Questões de Concurso
Comentadas sobre aspectos linguísticos | linguistic aspects em inglês
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Concerning Bilingualism, analyze the following statements (Gleason, J. B. e Ratner, N. B. The Development of Language. Pearson: Boston, 2009):
I. When a speaker gains a second language while retaining a first language, the process is called additive language. Often, the acquisition of the second language is seen as an asset, as enhancing the prestige and social and economic prowess of the speaker.
II. Subtractive bilingualism refers to the loss of fluency in one’s native language that occurs when acquiring a second language.
III. Being younger is an advantage in terms of the rate of acquisition, as younger learners acquire a second language more rapidly than older learners in untutored settings.
IV. The acquisition of a second language could occur in submersion settings in which the person is surrounded by native speakers of that second language, or in immersion settings, in which the person and other people received instruction in that second language only.
V. Children growing up learning two or more languages simultaneously can do so without difficulty and in much the same way as do monolingual children.
Check the alternative that presents the number of the CORRECT statements:
Norman Fairclough is one of the founders of Critical discourse analysis (CDA), which studies how power is exercised through language. According to him, CDA is a positioning concerning language that associates linguistic text analysis with a social theory of the functioning of language in political and ideological processes (Fairclough, N. Critical Language Awareness. Routledge: London, 1992). Write (T) for those that are true and (F) for those that are false in relation to the CDA theoretical basis.
( ) The object of analysis is linguistic texts which are analyzed in terms of their own specificity.
( ) In addition to text, the processes of text production and interpretation are themselves analyzed. Analysis is interpretation.
( ) Texts must be homogeneous and ambiguous and features of different genre types might be drawn upon in interpreting them.
( ) Discourse is socially constructive, constituting social subjects, social relations and systems of knowledge and belief.
( ) Discourse analysis is concerned only with power relations in discourse and how it transform the social practices of a society.
( ) Analysis of discourse attends to its functioning in the creative transformation of ideologies and practices as well as its function in securing their reproduction.
Check the alternative that shows the CORRECT sequence:
Read the text to answer 37, 38, 39 and 40.
Identity and globalization
Krasimira Mineva -Burgas Free University.
During the recent decades, intensity of relations between different cultures and different regions of the world has been increasing, due to the rapid development of telecommunications. The increasing economic and financial independence has its impact on the new opportunities for mobility and communications amongst different cultures. The development of the global market, the large volumes of production and exports enable the consumption of new, unfamiliar products. The economic aspects of the processes developing on a global scale are characterized by free movement of capital, search for new markets for goods and services, exported manufacturing facilities seeking cheaper labor markets, collision between local producers and powerful international corporations. The economic processes encourage the development of a new global culture, the basis for it being standards such as consumption, consumer attitudes and ultimate individualism. The effects of globalization have been described as: aculturalism, the mutual influence among cultures and their gradual convergence and unification; migration processes due to the collapse of local economies; increased number of illegal immigrants; marginalization and prejudice; spread of individualism and consumer attitude which undermine the values of traditional society; increased exchange of information and ideas , information on global scale doubles its volume every two years; individual consciousness is overloaded with information but behaviors which might alter culture become even more uniform.
(Available in: https://www.researchgate.net. Adapted.)
Analyse word usage in the text. Mark the item which is a modifier.
English learning in Brazil
Statutory and the National Curricular Guidelines make the teaching of a ......................................... language at elementary and high school ................................... . However, teachers and experts acknowledge that English teaching - both public and private - is unable to provide students with a usable level of English. They identify similar reasons to those that cause other problems in basic education: the lack of language teaching equipment and over-filled classrooms.
There are also fundamental problems with the amount of time set aside for teaching English and it is hard to find adequately qualified teachers. In these conditions English teaching is reduced to the basic rules of grammar, reading short texts and learning to pass multiple choice exams for university admittance. Even government officials admit that English teaching in basic education has many shortcomings. The National Curricular Guidelines (which outline the curriculum for each subject) are well articulated, but cannot be applied fully in practice. Officials have pointed out that there are no language labs in schools as there is little funding available for them.
They feel that this limits oral communication, a problem that many educators have argued is exacerbated by the large number of students in the classroom. Government representatives and teachers alike have bemoaned the poor quality of language teachers working in basic language education. They argue that a bachelor degree in literature coupled with a teaching license does not prepare a language teacher for the reality of the classroom and to effectively teach the language. There is a widely held belief that these teachers are unlikely to have actually had the means to visit English speaking countries and lack the communication practice required to develop the command of a language. Experts have argued that it would be helpful to send teachers to travel to English speaking countries.
The shortcomings of language teaching in Brazil have resulted in a shortage of professionals who can speak English well. That limits contact between professionals, clients and suppliers and restricts international business opportunities. This affects the whole country - if Brazil is to function fully in the global arena it will need professionals better equipped with English.
https://www.britishcouncil.org.br
The verb “bemoan” in: “…have bemoaned the poor…”, has its correct meaning in which alternative?
Some words in English sound the same when they are spoken, but have different spellings and different meanings.
Which alternative contains the correct sequence to complete the sentences?
1 st - Do you think it is going to (rein, rain, reign) tomorrow?
2 nd - We saw a restaurant just off the (rode, road) about a mile back.
3 rd - They don’t want to talk about the (passed, past) anymore.
4 th - My mother (sent, scent, cent) a letter to my aunt who lives in London.
5 th - (He’ll, Heel, Heal) be here in a few minutes.
I- Despite that Harold wasn't the fastest runner, he won the race. II- There were not many people at the party, but it was really enjoyable. III- Despite not feel too good this morning, I went to work. IV- It's an old radio. Although, it works really well. V- Although Gary worked for weeks on that assignment, he got a terrible mark for it.
I-
international – vegetarian
II- 
extravagante – presentation
III- 
apartamento block – public transportation
IV- 
calculator – supermarket Check the correct alternative:
1 - Is that car faster than this one? 2 - I´ve never being so confused in my life. 3 - She is the most brighter girl in the class. 4 - We bought a new house yesterday.
I. O trecho “he brougiht dawn the house”, em inglês, pode ser melhor traduzido como “fazer uma oferta para comprar uma casa ou imóvel”. II. O trecho “he made a clean breast of it”, em inglês, está corretamente grafado. III. A frase “the stone travelled the air” está corretamente grafada e nela ocorre verbo.
Marque a alternativa CORRETA:
( ) How is this word pronounced?
( ) My car is repairing at the moment.
( ) I haven’t been invited to the party.
( ) The letter might have been sent to the wrong address.
( ) My room has been cleaned yesterday morning.
Choose the alternative with the correct sequence:
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