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Gombrich, E. H. The Story of Art. Phaidon, 16th.
Ed. 1995. pp.65-6, with adaptations.
The fragments “which all creations of a people seem to obey.” (line 4) and which all creations of people seem to obey mean the same and can be used interchangeably.
Assinale a alternativa que, correta e gramaticalmente, completa a frase dita por Armstrong.
Instructions: answer question based on the following text

(Avaliable in: https://people.com/parents/vacations-better-than-toys-holiday-gifts-kids/ – text specially
adapted for this test.)
An interview with Paolo Kwan, 20, from Hong Kong, who is improving his English while studying Business Administration at Sierra College in northern California.
WHY DID YOU DECIDE TO STUDY IN THE USA?
It provides a nice education in a beautiful country. When I
was younger I used to watch American movies and I
wanted to visit the United States. They always talked about
the American dream, and I wanted to come and see it.
HOW DID YOU CHOOSE YOUR INTENSIVE ENGLISH PROGRAM?
Sierra College is one of the biggest community colleges in northern California. It is in a quiet location but has a beautiful campus.
The college has a good business program. I can study for two years at Sierra College and then two years at my transfer school to earn my degree.
WHAT DO YOU LIKE BEST?
I also enjoy the quality of the teaching at the college. There is a writing center where I can go at any time. The teachers can make suggestions to improve my essay, regarding grammar and my vocabulary. At the Math Center, they can explain in detail the problems.
WHAT DO YOU MISS MOST?
I miss the food and also my family.
WHAT WAS YOUR BIGGEST SURPRISE?
I was surprised by the cultural difference. The taste and style of food is very different. The amount of food is a lot larger. A small portion in the USA is a large portion in Hong Kong. When people from America find out that I am from another country they ask a lot of questions. They are very interested in you and finding out about Hong Kong.
... YOUR BIGGEST DISAPPOINTMENT?
I have not had any since I came here.
HOW HAVE YOU HANDLED:
... LANGUAGE DIFFERENCES?
It is important not to be shy, as that does not help you when you are trying to improve your language. I make sure that I study, practice and speak as often as I can—that is the only way to improve. ...
FINANCES?
I am being supported by my family.
... ADJUSTING TO A DIFFERENT EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM?
The American system is much more open. In Hong Kong you just learn what the teacher writes on the board. In America, you discuss the issues and focus more on ideas
WHAT ARE YOUR ACTIVITIES?
I am interested in traveling around the USA. I have been to San Francisco, which you can reach by train from Sierra College. In my free time I go out with friends.
HOW EASY OR DIFFICULT IS MAKING FRIENDS?
It has not been that hard to make friends in the USA. Other people at the college are friendly and want to make friends as well.
HOW IS YOUR U.S. EDUCATION RELEVANT TO YOUR PERSONAL GOALS AND TO THE NEEDS OF YOUR COUNTRY?
I think that the U.S. education system will provide me with
good resources and skills to be able to support myself in
order to get hired in my own country
WHAT IS YOUR ADVICE TO OTHER STUDENTS?
An awesome life experience is waiting for you in the future. You will learn so much more than you think. Nothing is impossible, so go ahead and give it a try.
Adapted from: https://www.studyusa.com
Text 1:
How being bilingual can boost your career
Whether you’re fresh out of college or a seasoned executive, insiders agree that fluency in a second language can not only help you stand out among prospective employers, it can also open doors to opportunities that those without foreign language skills might miss.
In today’s global economy, the ability to communicate in another language has become a significant advantage in the workforce. Research has found that people who speak at least one foreign language have an average annual household income that’s $10,000 higher than the household income of those who only speak English. And about 17 percent of those who speak at least one foreign language earn more than $100,000 a year.
A recent survey found that nearly 9 out of 10 headhunters in Europe, Latin America, and Asia say that being at least bilingual is critical for success in today’s business environment. And 66 percent of North American recruiters agreed that being bilingual will be increasingly important in the next 10 years.
“In today’s global economy you really have to understand the way business is done overseas to maximize your potential. A second language equips you for that,” says Alister Wellesley, managing partner of a Connecticut-based recruiting firm. “If you’re doing business overseas, or with someone from overseas, you obtain a certain degree of respect if you’re able to talk in their native language.”
Language skills can also be key for service industries. At the Willard InterContinental Washington, a luxury hotel a few blocks from the White House, a staff of about 570 represents 42 nations, speaking 19 languages. The Willard’s front-of-house employees such as the concierge speak at least two languages. Bilingualism is not an absolute requirement, but it is desirable, according to Wendi Colby, director of human resources.
Workers with skills in a second language may have an edge when it comes to climbing Willard’s professional ladder. “The individual that spoke more languages would have a better chance for a managerial role, whatever the next level would be,” Colby says. “They are able to deal with a wide array of clients, employees.”
So which languages can give you a leg up on the job market? Insiders agree the most popular – and marketable – languages are Spanish, German, French, Italian, Russian and Japanese, with a growing emphasis on Mandarin, given China’s booming economy. So let’s learn Mandarin!
“We see demand from a full range of industries,” says Wellesley. “Actually it depends on which company you’re working for and the country in which they’re located.”
Adapted from: LATHAM-KOENIG, Christina & OXENDEN,
Clive. American English File 5. 2nd edition. Oxford: OUP,
2018.
Read the following statements and decide if they are true (T) or false (F).
( ) Technologies of information and communication create new genres as Twitter and YouTube. These novelties demand a new way to think teaching English as a second language.
( ) Reading and writing have been affected by new technologies. Images and hyperlinks have become an integrated part of the new genres.
( ) Teaching English as a second language has to follow different concepts of language learning and abstract from the changes society goes through.
( ) Intertextuality is a relevant characteristic of the technological genres.
( ) Multimedia educational proposals contribute to a contextualized teaching and to a better understanding of the world.
Choose the alternative which CORRECTLY shows if the statements are true of false:
A consonant sound formed by using both lips (such as /m/ in "mine") is:
Complete the sentences about the uses of adverbs with one of the five possible endings A – B – C – D or E, marking the correct letter.
‘This is quite nice.’ ‘You’re quite wrong.’ These examples show that QUITE can be used:
For the question 2 to 10, fill in the blanks with the correct alternative.
Maria _________ fly to London tomorrow.
For the question 2 to 10, fill in the blanks with the correct alternative.
My grandparents have been married _____ forty-nine years.
For the question 2 to 10, fill in the blanks with the correct alternative.
I ________ a teacher since 2002.
For the question 2 to 10, fill in the blanks with the correct alternative.
If I _______ you, I’d take the risk.
For the question 2 to 10, fill in the blanks with the correct alternative.
I thought you _______________.
For the question 2 to 10, fill in the blanks with the correct alternative.
Mozart ___________ more than 600 pieces of music.
For the question 2 to 10, fill in the blanks with the correct alternative.
If you are in Spain, you can come visit me ________ you like.
For the question 2 to 10, fill in the blanks with the correct alternative.
My father is on the way. He __________ home yet.