it homogeneous so that there are no surprises for the crossing," says John Funghi, SFMTA program director. 
A palavra que preenche corretamente a lacuna ...A... é :
Alternativas
Q405867 Inglês
       Databases are increasingly used by applications and along with the data explosion, this had led to a proliferation of databases and additional complexity for database administrators (DBAs) as they try to manage the growing numbers of databases created by application developers. This increase in applications and SQL Server instances, combined with low-cost/high-storage hardware, has led to server sprawl across the organization with hundreds of servers at less than 2Gb utilization.
       Application and multi-server management provides the DBA with the tools necessary to gain centralized insights into instance and database application utilization as well as a better way to develop, deploy, and manage data-tier applications.

                     (Extraído e adaptado de: http://technet.microsoft.com/ en-us/sqlserver/bb671430.aspx,
                            SQL Server 2008 R2, Application and Multi-Server Management)


No contexto, o trecho “… a better way to develop, deploy, and manage data-tier applications” pode ser traduzido, mantendo-se o sentido, para:
Alternativas
Q405866 Inglês
       Databases are increasingly used by applications and along with the data explosion, this had led to a proliferation of databases and additional complexity for database administrators (DBAs) as they try to manage the growing numbers of databases created by application developers. This increase in applications and SQL Server instances, combined with low-cost/high-storage hardware, has led to server sprawl across the organization with hundreds of servers at less than 2Gb utilization.
       Application and multi-server management provides the DBA with the tools necessary to gain centralized insights into instance and database application utilization as well as a better way to develop, deploy, and manage data-tier applications.

                     (Extraído e adaptado de: http://technet.microsoft.com/ en-us/sqlserver/bb671430.aspx,
                            SQL Server 2008 R2, Application and Multi-Server Management)


O texto informa que uma consequência do aumento de aplicações que utilizam banco de dados e da existência de hardware com baixo custo e alta capacidade de armazenamento foi
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Q405864 Inglês
       […]
       For mobile computers and telephones, cellular radio is the up-and-coming technology. GSM, CDPD, and CDMA are widely used.
       The IEEE 802 LANs are: CSMA/CD, token bus, and token ring. Each of these has its own unique advantages and disadvantages, and each has found its own user community and will probably continue to serve that community for years to come. Convergence to a single LAN standard is an unlikely event. A new addition to this family is DQDB, being sold as a MAN in many cities.
       An organization with multiple LANs often connects them with bridges. When a bridge connects two or more different kinds of LANs, new problems arise, some of them insoluble.
       […]

                     (Extraído de: Computer Networks, A.S. Tanenbaum, 3rd Edition, Prentice-Hall, pg. 335)



De acordo com o texto, CSMA/CD, token bus e token ring são LANs padrão IEEE 802 que
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Q405578 Inglês

Imagem associada para resolução da questão
A comparison between Texts I and II reveals that
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Q405577 Inglês
Concerning the future of the oil job market, Text II suggests that
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Q405576 Inglês
The main intention of Text II is to discuss the
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Q405574 Inglês
The fragment “frostbite isn’t fun, neither is heat stroke” (line 66) refers to the fact that the
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Q405573 Inglês
Based on the meanings in Text I, the two items that express synonymous ideas are
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Q405572 Inglês
In Text I, the idea stated in italics corresponds to the meaning expressed by the boldfaced verb phrase in
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Q405571 Inglês
According to Text I, employers in the oil industry usually
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Q405570 Inglês
According to Text I, workers in the oil industry can be expected to bear all of the following working conditions, EXCEPT
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Respostas
9921: C
9922: E
9923: D
9924: A
9925: A
9926: B
9927: C
9928: A
9929: D
9930: E
9931: B
9932: B
9933: C
9934: B
9935: A
9936: D
9937: A
9938: E
9939: D
9940: B