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Ano: 2022 Banca: NC-UFPR Órgão: CBM-PR Prova: NC-UFPR - 2022 - CBM-PR - Cadete |
Q2210647 Inglês
The surprising history of India’s vibrant sari tradition

    South Asian women have draped themselves in colorful silks and cottons for eons. The ways they’re made and worn are dazzling and diverse.
    The word “sari” means “strip of cloth” in Sanskrit. But for the Indian women – and a few men – who have been wrapping themselves in silk, cotton, or linen for millennia, these swaths of fabric are more than just simple garments. They’re symbols of national pride, ambassadors for traditional (and cutting-edge) design and craftsmanship, and a prime example of the rich differences in India’s 29 states.
     “The sari both as symbol and reality has filled the imagination of the subcontinent, with its appeal and its ability to conceal and reveal the personality of the person wearing it,” says Delhi-based textile historian Rta Kapur Chishti, author of Saris of India: Tradition and Beyond and co-founder of Taanbaan, a fabric company devoted to reviving and preserving traditional Indian spinning and weaving methods.
    The first mention of saris (alternately spelled sarees) is in the Rig Veda, a Hindu book of hymns dating to 3,000 B.C.; draped garments show up on Indian sculptures from the first through sixth centuries, too. What Delhi-based textile historian Rta Kapur Chishti calls the “magical unstitched garment” is ideally suited to India’s blazingly hot climate and the modest-dress customs of both Hindu and Muslim communities. Saris also remain traditional for women in other South Asian countries including Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal.

(Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/photography/the-story-of-the-sari-in-india/.) 
In the fourth paragraph, Delhi-based textile historian Rta Kapur Chishti calls the sari the “unstitched garment” because it:  
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: NC-UFPR Órgão: CBM-PR Prova: NC-UFPR - 2022 - CBM-PR - Cadete |
Q2210646 Inglês
The surprising history of India’s vibrant sari tradition

    South Asian women have draped themselves in colorful silks and cottons for eons. The ways they’re made and worn are dazzling and diverse.
    The word “sari” means “strip of cloth” in Sanskrit. But for the Indian women – and a few men – who have been wrapping themselves in silk, cotton, or linen for millennia, these swaths of fabric are more than just simple garments. They’re symbols of national pride, ambassadors for traditional (and cutting-edge) design and craftsmanship, and a prime example of the rich differences in India’s 29 states.
     “The sari both as symbol and reality has filled the imagination of the subcontinent, with its appeal and its ability to conceal and reveal the personality of the person wearing it,” says Delhi-based textile historian Rta Kapur Chishti, author of Saris of India: Tradition and Beyond and co-founder of Taanbaan, a fabric company devoted to reviving and preserving traditional Indian spinning and weaving methods.
    The first mention of saris (alternately spelled sarees) is in the Rig Veda, a Hindu book of hymns dating to 3,000 B.C.; draped garments show up on Indian sculptures from the first through sixth centuries, too. What Delhi-based textile historian Rta Kapur Chishti calls the “magical unstitched garment” is ideally suited to India’s blazingly hot climate and the modest-dress customs of both Hindu and Muslim communities. Saris also remain traditional for women in other South Asian countries including Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal.

(Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/photography/the-story-of-the-sari-in-india/.) 
In the first sentence of the text, the underlined and in bold type word “eons” means:
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: NC-UFPR Órgão: CBM-PR Prova: NC-UFPR - 2022 - CBM-PR - Cadete |
Q2210645 Inglês
The surprising history of India’s vibrant sari tradition

    South Asian women have draped themselves in colorful silks and cottons for eons. The ways they’re made and worn are dazzling and diverse.
    The word “sari” means “strip of cloth” in Sanskrit. But for the Indian women – and a few men – who have been wrapping themselves in silk, cotton, or linen for millennia, these swaths of fabric are more than just simple garments. They’re symbols of national pride, ambassadors for traditional (and cutting-edge) design and craftsmanship, and a prime example of the rich differences in India’s 29 states.
     “The sari both as symbol and reality has filled the imagination of the subcontinent, with its appeal and its ability to conceal and reveal the personality of the person wearing it,” says Delhi-based textile historian Rta Kapur Chishti, author of Saris of India: Tradition and Beyond and co-founder of Taanbaan, a fabric company devoted to reviving and preserving traditional Indian spinning and weaving methods.
    The first mention of saris (alternately spelled sarees) is in the Rig Veda, a Hindu book of hymns dating to 3,000 B.C.; draped garments show up on Indian sculptures from the first through sixth centuries, too. What Delhi-based textile historian Rta Kapur Chishti calls the “magical unstitched garment” is ideally suited to India’s blazingly hot climate and the modest-dress customs of both Hindu and Muslim communities. Saris also remain traditional for women in other South Asian countries including Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal.

(Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/photography/the-story-of-the-sari-in-india/.) 
Sari, which in Sanskrit means “strip of cloth”, represents more than a piece of clothing in India. In relation to the different meaning(s) attributed to the sari, consider the following affirmatives:
1. It stands for both up-to-date and conventional patterns. 2. People wear it in different ways. 3. Both men and women can wear it. 4. People cannot avoid an arrogant attitude when they put it on.
Mark the affirmative(s) that is/are present in the text. 
Alternativas
Q2179201 Sociologia
Considere a seguinte passagem:
No final do século XIX e início do século XX, inúmeras leis de “proteção” à mulher passaram a proibir o trabalho feminino em ocupações consideradas mais pesadas ou perigosas, já que isso havia trazido problemas de ordem “moral” resultantes do fato de as mulheres terem mais mobilidade fora do espaço da casa. Na França, uma lei de 1892 proibia as mulheres de exercer o trabalho noturno. No Brasil, a mesma proibição foi expressa em um decreto de 1932. Embora muitas dessas leis visassem à “proteção” das mulheres, exploradas pela indústria – assim como ocorria com as crianças –, acabaram por confiná-las aos cuidados domésticos e a trabalhos realizados em casa, sub-remunerados. Durante o século XX, as duas guerras mundiais voltaram a impulsionar a presença das mulheres nas indústrias, pois, nesses momentos, os esforços produtivos eram necessários. No entanto, com o fim do período de guerras, novamente se reivindicou o retorno das mulheres à casa. O modelo de família almejado pela sociedade industrial e fordista do pós-guerra centrou-se, então, no “homem provedor e na mulher cuidadora”.
(SILVA, Afrânio et al. (orgs.). Sociologia em movimento. São Paulo: Moderna, 2016. p. 338.)

Sobre a participação das mulheres no mercado de trabalho, assinale a alternativa correta. 
Alternativas
Q2179200 Sociologia
Considere o seguinte excerto:
A partir do período da história que teve início no século XV, à medida que os europeus intensificaram o contato com povos provenientes de diferentes regiões do mundo, tentou-se sistematizar o conhecimento através da categorização e da explicação dos fenômenos naturais e sociais. Populações não europeias foram “racializadas”, em oposição à “raça branca” europeia. Em algumas situações, essa racialização assumiu formas institucionais “codificadas”, como no caso da escravidão, nas colônias norte-americanas, e do apartheid, na África do Sul.
(GIDDENS, Anthony. Sociologia. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2005. p. 205-206.)

Em relação ao tema do racismo, assinale a alternativa correta.
Alternativas
Respostas
56: C
57: B
58: D
59: E
60: A